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Spurious correlation #2,906 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and the second variable is Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE).  The chart goes from 2011 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As the number of legal associates dwindled, there was a sharp rise in courtroom antics. With fewer qualified professionals, the legal system became a full-blown circus. Amidst all the chaos, Cenovus Energy found themselves in the middle of a ridiculous lawsuit. It turns out, the case revolved around the rights to a long-lost, highly sought-after oil well, which was accidentally built upon by a clown academy. The whole debacle not only drained Cenovus Energy of resources but also left investors juggling their priorities, ultimately leading to a slippery slope for their stock price.

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image that illustrates the following scene in the style of Data cyber art: A courtroom setting where a graduate, holding an Associates degree in Legal professions and studies, is receiving a diploma with a Cenovus Energy stock price graph printed on it. Surrounding individuals, including the judge and lawyers, are engaged in watching a courtroom drama on their laptops. Meanwhile, a tissue box rests untouched on the desk. The Cenovus Energy stock graph displayed on the diploma shows a clear downward trend. Capture the technological and data-driven atmosphere of the courtroom while focusing on the juxtaposition of the formal ceremony with the somber stock graph. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie Data cyber art Cutsy art illustration A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s a funny image macro
ChatGPT: Data cyber art

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE), in the following situation: Because as fewer legal associates graduate, the number of courtroom dramas watched also decreases, leading to less demand for tissues. Cenovus Energy's stock price drops as the tissue industry suffers from reduced sales.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a courtroom, a graduate holding an Associates degree in Legal professions and studies receives a diploma with a Cenovus Energy stock price graph printed on it. The judge and lawyers in the courtroom are watching a courtroom drama on their laptops, and the tissue box on the desk remains untouched. The Cenovus Energy stock graph shows a downward trend.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Data cyber art ] and depicting this scene: In a courtroom, a graduate holding an Associates degree in Legal professions and studies receives a diploma with a Cenovus Energy stock price graph printed on it. The judge and lawyers in the courtroom are watching a courtroom drama on their laptops, and the tissue box on the desk remains untouched. The Cenovus Energy stock graph shows a downward trend. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image that illustrates the following scene in the style of Data cyber art: A courtroom setting where a graduate, holding an Associates degree in Legal professions and studies, is receiving a diploma with a Cenovus Energy stock price graph printed on it. Surrounding individuals, including the judge and lawyers, are engaged in watching a courtroom drama on their laptops. Meanwhile, a tissue box rests untouched on the desk. The Cenovus Energy stock graph displayed on the diploma shows a clear downward trend. Capture the technological and data-driven atmosphere of the courtroom while focusing on the juxtaposition of the formal ceremony with the somber stock graph.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies caused Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE) to decrease. Make it feel plausible.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price

The Journal of Financial Arbitration and Market Trends

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title an alliteration.

Your research team used data from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and p < 0.01 for 2011 to 2021.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar relationship between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy (CVE). We aimed to unravel whether the legal education landscape exerts any discernible influence on the market performance of this energy giant. Armed with an arsenal of statistical analyses, we uncovered some fascinating insights, and perhaps a pun or two along the way.

Analyzing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to demystify the correlations between the aforementioned educational accolades and CVE's stock performance. Lo and behold, our findings revealed a positively scorching correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a strikingly significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that the stock price of Cenovus Energy has been inextricably entwined with the conferral of legal associates degrees, leaving us to ponder whether a juris doctorate might be the key to unlocking Wall Street's mysteries.

In conclusion, it appears that the legal education sector and Cenovus Energy's stock price are engaged in a curious pas de deux, waltzing through the annals of financial history. As the old joke goes, perhaps those pursuing legal studies and aspiring stock traders can finally agree on something: the importance of the bottom line.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar relationship between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy (CVE). We aimed to unravel whether the legal education landscape exerts any discernible influence on the market performance of this energy giant. Armed with an arsenal of statistical analyses, we uncovered some fascinating insights, and perhaps a pun or two along the way.

Analyzing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to demystify the correlations between the aforementioned educational accolades and CVE's stock performance. Lo and behold, our findings revealed a positively scorching correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a strikingly significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that the stock price of Cenovus Energy has been inextricably entwined with the conferral of legal associates degrees, leaving us to ponder whether a juris doctorate might be the key to unlocking Wall Street's mysteries.

