Spurious correlation #3,154 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation and the second variable is Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ). The chart goes from 2012 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation and the second variable is Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ). The chart goes from 2012 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

More Master's degrees in Parks & Recreation meant more people were mastering the art of relaxation. This led to a surge in demand for Johnson & Johnson products as stressed-out individuals sought solace in soothing bath products and comforting baby items. It's as if a wave of zen swept over the stock market, buoying Johnson & Johnson's stock price to new heights.

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Prompt: Generate an image inspired by a TIME magazine cover, portraying a vibrant green park with a group of enthusiastic young adults, all proudly displaying their Master's degrees in Parks & Recreation. They are gathered around an innovative jungle gym, deep in discussion about enhancing the play area. In the background, a digital display shows the steadily rising stock price of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ). Children play joyfully nearby, occasionally seeking assistance from their parents for minor scrapes and bruises, creating a wholesome and lively atmosphere. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation and Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' A TIME magazine cover image Charcoal Concept art a meme
ChatGPT: A TIME magazine cover image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation and Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ), in the following situation: Because more people with Master's degrees in Parks & Recreation means more innovative ideas for park amenities like jungle gyms, leading to increased Band-Aid and Neosporin sales for the inevitable playground mishaps.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a lush green park, a group of young adults, all proudly holding their Master's degrees in Parks & Recreation, are gathered around a newly installed and innovative jungle gym. As they excitedly discuss their ideas for improving the play area, the stock price of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) steadily rises on a digital display in the background. Nearby, children play happily, occasionally running over to their parents for a Band-Aid or a dab of Neosporin for minor scrapes and bruises from their wholesome park adventures.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A TIME magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: In a lush green park, a group of young adults, all proudly holding their Master's degrees in Parks & Recreation, are gathered around a newly installed and innovative jungle gym. As they excitedly discuss their ideas for improving the play area, the stock price of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) steadily rises on a digital display in the background. Nearby, children play happily, occasionally running over to their parents for a Band-Aid or a dab of Neosporin for minor scrapes and bruises from their wholesome park adventures. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Prompt: Generate an image inspired by a TIME magazine cover, portraying a vibrant green park with a group of enthusiastic young adults, all proudly displaying their Master's degrees in Parks & Recreation. They are gathered around an innovative jungle gym, deep in discussion about enhancing the play area. In the background, a digital display shows the steadily rising stock price of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ). Children play joyfully nearby, occasionally seeking assistance from their parents for minor scrapes and bruises, creating a wholesome and lively atmosphere.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation caused Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ) to increase. Include one good pun.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price

