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Spurious correlation #3,346 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The distance between Uranus and Venus and the second variable is Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season.  The chart goes from 1975 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As the gap between Uranus and Venus widened, it created a gravitational pull that gave the Detroit Red Wings a cosmically unfair advantage, propelling them to victory. It seems the power of outer space was truly ice-olated to benefit the team. These stellar wins definitely put the Wings in a whole new orbit!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image that combines the style of parallax art with a cosmic ice rink setting. In the scene, depict Uranus and Venus as distant celestial objects soaring across the starry sky. Below, capture the Detroit Red Wings gracefully scoring goals on the ice, while their opponents comically slip on intergalactic banana peels. Show a tally board displaying an increasing number of wins for the Red Wings in the NHL season. The visual should convey a sense of cosmic wonder and sporting triumph. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Parallax art Woodblock painting An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' a Polaroid photo Low poly
ChatGPT: Parallax art

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season, in the following situation: Because the increase in the distance between Uranus and Venus created a cosmic alignment that boosted the Red Wings' puck-handling skills and made their opponents slip on intergalactic banana peels, leading to more wins in the NHL season.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a cosmic ice rink, Uranus and Venus are shown soaring far apart in the sky. Below, the Detroit Red Wings are seen scoring goal after goal, with their opponents slipping on intergalactic banana peels. The tally board shows an increasing number of wins for the Red Wings in the NHL season.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Parallax art ] and depicting this scene: In a cosmic ice rink, Uranus and Venus are shown soaring far apart in the sky. Below, the Detroit Red Wings are seen scoring goal after goal, with their opponents slipping on intergalactic banana peels. The tally board shows an increasing number of wins for the Red Wings in the NHL season. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image that combines the style of parallax art with a cosmic ice rink setting. In the scene, depict Uranus and Venus as distant celestial objects soaring across the starry sky. Below, capture the Detroit Red Wings gracefully scoring goals on the ice, while their opponents comically slip on intergalactic banana peels. Show a tally board displaying an increasing number of wins for the Red Wings in the NHL season. The visual should convey a sense of cosmic wonder and sporting triumph.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in The distance between Uranus and Venus caused Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season to increase. Include one good pun.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?

The Journal of Cosmic Sports Analytics

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Rhyme words in the title.

Your research team used data from Caclculated using Astropy and Hockey Reference to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and p < 0.01 for 1975 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the peculiar relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games clinched by the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. Leveraging data extracted with Astropy for planetary distances and Hockey Reference for NHL game wins, we applied robust statistical techniques to unravel any unforeseen cosmic patterns. Surprisingly, a significant correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and a p-value less than 0.01 were unearthed for the time frame spanning from 1975 to 2022. While one may be inclined to dismiss this cosmic oddity as pure coincidence, our findings suggest that there may be more to celestial positions and the outcomes of hockey games than meets the eye. This juxtaposition of astronomical and athletic data prompts an amusing consideration of whether the stars have been secretly aligning to guide the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, or if this discovery simply skates on thin ice into the realm of cosmic comedy.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the peculiar relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games clinched by the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. Leveraging data extracted with Astropy for planetary distances and Hockey Reference for NHL game wins, we applied robust statistical techniques to unravel any unforeseen cosmic patterns. Surprisingly, a significant correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and a p-value less than 0.01 were unearthed for the time frame spanning from 1975 to 2022. While one may be inclined to dismiss this cosmic oddity as pure coincidence, our findings suggest that there may be more to celestial positions and the outcomes of hockey games than meets the eye. This juxtaposition of astronomical and athletic data prompts an amusing consideration of whether the stars have been secretly aligning to guide the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, or if this discovery simply skates on thin ice into the realm of cosmic comedy.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The world of sports often seems like a universe of its own, governed by its own celestial bodies and cosmic forces. In this paper, we unveil an unexpected juxtaposition of astronomical phenomena with the achievements of the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL). As we delve into the celestial oddity or cosmic coincidence underlying the connection between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings, we are reminded of the comical interplay between the cosmos and the competitive realm of sports.

It is not uncommon for sports enthusiasts to engage in superstitious rituals or look for signs from the universe to interpret the outcomes of their favorite teams' performances. However, what transpires when we introduce the astrological dance of Uranus and Venus into the equation is a blend of amusement and astonishment. Our investigation seeks to shed light on this peculiar interplay, all while maintaining a scientific rigor that is, dare we say, out of this world.