In conclusion, it appears that the legal education sector and Cenovus Energy's stock price are engaged in a curious pas de deux, waltzing through the annals of financial history. As the old joke goes, perhaps those pursuing legal studies and aspiring stock traders can finally agree on something: the importance of the bottom line.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The world of finance often seems to exist in a parallel universe to that of academia, with the former focused on numbers and speculation and the latter on logic and precedent. However, in the midst of this dichotomy, intriguing connections sometimes emerge, much like how a legal brief might unexpectedly lead to a stock tip. In this study, we embarked on a quest to unravel the elusive relationship between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the fluctuation of Cenovus Energy's stock price. It's not every day you get to bring together the worlds of legal education and energy finance - it's almost like finding a lawyer who is also an expert in oil and gas law - a rare and fascinating combination indeed.

As we ventured into this uncharted territory, we were met with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) that seemed to suggest a potential link between the awards of legal associates degrees and stock performance. It was like discovering a gavel in the stock market - an unexpected tool with the potential to make an impact. Armed with our statistical analyses and a dash of academic curiosity, we delved into the numerical landscape, eager to uncover any correlations between the legal education realm and the stock market. It became clear that a whole new dimension of inquiry lay before us - it was as if Sherlock Holmes had decided to investigate Wall Street instead of Baker Street.

Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a remarkably strong association between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy. It's as if the stock price couldn't object to the influence of legal education - the evidence was simply overwhelming. This intriguing relationship raises questions about the potential impact of specialized education on the financial sector, leading one to wonder if perhaps every trader needs a legal counsel by their side. Maybe it's time to revise the saying to "buy low, sell high, and don't forget to consult your favorite legal professional."

Stay tuned for the results section of the paper, as we further dissect this unexpected confluence of legal education and stock market performance. It's as if we've witnessed an unprecedented court case in the realm of finance, with degrees in legal professions and studies playing a surprising role as key evidence – perhaps the verdict will be "guilty of significantly influencing CVE's stock price."

Stay well-heeled, dear reader, as we delve deeper into this enigmatic relationship.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some movies that you watched that are tangentially related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar relationship between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy (CVE). We aimed to unravel whether the legal education landscape exerts any discernible influence on the market performance of this energy giant. Armed with an arsenal of statistical analyses, we uncovered some fascinating insights, and perhaps a pun or two along the way.

Analyzing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to demystify the correlations between the aforementioned educational accolades and CVE's stock performance. Lo and behold, our findings revealed a positively scorching correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a strikingly significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that the stock price of Cenovus Energy has been inextricably entwined with the conferral of legal associates degrees, leaving us to ponder whether a juris doctorate might be the key to unlocking Wall Street's mysteries.

In conclusion, it appears that the legal education sector and Cenovus Energy's stock price are engaged in a curious pas de deux, waltzing through the annals of financial history. As the old joke goes, perhaps those pursuing legal studies and aspiring stock traders can finally agree on something: the importance of the bottom line.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of finance often seems to exist in a parallel universe to that of academia, with the former focused on numbers and speculation and the latter on logic and precedent. However, in the midst of this dichotomy, intriguing connections sometimes emerge, much like how a legal brief might unexpectedly lead to a stock tip. In this study, we embarked on a quest to unravel the elusive relationship between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the fluctuation of Cenovus Energy's stock price. It's not every day you get to bring together the worlds of legal education and energy finance - it's almost like finding a lawyer who is also an expert in oil and gas law - a rare and fascinating combination indeed.
As we ventured into this uncharted territory, we were met with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) that seemed to suggest a potential link between the awards of legal associates degrees and stock performance. It was like discovering a gavel in the stock market - an unexpected tool with the potential to make an impact. Armed with our statistical analyses and a dash of academic curiosity, we delved into the numerical landscape, eager to uncover any correlations between the legal education realm and the stock market. It became clear that a whole new dimension of inquiry lay before us - it was as if Sherlock Holmes had decided to investigate Wall Street instead of Baker Street.
Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a remarkably strong association between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy. It's as if the stock price couldn't object to the influence of legal education - the evidence was simply overwhelming. This intriguing relationship raises questions about the potential impact of specialized education on the financial sector, leading one to wonder if perhaps every trader needs a legal counsel by their side. Maybe it's time to revise the saying to "buy low, sell high, and don't forget to consult your favorite legal professional."
Stay tuned for the results section of the paper, as we further dissect this unexpected confluence of legal education and stock market performance. It's as if we've witnessed an unprecedented court case in the realm of finance, with degrees in legal professions and studies playing a surprising role as key evidence – perhaps the verdict will be "guilty of significantly influencing CVE's stock price."
Stay well-heeled, dear reader, as we delve deeper into this enigmatic relationship.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

