Spurious correlation #5,920 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Per capita consumption of margarine and the second variable is The divorce rate in Maine. The chart goes from 2000 to 2009, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Per capita consumption of margarine and the second variable is The divorce rate in Maine. The chart goes from 2000 to 2009, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

Perhaps as people used less margarine, they became less slippery in their relationships. The lack of artificial spread may have kept the couples from buttering each other up, leading to a decrease in overall marital strife. That's the reality when you can't believe it's not butter - it's a recipe for marital success. Alternatively, it could be that as the margarine consumption decreased, so did the overall slickness in the state, leading to fewer instances of partners feeling like they couldn't grip the marriage.

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie: In a cozy kitchen in Maine, a couple sits across from each other at the table. The husband spreads real butter on his toast, while the wife dips a spoon into a jar of homemade jam. As they enjoy their breakfast, their contentment fills the room, and the lack of margarine on the table signifies a decreasing divorce rate in the state. The natural spread brings warmth to their relationship, and they butter each other up with love and kindness, leading to a successful and lasting marriage. Improved: Create an enchanting, whimsical depiction of a cozy kitchen in Maine, with soft lighting casting warm, golden hues across the scene. The couple sits at a quaint table, the husband spreading real butter on his toast with a serene smile, while the wife delicately dips a spoon into a jar of homemade jam, her eyes sparkling with affection. Show their contentment filling the room in a gentle, palpable glow, emphasizing the significance of the lack of margarine on the table. Capture the love and warmth exuding from the couple as they butter each other up with kindness, symbolizing the foundation of their successful and lasting marriage. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Per capita consumption of margarine and The divorce rate in Maine. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Cybernetic art Oragami Charcoal a funny image you would see on reddit An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Per capita consumption of margarine and The divorce rate in Maine, in the following situation: Perhaps as people used less margarine, they became less slippery in their relationships. The lack of artificial spread may have kept the couples from buttering each other up, leading to a decrease in overall marital strife. That's the reality when you can't believe it's not butter - it's a recipe for marital success. Alternatively, it could be that as the margarine consumption decreased, so did the overall slickness in the state, leading to fewer instances of partners feeling like they couldn't grip the marriage.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a cozy kitchen in Maine, a couple sits across from each other at the table. The husband spreads real butter on his toast, while the wife dips a spoon into a jar of homemade jam. As they enjoy their breakfast, their contentment fills the room, and the lack of margarine on the table signifies a decreasing divorce rate in the state. The natural spread brings warmth to their relationship, and they butter each other up with love and kindness, leading to a successful and lasting marriage.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie ] and depicting this scene: In a cozy kitchen in Maine, a couple sits across from each other at the table. The husband spreads real butter on his toast, while the wife dips a spoon into a jar of homemade jam. As they enjoy their breakfast, their contentment fills the room, and the lack of margarine on the table signifies a decreasing divorce rate in the state. The natural spread brings warmth to their relationship, and they butter each other up with love and kindness, leading to a successful and lasting marriage. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie: In a cozy kitchen in Maine, a couple sits across from each other at the table. The husband spreads real butter on his toast, while the wife dips a spoon into a jar of homemade jam. As they enjoy their breakfast, their contentment fills the room, and the lack of margarine on the table signifies a decreasing divorce rate in the state. The natural spread brings warmth to their relationship, and they butter each other up with love and kindness, leading to a successful and lasting marriage. Improved: Create an enchanting, whimsical depiction of a cozy kitchen in Maine, with soft lighting casting warm, golden hues across the scene. The couple sits at a quaint table, the husband spreading real butter on his toast with a serene smile, while the wife delicately dips a spoon into a jar of homemade jam, her eyes sparkling with affection. Show their contentment filling the room in a gentle, palpable glow, emphasizing the significance of the lack of margarine on the table. Capture the love and warmth exuding from the couple as they butter each other up with kindness, symbolizing the foundation of their successful and lasting marriage.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in Per capita consumption of margarine caused The divorce rate in Maine to decrease.\Make it sound serious until the end.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine

The Journal of Culinary Chemistry and Sociological Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Per capita consumption of margarine and The divorce rate in Maine. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper examines the tantalizing yet perplexing relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in the state of Maine. Using a combination of data from the US Department of Agriculture and the CDC National Vital Statistics, our research team set out to answer the burning question: does the spread of margarine correlate with the spread of estrangement amongst Mainers? To our surprise (and amusement), the analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9925585 and p < 0.01 for the period from 2000 to 2009, prompting us to butter up to the idea that there may indeed be a linkage between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Our findings suggest that while correlation does not imply causation, it could be a significant factor. We cannot help but wonder if the old saying "love conquers all" should perhaps be amended to "love conquers all, except when there's margarine involved." This research not only provides a quirky insight into human behavior and dietary habits but also serves as a reminder that even the most unlikely findings can butter our academic bread.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The study of correlations between seemingly unrelated variables has long been a source of fascination for researchers, often leading to unexpected or downright humorous findings. Our investigation into the relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine is no exception. While initially conceived as a lighthearted exploration, our research endeavors to shed light on the curious statistical bond between buttery spreads and marital splits.
The choice of Maine as the focal point of our study may raise eyebrows, considering its reputation as a wholesome, picturesque state known for its lobster rolls and scenic lighthouses rather than its margarine consumption or divorce rate. However, it is precisely this unexpectedness that adds a layer of intrigue to our analysis. As the saying goes, "the plot thickens," and in our case, perhaps with a generous dollop of margarine.
The connection between personal dietary choices and social trends is undoubtedly a peculiar avenue of inquiry. Yet, as researchers, we are duty-bound to explore the mysteries of human behavior, even if it means venturing into the peculiar and buttery landscape that lies before us. It is within this context that we embarked upon our investigation, armed with an equal measure of curiosity and a healthy appreciation for dairy alternatives.
We are aware that the focus of our study may raise a few eyebrows in scholarly circles, and it is with great delight that we anticipate the raised eyebrows of our esteemed colleagues. After all, academic pursuit should not merely churn out well-worn narratives, but also allow for the occasional sprinkle of absurdity to take hold and add flavor to our collective understanding.
In the following sections, we shall delve into our findings with the diligence and seriousness befitting scholarly inquiry. We will present the data, discuss our methodology, and draw cautious yet tantalizing connections between the consumption of margarine and the dissolution of marital bonds. But rest assured, dear reader, that we do so with a twinkle in our eyes and perhaps a pat of butter on our toast.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "Smith et al.," the authors find that a correlation exists between dietary habits and societal trends, particularly in regions where margarine consumption is high. This finding corroborates the idea that what we spread on our toast may have broader implications beyond mere gustatory satisfaction.

Moving on to "Doe and Jones," the investigation into seemingly unrelated variables reveals a surprising connection between dietary choices and interpersonal relationships. The authors postulate that buttery spreads might influence not only our cholesterol levels but also the fabric of our social interactions.

In "The Margarine Monograph" by Butterworth and Margarine, the authors delve into the historical, cultural, and even emotional significance of margarine consumption, bringing to light the rich, buttery tapestry that underlies this seemingly mundane dietary staple. The monograph serves as a reminder that there is more to margarine than meets the eye, or shall we say, the butter dish.

Shifting gears to fictional works that tangentially touch upon themes of marital discord and dietary intrigue, "The Margarine Murders" by Agatha Spreadie leaves readers guessing as to whether the homicide is driven by a dispute over butter substitutes or a deeper, buttery conspiracy. This work, though purely fictional, hints at the intrigue and mystery that envelop the world of margarine.

In a more whimsical deviation from conventional sources, our research team delved into the world of grocery store receipts, including those from a well-known pharmacy chain perhaps most famous for its ExtraCare rewards program. While not a traditional avenue for scholarly inquiry, these receipts offered unexpected insights into the purchasing patterns of margarine and its potential impact on other consumer behaviors, including but not limited to relationship counseling services and self-help literature.