The Journal of Recreational Economics and Investments

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation and Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we delve into the peculiar linkage between the conferment of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and the stock valuation of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ). Combining data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study unveils a surprising correlation coefficient of 0.9695165 and a p-value less than 0.01 for the period spanning 2012 to 2021. While the research world may have initially deemed "Parks & Rec" degrees as a walk in the park, our findings suggest a rollercoaster relationship with the well-known pharmaceutical giant's stock market performance. Join us as we swing and slide through the data, shedding light on this curious interplay between the great outdoors and the stock exchange. This study not only adds a new twist to the Park & Rec narrative but also invites further exploration into the world of unexpected market influencers.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The seemingly incongruous pairing of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price has drawn both curiosity and skepticism in the academic and financial communities. At first glance, one may dismiss the notion of a connection between leisurely pursuits in the great outdoors and the trading floors of Wall Street as mere whimsy. However, as the saying goes, "Don't judge a book by its cover" – a wise proverb that also applies to financial and educational phenomena.
While the National Center for Education Statistics meticulously records the number of Master's degrees awarded in Parks and Recreation studies each year, Johnson & Johnson's stock performance on the market has long been scrutinized by analysts and investors alike. As we delve into a seemingly peculiar correlation, our study aims to peel back the layers of this unexpected relationship, revealing insights that may challenge preconceived notions and evoke a hearty chuckle or two along the way.
Parks and Recreation is a field that embodies the spirit of leisure, play, and wellness, often prompting images of sunny picnics, Frisbee games, and wholesome outdoor fun. Conversely, Johnson & Johnson conjures images of pharmaceuticals, baby products, and medical innovations – a far cry from the lighthearted world of Parks and Rec. However, as we unpack the data, we uncover a fascinating dance between these seemingly disparate entities that will give even the most stoic researcher pause.
So, gentlemen and ladies – fasten your seatbelts, prepare for a wild ride through empirical evidence, and get ready to witness the serendipitous waltz between academic pursuits and corporate stocks. The ride may get bumpy, but fear not – we're equipped with statistical seatbelts and a sprinkle of humor to navigate this uncharted terrain. Let's embark on this scholarly adventure and uncover the whimsical connection between Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation and the financial saga of Johnson & Johnson. As Lewis Carroll once said, "It's no use going back to yesterday, because I was a different person then." Similarly, let's not be confined by our preconceptions and embrace the unexpected twists and turns of this unlikely duo.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The relationship between Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price has been a topic of growing interest in recent years, prompting a myriad of scholarly inquiries and financial analyses. Smith et al. first broached the subject in their seminal work "Outdoor Play: Exploring the Impact of Parks & Recreation Education on Stock Market Dynamics," wherein they observed a tentative correlation between the two variables, albeit with cautious optimism. Building on this foundation, Doe and Jones expanded the discourse in "Leisurely Learning: A Zany Investigation into the Link Between Slide Swings and Stock Swings," offering a thorough exploration of the fluctuating trends in both academic achievements and market values.

Venturing beyond the academic realm, non-fiction works such as "The Economics of Play: How Slides, Swings, and Seesaws Affect Stock Prices" by Nobel laureate Dr. Econ and "The Alchemy of Leisure: Unraveling the Enigma of Outdoor Enthusiasm and Financial Fortunes" by Dr. Finance shed light on the intricate interplay between recreational education and corporate economics. However, it is crucial to note that the literature converging on this unique topic remains somewhat limited, prompting this study to blaze a trail where few have dared to tread.

In the realm of fiction, novels like "The Park and the Portfolio" by Jane Stockton and "A Swingin' Stock Saga: Parks, Profits, and Peculiarities" by J.J. Marketoffer imaginative, albeit speculative, narratives that weave together the seemingly disparate worlds of academia and finance. It is within this spectrum of literature, both factual and fanciful, that the quest for understanding the curious symbiosis between Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation and Johnson & Johnson's stock performance unfolds.

Taking a rather unconventional approach to literature review, the authors also rigorously examined cashier receipts from various retail establishments, including but not limited to lemonade stands, ice cream parlors, and novelty hat shops, in search of any incipient clues or hitherto unrecognized patterns. While the findings from these unorthodox sources remain inconclusive, they underscore the boundless determination to uncover the enigmatic connection between academic accolades and market machinations. After all, one cannot discount the potential influence of jumbo-sized lollipops and multi-colored balloons on the financial landscape.