Prior research has unpacked various intriguing relationships between educational achievements and stock market performance. Smith et al. (2017) explored the impact of STEM degree conferral on tech company stock prices, while Doe (2015) delved into the connections between business administration degrees and the financial sector. These studies elucidated the intricate dance between educational accolades and market dynamics, shedding light on the often-unexpected interplay between academia and finance. It's as if the courtroom of knowledge has been called to order, with financial data and academic achievements presenting their evidence.
But let's be candid - what do you call a lawyer who doesn't chase after ambulances? A solicitor.

In a tangentially related study, Jones (2019) examined the influence of law school enrollments on the performance of legal firms in the stock market. Their findings revealed a striking correlation, akin to discovering a hidden clause in a legal document. This line of investigation not only showcased the impact of legal education on the financial realm but also raised eyebrows at the potential implications for law firms' market valuations. It's almost as if the legal profession is pleading its case for a spot in the stock market spotlight.
And as the old saying goes, "I used to be a banker, but then I lost interest."

Turning to the realm of literature, books such as "Contracts and Consequences" (Smith, 2018) and "Corporate Courtship" (Doe, 2016) present fictional narratives that explore the intersection of legal studies and business, tangentially echoing the real-world complexities we encounter in our analysis. Perhaps it's time to add a new chapter to the economic saga, one where legal education and market performance become unexpected bedfellows. It's as if Charles Dickens decided to pen a tale of stockbrokers and courtroom dramas, combining two worlds that rarely meet in literary narratives.
But seriously, why don't stockbrokers like using the phone? They prefer the stock option.

In a less conventional approach to gathering insights, movies such as "The Big Short" and "Wall Street" provide glimpses into the intricacies of finance and investment, offering a lens through which to view the dynamics at play in our investigation. These cinematic forays into the financial realm offer a different perspective, akin to a plot twist in a gripping legal thriller. It's almost as if the stock market itself is playing a role in a larger-than-life screenplay, with legal education holding the unexpected leading role in this unfolding drama.
And here's a thought – if you're ever in legal trouble, can you just call a stockbroker for bail money?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2011 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar relationship between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy (CVE). We aimed to unravel whether the legal education landscape exerts any discernible influence on the market performance of this energy giant. Armed with an arsenal of statistical analyses, we uncovered some fascinating insights, and perhaps a pun or two along the way.

Analyzing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to demystify the correlations between the aforementioned educational accolades and CVE's stock performance. Lo and behold, our findings revealed a positively scorching correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a strikingly significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that the stock price of Cenovus Energy has been inextricably entwined with the conferral of legal associates degrees, leaving us to ponder whether a juris doctorate might be the key to unlocking Wall Street's mysteries.

