Spurious correlation #3,339 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is UFO sightings in Michigan and the second variable is Fossil fuel use in Ecuador. The chart goes from 1980 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is UFO sightings in Michigan and the second variable is Fossil fuel use in Ecuador. The chart goes from 1980 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

The UFOs were actually advanced drones powered by fossil fuels, and they were secretly conducting research on the state of Michigan's automotive industry. This inadvertently led to an increase in fossil fuel use in Ecuador as the UFOs beamed down knowledge about efficient fuel extraction and usage to random bystanders, who then inexplicably felt compelled to invest in Ecuador's oil production. This surprising chain of events demonstrates how even the most outlandish connections can have real-world consequences.

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a bustling marketplace in Ecuador, with a futuristic UFO hovering above. A group of curious onlookers gathers around the UFO, as a beam of otherworldly light shines down upon them. The marketplace is filled with an array of solar panels and wind turbines, showcasing Ecuador's newfound embrace of sustainable energy sources. The traditional fossil fuel-powered vehicles sit abandoned and neglected in contrast to the futuristic scene. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: UFO sightings in Michigan and Fossil fuel use in Ecuador. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Cyberpunk Steampunk Sci-fi fantacy Woodblock painting Charcoal
ChatGPT: Sci-fi fantasy

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both UFO sightings in Michigan and Fossil fuel use in Ecuador, in the following situation: The increase in UFO sightings in Michigan caused a decrease in fossil fuel use in Ecuador because the aliens were promoting sustainable energy sources as part of their intergalactic conservation efforts, leaving Ecuadorians no choice but to follow suit.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling marketplace in Ecuador, a group of curious onlookers gathers around a futuristic UFO, as a beam of otherworldly light shines down upon them. The UFO hovers above a display of traditional fossil fuel-powered vehicles, which now sit abandoned and neglected. Instead, the marketplace is filled with an array of solar panels and wind turbines, showcasing Ecuador's newfound embrace of sustainable energy sources, thanks to the otherworldly influence.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Sci-fi fantasy ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling marketplace in Ecuador, a group of curious onlookers gathers around a futuristic UFO, as a beam of otherworldly light shines down upon them. The UFO hovers above a display of traditional fossil fuel-powered vehicles, which now sit abandoned and neglected. Instead, the marketplace is filled with an array of solar panels and wind turbines, showcasing Ecuador's newfound embrace of sustainable energy sources, thanks to the otherworldly influence. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a bustling marketplace in Ecuador, with a futuristic UFO hovering above. A group of curious onlookers gathers around the UFO, as a beam of otherworldly light shines down upon them. The marketplace is filled with an array of solar panels and wind turbines, showcasing Ecuador's newfound embrace of sustainable energy sources. The traditional fossil fuel-powered vehicles sit abandoned and neglected in contrast to the futuristic scene.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how increases in UFO sightings in Michigan positively influenced Fossil fuel use in Ecuador.\Make it sound serious until the end.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador

Journal of Interstellar Energy and Planetary Dynamics

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and Fossil fuel use in Ecuador. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then you might move on to cartoons and children's shows that you watched for research.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The intergalactic intrigue of UFO sightings and the earthly economics of fossil fuel use have long captivated the imagination of researchers. In this study, we delve into the peculiar and whimsical pursuit of uncovering the potential link between these two seemingly disparate phenomena. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the Energy Information Administration, our research team embarked on a cosmic journey to unravel this enigmatic correlation.

In a twist of cosmic coincidence, our analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8951892 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 1980 to 2021. While skeptics may attribute this unearthly correlation to mere happenstance, our findings suggest a compelling connection between the sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena in Michigan and the utilization of fossil fuels in Ecuador.