As we navigate through this exploration, we invite readers to ponder whether the positions of celestial bodies might indeed be influencing the outcomes of professional ice hockey games, or if we are simply witnessing a cosmic comedy of errors. With that in mind, let us embark on a journey that unites the realms of the astronomical and the athletic, exploring the celestial forces that may or may not hold sway over the fate of the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then cite some social media posts you read that seem to be related.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the peculiar relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games clinched by the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. Leveraging data extracted with Astropy for planetary distances and Hockey Reference for NHL game wins, we applied robust statistical techniques to unravel any unforeseen cosmic patterns. Surprisingly, a significant correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and a p-value less than 0.01 were unearthed for the time frame spanning from 1975 to 2022. While one may be inclined to dismiss this cosmic oddity as pure coincidence, our findings suggest that there may be more to celestial positions and the outcomes of hockey games than meets the eye. This juxtaposition of astronomical and athletic data prompts an amusing consideration of whether the stars have been secretly aligning to guide the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, or if this discovery simply skates on thin ice into the realm of cosmic comedy.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of sports often seems like a universe of its own, governed by its own celestial bodies and cosmic forces. In this paper, we unveil an unexpected juxtaposition of astronomical phenomena with the achievements of the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL). As we delve into the celestial oddity or cosmic coincidence underlying the connection between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings, we are reminded of the comical interplay between the cosmos and the competitive realm of sports.
It is not uncommon for sports enthusiasts to engage in superstitious rituals or look for signs from the universe to interpret the outcomes of their favorite teams' performances. However, what transpires when we introduce the astrological dance of Uranus and Venus into the equation is a blend of amusement and astonishment. Our investigation seeks to shed light on this peculiar interplay, all while maintaining a scientific rigor that is, dare we say, out of this world.
As we navigate through this exploration, we invite readers to ponder whether the positions of celestial bodies might indeed be influencing the outcomes of professional ice hockey games, or if we are simply witnessing a cosmic comedy of errors. With that in mind, let us embark on a journey that unites the realms of the astronomical and the athletic, exploring the celestial forces that may or may not hold sway over the fate of the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The influence of celestial bodies on earthly affairs has long captivated the imagination of humanity. In the realm of sports, this fascination manifests in various superstitions, rituals, and even astrological interpretations. However, the connection between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the game wins of the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL, while seemingly outlandish, warrants scholarly investigation.

Smith et al. (2010) conducted a comprehensive analysis of planetary positions and their hypothesized impact on athletic performances. While their study primarily focused on the broader influence of planetary alignments on various sports outcomes, the specific correlation between Uranus-Venus distance and NHL game wins was not explored. However, their work opens the door to the intriguing possibility of cosmic forces shaping the realm of competitive sports.

Doe and Jones (2015) delved into the cultural significance of celestial phenomena in sports fandom, uncovering a myriad of superstitions rooted in astrological beliefs. While their work did not directly address the Uranus-Venus alignment and its potential repercussions on the Detroit Red Wings' victories, it provides context for understanding how celestial events can intertwine with the passion and enthusiasm of sports enthusiasts.

Relating the celestial to the terrestrial, "Astrophysics for People in a Hurry" by Neil deGrasse Tyson offers a compelling exploration of planetary dynamics, albeit from a cosmological perspective. While the focus of the book is not on sports or earthly events, its insights into the gravitational dance of celestial bodies prompt a whimsical contemplation of how such cosmic movements might intersect with the trajectories of hockey pucks on the ice.

In the realm of fiction, "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" by Douglas Adams presents a satirical take on intergalactic happenings, weaving a tapestry of cosmic absurdity. Though the book stands firmly in the realm of science fiction, its irreverent portrayal of the universe bears thematic relevance to the unexpected collision of Uranus and Venus with the world of NHL victories.

Furthermore, a social media user, under the pseudonym @HockeyAstrologer, expressed an anecdotal observation linking the alignment of Uranus and Venus with hockey game outcomes, albeit in a lighthearted manner. While not a formal scientific publication, this anecdotal remark underscores the playful speculation surrounding the potential impact of celestial configurations on the achievements of sports teams.

As we navigate through this cosmic cavalcade of literature, the stage is set for a delightful romp into the mysterious dance of the planets and the victories of the Detroit Red Wings. While our scholarly pursuit maintains a resolute commitment to scientific inquiry, we cannot help but entertain the whimsy inherent in this peculiar convergence of the astronomical and the athletic realms.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Caclculated using Astropy and Hockey Reference . You used data from 1975 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the peculiar relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games clinched by the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. Leveraging data extracted with Astropy for planetary distances and Hockey Reference for NHL game wins, we applied robust statistical techniques to unravel any unforeseen cosmic patterns. Surprisingly, a significant correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and a p-value less than 0.01 were unearthed for the time frame spanning from 1975 to 2022. While one may be inclined to dismiss this cosmic oddity as pure coincidence, our findings suggest that there may be more to celestial positions and the outcomes of hockey games than meets the eye. This juxtaposition of astronomical and athletic data prompts an amusing consideration of whether the stars have been secretly aligning to guide the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, or if this discovery simply skates on thin ice into the realm of cosmic comedy.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of sports often seems like a universe of its own, governed by its own celestial bodies and cosmic forces. In this paper, we unveil an unexpected juxtaposition of astronomical phenomena with the achievements of the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL). As we delve into the celestial oddity or cosmic coincidence underlying the connection between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings, we are reminded of the comical interplay between the cosmos and the competitive realm of sports.
It is not uncommon for sports enthusiasts to engage in superstitious rituals or look for signs from the universe to interpret the outcomes of their favorite teams' performances. However, what transpires when we introduce the astrological dance of Uranus and Venus into the equation is a blend of amusement and astonishment. Our investigation seeks to shed light on this peculiar interplay, all while maintaining a scientific rigor that is, dare we say, out of this world.
As we navigate through this exploration, we invite readers to ponder whether the positions of celestial bodies might indeed be influencing the outcomes of professional ice hockey games, or if we are simply witnessing a cosmic comedy of errors. With that in mind, let us embark on a journey that unites the realms of the astronomical and the athletic, exploring the celestial forces that may or may not hold sway over the fate of the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To investigate the potential celestial impact on the Detroit Red Wings' NHL game wins, our research team embarked on a methodological journey as whimsical as it was rigorous, seeking to align the meticulous gaze of scientific inquiry with the playful unpredictability of the celestial realm. Our data collection process involved obtaining detailed information on the distance between Uranus and Venus from Astropy, a cosmic repository of planetary positions, and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings from Hockey Reference, a veritable constellation of hockey statistics.

The first step in our methodological odyssey was to sift through the astronomical data with the precision of a cosmic cartographer. Leveraging the celestial insights offered by Astropy, we extracted the exact distances between Uranus and Venus for each NHL season from 1975 to 2022. This process involved navigating nebulous data sets and astronomical intricacies, akin to tracing constellations across the night sky, and culminated in the acquisition of a comprehensive dataset capturing celestial distances in astronomical units.

Following the astronomical escapade, we embarked on a terrestrial expedition through the hockey statistics terrain, relying on the abundant resources of Hockey Reference to tally the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings over the same timeframe. This process entailed traversing the statistical ice rinks of NHL history, navigating the ebbs and flows of team performances, and compiling a comprehensive dataset akin to charting the trajectory of a puck across a cosmic hockey rink.

With our celestial and athletic datasets in hand, we then engaged in a statistical tango, employing robust techniques to discern any potential correlation between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the Detroit Red Wings' NHL game wins. Our statistical analysis, resembling a cosmic pas de deux, involved calculating correlation coefficients, p-values, and conducting regression analyses to decipher any cosmic irony or celestial synchrony hiding within the data. Our quest was to unravel any unseen dances between the celestial bodies and the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, all while maintaining a scientific rigor that was as unassailable as the orbit of the planets themselves.

This methodological expedition, punctuated by the juxtaposition of the celestial and the terrestrial, carried us through the cosmos and the hockey rinks, blending statistical acumen with a touch of cosmic curiosity. As we boldly delved into the interplay between Uranus and Venus and the triumphs of the Detroit Red Wings, our aim was not only to illuminate any astronomical influences on athletic achievements but also to infuse the scientific pursuit with a spirit of cosmic whimsy.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Caclculated using Astropy and Hockey Reference .

For the time period 1975 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.5945835, r-squared of 0.3535296, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the peculiar relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games clinched by the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. Leveraging data extracted with Astropy for planetary distances and Hockey Reference for NHL game wins, we applied robust statistical techniques to unravel any unforeseen cosmic patterns. Surprisingly, a significant correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and a p-value less than 0.01 were unearthed for the time frame spanning from 1975 to 2022. While one may be inclined to dismiss this cosmic oddity as pure coincidence, our findings suggest that there may be more to celestial positions and the outcomes of hockey games than meets the eye. This juxtaposition of astronomical and athletic data prompts an amusing consideration of whether the stars have been secretly aligning to guide the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, or if this discovery simply skates on thin ice into the realm of cosmic comedy.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The world of sports often seems like a universe of its own, governed by its own celestial bodies and cosmic forces. In this paper, we unveil an unexpected juxtaposition of astronomical phenomena with the achievements of the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL). As we delve into the celestial oddity or cosmic coincidence underlying the connection between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings, we are reminded of the comical interplay between the cosmos and the competitive realm of sports.
It is not uncommon for sports enthusiasts to engage in superstitious rituals or look for signs from the universe to interpret the outcomes of their favorite teams' performances. However, what transpires when we introduce the astrological dance of Uranus and Venus into the equation is a blend of amusement and astonishment. Our investigation seeks to shed light on this peculiar interplay, all while maintaining a scientific rigor that is, dare we say, out of this world.
As we navigate through this exploration, we invite readers to ponder whether the positions of celestial bodies might indeed be influencing the outcomes of professional ice hockey games, or if we are simply witnessing a cosmic comedy of errors. With that in mind, let us embark on a journey that unites the realms of the astronomical and the athletic, exploring the celestial forces that may or may not hold sway over the fate of the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

We found a moderate positive correlation between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL seasons from 1975 to 2022. The correlation coefficient was determined to be 0.5945835, indicating a significant relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) was calculated to be 0.3535296, suggesting that approximately 35% of the variability in the Detroit Red Wings' game wins can be explained by the distance between Uranus and Venus. Notably, the p-value was less than 0.01, indicating that the observed correlation is unlikely to be a chance occurrence and is statistically significant.

The scatterplot displayed in Figure 1 visually illustrates the strong correlation between the Uranus-Venus distance and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings, further corroborating our findings. The scatterplot is indeed striking, depicting the quirky association between celestial positions and earthly hockey victories.

These results prompt us to contemplate the cosmic ballet that may be silently choreographing the fate of the Detroit Red Wings on the ice. While we initially set out to investigate a peculiar oddity, the unexpected strength of the correlation beckons for a closer examination of potential cosmic influences on athletic outcomes. It seems that the stars have aligned, quite literally, to present us with this celestial oddity - or, as some may jest, a cosmic comedy unfolding in the NHL standings.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the peculiar relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games clinched by the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. Leveraging data extracted with Astropy for planetary distances and Hockey Reference for NHL game wins, we applied robust statistical techniques to unravel any unforeseen cosmic patterns. Surprisingly, a significant correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and a p-value less than 0.01 were unearthed for the time frame spanning from 1975 to 2022. While one may be inclined to dismiss this cosmic oddity as pure coincidence, our findings suggest that there may be more to celestial positions and the outcomes of hockey games than meets the eye. This juxtaposition of astronomical and athletic data prompts an amusing consideration of whether the stars have been secretly aligning to guide the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, or if this discovery simply skates on thin ice into the realm of cosmic comedy.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The influence of celestial bodies on earthly affairs has long captivated the imagination of humanity. In the realm of sports, this fascination manifests in various superstitions, rituals, and even astrological interpretations. However, the connection between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the game wins of the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL, while seemingly outlandish, warrants scholarly investigation.
Smith et al. (2010) conducted a comprehensive analysis of planetary positions and their hypothesized impact on athletic performances. While their study primarily focused on the broader influence of planetary alignments on various sports outcomes, the specific correlation between Uranus-Venus distance and NHL game wins was not explored. However, their work opens the door to the intriguing possibility of cosmic forces shaping the realm of competitive sports.
Doe and Jones (2015) delved into the cultural significance of celestial phenomena in sports fandom, uncovering a myriad of superstitions rooted in astrological beliefs. While their work did not directly address the Uranus-Venus alignment and its potential repercussions on the Detroit Red Wings' victories, it provides context for understanding how celestial events can intertwine with the passion and enthusiasm of sports enthusiasts.
Relating the celestial to the terrestrial, "Astrophysics for People in a Hurry" by Neil deGrasse Tyson offers a compelling exploration of planetary dynamics, albeit from a cosmological perspective. While the focus of the book is not on sports or earthly events, its insights into the gravitational dance of celestial bodies prompt a whimsical contemplation of how such cosmic movements might intersect with the trajectories of hockey pucks on the ice.
In the realm of fiction, "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" by Douglas Adams presents a satirical take on intergalactic happenings, weaving a tapestry of cosmic absurdity. Though the book stands firmly in the realm of science fiction, its irreverent portrayal of the universe bears thematic relevance to the unexpected collision of Uranus and Venus with the world of NHL victories.
Furthermore, a social media user, under the pseudonym @HockeyAstrologer, expressed an anecdotal observation linking the alignment of Uranus and Venus with hockey game outcomes, albeit in a lighthearted manner. While not a formal scientific publication, this anecdotal remark underscores the playful speculation surrounding the potential impact of celestial configurations on the achievements of sports teams.
As we navigate through this cosmic cavalcade of literature, the stage is set for a delightful romp into the mysterious dance of the planets and the victories of the Detroit Red Wings. While our scholarly pursuit maintains a resolute commitment to scientific inquiry, we cannot help but entertain the whimsy inherent in this peculiar convergence of the astronomical and the athletic realms.

[[RESULTS]]
We found a moderate positive correlation between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL seasons from 1975 to 2022. The correlation coefficient was determined to be 0.5945835, indicating a significant relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) was calculated to be 0.3535296, suggesting that approximately 35% of the variability in the Detroit Red Wings' game wins can be explained by the distance between Uranus and Venus. Notably, the p-value was less than 0.01, indicating that the observed correlation is unlikely to be a chance occurrence and is statistically significant.
The scatterplot displayed in Figure 1 visually illustrates the strong correlation between the Uranus-Venus distance and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings, further corroborating our findings. The scatterplot is indeed striking, depicting the quirky association between celestial positions and earthly hockey victories.
These results prompt us to contemplate the cosmic ballet that may be silently choreographing the fate of the Detroit Red Wings on the ice. While we initially set out to investigate a peculiar oddity, the unexpected strength of the correlation beckons for a closer examination of potential cosmic influences on athletic outcomes. It seems that the stars have aligned, quite literally, to present us with this celestial oddity - or, as some may jest, a cosmic comedy unfolding in the NHL standings.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The in-depth analysis of the relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the game wins of the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL seasons has yielded intriguing results. Our findings not only substantiate the whimsical speculations presented in the literature review but also raise interesting questions about the potential interplay of cosmic forces in the realm of competitive sports.

The literature review playfully introduced the idea of a cosmic ballet choreographing the fate of the Detroit Red Wings on the ice. While this notion may initially elicit a chuckle, our results evoke a sobering reassessment of the possibility. The moderate positive correlation we uncovered between these celestial and athletic variables defies mere happenstance, echoing the thematic musings of "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy." This peculiar convergence of planetary dynamics and NHL victories sparks a renewed appreciation for the nuanced interplay of cosmic absurdity and statistical significance.

Our findings have provided empirical support for the celestial oddity suggested by @HockeyAstrologer, despite its lighthearted origins. While not a formal scientific publication, this anecdotal remark offers a serendipitous parallel to our statistically grounded discovery, underscoring the subtle—and at times humorous—intersections of the astronomical and the athletic. Similarly, the astrophysical insights of Neil deGrasse Tyson, although not intended to elucidate sports outcomes, invite a contemplation of how cosmic movements might intersect with earthly events, including the trajectories of hockey pucks on the ice rink.

In a literary twist of fate, our results align with the playful rhetoric of cosmic comedy, as portrayed in "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy." The statistical robustness of the observed correlation challenges us to balance scientific rigor with an appreciation for the delightful whimsy inherent in this cosmic confluence. As we navigate this peculiar cosmic odyssey, the time has come to linger in the delightful intersection of the astronomical and the athletic, satisfying our scholarly curiosity while embracing the cosmic absurdity that appears to underpin the wins and losses of the NHL season.

This unexpected alignment of planetary positions and NHL victories beckons for continued exploration, inviting researchers to ponder the potential influence of celestial phenomena on earthly endeavors. While the idea of a celestial oddity guiding the Detroit Red Wings' performance may evoke amusement, the statistical significance of our findings prompts a reevaluation of what constitutes cosmic coincidence. Our scholarly pursuit of scientific inquiry, flavored with a touch of celestial whimsy, propels us into uncharted territory where the cosmic and the comedic converge in the hallowed halls of statistical analysis.

Our findings, while initially evoking a tinge of planetary playfulness, prompt serious contemplation of the inexplicable dance of the celestial bodies and their impact on the earthly triumphs of professional sports. Thus, while we refrain from reaching a definitive conclusion, our study ignites a delightful yet compelling conversation at the intersection of the astronomical and the athletic, anchoring our scholarly endeavors in the gravitational pull of cosmic curiosity and amusement.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Uranus and Venus and Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the peculiar relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games clinched by the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. Leveraging data extracted with Astropy for planetary distances and Hockey Reference for NHL game wins, we applied robust statistical techniques to unravel any unforeseen cosmic patterns. Surprisingly, a significant correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and a p-value less than 0.01 were unearthed for the time frame spanning from 1975 to 2022. While one may be inclined to dismiss this cosmic oddity as pure coincidence, our findings suggest that there may be more to celestial positions and the outcomes of hockey games than meets the eye. This juxtaposition of astronomical and athletic data prompts an amusing consideration of whether the stars have been secretly aligning to guide the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, or if this discovery simply skates on thin ice into the realm of cosmic comedy.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The world of sports often seems like a universe of its own, governed by its own celestial bodies and cosmic forces. In this paper, we unveil an unexpected juxtaposition of astronomical phenomena with the achievements of the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL). As we delve into the celestial oddity or cosmic coincidence underlying the connection between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings, we are reminded of the comical interplay between the cosmos and the competitive realm of sports.
It is not uncommon for sports enthusiasts to engage in superstitious rituals or look for signs from the universe to interpret the outcomes of their favorite teams' performances. However, what transpires when we introduce the astrological dance of Uranus and Venus into the equation is a blend of amusement and astonishment. Our investigation seeks to shed light on this peculiar interplay, all while maintaining a scientific rigor that is, dare we say, out of this world.
As we navigate through this exploration, we invite readers to ponder whether the positions of celestial bodies might indeed be influencing the outcomes of professional ice hockey games, or if we are simply witnessing a cosmic comedy of errors. With that in mind, let us embark on a journey that unites the realms of the astronomical and the athletic, exploring the celestial forces that may or may not hold sway over the fate of the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL.

[[RESULTS]]
We found a moderate positive correlation between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL seasons from 1975 to 2022. The correlation coefficient was determined to be 0.5945835, indicating a significant relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) was calculated to be 0.3535296, suggesting that approximately 35% of the variability in the Detroit Red Wings' game wins can be explained by the distance between Uranus and Venus. Notably, the p-value was less than 0.01, indicating that the observed correlation is unlikely to be a chance occurrence and is statistically significant.
The scatterplot displayed in Figure 1 visually illustrates the strong correlation between the Uranus-Venus distance and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings, further corroborating our findings. The scatterplot is indeed striking, depicting the quirky association between celestial positions and earthly hockey victories.
These results prompt us to contemplate the cosmic ballet that may be silently choreographing the fate of the Detroit Red Wings on the ice. While we initially set out to investigate a peculiar oddity, the unexpected strength of the correlation beckons for a closer examination of potential cosmic influences on athletic outcomes. It seems that the stars have aligned, quite literally, to present us with this celestial oddity - or, as some may jest, a cosmic comedy unfolding in the NHL standings.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study has unveiled a rather peculiar correlation between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games won by the Detroit Red Wings in the NHL seasons. Surprisingly, we have found a statistically significant relationship, suggesting that there may be more to celestial positions and athletic achievements than mere happenstance. While this correlation may seem as far-fetched as a comet sighting at center ice, the data paints a vivid picture of this cosmic anomaly. The implications of this unearthed relationship are as baffling as trying to skate on a frozen asteroid - it challenges our conventional understanding of the influences on sports outcomes.

The comical nature of this discovery is not lost on us, as we ponder whether the planets are secretly engaged in hockey fandom, cheering on the Detroit Red Wings from their celestial perches. While this study has certainly added an extra dimension to sports analytics, we must acknowledge the limitations of our findings. The cosmic dance between Uranus and Venus may be captivating, but it is crucial to approach this correlation with a healthy dose of skepticism, no matter how much it may tickle our scientific funny bone.

Thus, in the spirit of intergalactic good humor, we declare that further research into this celestial oddity and its influence on the Detroit Red Wings' performance is not a pressing need. After all, we wouldn't want to overreach and risk falling into a black hole of outlandish conjecture. Let's leave this cosmic joke right where it belongs – in the realm of delightful speculation. While the stars may continue to twinkle mischievously above, we can rest assured that the fate of the Detroit Red Wings remains firmly in the hands of their earthly efforts, on the ice rather than among the stars.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Cosmic Sports Analytics


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence?. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

Interstellar Planetary Research Institute


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Influence of Uranus-Venus Distance on Detroit Red Wings' NHL Game Wins: A Celestial Oddity or Cosmic Coincidence? with an abstract of This study investigates the peculiar relationship between the distance separating Uranus and Venus and the number of games clinched by the Detroit Red Wings in the National Hockey League (NHL) seasons. Leveraging data extracted with Astropy for planetary distances and Hockey Reference for NHL game wins, we applied robust statistical techniques to unravel any unforeseen cosmic patterns. Surprisingly, a significant correlation coefficient of 0.5945835 and a p-value less than 0.01 were unearthed for the time frame spanning from 1975 to 2022. While one may be inclined to dismiss this cosmic oddity as pure coincidence, our findings suggest that there may be more to celestial positions and the outcomes of hockey games than meets the eye. This juxtaposition of astronomical and athletic data prompts an amusing consideration of whether the stars have been secretly aligning to guide the performance of the Detroit Red Wings, or if this discovery simply skates on thin ice into the realm of cosmic comedy.

ChatGPT:

Uranus, Venus, distance, Detroit Red Wings, NHL, game wins, celestial, oddity, cosmic, coincidence, Astropy, planetary distances, Hockey Reference, statistical techniques, correlation coefficient, p-value, 1975-2022, astronomical, athletic data, stars, aligning, performance

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

The distance between Uranus and Venus
Detailed data title: The average distance between Uranus and Venus as measured on the first day of each month
Source: Caclculated using Astropy
Additional Info: I wrote a Python script using Astropy to calculate the distance between the named planets on the first day of each month for every year.

See what else correlates with The distance between Uranus and Venus

Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season
Source: Hockey Reference
See what else correlates with Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season

Correlation r = 0.5945835 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.3535296 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 35.4% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., The distance between Uranus and Venus) over the 48 years from 1975 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 8.3E-6. 0.0000083435867847518570000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.59 in 0.00083% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 119,853 random variables You don't actually need 119 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 47 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 47 because we have two variables measured over a period of 48 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.37, 0.75 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
The distance between Uranus and Venus (Planetary distance (AU))18.627618.442118.580218.730918.555518.875118.779818.827919.079418.882519.160419.16519.108419.418519.235319.431519.547919.404719.729619.599619.67819.887619.678819.955619.904319.846220.113119.883220.061320.110519.933820.214720.02120.067820.212919.953120.184220.06219.959620.163319.87220.003719.982119.759119.983219.725719.733519.8115
Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season (Games won)23261632232619212131271734413428344347463362384443484951484805850545144474824394341333032171932




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
    Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.
  5. Outlandish outliers: There are "outliers" in this data. In concept, "outlier" just means "way different than the rest of your dataset." When calculating a correlation like this, they are particularly impactful because a single outlier can substantially increase your correlation.

    For the purposes of this project, I counted a point as an outlier if it the residual was two standard deviations from the mean.

    (This bullet point only shows up in the details page on charts that do, in fact, have outliers.)
    They stand out on the scatterplot above: notice the dots that are far away from any other dots. I intentionally mishandeled outliers, which makes the correlation look extra strong.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([18.6276,18.4421,18.5802,18.7309,18.5555,18.8751,18.7798,18.8279,19.0794,18.8825,19.1604,19.165,19.1084,19.4185,19.2353,19.4315,19.5479,19.4047,19.7296,19.5996,19.678,19.8876,19.6788,19.9556,19.9043,19.8462,20.1131,19.8832,20.0613,20.1105,19.9338,20.2147,20.021,20.0678,20.2129,19.9531,20.1842,20.062,19.9596,20.1633,19.872,20.0037,19.9821,19.7591,19.9832,19.7257,19.7335,19.8115,])
array_2 = np.array([23,26,16,32,23,26,19,21,21,31,27,17,34,41,34,28,34,43,47,46,33,62,38,44,43,48,49,51,48,48,0,58,50,54,51,44,47,48,24,39,43,41,33,30,32,17,19,32,])
array_1_name = "The distance between Uranus and Venus"
array_2_name = "Number of games won by Detroit Red Wings in NHL season"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 3346 · Black Variable ID: 1972 · Red Variable ID: 351
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