These diverse sources, though varying in their seriousness and validity within scholarly discourse, collectively provide a colorful tapestry of context for our own investigation into the correlation between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine. While jest and absurdity may appear to be present in our review of the literature, our intent remains serious and grounded in the pursuit of knowledge, even if it means wading through the occasionally margarinaceous pond of academic inquiry.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Per capita consumption of margarine and The divorce rate in Maine. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Department of Agriculture and CDC National Vital Statistics . You used data from 2000 to 2009

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper examines the tantalizing yet perplexing relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in the state of Maine. Using a combination of data from the US Department of Agriculture and the CDC National Vital Statistics, our research team set out to answer the burning question: does the spread of margarine correlate with the spread of estrangement amongst Mainers? To our surprise (and amusement), the analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9925585 and p < 0.01 for the period from 2000 to 2009, prompting us to butter up to the idea that there may indeed be a linkage between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Our findings suggest that while correlation does not imply causation, it could be a significant factor. We cannot help but wonder if the old saying "love conquers all" should perhaps be amended to "love conquers all, except when there's margarine involved." This research not only provides a quirky insight into human behavior and dietary habits but also serves as a reminder that even the most unlikely findings can butter our academic bread.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The study of correlations between seemingly unrelated variables has long been a source of fascination for researchers, often leading to unexpected or downright humorous findings. Our investigation into the relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine is no exception. While initially conceived as a lighthearted exploration, our research endeavors to shed light on the curious statistical bond between buttery spreads and marital splits.
The choice of Maine as the focal point of our study may raise eyebrows, considering its reputation as a wholesome, picturesque state known for its lobster rolls and scenic lighthouses rather than its margarine consumption or divorce rate. However, it is precisely this unexpectedness that adds a layer of intrigue to our analysis. As the saying goes, "the plot thickens," and in our case, perhaps with a generous dollop of margarine.
The connection between personal dietary choices and social trends is undoubtedly a peculiar avenue of inquiry. Yet, as researchers, we are duty-bound to explore the mysteries of human behavior, even if it means venturing into the peculiar and buttery landscape that lies before us. It is within this context that we embarked upon our investigation, armed with an equal measure of curiosity and a healthy appreciation for dairy alternatives.
We are aware that the focus of our study may raise a few eyebrows in scholarly circles, and it is with great delight that we anticipate the raised eyebrows of our esteemed colleagues. After all, academic pursuit should not merely churn out well-worn narratives, but also allow for the occasional sprinkle of absurdity to take hold and add flavor to our collective understanding.
In the following sections, we shall delve into our findings with the diligence and seriousness befitting scholarly inquiry. We will present the data, discuss our methodology, and draw cautious yet tantalizing connections between the consumption of margarine and the dissolution of marital bonds. But rest assured, dear reader, that we do so with a twinkle in our eyes and perhaps a pat of butter on our toast.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To unravel the enigmatic relationship between margarine and marriage in the picturesque state of Maine, our research team embarked on a journey that involved navigating the turbulent seas of data collection and analysis. Our methods were as diverse as a mix of margarine flavors, encompassing both quantitative and qualitative approaches to capture the essence of this peculiar correlation.

Data Collection:
We began by scouring the digital expanse, harnessing the power of the internet to gather information from sources such as the US Department of Agriculture and the CDC National Vital Statistics. Our trusty spreadsheet, lovingly named "The Margarine Marvel," became the vessel for our data, housing nuggets of statistical wisdom that would later be analyzed with calculating precision.

Per Capita Consumption of Margarine:
The consumption of margarine was meticulously chronicled, with data spanning from 2000 to 2009. We delved into reports, industry publications, and culinary forums to gauge the annual average intake of this buttery alternative. The numbers were crunched, and the ebb and flow of margarine consumption were charted with the zeal of a fervent baker kneading dough.

Divorce Rate in Maine:
Simultaneously, we set out to capture the pulse of marital discord in Maine. The divorce rate, a delicate reflection of human relationships, was carefully documented for the same timeframe. We combed through public records, legal databases, and the annals of amicable separations, ensuring that our data reflected the real-world dynamics of marital unraveling.

Statistical Analysis:
With our data in hand, we called upon the formidable powers of statistical analysis to unravel the mysteries before us. Correlation coefficients were summoned from the depths of our software arsenal, and p-values were scrutinized with the rigor of a detective examining clues at a crime scene. Our calculations danced across the spreadsheet with the grace of a butter knife spreading the golden richness of margarine on toast.

The Grand Synthesis:
Finally, armed with the insights gleaned from our data, we wove a narrative that sought to encapsulate the nuanced interplay between margarine and matrimony in the context of Maine. Our analysis was a blend of precision and whimsy, with just a hint of intrigue stirred into the mix. And so, the stage was set for our findings to captivate and beguile, much like the allure of a perfectly buttered slice of artisanal bread.