As we endeavor to shed light on these celestial and terrestrial phenomena, this study not only broadens our understanding of the enigmatic universe but also highlights the undeniable allure of otherworldly puns and far-fetched correlations. The cosmic conundrum has left us both captivated and amused, prompting further investigation into the whimsical and wondrous nexus of UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Introduction
The enigmatic allure of UFO sightings and the down-to-earth concerns of fossil fuel use have fascinated scholars and enthusiasts alike for decades. As researchers, we often find ourselves grappling with cosmic mysteries and earthly economic puzzles, but rarely do we have the opportunity to explore the intersection of these seemingly unrelated realms. However, in a twist of cosmic coincidence, our team has delved into the whimsical pursuit of unraveling the potential connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and the utilization of fossil fuels in Ecuador.
The prospect of linking extraterrestrial encounters to earthly energy sources may initially seem far-fetched, akin to a UFO sighting itself. Nevertheless, armed with data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the Energy Information Administration, we embarked on a cosmic odyssey to investigate this unconventional correlation. Our quest not only led us to unexpected statistical revelations but also to a newfound appreciation for the interplay between the cosmic and the commonplace.
As we peel back the layers of this celestial and terrestrial quandary, our findings have not only broadened our understanding of the universe but also unearthed a treasure trove of otherworldly puns and captivating correlations. So, buckle up and prepare for an academic voyage like no other, as we uncover the peculiar and mesmerizing nexus between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use. Get ready to explore the cosmic conundrum with a dash of humor and an abundance of galactic gusto.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador is a topic that has garnered little attention in the academic sphere. However, recent developments in the study of celestial phenomena and earthly energy sources have sparked a newfound interest in exploring this offbeat correlation.

Smith et al. (2018) conducted a comprehensive analysis of UFO sightings in the Midwest region of the United States, including Michigan, and their findings pointed to a surprising uptick in unexplained aerial encounters. Meanwhile, Doe and Jones (2020) examined the patterns of fossil fuel consumption in South American countries, shedding light on the unique aspects of Ecuador's energy landscape. These serious studies laid the groundwork for our own investigation, but we didn't stop there.

Building on this scholarly foundation, we ventured into the realms of non-fiction literature to uncover further insights. In "Extraterrestrial Energy: Unraveling the Mysteries of UFOs and Fossil Fuels" by Dr. Stella Stardust, the author delves into the unexplored connections between interstellar visitors and earthly energy sources, providing a thought-provoking perspective on this unconventional intersection. Additionally, "Cosmic Carbon: A Journey Through the Galactic Gas Stations" by Professor Solar Flare offers a cosmic lens through which to examine the earthly implications of UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

Continuing the quest for knowledge, we turned to the world of fiction for inspiration, drawing parallels from unexpected sources. In "The Martian Conspiracy: Unearthing Alien Artifacts and Energy Sources" by Jack Spacewalker, the narrative unfolds with thrilling accounts of unearthly encounters and their impact on Earth's energy dynamics. Similarly, in "Oil from the Outer Limits" by Luna Lightyear, the protagonist uncovers a secret link between UFO sightings and a covert alien agenda to influence fossil fuel reserves on our planet.

But that's not all – our research team extended our exploration of unconventional sources to include cartoons and children's shows for a fresh perspective. Delving into episodes of "Scooby-Doo" and "The X-Files," we found ourselves confronted with comically exaggerated portrayals of unearthly beings and their supposed influence on earthly resources, giving rise to unexpected parallels to our own scholarly investigation.

In summary, while the connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador may seem like a far-fetched cosmic caper, our foray into the literature has laid a solid groundwork for our investigation, peppered with quirky references and unexpected insights. As we continue to unravel this cosmic conundrum, the amalgamation of academic rigor and whimsical musings propels our pursuit of uncovering the peculiar and entertaining nexus between these disparate phenomena.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and Fossil fuel use in Ecuador. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National UFO Reporting Center and Energy Information Administration . You used data from 1980 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The intergalactic intrigue of UFO sightings and the earthly economics of fossil fuel use have long captivated the imagination of researchers. In this study, we delve into the peculiar and whimsical pursuit of uncovering the potential link between these two seemingly disparate phenomena. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the Energy Information Administration, our research team embarked on a cosmic journey to unravel this enigmatic correlation.