As this literature review demonstrates, the intersection of Parks & Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price is a subject teeming with curiosity, intrigue, and the occasional spontaneous burst of laughter. With this peculiar blend of academic rigor and lighthearted enthusiasm, the quest for understanding this unorthodox relationship marches on, steadfast in its commitment to reveal the unexpected and delightfully whimsical in the world of academia and finance.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation and Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2012 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we delve into the peculiar linkage between the conferment of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and the stock valuation of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ). Combining data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study unveils a surprising correlation coefficient of 0.9695165 and a p-value less than 0.01 for the period spanning 2012 to 2021. While the research world may have initially deemed "Parks & Rec" degrees as a walk in the park, our findings suggest a rollercoaster relationship with the well-known pharmaceutical giant's stock market performance. Join us as we swing and slide through the data, shedding light on this curious interplay between the great outdoors and the stock exchange. This study not only adds a new twist to the Park & Rec narrative but also invites further exploration into the world of unexpected market influencers.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The seemingly incongruous pairing of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price has drawn both curiosity and skepticism in the academic and financial communities. At first glance, one may dismiss the notion of a connection between leisurely pursuits in the great outdoors and the trading floors of Wall Street as mere whimsy. However, as the saying goes, "Don't judge a book by its cover" – a wise proverb that also applies to financial and educational phenomena.
While the National Center for Education Statistics meticulously records the number of Master's degrees awarded in Parks and Recreation studies each year, Johnson & Johnson's stock performance on the market has long been scrutinized by analysts and investors alike. As we delve into a seemingly peculiar correlation, our study aims to peel back the layers of this unexpected relationship, revealing insights that may challenge preconceived notions and evoke a hearty chuckle or two along the way.
Parks and Recreation is a field that embodies the spirit of leisure, play, and wellness, often prompting images of sunny picnics, Frisbee games, and wholesome outdoor fun. Conversely, Johnson & Johnson conjures images of pharmaceuticals, baby products, and medical innovations – a far cry from the lighthearted world of Parks and Rec. However, as we unpack the data, we uncover a fascinating dance between these seemingly disparate entities that will give even the most stoic researcher pause.
So, gentlemen and ladies – fasten your seatbelts, prepare for a wild ride through empirical evidence, and get ready to witness the serendipitous waltz between academic pursuits and corporate stocks. The ride may get bumpy, but fear not – we're equipped with statistical seatbelts and a sprinkle of humor to navigate this uncharted terrain. Let's embark on this scholarly adventure and uncover the whimsical connection between Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation and the financial saga of Johnson & Johnson. As Lewis Carroll once said, "It's no use going back to yesterday, because I was a different person then." Similarly, let's not be confined by our preconceptions and embrace the unexpected twists and turns of this unlikely duo.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To unravel the enigmatic relationship between the conferral of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and the fluctuation of Johnson & Johnson's (JNJ) stock price, our research team embarked on a whimsical yet rigorous journey through the realms of data collection and analysis. Our methodology, though peppered with statistical instruments and data sources, often felt more like juggling flaming torches in a circus – a precarious balancing act with a touch of daredevilry.

Data Collection:
Our first act in this research spectacle involved scouring the digital landscape for the elusive artifacts of information. We cast our nets into the boundless ocean of the internet, drawing in data like intrepid fishermen in search of the finest catch. The National Center for Education Statistics served as a beacon in the academic sea, providing us with the annual tally of Master's degrees awarded in Parks and Recreation studies, while LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) emerged as a stalwart lighthouse in the tempestuous sea of financial data, furnishing us with the intricate daily chronicles of Johnson & Johnson's stock performance. It was an unconventional pairing, reminiscent of an unlikely friendship forged in the fires of fate – much like a capuchin monkey and a pigeon becoming best pals in the urban jungle.

Data Analysis:
With our digital bounty in tow, we charted an unorthodox course through the treacherous waters of statistical analysis. Armed with mathematical constructs and computational tools, we navigated through the turbulent currents of correlation coefficients, p-values, and regression analyses. Our statistical sail was unfurled, and we set forth on the high seas of data interpretation, weathering the occasional storm of outliers and multicollinearity. However, much like a proficient mariner, we remained resolute in our quest for empirical truth, charting a course that would bring us safely to the shores of statistical significance.

Time Horizon:
The time frame for our study spanned from 2012 to 2021, a decade-long odyssey filled with the effervescent ebbs and flows of academic achievement and financial vicissitudes. We observed the unfolding narrative of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and mirrored it against the captivating saga of Johnson & Johnson's stock price, watching as their parallel trajectories painted an unexpected and compelling story.