In the forthcoming sections, we shall unfurl the tapestry of our discoveries, inviting readers to join us on a gastronomic and scholarly odyssey that is as delectable as it is illuminating. As we lift the lid on our findings, prepare to savor the subtle flavors of statistical inquiry, with a generous dollop of academic mirth.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Per capita consumption of margarine and The divorce rate in Maine. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Department of Agriculture and CDC National Vital Statistics .

For the time period 2000 to 2009, you found a correlation 0.9925585, r-squared of 0.9851723, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper examines the tantalizing yet perplexing relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in the state of Maine. Using a combination of data from the US Department of Agriculture and the CDC National Vital Statistics, our research team set out to answer the burning question: does the spread of margarine correlate with the spread of estrangement amongst Mainers? To our surprise (and amusement), the analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9925585 and p < 0.01 for the period from 2000 to 2009, prompting us to butter up to the idea that there may indeed be a linkage between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Our findings suggest that while correlation does not imply causation, it could be a significant factor. We cannot help but wonder if the old saying "love conquers all" should perhaps be amended to "love conquers all, except when there's margarine involved." This research not only provides a quirky insight into human behavior and dietary habits but also serves as a reminder that even the most unlikely findings can butter our academic bread.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The study of correlations between seemingly unrelated variables has long been a source of fascination for researchers, often leading to unexpected or downright humorous findings. Our investigation into the relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine is no exception. While initially conceived as a lighthearted exploration, our research endeavors to shed light on the curious statistical bond between buttery spreads and marital splits.
The choice of Maine as the focal point of our study may raise eyebrows, considering its reputation as a wholesome, picturesque state known for its lobster rolls and scenic lighthouses rather than its margarine consumption or divorce rate. However, it is precisely this unexpectedness that adds a layer of intrigue to our analysis. As the saying goes, "the plot thickens," and in our case, perhaps with a generous dollop of margarine.
The connection between personal dietary choices and social trends is undoubtedly a peculiar avenue of inquiry. Yet, as researchers, we are duty-bound to explore the mysteries of human behavior, even if it means venturing into the peculiar and buttery landscape that lies before us. It is within this context that we embarked upon our investigation, armed with an equal measure of curiosity and a healthy appreciation for dairy alternatives.
We are aware that the focus of our study may raise a few eyebrows in scholarly circles, and it is with great delight that we anticipate the raised eyebrows of our esteemed colleagues. After all, academic pursuit should not merely churn out well-worn narratives, but also allow for the occasional sprinkle of absurdity to take hold and add flavor to our collective understanding.
In the following sections, we shall delve into our findings with the diligence and seriousness befitting scholarly inquiry. We will present the data, discuss our methodology, and draw cautious yet tantalizing connections between the consumption of margarine and the dissolution of marital bonds. But rest assured, dear reader, that we do so with a twinkle in our eyes and perhaps a pat of butter on our toast.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]

ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our analysis of the relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine from 2000 to 2009 yielded some rather "gouda" results. The correlative coefficient of 0.9925585 suggests a strikingly strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables, raising eyebrows and cholesterol levels alike. The r-squared value of 0.9851723 further underscores the significant association, leaving us in a butter state of disbelief.

As for the p-value, well, let's just say it was so small, it basically disappeared like a pat of margarine into a hot pan. With p < 0.01, we can confidently conclude that the observed correlation is not merely a fluke, but rather a robust and statistically significant finding. Who would have thought that the spread of margarine is so closely linked to the spreading apart of spouses in the state of Maine?

The figure (Fig. 1) included with this paper visualizes the data with a scatterplot, providing a clear depiction of the undeniable correlation between per capita margarine consumption and the divorce rate. It's as clear as day – or should we say, as clear as a tub of margarine left out in the summer sun.

These results not only highlight the surprising interconnectedness of dietary habits and social phenomena but also add a touch of whimsy to the often serious world of academic research. After all, who would have guessed that the key to understanding divorce rates lay in the margarine aisle of the supermarket?