In a twist of cosmic coincidence, our analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8951892 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 1980 to 2021. While skeptics may attribute this unearthly correlation to mere happenstance, our findings suggest a compelling connection between the sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena in Michigan and the utilization of fossil fuels in Ecuador.

As we endeavor to shed light on these celestial and terrestrial phenomena, this study not only broadens our understanding of the enigmatic universe but also highlights the undeniable allure of otherworldly puns and far-fetched correlations. The cosmic conundrum has left us both captivated and amused, prompting further investigation into the whimsical and wondrous nexus of UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
Introduction
The enigmatic allure of UFO sightings and the down-to-earth concerns of fossil fuel use have fascinated scholars and enthusiasts alike for decades. As researchers, we often find ourselves grappling with cosmic mysteries and earthly economic puzzles, but rarely do we have the opportunity to explore the intersection of these seemingly unrelated realms. However, in a twist of cosmic coincidence, our team has delved into the whimsical pursuit of unraveling the potential connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and the utilization of fossil fuels in Ecuador.
The prospect of linking extraterrestrial encounters to earthly energy sources may initially seem far-fetched, akin to a UFO sighting itself. Nevertheless, armed with data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the Energy Information Administration, we embarked on a cosmic odyssey to investigate this unconventional correlation. Our quest not only led us to unexpected statistical revelations but also to a newfound appreciation for the interplay between the cosmic and the commonplace.
As we peel back the layers of this celestial and terrestrial quandary, our findings have not only broadened our understanding of the universe but also unearthed a treasure trove of otherworldly puns and captivating correlations. So, buckle up and prepare for an academic voyage like no other, as we uncover the peculiar and mesmerizing nexus between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use. Get ready to explore the cosmic conundrum with a dash of humor and an abundance of galactic gusto.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

In order to probe the celestial and terrestrial conundrum of UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador, our research team employed a concoction of methods that would make even E.T. do a double take. Armed with a mix of data wrangling wizardry and statistical sleuthing, we set out to unearth the potential correlation between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena.

Data Collection:
Our cosmic quest began with the collection of UFO sighting reports from the National UFO Reporting Center. From blurry nighttime photographs to firsthand accounts of extraterrestrial encounters, we scoured the depths of the internet to compile a comprehensive dataset spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The data, while brimming with anecdotes of intergalactic escapades, also provided valuable timestamps and geographic coordinates for each reported sighting.

On the earthly front, we turned to the Energy Information Administration to gather a trove of fossil fuel utilization metrics in Ecuador over the same time period. From barrels of crude oil to cubic feet of natural gas, we amassed a dizzying array of energy consumption data, perhaps even rivaling the energy output of a mothership in full flight.

Data Processing:
With our celestial and terrestrial datasets in hand, we embarked on a data wrangling odyssey that would make even the most seasoned extraterrestrial wrangler envious. Our team navigated through the cosmos of messy data, cleaning, standardizing, and harmonizing the disparate formats and quirks that often accompany data from unrelated sources. Like cosmic cartographers charting new constellations, we endeavored to create a unified dataset teeming with potential correlations and peculiar patterns.

Statistical Analysis:
To unveil the potential connection between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use, we summoned the powers of statistical analysis, like summoning a cosmic force from the far reaches of the universe. Through rigorous regression analyses and correlation assessments, we sought to illuminate any twinkling stars of association amidst the vast cosmic expanse of data. After crunching numbers with the fervor of a UFO tracking radar, we uncovered a correlation coefficient that would make even the most skeptical astronomer raise an eyebrow.

The Rigorous Application of Goofiness:
As part of our methodology, we also embraced a rigorous application of goofiness, injecting moments of levity and whimsy into our research process. From scheduling team meetings under the guise of "intergalactic strategy sessions" to naming our statistical models after famous UFO sightings, we infused our research journey with a cosmic sense of humor. This lighthearted approach not only fostered an atmosphere of collaborative creativity but also added a sprinkle of stardust to an otherwise terrestrial pursuit.

In sum, our research methodology, while rooted in the rigors of data collection and statistical analysis, also harbored a spirit of curiosity, humor, and the occasional extraterrestrial allusion. With these tools in hand, we endeavored to shed light on the captivating nexus between UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador, all while embracing the whimsy of the unknown and the quirky charm of the cosmic dance.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and Fossil fuel use in Ecuador. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The intergalactic intrigue of UFO sightings and the earthly economics of fossil fuel use have long captivated the imagination of researchers. In this study, we delve into the peculiar and whimsical pursuit of uncovering the potential link between these two seemingly disparate phenomena. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the Energy Information Administration, our research team embarked on a cosmic journey to unravel this enigmatic correlation.

In a twist of cosmic coincidence, our analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8951892 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 1980 to 2021. While skeptics may attribute this unearthly correlation to mere happenstance, our findings suggest a compelling connection between the sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena in Michigan and the utilization of fossil fuels in Ecuador.

As we endeavor to shed light on these celestial and terrestrial phenomena, this study not only broadens our understanding of the enigmatic universe but also highlights the undeniable allure of otherworldly puns and far-fetched correlations. The cosmic conundrum has left us both captivated and amused, prompting further investigation into the whimsical and wondrous nexus of UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador is a topic that has garnered little attention in the academic sphere. However, recent developments in the study of celestial phenomena and earthly energy sources have sparked a newfound interest in exploring this offbeat correlation.
Smith et al. (2018) conducted a comprehensive analysis of UFO sightings in the Midwest region of the United States, including Michigan, and their findings pointed to a surprising uptick in unexplained aerial encounters. Meanwhile, Doe and Jones (2020) examined the patterns of fossil fuel consumption in South American countries, shedding light on the unique aspects of Ecuador's energy landscape. These serious studies laid the groundwork for our own investigation, but we didn't stop there.
Building on this scholarly foundation, we ventured into the realms of non-fiction literature to uncover further insights. In "Extraterrestrial Energy: Unraveling the Mysteries of UFOs and Fossil Fuels" by Dr. Stella Stardust, the author delves into the unexplored connections between interstellar visitors and earthly energy sources, providing a thought-provoking perspective on this unconventional intersection. Additionally, "Cosmic Carbon: A Journey Through the Galactic Gas Stations" by Professor Solar Flare offers a cosmic lens through which to examine the earthly implications of UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.
Continuing the quest for knowledge, we turned to the world of fiction for inspiration, drawing parallels from unexpected sources. In "The Martian Conspiracy: Unearthing Alien Artifacts and Energy Sources" by Jack Spacewalker, the narrative unfolds with thrilling accounts of unearthly encounters and their impact on Earth's energy dynamics. Similarly, in "Oil from the Outer Limits" by Luna Lightyear, the protagonist uncovers a secret link between UFO sightings and a covert alien agenda to influence fossil fuel reserves on our planet.
But that's not all – our research team extended our exploration of unconventional sources to include cartoons and children's shows for a fresh perspective. Delving into episodes of "Scooby-Doo" and "The X-Files," we found ourselves confronted with comically exaggerated portrayals of unearthly beings and their supposed influence on earthly resources, giving rise to unexpected parallels to our own scholarly investigation.
In summary, while the connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador may seem like a far-fetched cosmic caper, our foray into the literature has laid a solid groundwork for our investigation, peppered with quirky references and unexpected insights. As we continue to unravel this cosmic conundrum, the amalgamation of academic rigor and whimsical musings propels our pursuit of uncovering the peculiar and entertaining nexus between these disparate phenomena.

[[RESULTS]]
The empirical analysis of UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador yielded a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.8951892, indicative of a strong positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated phenomena. Furthermore, the calculated r-squared value of 0.8013638 suggests that approximately 80.14% of the variability in fossil fuel use in Ecuador can be attributed to the sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena in Michigan. This cosmic correlation is further underscored by the statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, providing robust evidence of a genuine link between these disparate realms.
The correlation is vividly depicted in Fig. 1, a scatterplot illustrating the compelling relationship between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use. This figure serves as a visual testament to the cosmic confluence that our research has unearthed, showcasing the interplay between celestial sightings and earthly energy consumption.
While some may dismiss these findings as mere celestial coincidence, this study underscores the tantalizing prospect of an intergalactic influence on the earthly domain. Our results not only challenge conventional wisdom but also elevate the cosmic conundrum to a new level of scholarly contemplation. Additionally, the unexpected nexus between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use has sparked a newfound appreciation for the whimsical and the worldly, prompting further investigation into these curious correlations.
In summary, our analysis has illuminated an unexpected connection between the celestial and the terrestrial, opening the door to a fascinating interplay between otherworldly phenomena and earthly energy consumption. The cosmic conundrum has left us both captivated and amused, underscoring the comical and captivating nexus between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our findings have shed light on the enigmatic correlation between UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador, offering a cosmic revelation that transcends conventional scholarly pursuits. As we navigate this intergalactic odyssey, our investigation has not only corroborated existing literature but also imbued this unconventional correlation with a cosmic significance that resonates with both celestial enthusiasts and earthbound economists.

Remarkably, our results align with the quirky yet earnest musings found in both scholarly and non-scholarly literature. The unexpected parallels drawn from a diverse range of sources, including Dr. Stella Stardust's investigation of the interstellar visitors, and Jack Spacewalker's thrilling accounts of unearthly encounters, now resonate with an empirical underpinning. Our findings serve as a testament to the groundbreaking potential inherent in the fusion of academic rigor and whimsical exploration as we unravel the cosmic conundrum of UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

The substantial correlation coefficient of 0.8951892 not only defies terrestrial expectations but also amplifies the scholarly intrigue surrounding this celestial phenomenon. Our results offer compelling evidence that approximately 80.14% of the variability in fossil fuel use in Ecuador can be attributed to the otherworldly presence witnessed in Michigan. This robust statistical foundation bolsters the compelling assertion that the interplay between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use extends beyond mere happenstance to encompass a deeper, more enigmatic relationship.

Moreover, the visually arresting scatterplot in Fig. 1 serves as a cosmic canvas, illustrating the captivating interplay between celestial sightings and earthly energy consumption. The resonant patterns depicted in this visual testament underscore the pervasive influence of unearthly encounters, sparking a newfound appreciation for the whimsical and the worldly. This visual representation not only solidifies our empirical findings but also beckons further contemplation of the symbiotic relationship between celestial phenomena and earthly energy dynamics.

As we navigate through the comically confounding correlation between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use, our study not only elevates the cosmic conundrum to a new level of scholarly contemplation but also impels us to delve into the peculiar and entertaining nexus between these seemingly disparate phenomena. In doing so, we reinforce the notion that academic inquiry need not be devoid of whimsy, but can instead embrace the unexpected and the comical, prompting further investigation into the confounding cosmic correlation that continues to captivate and bemuse us all.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and Fossil fuel use in Ecuador. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The intergalactic intrigue of UFO sightings and the earthly economics of fossil fuel use have long captivated the imagination of researchers. In this study, we delve into the peculiar and whimsical pursuit of uncovering the potential link between these two seemingly disparate phenomena. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the Energy Information Administration, our research team embarked on a cosmic journey to unravel this enigmatic correlation.

In a twist of cosmic coincidence, our analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8951892 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 1980 to 2021. While skeptics may attribute this unearthly correlation to mere happenstance, our findings suggest a compelling connection between the sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena in Michigan and the utilization of fossil fuels in Ecuador.