Limitations:
While our methodology was as robust as a sumo wrestler in a steel cage match, we acknowledge the limitations that inevitably pepper any scholarly endeavor. Our research, much like a kindly tortoise, may have its bounds, and we recognize that factors beyond our purview may influence the observed relationship between academic accolades and stock market movements. Nevertheless, with due diligence and a sprinkle of academic whimsy, we have endeavored to unravel this engaging conundrum.

Ethical Considerations:
In adherence to the principles of academic integrity and scientific decorum, our analysis was conducted with the utmost respect for data privacy and intellectual honesty. We treated each data point with the reverence reserved for ancient artifacts, ensuring that our analysis remained untainted by ethical missteps.

In summary, our methodology may have been a delightful circus act at its core, but it upheld the virtues of scholarly rigor and analytical thoroughness, steering our research vessel through the tempestuous waters of academic curiosity and financial intrigue.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation and Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we delve into the peculiar linkage between the conferment of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and the stock valuation of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ). Combining data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study unveils a surprising correlation coefficient of 0.9695165 and a p-value less than 0.01 for the period spanning 2012 to 2021. While the research world may have initially deemed "Parks & Rec" degrees as a walk in the park, our findings suggest a rollercoaster relationship with the well-known pharmaceutical giant's stock market performance. Join us as we swing and slide through the data, shedding light on this curious interplay between the great outdoors and the stock exchange. This study not only adds a new twist to the Park & Rec narrative but also invites further exploration into the world of unexpected market influencers.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The relationship between Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price has been a topic of growing interest in recent years, prompting a myriad of scholarly inquiries and financial analyses. Smith et al. first broached the subject in their seminal work "Outdoor Play: Exploring the Impact of Parks & Recreation Education on Stock Market Dynamics," wherein they observed a tentative correlation between the two variables, albeit with cautious optimism. Building on this foundation, Doe and Jones expanded the discourse in "Leisurely Learning: A Zany Investigation into the Link Between Slide Swings and Stock Swings," offering a thorough exploration of the fluctuating trends in both academic achievements and market values.
Venturing beyond the academic realm, non-fiction works such as "The Economics of Play: How Slides, Swings, and Seesaws Affect Stock Prices" by Nobel laureate Dr. Econ and "The Alchemy of Leisure: Unraveling the Enigma of Outdoor Enthusiasm and Financial Fortunes" by Dr. Finance shed light on the intricate interplay between recreational education and corporate economics. However, it is crucial to note that the literature converging on this unique topic remains somewhat limited, prompting this study to blaze a trail where few have dared to tread.
In the realm of fiction, novels like "The Park and the Portfolio" by Jane Stockton and "A Swingin' Stock Saga: Parks, Profits, and Peculiarities" by J.J. Marketoffer imaginative, albeit speculative, narratives that weave together the seemingly disparate worlds of academia and finance. It is within this spectrum of literature, both factual and fanciful, that the quest for understanding the curious symbiosis between Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation and Johnson & Johnson's stock performance unfolds.
Taking a rather unconventional approach to literature review, the authors also rigorously examined cashier receipts from various retail establishments, including but not limited to lemonade stands, ice cream parlors, and novelty hat shops, in search of any incipient clues or hitherto unrecognized patterns. While the findings from these unorthodox sources remain inconclusive, they underscore the boundless determination to uncover the enigmatic connection between academic accolades and market machinations. After all, one cannot discount the potential influence of jumbo-sized lollipops and multi-colored balloons on the financial landscape.
As this literature review demonstrates, the intersection of Parks & Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price is a subject teeming with curiosity, intrigue, and the occasional spontaneous burst of laughter. With this peculiar blend of academic rigor and lighthearted enthusiasm, the quest for understanding this unorthodox relationship marches on, steadfast in its commitment to reveal the unexpected and delightfully whimsical in the world of academia and finance.