Stay tuned for the following sections, where we will delve into the implications of our findings and spread some insight into the intriguing relationship between margarine consumption and marital discord.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Per capita consumption of margarine and The divorce rate in Maine. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper examines the tantalizing yet perplexing relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in the state of Maine. Using a combination of data from the US Department of Agriculture and the CDC National Vital Statistics, our research team set out to answer the burning question: does the spread of margarine correlate with the spread of estrangement amongst Mainers? To our surprise (and amusement), the analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9925585 and p < 0.01 for the period from 2000 to 2009, prompting us to butter up to the idea that there may indeed be a linkage between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Our findings suggest that while correlation does not imply causation, it could be a significant factor. We cannot help but wonder if the old saying "love conquers all" should perhaps be amended to "love conquers all, except when there's margarine involved." This research not only provides a quirky insight into human behavior and dietary habits but also serves as a reminder that even the most unlikely findings can butter our academic bread.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "Smith et al.," the authors find that a correlation exists between dietary habits and societal trends, particularly in regions where margarine consumption is high. This finding corroborates the idea that what we spread on our toast may have broader implications beyond mere gustatory satisfaction.
Moving on to "Doe and Jones," the investigation into seemingly unrelated variables reveals a surprising connection between dietary choices and interpersonal relationships. The authors postulate that buttery spreads might influence not only our cholesterol levels but also the fabric of our social interactions.
In "The Margarine Monograph" by Butterworth and Margarine, the authors delve into the historical, cultural, and even emotional significance of margarine consumption, bringing to light the rich, buttery tapestry that underlies this seemingly mundane dietary staple. The monograph serves as a reminder that there is more to margarine than meets the eye, or shall we say, the butter dish.
Shifting gears to fictional works that tangentially touch upon themes of marital discord and dietary intrigue, "The Margarine Murders" by Agatha Spreadie leaves readers guessing as to whether the homicide is driven by a dispute over butter substitutes or a deeper, buttery conspiracy. This work, though purely fictional, hints at the intrigue and mystery that envelop the world of margarine.
In a more whimsical deviation from conventional sources, our research team delved into the world of grocery store receipts, including those from a well-known pharmacy chain perhaps most famous for its ExtraCare rewards program. While not a traditional avenue for scholarly inquiry, these receipts offered unexpected insights into the purchasing patterns of margarine and its potential impact on other consumer behaviors, including but not limited to relationship counseling services and self-help literature.
These diverse sources, though varying in their seriousness and validity within scholarly discourse, collectively provide a colorful tapestry of context for our own investigation into the correlation between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine. While jest and absurdity may appear to be present in our review of the literature, our intent remains serious and grounded in the pursuit of knowledge, even if it means wading through the occasionally margarinaceous pond of academic inquiry.

[[RESULTS]]
Our analysis of the relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine from 2000 to 2009 yielded some rather "gouda" results. The correlative coefficient of 0.9925585 suggests a strikingly strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables, raising eyebrows and cholesterol levels alike. The r-squared value of 0.9851723 further underscores the significant association, leaving us in a butter state of disbelief.
As for the p-value, well, let's just say it was so small, it basically disappeared like a pat of margarine into a hot pan. With p < 0.01, we can confidently conclude that the observed correlation is not merely a fluke, but rather a robust and statistically significant finding. Who would have thought that the spread of margarine is so closely linked to the spreading apart of spouses in the state of Maine?
The figure (Fig. 1) included with this paper visualizes the data with a scatterplot, providing a clear depiction of the undeniable correlation between per capita margarine consumption and the divorce rate. It's as clear as day – or should we say, as clear as a tub of margarine left out in the summer sun.
These results not only highlight the surprising interconnectedness of dietary habits and social phenomena but also add a touch of whimsy to the often serious world of academic research. After all, who would have guessed that the key to understanding divorce rates lay in the margarine aisle of the supermarket?
Stay tuned for the following sections, where we will delve into the implications of our findings and spread some insight into the intriguing relationship between margarine consumption and marital discord.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our findings provide compelling evidence to support the idea that there is a strong correlation between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine, echoing the sentiments of prior research that suggested a potential link between dietary choices and societal trends. As we spread our results like margarine on toast, it becomes clear that the butter-splitter correlation is not just a trivial matter but a significant avenue for further exploration.

Returning to the whimsical touch on grocery store receipts in our literature review, we initially dismissed this as a humorous aside. However, in light of our results, it seems that these mundane artifacts of consumer culture may hold more insight than we initially buttered them up to be. The patterns of margarine purchases and their potential influence on other consumer behaviors, including those related to personal relationships, may indeed provide a rich source of data for future investigations.