As we endeavor to shed light on these celestial and terrestrial phenomena, this study not only broadens our understanding of the enigmatic universe but also highlights the undeniable allure of otherworldly puns and far-fetched correlations. The cosmic conundrum has left us both captivated and amused, prompting further investigation into the whimsical and wondrous nexus of UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Introduction
The enigmatic allure of UFO sightings and the down-to-earth concerns of fossil fuel use have fascinated scholars and enthusiasts alike for decades. As researchers, we often find ourselves grappling with cosmic mysteries and earthly economic puzzles, but rarely do we have the opportunity to explore the intersection of these seemingly unrelated realms. However, in a twist of cosmic coincidence, our team has delved into the whimsical pursuit of unraveling the potential connection between UFO sightings in Michigan and the utilization of fossil fuels in Ecuador.
The prospect of linking extraterrestrial encounters to earthly energy sources may initially seem far-fetched, akin to a UFO sighting itself. Nevertheless, armed with data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the Energy Information Administration, we embarked on a cosmic odyssey to investigate this unconventional correlation. Our quest not only led us to unexpected statistical revelations but also to a newfound appreciation for the interplay between the cosmic and the commonplace.
As we peel back the layers of this celestial and terrestrial quandary, our findings have not only broadened our understanding of the universe but also unearthed a treasure trove of otherworldly puns and captivating correlations. So, buckle up and prepare for an academic voyage like no other, as we uncover the peculiar and mesmerizing nexus between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use. Get ready to explore the cosmic conundrum with a dash of humor and an abundance of galactic gusto.

[[RESULTS]]
The empirical analysis of UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador yielded a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.8951892, indicative of a strong positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated phenomena. Furthermore, the calculated r-squared value of 0.8013638 suggests that approximately 80.14% of the variability in fossil fuel use in Ecuador can be attributed to the sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena in Michigan. This cosmic correlation is further underscored by the statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, providing robust evidence of a genuine link between these disparate realms.
The correlation is vividly depicted in Fig. 1, a scatterplot illustrating the compelling relationship between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use. This figure serves as a visual testament to the cosmic confluence that our research has unearthed, showcasing the interplay between celestial sightings and earthly energy consumption.
While some may dismiss these findings as mere celestial coincidence, this study underscores the tantalizing prospect of an intergalactic influence on the earthly domain. Our results not only challenge conventional wisdom but also elevate the cosmic conundrum to a new level of scholarly contemplation. Additionally, the unexpected nexus between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use has sparked a newfound appreciation for the whimsical and the worldly, prompting further investigation into these curious correlations.
In summary, our analysis has illuminated an unexpected connection between the celestial and the terrestrial, opening the door to a fascinating interplay between otherworldly phenomena and earthly energy consumption. The cosmic conundrum has left us both captivated and amused, underscoring the comical and captivating nexus between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

Conclusion

In conclusion, our research has unearthed a correlation between UFO sightings in Michigan and fossil fuel use in Ecuador that is as strong as an alien's tractor beam. Our findings not only broaden our cosmic horizons but also shed light on the unexpected interplay of celestial sightings and earthly energy consumption. The statistically significant correlation coefficient and r-squared value point to a connection so intriguing, it's almost like we've discovered a wormhole between the heavens and Earth's fuel supply.

Our study not only challenges conventional wisdom but also adds a dash of cosmic humor to the scholarly discourse. The cosmic conundrum has left us both amused and flabbergasted, with a newfound appreciation for the whimsical and the worldly. As we wrap up this out-of-this-world exploration, it's clear that there's more to the universe's influence on earthly matters than we ever imagined.

In light of these findings, it's safe to say that the link between UFO sightings and fossil fuel use is more than just a flight of fancy. However, in the spirit of intergalactic harmony, we confidently assert that no further research is needed in this area. After all, we wouldn't want to overstay our welcome with our extraterrestrial neighbors.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Interstellar Energy and Planetary Dynamics

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The International Society for Interplanetary Energy Research

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador with an abstract of The intergalactic intrigue of UFO sightings and the earthly economics of fossil fuel use have long captivated the imagination of researchers. In this study, we delve into the peculiar and whimsical pursuit of uncovering the potential link between these two seemingly disparate phenomena. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the Energy Information Administration, our research team embarked on a cosmic journey to unravel this enigmatic correlation.
In a twist of cosmic coincidence, our analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8951892 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 1980 to 2021. While skeptics may attribute this unearthly correlation to mere happenstance, our findings suggest a compelling connection between the sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena in Michigan and the utilization of fossil fuels in Ecuador.
As we endeavor to shed light on these celestial and terrestrial phenomena, this study not only broadens our understanding of the enigmatic universe but also highlights the undeniable allure of otherworldly puns and far-fetched correlations. The cosmic conundrum has left us both captivated and amused, prompting further investigation into the whimsical and wondrous nexus of UFO sightings and fossil fuel use.

ChatGPT:

UFO sightings, Michigan, fossil fuel use, Ecuador, correlation, National UFO Reporting Center, Energy Information Administration, intergalactic intrigue, cosmic journey, celestial phenomena, terrestrial phenomena

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

UFO sightings in Michigan
Detailed data title: UFO sightings reported in Michigan
Source: National UFO Reporting Center
See what else correlates with UFO sightings in Michigan

Fossil fuel use in Ecuador
Detailed data title: Total fossil fuel use in Ecuador in billion kWh
Source: Energy Information Administration
See what else correlates with Fossil fuel use in Ecuador

Correlation r = 0.8951892 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.8013638 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 80.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Fossil fuel use in Ecuador) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., UFO sightings in Michigan) over the 42 years from 1980 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.3E-15.^Show 0.0000000000000012732738925738
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.9 in 1.3E-13% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 785,376,976,495,290 random variables^Note You don't actually need 785 trillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 41 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 41 because we have two variables measured over a period of 42 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.81, 0.94 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
UFO sightings in Michigan (UFO sightings)	12	3	7	11	7	3	7	5	7	3	11	16	4	7	24	23	16	41	55	87	70	76	79	87	77	86	101	134	136	118	119	150	229	176	175	180	128	130	59	119	153	41
Fossil fuel use in Ecuador (Billion kWh)	2.308	2.752	3.014	2.405	0.95	0.945	0.927	0.771	0.763	0.769	1.278	1.782	2.077	1.498	1.509	3.072	2.816	2.92	3.442	2.943	2.82282	3.74026	4.10122	4.1031	5.75186	5.29784	6.391	6.688	6.873	8.579	9.99596	8.5822	9.69234	11.1531	11.6128	11.5611	10.853	7.37812	8.00879	7.05198	6.36225	6.25116

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([12,3,7,11,7,3,7,5,7,3,11,16,4,7,24,23,16,41,55,87,70,76,79,87,77,86,101,134,136,118,119,150,229,176,175,180,128,130,59,119,153,41,])
array_2 = np.array([2.308,2.752,3.014,2.405,0.95,0.945,0.927,0.771,0.763,0.769,1.278,1.782,2.077,1.498,1.509,3.072,2.816,2.92,3.442,2.943,2.82282,3.74026,4.10122,4.1031,5.75186,5.29784,6.391,6.688,6.873,8.579,9.99596,8.5822,9.69234,11.1531,11.6128,11.5611,10.853,7.37812,8.00879,7.05198,6.36225,6.25116,])
array_1_name = "UFO sightings in Michigan"
array_2_name = "Fossil fuel use in Ecuador"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only UFO sightings in Michigan
Line chart for only Fossil fuel use in Ecuador
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Unearthing Extraterrestrial Energy: Unveiling the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Michigan and Fossil Fuel Use in Ecuador

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Correlation ID: 3339 · Black Variable ID: 1158 · Red Variable ID: 23639


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