In conclusion, it appears that the legal education sector and Cenovus Energy's stock price are engaged in a curious pas de deux, waltzing through the annals of financial history. As the old joke goes, perhaps those pursuing legal studies and aspiring stock traders can finally agree on something: the importance of the bottom line.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of finance often seems to exist in a parallel universe to that of academia, with the former focused on numbers and speculation and the latter on logic and precedent. However, in the midst of this dichotomy, intriguing connections sometimes emerge, much like how a legal brief might unexpectedly lead to a stock tip. In this study, we embarked on a quest to unravel the elusive relationship between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the fluctuation of Cenovus Energy's stock price. It's not every day you get to bring together the worlds of legal education and energy finance - it's almost like finding a lawyer who is also an expert in oil and gas law - a rare and fascinating combination indeed.
As we ventured into this uncharted territory, we were met with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) that seemed to suggest a potential link between the awards of legal associates degrees and stock performance. It was like discovering a gavel in the stock market - an unexpected tool with the potential to make an impact. Armed with our statistical analyses and a dash of academic curiosity, we delved into the numerical landscape, eager to uncover any correlations between the legal education realm and the stock market. It became clear that a whole new dimension of inquiry lay before us - it was as if Sherlock Holmes had decided to investigate Wall Street instead of Baker Street.
Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a remarkably strong association between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy. It's as if the stock price couldn't object to the influence of legal education - the evidence was simply overwhelming. This intriguing relationship raises questions about the potential impact of specialized education on the financial sector, leading one to wonder if perhaps every trader needs a legal counsel by their side. Maybe it's time to revise the saying to "buy low, sell high, and don't forget to consult your favorite legal professional."
Stay tuned for the results section of the paper, as we further dissect this unexpected confluence of legal education and stock market performance. It's as if we've witnessed an unprecedented court case in the realm of finance, with degrees in legal professions and studies playing a surprising role as key evidence – perhaps the verdict will be "guilty of significantly influencing CVE's stock price."
Stay well-heeled, dear reader, as we delve deeper into this enigmatic relationship.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Our study delved into the mysterious connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price, aiming to unearth any tangible influence of legal education on the market performance of this energy behemoth. This investigation was akin to chasing a legal precedent in the world of finance - a pursuit filled with twists, turns, and a fair share of surprises.

To kick things off, we scoured the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to gather a plethora of data from 2011 to 2021. It was a bit like panning for gold in a statistical river - sifting through information in search of valuable nuggets that might shed light on the potential interplay between legal education and stock market dynamics. Once we had corralled our data, we employed a series of statistical methods to suss out any discernible patterns and associations. It felt a bit like donning a proverbial judge's robe and presiding over the numerical evidence - although, in this case, the "jury" was comprised of statistical tests and hypotheses.

Next, we employed a rigorous regression analysis, a stalwart method often used in finance and economics, to discern any potential relationship between associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. We treated our data with all the meticulousness of a lawyer developing a compelling case, ensuring that our analyses were robust and able to withstand the scrutiny of peer review. Our methodological approach was a bit like blending the precision of a legal argument with the quantitative rigor of financial analysis - an unlikely pairing but an effective one for our purposes.

Leveraging the power of multiple regression models, we sought to tease out any factors that might mediate or modify the association between legal education accolades and stock price fluctuations. It was like unraveling a complex legal doctrine, navigating through layers of nuance and intricacy to reveal the underlying principles at play. We probed the depths of the data, endeavoring to unearth any idiosyncrasies or subtleties that might inform the enigmatic relationship between legal education and financial markets.

To ensure the robustness of our findings, we also conducted sensitivity analyses, akin to stress-testing a legal argument under the scrutiny of a formidable adversary. This allowed us to gauge the resilience of our results to potential variations in the model specifications and data inputs, ensuring that our conclusions were steadfast and reliable. It was as if we fortified our statistical fortress, defending against potential attacks on the integrity of our analyses - a bit like a legal brief seasoned with a touch of statistical prowess.

In the end, our methodological approach married the meticulousness of legal inquiry with the precision of financial analysis, allowing us to shine a light on the unexpected intersection of legal education and stock market performance. As we ventured into this unexplored territory, we couldn't help but marvel at the unlikely pairing of these disparate worlds, much like stumbling upon a legal advice column in the financial section - a delightful surprise indeed.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2011 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.9800949, r-squared of 0.9605860, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar relationship between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy (CVE). We aimed to unravel whether the legal education landscape exerts any discernible influence on the market performance of this energy giant. Armed with an arsenal of statistical analyses, we uncovered some fascinating insights, and perhaps a pun or two along the way.

Analyzing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to demystify the correlations between the aforementioned educational accolades and CVE's stock performance. Lo and behold, our findings revealed a positively scorching correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a strikingly significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that the stock price of Cenovus Energy has been inextricably entwined with the conferral of legal associates degrees, leaving us to ponder whether a juris doctorate might be the key to unlocking Wall Street's mysteries.

In conclusion, it appears that the legal education sector and Cenovus Energy's stock price are engaged in a curious pas de deux, waltzing through the annals of financial history. As the old joke goes, perhaps those pursuing legal studies and aspiring stock traders can finally agree on something: the importance of the bottom line.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The world of finance often seems to exist in a parallel universe to that of academia, with the former focused on numbers and speculation and the latter on logic and precedent. However, in the midst of this dichotomy, intriguing connections sometimes emerge, much like how a legal brief might unexpectedly lead to a stock tip. In this study, we embarked on a quest to unravel the elusive relationship between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the fluctuation of Cenovus Energy's stock price. It's not every day you get to bring together the worlds of legal education and energy finance - it's almost like finding a lawyer who is also an expert in oil and gas law - a rare and fascinating combination indeed.
As we ventured into this uncharted territory, we were met with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) that seemed to suggest a potential link between the awards of legal associates degrees and stock performance. It was like discovering a gavel in the stock market - an unexpected tool with the potential to make an impact. Armed with our statistical analyses and a dash of academic curiosity, we delved into the numerical landscape, eager to uncover any correlations between the legal education realm and the stock market. It became clear that a whole new dimension of inquiry lay before us - it was as if Sherlock Holmes had decided to investigate Wall Street instead of Baker Street.
Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a remarkably strong association between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy. It's as if the stock price couldn't object to the influence of legal education - the evidence was simply overwhelming. This intriguing relationship raises questions about the potential impact of specialized education on the financial sector, leading one to wonder if perhaps every trader needs a legal counsel by their side. Maybe it's time to revise the saying to "buy low, sell high, and don't forget to consult your favorite legal professional."
Stay tuned for the results section of the paper, as we further dissect this unexpected confluence of legal education and stock market performance. It's as if we've witnessed an unprecedented court case in the realm of finance, with degrees in legal professions and studies playing a surprising role as key evidence – perhaps the verdict will be "guilty of significantly influencing CVE's stock price."
Stay well-heeled, dear reader, as we delve deeper into this enigmatic relationship.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our investigation into the connection between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price has uncovered a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949, indicating a remarkably strong, positive relationship between these two seemingly disparate realms. It seems that the stock market might have a soft spot for legal expertise after all. Now, we wouldn't say the stock market is guilty... but it sure seems to have a strong connection with legal education.

The r-squared value of 0.9605860 further solidifies our findings, suggesting that approximately 96.06% of the variability in CVE's stock price can be explained by the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies. It's as if the stock price is laying out all its cards, and it turns out legal degrees are the ace up its sleeve.

Additionally, with a p-value of less than 0.01, our results are highly statistically significant, providing robust evidence of the association between legal education accolades and CVE's stock performance. The evidence is as plain as a legal disclaimer – this relationship is as real as it gets.

Fig. 1 depicts a scatterplot showcasing the striking correlation between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. It visually encapsulates the tight embrace between these two variables, leaving no room for doubt. It's like a courtroom sketch artist capturing the undeniable connection between law and finance – a compelling visual representation indeed.

In conclusion, our results unmask a notable link between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. Perhaps amidst the hustle and bustle of the stock market, the legal education sector has been quietly serving as the unsung hero. It seems that legal education isn't just about precedent and jurisprudence; it might just hold the key to understanding the whims of the stock market. That's what we call a legal masterpiece - it's not every day that legal studies and stock market performance come together in such a compelling narrative.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar relationship between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy (CVE). We aimed to unravel whether the legal education landscape exerts any discernible influence on the market performance of this energy giant. Armed with an arsenal of statistical analyses, we uncovered some fascinating insights, and perhaps a pun or two along the way.

Analyzing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to demystify the correlations between the aforementioned educational accolades and CVE's stock performance. Lo and behold, our findings revealed a positively scorching correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a strikingly significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that the stock price of Cenovus Energy has been inextricably entwined with the conferral of legal associates degrees, leaving us to ponder whether a juris doctorate might be the key to unlocking Wall Street's mysteries.

In conclusion, it appears that the legal education sector and Cenovus Energy's stock price are engaged in a curious pas de deux, waltzing through the annals of financial history. As the old joke goes, perhaps those pursuing legal studies and aspiring stock traders can finally agree on something: the importance of the bottom line.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Prior research has unpacked various intriguing relationships between educational achievements and stock market performance. Smith et al. (2017) explored the impact of STEM degree conferral on tech company stock prices, while Doe (2015) delved into the connections between business administration degrees and the financial sector. These studies elucidated the intricate dance between educational accolades and market dynamics, shedding light on the often-unexpected interplay between academia and finance. It's as if the courtroom of knowledge has been called to order, with financial data and academic achievements presenting their evidence.
But let's be candid - what do you call a lawyer who doesn't chase after ambulances? A solicitor.
In a tangentially related study, Jones (2019) examined the influence of law school enrollments on the performance of legal firms in the stock market. Their findings revealed a striking correlation, akin to discovering a hidden clause in a legal document. This line of investigation not only showcased the impact of legal education on the financial realm but also raised eyebrows at the potential implications for law firms' market valuations. It's almost as if the legal profession is pleading its case for a spot in the stock market spotlight.
And as the old saying goes, "I used to be a banker, but then I lost interest."
Turning to the realm of literature, books such as "Contracts and Consequences" (Smith, 2018) and "Corporate Courtship" (Doe, 2016) present fictional narratives that explore the intersection of legal studies and business, tangentially echoing the real-world complexities we encounter in our analysis. Perhaps it's time to add a new chapter to the economic saga, one where legal education and market performance become unexpected bedfellows. It's as if Charles Dickens decided to pen a tale of stockbrokers and courtroom dramas, combining two worlds that rarely meet in literary narratives.
But seriously, why don't stockbrokers like using the phone? They prefer the stock option.
In a less conventional approach to gathering insights, movies such as "The Big Short" and "Wall Street" provide glimpses into the intricacies of finance and investment, offering a lens through which to view the dynamics at play in our investigation. These cinematic forays into the financial realm offer a different perspective, akin to a plot twist in a gripping legal thriller. It's almost as if the stock market itself is playing a role in a larger-than-life screenplay, with legal education holding the unexpected leading role in this unfolding drama.
And here's a thought – if you're ever in legal trouble, can you just call a stockbroker for bail money?

[[RESULTS]]
Our investigation into the connection between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price has uncovered a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949, indicating a remarkably strong, positive relationship between these two seemingly disparate realms. It seems that the stock market might have a soft spot for legal expertise after all. Now, we wouldn't say the stock market is guilty... but it sure seems to have a strong connection with legal education.
The r-squared value of 0.9605860 further solidifies our findings, suggesting that approximately 96.06% of the variability in CVE's stock price can be explained by the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies. It's as if the stock price is laying out all its cards, and it turns out legal degrees are the ace up its sleeve.
Additionally, with a p-value of less than 0.01, our results are highly statistically significant, providing robust evidence of the association between legal education accolades and CVE's stock performance. The evidence is as plain as a legal disclaimer – this relationship is as real as it gets.
Fig. 1 depicts a scatterplot showcasing the striking correlation between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. It visually encapsulates the tight embrace between these two variables, leaving no room for doubt. It's like a courtroom sketch artist capturing the undeniable connection between law and finance – a compelling visual representation indeed.
In conclusion, our results unmask a notable link between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. Perhaps amidst the hustle and bustle of the stock market, the legal education sector has been quietly serving as the unsung hero. It seems that legal education isn't just about precedent and jurisprudence; it might just hold the key to understanding the whims of the stock market. That's what we call a legal masterpiece - it's not every day that legal studies and stock market performance come together in such a compelling narrative.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our study has shed light on the intriguing relationship between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. The findings of this investigation not only corroborate previous research that has highlighted the interplay between educational achievements and market dynamics but also imbue the otherwise austere world of finance with a touch of legal whimsy. It seems that when it comes to the stock market, legal education is no mere footnote; it may very well hold the power to script a compelling narrative.

The positive correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 uncovered in our analysis aligns with the results of prior studies that have explored analogous connections between academic accolades and market performance. It's as if the stock market has been quietly making a case for legal expertise, with each awarded legal associate degree adding another persuasive argument in favor of Cenovus Energy's stock price. One might even say that the stock market has found its own legal counsel in the form of these educational laurels.

The striking r-squared value of 0.9605860 further emphasizes the extent to which the variability in CVE's stock price is influenced by the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies. This finding is reminiscent of courtroom dramas where each piece of evidence gradually builds a compelling case – in this instance, the case for the considerable impact of legal education on the stock market's movements.

The highly significant p-value of less than 0.01 fortifies our results and aligns with the weighty implications presented in prior literature. It's as if the financial data itself is donning the proverbial legal robe, insisting that this relationship is not to be trifled with. The representation of legal education in the stock market's saga is no mere cameo; it appears to be a starring role that demands attention.

Finally, the scatterplot in Figure 1 indisputably captures the strong correlation between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. This visual representation echoes the unwavering testimony of the statistical analysis, leaving no room for doubt about the veracity of this connection. It's like a legal thriller playing out in financial form, with each data point serving as a riveting plot twist in the narrative of market dynamics.

In conclusion, our findings uphold and expand upon the evidence presented in prior research, painting a vivid picture of the influential synergy between legal education and Cenovus Energy's stock price. Much like a well-crafted legal argument, the data speaks volumes about the unassailable bond between academic accolades and market performance. It seems that in the courtroom of statistical analysis, the verdict is in: the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies undeniably holds sway over the movements of CVE's stock price. And if that doesn't amuse you, we might need to call in the joke police!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar relationship between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy (CVE). We aimed to unravel whether the legal education landscape exerts any discernible influence on the market performance of this energy giant. Armed with an arsenal of statistical analyses, we uncovered some fascinating insights, and perhaps a pun or two along the way.

Analyzing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to demystify the correlations between the aforementioned educational accolades and CVE's stock performance. Lo and behold, our findings revealed a positively scorching correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a strikingly significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that the stock price of Cenovus Energy has been inextricably entwined with the conferral of legal associates degrees, leaving us to ponder whether a juris doctorate might be the key to unlocking Wall Street's mysteries.

In conclusion, it appears that the legal education sector and Cenovus Energy's stock price are engaged in a curious pas de deux, waltzing through the annals of financial history. As the old joke goes, perhaps those pursuing legal studies and aspiring stock traders can finally agree on something: the importance of the bottom line.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The world of finance often seems to exist in a parallel universe to that of academia, with the former focused on numbers and speculation and the latter on logic and precedent. However, in the midst of this dichotomy, intriguing connections sometimes emerge, much like how a legal brief might unexpectedly lead to a stock tip. In this study, we embarked on a quest to unravel the elusive relationship between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the fluctuation of Cenovus Energy's stock price. It's not every day you get to bring together the worlds of legal education and energy finance - it's almost like finding a lawyer who is also an expert in oil and gas law - a rare and fascinating combination indeed.
As we ventured into this uncharted territory, we were met with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) that seemed to suggest a potential link between the awards of legal associates degrees and stock performance. It was like discovering a gavel in the stock market - an unexpected tool with the potential to make an impact. Armed with our statistical analyses and a dash of academic curiosity, we delved into the numerical landscape, eager to uncover any correlations between the legal education realm and the stock market. It became clear that a whole new dimension of inquiry lay before us - it was as if Sherlock Holmes had decided to investigate Wall Street instead of Baker Street.
Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a remarkably strong association between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy. It's as if the stock price couldn't object to the influence of legal education - the evidence was simply overwhelming. This intriguing relationship raises questions about the potential impact of specialized education on the financial sector, leading one to wonder if perhaps every trader needs a legal counsel by their side. Maybe it's time to revise the saying to "buy low, sell high, and don't forget to consult your favorite legal professional."
Stay tuned for the results section of the paper, as we further dissect this unexpected confluence of legal education and stock market performance. It's as if we've witnessed an unprecedented court case in the realm of finance, with degrees in legal professions and studies playing a surprising role as key evidence – perhaps the verdict will be "guilty of significantly influencing CVE's stock price."
Stay well-heeled, dear reader, as we delve deeper into this enigmatic relationship.

[[RESULTS]]
Our investigation into the connection between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price has uncovered a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949, indicating a remarkably strong, positive relationship between these two seemingly disparate realms. It seems that the stock market might have a soft spot for legal expertise after all. Now, we wouldn't say the stock market is guilty... but it sure seems to have a strong connection with legal education.
The r-squared value of 0.9605860 further solidifies our findings, suggesting that approximately 96.06% of the variability in CVE's stock price can be explained by the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies. It's as if the stock price is laying out all its cards, and it turns out legal degrees are the ace up its sleeve.
Additionally, with a p-value of less than 0.01, our results are highly statistically significant, providing robust evidence of the association between legal education accolades and CVE's stock performance. The evidence is as plain as a legal disclaimer – this relationship is as real as it gets.
Fig. 1 depicts a scatterplot showcasing the striking correlation between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. It visually encapsulates the tight embrace between these two variables, leaving no room for doubt. It's like a courtroom sketch artist capturing the undeniable connection between law and finance – a compelling visual representation indeed.
In conclusion, our results unmask a notable link between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. Perhaps amidst the hustle and bustle of the stock market, the legal education sector has been quietly serving as the unsung hero. It seems that legal education isn't just about precedent and jurisprudence; it might just hold the key to understanding the whims of the stock market. That's what we call a legal masterpiece - it's not every day that legal studies and stock market performance come together in such a compelling narrative.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study has elucidated a compelling and unexpectedly intimate relationship between the conferral of associates degrees in legal professions and studies and Cenovus Energy's stock price. It appears that legal education may hold the key to understanding and even predicting fluctuations in CVE's stock performance. It's as if the stock market and legal education have entered into a symbiotic relationship, each influencing the other in ways previously unforeseen. One could say they make quite the compelling case - pardon the legal pun.

With a correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and an r-squared value of 0.9605860, the evidence overwhelmingly supports the presence of a strong connection. It's like the closing argument in a courtroom drama - the evidence speaks for itself. Additionally, the p-value of less than 0.01 unequivocally confirms the statistical significance of our findings. The evidence is as clear as a contract clause – the association is as real as it gets.

It seems that legal education and energy finance may share a bond more robust than initially assumed. The implications of these findings extend beyond mere curiosity, highlighting the potential impact of specialized education on the dynamics of the financial sector. It's as if the stock market has taken a liking to the legal world - perhaps a testament to the enduring value of legal expertise in the ever-changing landscape of finance. As they say, every stock trader needs a legal counsel by their side - the market seems to be making its case.

Therefore, we assert with confidence that no further research is needed in this area. The gavel has fallen on this unexpected confluence of legal education and stock market performance. It seems that when it comes to understanding the ebb and flow of stock prices, legal education might just hold the aces.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Financial Arbitration and Market Trends


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

National Association for Economic Analysis and Optimization


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Associates Awards in Adjudication: An Analysis of the Alleged Impact on Cenovus Energy's Stock Price with an abstract of This study delves into the peculiar relationship between the number of associates degrees awarded in legal professions and studies and the stock price of Cenovus Energy (CVE). We aimed to unravel whether the legal education landscape exerts any discernible influence on the market performance of this energy giant. Armed with an arsenal of statistical analyses, we uncovered some fascinating insights, and perhaps a pun or two along the way.
Analyzing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to demystify the correlations between the aforementioned educational accolades and CVE's stock performance. Lo and behold, our findings revealed a positively scorching correlation coefficient of 0.9800949 and a strikingly significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that the stock price of Cenovus Energy has been inextricably entwined with the conferral of legal associates degrees, leaving us to ponder whether a juris doctorate might be the key to unlocking Wall Street's mysteries.
In conclusion, it appears that the legal education sector and Cenovus Energy's stock price are engaged in a curious pas de deux, waltzing through the annals of financial history. As the old joke goes, perhaps those pursuing legal studies and aspiring stock traders can finally agree on something: the importance of the bottom line.

ChatGPT:

associates degrees, legal professions, stock price, Cenovus Energy, CVE, National Center for Education Statistics, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, correlation, statistical analysis, juris doctorate, financial history, stock performance

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies
Detailed data title: Associate's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions with a field of study of Legal professions and studies
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
See what else correlates with Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies

Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Cenovus Energy (CVE) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE)

Correlation r = 0.9800949 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9605860 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 96.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies) over the 11 years from 2011 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.3E-7. 0.0000001259889685522778600000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.98 in 1.3E-5% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 7,937,203 random variables You don't actually need 7 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 10 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 10 because we have two variables measured over a period of 11 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.92, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20112012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies (Degrees awarded)116191231511862105029095801769046218564655475806
Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE) (Stock price)33.6733.8134.1728.4520.4212.5315.339.216.8710.186.14




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([11619,12315,11862,10502,9095,8017,6904,6218,5646,5547,5806,])
array_2 = np.array([33.67,33.81,34.17,28.45,20.42,12.53,15.33,9.21,6.87,10.18,6.14,])
array_1_name = "Associates degrees awarded in Legal professions and studies"
array_2_name = "Cenovus Energy's stock price (CVE)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 2906 · Black Variable ID: 1241 · Red Variable ID: 1781
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