Similarly, the fictional work "The Margarine Murders" by Agatha Spreadie, though purely fictional, may have inadvertently touched upon a theme that resonates with our empirical findings. It is not beyond the realm of possibility that disputes over butter substitutes could indeed contribute to marital discord, as our results seem to suggest. While we stop short of entertaining the notion of margarine-related homicides, the humor and intrigue surrounding the world of margarine take on a new light in the context of our research.

Our results, though at first glance may appear as mere fodder for puns and playful banter, offer a fresh perspective on the intricate interplay between dietary habits and social phenomena. As we delve deeper into the implications of our findings, we may uncover layers of complexity that butter the surface of traditional understandings of human behavior and relationship dynamics.

In the words of Gandhi, "Where there is love there is life," but where there is margarine, there may just be a statistically significant correlation with divorce rates.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Per capita consumption of margarine and The divorce rate in Maine. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper examines the tantalizing yet perplexing relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in the state of Maine. Using a combination of data from the US Department of Agriculture and the CDC National Vital Statistics, our research team set out to answer the burning question: does the spread of margarine correlate with the spread of estrangement amongst Mainers? To our surprise (and amusement), the analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9925585 and p < 0.01 for the period from 2000 to 2009, prompting us to butter up to the idea that there may indeed be a linkage between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Our findings suggest that while correlation does not imply causation, it could be a significant factor. We cannot help but wonder if the old saying "love conquers all" should perhaps be amended to "love conquers all, except when there's margarine involved." This research not only provides a quirky insight into human behavior and dietary habits but also serves as a reminder that even the most unlikely findings can butter our academic bread.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The study of correlations between seemingly unrelated variables has long been a source of fascination for researchers, often leading to unexpected or downright humorous findings. Our investigation into the relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine is no exception. While initially conceived as a lighthearted exploration, our research endeavors to shed light on the curious statistical bond between buttery spreads and marital splits.
The choice of Maine as the focal point of our study may raise eyebrows, considering its reputation as a wholesome, picturesque state known for its lobster rolls and scenic lighthouses rather than its margarine consumption or divorce rate. However, it is precisely this unexpectedness that adds a layer of intrigue to our analysis. As the saying goes, "the plot thickens," and in our case, perhaps with a generous dollop of margarine.
The connection between personal dietary choices and social trends is undoubtedly a peculiar avenue of inquiry. Yet, as researchers, we are duty-bound to explore the mysteries of human behavior, even if it means venturing into the peculiar and buttery landscape that lies before us. It is within this context that we embarked upon our investigation, armed with an equal measure of curiosity and a healthy appreciation for dairy alternatives.
We are aware that the focus of our study may raise a few eyebrows in scholarly circles, and it is with great delight that we anticipate the raised eyebrows of our esteemed colleagues. After all, academic pursuit should not merely churn out well-worn narratives, but also allow for the occasional sprinkle of absurdity to take hold and add flavor to our collective understanding.
In the following sections, we shall delve into our findings with the diligence and seriousness befitting scholarly inquiry. We will present the data, discuss our methodology, and draw cautious yet tantalizing connections between the consumption of margarine and the dissolution of marital bonds. But rest assured, dear reader, that we do so with a twinkle in our eyes and perhaps a pat of butter on our toast.

[[RESULTS]]
Our analysis of the relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in Maine from 2000 to 2009 yielded some rather "gouda" results. The correlative coefficient of 0.9925585 suggests a strikingly strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables, raising eyebrows and cholesterol levels alike. The r-squared value of 0.9851723 further underscores the significant association, leaving us in a butter state of disbelief.
As for the p-value, well, let's just say it was so small, it basically disappeared like a pat of margarine into a hot pan. With p < 0.01, we can confidently conclude that the observed correlation is not merely a fluke, but rather a robust and statistically significant finding. Who would have thought that the spread of margarine is so closely linked to the spreading apart of spouses in the state of Maine?
The figure (Fig. 1) included with this paper visualizes the data with a scatterplot, providing a clear depiction of the undeniable correlation between per capita margarine consumption and the divorce rate. It's as clear as day – or should we say, as clear as a tub of margarine left out in the summer sun.
These results not only highlight the surprising interconnectedness of dietary habits and social phenomena but also add a touch of whimsy to the often serious world of academic research. After all, who would have guessed that the key to understanding divorce rates lay in the margarine aisle of the supermarket?
Stay tuned for the following sections, where we will delve into the implications of our findings and spread some insight into the intriguing relationship between margarine consumption and marital discord.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our research has churned out some fascinating insights into the curious connection between per capita margarine consumption and the divorce rate in the state of Maine. Our findings, with a correlation coefficient that could make even the toughest butter melt, underscore the unlikely yet statistically significant relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. While correlation does not imply causation, it certainly does imply a need for further investigation into the butter-splitter connection.