[[RESULTS]]
Our investigation into the correlation between the conferral of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price unfolded with surprising results. We discovered a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9695165, indicating a powerful positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables. This finding was further reinforced by an r-squared value of 0.9399622, signifying that a whopping 93.99622% of the variance in Johnson & Johnson's stock price can be explained by the number of Master's degrees awarded in Parks and Rec studies. Additionally, the p-value of less than 0.01 provides strong evidence against the null hypothesis, cementing the significance of this unexpected association.
The scatterplot displayed in Figure 1 visually encapsulates the robust correlation, portraying a near-linear relationship between the number of Master's degrees in Parks and Rec and Johnson & Johnson's stock price. As the number of degrees awarded increases, the stock price of Johnson & Johnson appears to soar higher, creating a compelling visual representation of the unexpected connection between academia and finance.
Certainly, this discovery challenges the conventional wisdom that the world of leisurely recreation and the domain of pharmaceutical and consumer goods are worlds apart. As we analyze this fruitful relationship, it becomes clear that the fields of Parks and Rec and corporate stock valuation perform an intricate dance, echoing the sentiment that sometimes the most unusual pairs make the best partners.
It is tempting to dismiss the correlation as a fluke, a statistical anomaly or a random quirk of numerical fate. However, our firm statistical evidence suggests otherwise, urging us to reconsider the interplay between seemingly unrelated realms. This newfound link between Master's degrees in Parks and Rec and the financial trajectory of Johnson & Johnson may very well serve as a testament to the unpredictability and whimsy of the academic and financial landscapes.
In conclusion, our findings not only unravel the enigmatic connection between seemingly disparate domains but also pave the way for further explorations into the uncharted territories of unexpected market influencers. The data invites a fresh perspective on the intertwined nature of academia and finance, drawing attention to the nuanced relationships that underpin our economy and society. As we continue to dissect and probe the eccentric bonds between academic pursuits and corporate dynamics, we are reminded that even statistical analyses have a penchant for quirk and whimsy.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our findings have unraveled a connection so unexpected and peculiar, it has left even the most seasoned researchers scratching their heads in disbelief. The robust correlation coefficient of 0.9695165 between the conferment of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and the stock valuation of Johnson & Johnson defies conventional wisdom and demands a reevaluation of the relationship between academia and finance. It seems that the world of swing sets and the world of stock valuation are more intertwined than we ever dared to imagine.

Harkening back to the literature review, our results stand in direct support of the zany works of Smith et al. and the whimsical exploration of Doe and Jones. These previous studies, once regarded with cautious optimism and playful investigation, now receive a resounding validation as our data unequivocally confirms the link between academic achievements in Parks and Rec and the market values of Johnson & Johnson. It appears that the playground of academia and the playground of finance are not as distinct as one would believe, and the fluctuations in both can be eerily synchronized.

As we analyzed the scatterplot in Figure 1, we couldn't help but be amazed by the near-linear relationship between the number of Master's degrees in Parks and Rec and Johnson & Johnson's stock price. The visual portrayal of this correlation serves as a vivid reminder that sometimes the most unexpected pairs make the best partners, akin to the peculiar friendship between a squirrel and a giraffe in the woodland tales of Dr. Suess.

While we initially ventured into this research with a healthy dose of skepticism and a pinch of whimsy, our statistical evidence leaves no room for doubt. The connection between the conferment of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and the financial trajectory of Johnson & Johnson is not a statistical quirk or a momentary anomaly; it is a tangible reality that defies the traditional boundaries of academic and corporate domains. It seems that the accolades of leisurely education have a measurable impact on the stock market, serving as a testament to the boundless and often puzzling influence of academia on financial fortunes.

In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on the surprising interaction between Parks and Rec studies and corporate stock valuation but also sets the stage for further explorations into the often overlooked influences on market dynamics. As we continue to unravel the enigmatic bonds between academic pursuits and corporate trajectories, we are reminded that the world of academia and finance is a stage for the most unexpected partnerships, where the swings and seesaws of scholarly pursuits can indeed sway the stock market.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation and Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we delve into the peculiar linkage between the conferment of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and the stock valuation of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ). Combining data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study unveils a surprising correlation coefficient of 0.9695165 and a p-value less than 0.01 for the period spanning 2012 to 2021. While the research world may have initially deemed "Parks & Rec" degrees as a walk in the park, our findings suggest a rollercoaster relationship with the well-known pharmaceutical giant's stock market performance. Join us as we swing and slide through the data, shedding light on this curious interplay between the great outdoors and the stock exchange. This study not only adds a new twist to the Park & Rec narrative but also invites further exploration into the world of unexpected market influencers.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The seemingly incongruous pairing of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price has drawn both curiosity and skepticism in the academic and financial communities. At first glance, one may dismiss the notion of a connection between leisurely pursuits in the great outdoors and the trading floors of Wall Street as mere whimsy. However, as the saying goes, "Don't judge a book by its cover" – a wise proverb that also applies to financial and educational phenomena.
While the National Center for Education Statistics meticulously records the number of Master's degrees awarded in Parks and Recreation studies each year, Johnson & Johnson's stock performance on the market has long been scrutinized by analysts and investors alike. As we delve into a seemingly peculiar correlation, our study aims to peel back the layers of this unexpected relationship, revealing insights that may challenge preconceived notions and evoke a hearty chuckle or two along the way.
Parks and Recreation is a field that embodies the spirit of leisure, play, and wellness, often prompting images of sunny picnics, Frisbee games, and wholesome outdoor fun. Conversely, Johnson & Johnson conjures images of pharmaceuticals, baby products, and medical innovations – a far cry from the lighthearted world of Parks and Rec. However, as we unpack the data, we uncover a fascinating dance between these seemingly disparate entities that will give even the most stoic researcher pause.
So, gentlemen and ladies – fasten your seatbelts, prepare for a wild ride through empirical evidence, and get ready to witness the serendipitous waltz between academic pursuits and corporate stocks. The ride may get bumpy, but fear not – we're equipped with statistical seatbelts and a sprinkle of humor to navigate this uncharted terrain. Let's embark on this scholarly adventure and uncover the whimsical connection between Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation and the financial saga of Johnson & Johnson. As Lewis Carroll once said, "It's no use going back to yesterday, because I was a different person then." Similarly, let's not be confined by our preconceptions and embrace the unexpected twists and turns of this unlikely duo.

[[RESULTS]]
Our investigation into the correlation between the conferral of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price unfolded with surprising results. We discovered a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9695165, indicating a powerful positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables. This finding was further reinforced by an r-squared value of 0.9399622, signifying that a whopping 93.99622% of the variance in Johnson & Johnson's stock price can be explained by the number of Master's degrees awarded in Parks and Rec studies. Additionally, the p-value of less than 0.01 provides strong evidence against the null hypothesis, cementing the significance of this unexpected association.
The scatterplot displayed in Figure 1 visually encapsulates the robust correlation, portraying a near-linear relationship between the number of Master's degrees in Parks and Rec and Johnson & Johnson's stock price. As the number of degrees awarded increases, the stock price of Johnson & Johnson appears to soar higher, creating a compelling visual representation of the unexpected connection between academia and finance.
Certainly, this discovery challenges the conventional wisdom that the world of leisurely recreation and the domain of pharmaceutical and consumer goods are worlds apart. As we analyze this fruitful relationship, it becomes clear that the fields of Parks and Rec and corporate stock valuation perform an intricate dance, echoing the sentiment that sometimes the most unusual pairs make the best partners.
It is tempting to dismiss the correlation as a fluke, a statistical anomaly or a random quirk of numerical fate. However, our firm statistical evidence suggests otherwise, urging us to reconsider the interplay between seemingly unrelated realms. This newfound link between Master's degrees in Parks and Rec and the financial trajectory of Johnson & Johnson may very well serve as a testament to the unpredictability and whimsy of the academic and financial landscapes.
In conclusion, our findings not only unravel the enigmatic connection between seemingly disparate domains but also pave the way for further explorations into the uncharted territories of unexpected market influencers. The data invites a fresh perspective on the intertwined nature of academia and finance, drawing attention to the nuanced relationships that underpin our economy and society. As we continue to dissect and probe the eccentric bonds between academic pursuits and corporate dynamics, we are reminded that even statistical analyses have a penchant for quirk and whimsy.

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Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study has shed light on the unexpected yet robust connection between Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and Johnson & Johnson's stock price. The magnitude of the correlation coefficient, r-squared value, and p-value leaves little room to doubt the existence of this peculiar relationship. It seems that the world of academia and the world of corporate finance have decided to engage in an intricate tango, much to the surprise of many.

Who would have thought that the number of individuals studying the art of park management and the stock value of a pharmaceutical behemoth could be so interlinked? It's as if Frisbee enthusiasts and medical innovators have secretly been sharing notes all along! The scatterplot alone tells a whimsical story – as Master's degrees in Parks and Rec multiply, so does Johnson & Johnson's stock price, like a double helix of academic and financial DNA.

As we unveil the playful dance between these seemingly incongruous entities, our hope is that this finding will not only bring joy to researchers but also inspire more explorations into the delightful oddities of the market. After all, who wouldn't want to uncover more surprising pairs in the financial world? Perhaps next, we'll find a correlation between the consumption of hot dogs at baseball games and the price of oil – the potential for quirky connections is endless!

In light of our findings, we assert that further research in this area is not necessary. We have unraveled this delightful mystery, and now it's time to sit back, relax, and enjoy the whimsical wonders of statistical correlations. The park meets Wall Street, and it's a match made in academic and financial heaven. Onward to new research adventures, where the unexpected rules and statistical analyses come with a side of amusement!

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Recreational Economics and Investments

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Institute for Urban Recreation and Economic Development

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price with an abstract of In this paper, we delve into the peculiar linkage between the conferment of Master's degrees in Parks and Recreation studies and the stock valuation of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ). Combining data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study unveils a surprising correlation coefficient of 0.9695165 and a p-value less than 0.01 for the period spanning 2012 to 2021. While the research world may have initially deemed "Parks & Rec" degrees as a walk in the park, our findings suggest a rollercoaster relationship with the well-known pharmaceutical giant's stock market performance. Join us as we swing and slide through the data, shedding light on this curious interplay between the great outdoors and the stock exchange. This study not only adds a new twist to the Park & Rec narrative but also invites further exploration into the world of unexpected market influencers.

ChatGPT:

Park and Recreation Studies, Master's degree, Johnson & Johnson, JNJ stock price, correlation coefficient, stock market performance, National Center for Education Statistics, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, market influencers, unexpected correlations.

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation
Detailed data title: Master's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions in Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
See what else correlates with Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation

Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Johnson & Johnson (JNJ) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: ^{See full details} Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ)

Correlation r = 0.9695165 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.9399622 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 94% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation) over the 10 years from 2012 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 3.6E-6.^Show 0.0000036413601469387146000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.97 in 0.00036% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 274,623 random variables^Note You don't actually need 274 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 9 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 9 because we have two variables measured over a period of 10 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.87, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation (Degrees awarded)	7047	7139	7609	7654	8268	8651	9010	8963	9108	9880
Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ) (Stock price)	65.59	71.02	91.14	105.05	101.71	115.78	139.66	128.13	145.87	157.24

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([7047,7139,7609,7654,8268,8651,9010,8963,9108,9880,])
array_2 = np.array([65.59,71.02,91.14,105.05,101.71,115.78,139.66,128.13,145.87,157.24,])
array_1_name = "Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation"
array_2_name = "Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Master's degrees awarded in Parks & Recreation
Line chart for only Johnson & Johnson's stock price (JNJ)
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: The Master’s Touch: Unveiling the Playful Connection Between Park & Rec Studies and Johnson & Johnson’s Stock Price

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Correlation ID: 3154 · Black Variable ID: 1333 · Red Variable ID: 1556


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