It appears that the old saying "love conquers all" may need to be updated to "love conquers all, except when margarine is in the mix – then all bets are off." It seems that margarine might have a knack for slipping its way into both spreads and splits, causing a stir in Mainers' lives and their breakfast routines.

Our study not only adds a dollop of quirkiness to the academic discourse but also prompts us to consider the buttery implications of our findings. Who knew that the key to unraveling familial disintegration could lie in the refrigerated aisle next to the tubs of country crock?

As we wrap up our investigation, we cannot help but contemplate whether the concept of "buttering someone up" may take on a whole new meaning in the context of interpersonal relationships. Perhaps, in Maine, "I can't believe it's not butter" takes on a whole new significance in matters of the heart.

In light of these unforeseen yet robust results, it is our sincere recommendation that no further research in this area is needed. The data has spoken, and it's as clear as a freshly opened pack of margarine – the butter-splitter correlation in Maine is no laughing matter. Well, it is a laughing matter, but also a genuine and perplexing scientific discovery.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Culinary Chemistry and Sociological Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Institute for Culinary and Sociological Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine with an abstract of This paper examines the tantalizing yet perplexing relationship between per capita consumption of margarine and the divorce rate in the state of Maine. Using a combination of data from the US Department of Agriculture and the CDC National Vital Statistics, our research team set out to answer the burning question: does the spread of margarine correlate with the spread of estrangement amongst Mainers? To our surprise (and amusement), the analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9925585 and p < 0.01 for the period from 2000 to 2009, prompting us to butter up to the idea that there may indeed be a linkage between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Our findings suggest that while correlation does not imply causation, it could be a significant factor. We cannot help but wonder if the old saying "love conquers all" should perhaps be amended to "love conquers all, except when there's margarine involved." This research not only provides a quirky insight into human behavior and dietary habits but also serves as a reminder that even the most unlikely findings can butter our academic bread.

ChatGPT:

margarine consumption, divorce rate, correlation, Maine, US Department of Agriculture, CDC National Vital Statistics, estrangement, Mainers, correlation coefficient, causal relationship, human behavior, dietary habits

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

Random correlation

Discover a new correlation

View all correlations

View all research papers

Report an error

Data details

Per capita consumption of margarine
Detailed data title: Per capita consumption of margarine in the United States
Source: US Department of Agriculture
See what else correlates with Per capita consumption of margarine

The divorce rate in Maine
Source: CDC National Vital Statistics
See what else correlates with The divorce rate in Maine

Correlation r = 0.9925585 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.9851723 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 98.5% of the change in the one variable (i.e., The divorce rate in Maine) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Per capita consumption of margarine) over the 10 years from 2000 through 2009.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.3E-8.^Show 0.0000000132967734721053640000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.99 in 1.3E-6% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 75,206,215 random variables^Note You don't actually need 75 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 9 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 9 because we have two variables measured over a period of 10 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.97, 1 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
Per capita consumption of margarine (Pounds of margarine)	8.2	7	6.5	5.3	5.2	4	4.6	4.5	4.2	3.7
The divorce rate in Maine (Divorce rate)	5	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.3	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.1

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. ^Note Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([8.2,7,6.5,5.3,5.2,4,4.6,4.5,4.2,3.7,])
array_2 = np.array([5,4.7,4.6,4.4,4.3,4.1,4.2,4.2,4.2,4.1,])
array_1_name = "Per capita consumption of margarine"
array_2_name = "The divorce rate in Maine"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Per capita consumption of margarine
Line chart for only The divorce rate in Maine
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Spreading Love and Margarine: An Examination of the Butter-Splitter Correlation in Maine

View another random correlation

How fun was this correlation?

I'm grateful for your review!

Correlation ID: 5920 · Black Variable ID: 26741 · Red Variable ID: 19802


Problem variable:
Issue:
Additional details: Optional
Confirm you are a human: