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Spurious correlation #5,850 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the second variable is The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in.  The chart goes from 1997 to 2003, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

Orlando Bloom saw how clear the air was in Union City and just couldn't resist the opportunity to film more movies in such pristine conditions. You could say he really wanted to 'breathe new life' into his career!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of Orlando Bloom standing amidst rolling hills and lush greenery in Union City, Tennessee. Show him gazing in awe at the sweeping landscape, with a movie set bustling in the distance as crew members prepare for his next film appearance. The atmosphere is light-hearted and funny, capturing the juxtaposition of serene natural beauty and the excitement of a movie set. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Vaporwave Pop art a funny image you would see on reddit a funny image you would see on reddit Vaporwave
ChatGPT: a funny image you would see on reddit

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in, in the following situation: Orlando Bloom saw how clear the air was in Union City and just couldn't resist the opportunity to film more movies in such pristine conditions. You could say he really wanted to 'breathe new life' into his career!. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: Orlando Bloom stood in awe of the clear, fresh air in Union City, Tennessee, as he marveled at the picturesque surroundings. In the distance, a movie set was being prepared, ready for him to make his next appearance - eager to soak up the purity of the city's air and to breathe new life into his career.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ a funny image you would see on reddit ] and depicting this scene: Orlando Bloom stood in awe of the clear, fresh air in Union City, Tennessee, as he marveled at the picturesque surroundings. In the distance, a movie set was being prepared, ready for him to make his next appearance - eager to soak up the purity of the city's air and to breathe new life into his career. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of Orlando Bloom standing amidst rolling hills and lush greenery in Union City, Tennessee. Show him gazing in awe at the sweeping landscape, with a movie set bustling in the distance as crew members prepare for his next film appearance. The atmosphere is light-hearted and funny, capturing the juxtaposition of serene natural beauty and the excitement of a movie set.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Air quality in Union City, Tennessee caused The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in to increase. Add a funny one-liner at the end.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography

Journal of Environmental Entertainment Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, just make it sound clever.

Your research team used data from Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 and p < 0.01 for 1997 to 2003.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the unexpected, and perhaps inexplicable, relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring the inimitable Orlando Bloom. Utilizing data from the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB, this study delves into the atmospheric conditions of Union City, Tennessee and the meteoric rise of one Mr. Orlando Bloom in Hollywood. The results reveal a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1997 to 2003. Our findings not only shed light on the profound impact of air quality on the proliferation of Orlando Bloom's film appearances, but also serve as a gentle reminder that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the unexpected, and perhaps inexplicable, relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring the inimitable Orlando Bloom. Utilizing data from the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB, this study delves into the atmospheric conditions of Union City, Tennessee and the meteoric rise of one Mr. Orlando Bloom in Hollywood. The results reveal a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1997 to 2003. Our findings not only shed light on the profound impact of air quality on the proliferation of Orlando Bloom's film appearances, but also serve as a gentle reminder that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
INTRODUCTION

In the annals of research, there have been many peculiar pairings and surprising correlations. From the relationship between ice cream consumption and shark attacks to the link between Nicolas Cage movies and swimming pool accidents, the world of statistics and science has continuously provided the human race with eyebrow-raising revelations.

However, few associations could prepare us for the seemingly preposterous correlation we unearthed in this study - the connection between air quality in Union City, Tennessee, and the cinematic presence of the one and only Orlando Bloom. This investigation stems from a combination of curiosity, skepticism, and perhaps a touch of whimsy, leading us to ponder whether the atmospheric conditions in a humble town could indeed wield some inexplicable influence over the cinematic career of a renowned actor.

Tasked with investigating this outrageous correlation, we embarked on a journey through data sets and research methodologies, humorously noting that when it comes to statistics, sometimes you have to let the data “bloom where you're planted.” With bated breath and a sprinkling of skepticism, we delved into the realms of environmental science and the realm of Hollywood glamour, eager to unravel the mysterious threads weaving these seemingly disparate elements together.

Seeking to marry the seemingly ethereal world of movie magic with the tangible, measurable elements of air quality, we aimed to answer the age-old question: could the quality of air, the very breath of life, be intimately entwined with the number of movies gracing the silver screen with the enigmatic presence of Mr. Bloom? This preposterous notion, while met with its fair share of raised eyebrows, has tantalized and tickled the scientific community, painting the picture of an academic inquiry that is, quite literally, a breath of fresh air.

For, as Albert Einstein once mused, "Coincidences are God's way of remaining anonymous," and if the divine hand of fate has indeed intertwined air quality and cinematic stardom, we may find ourselves not only bewildered by the charming whimsy of the universe, but also armed with unique insights into the forces shaping our world. So, with a good measure of academic rigor and an equally generous serving of good humor, we present the findings of our delightful dalliance with data, air quality, and the captivating filmography of Orlando Bloom.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading the backs of shampoo bottles.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the unexpected, and perhaps inexplicable, relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring the inimitable Orlando Bloom. Utilizing data from the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB, this study delves into the atmospheric conditions of Union City, Tennessee and the meteoric rise of one Mr. Orlando Bloom in Hollywood. The results reveal a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1997 to 2003. Our findings not only shed light on the profound impact of air quality on the proliferation of Orlando Bloom's film appearances, but also serve as a gentle reminder that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
In the annals of research, there have been many peculiar pairings and surprising correlations. From the relationship between ice cream consumption and shark attacks to the link between Nicolas Cage movies and swimming pool accidents, the world of statistics and science has continuously provided the human race with eyebrow-raising revelations.
However, few associations could prepare us for the seemingly preposterous correlation we unearthed in this study - the connection between air quality in Union City, Tennessee, and the cinematic presence of the one and only Orlando Bloom. This investigation stems from a combination of curiosity, skepticism, and perhaps a touch of whimsy, leading us to ponder whether the atmospheric conditions in a humble town could indeed wield some inexplicable influence over the cinematic career of a renowned actor.
Tasked with investigating this outrageous correlation, we embarked on a journey through data sets and research methodologies, humorously noting that when it comes to statistics, sometimes you have to let the data “bloom where you're planted.” With bated breath and a sprinkling of skepticism, we delved into the realms of environmental science and the realm of Hollywood glamour, eager to unravel the mysterious threads weaving these seemingly disparate elements together.
Seeking to marry the seemingly ethereal world of movie magic with the tangible, measurable elements of air quality, we aimed to answer the age-old question: could the quality of air, the very breath of life, be intimately entwined with the number of movies gracing the silver screen with the enigmatic presence of Mr. Bloom? This preposterous notion, while met with its fair share of raised eyebrows, has tantalized and tickled the scientific community, painting the picture of an academic inquiry that is, quite literally, a breath of fresh air.
For, as Albert Einstein once mused, "Coincidences are God's way of remaining anonymous," and if the divine hand of fate has indeed intertwined air quality and cinematic stardom, we may find ourselves not only bewildered by the charming whimsy of the universe, but also armed with unique insights into the forces shaping our world. So, with a good measure of academic rigor and an equally generous serving of good humor, we present the findings of our delightful dalliance with data, air quality, and the captivating filmography of Orlando Bloom.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "The Impact of Environmental Factors on Public Health," Smith et al. delve into the multifaceted interplay between air quality and human well-being. Their comprehensive analysis sheds light on the various health implications of poor air quality, ranging from respiratory diseases to cardiovascular complications. Meanwhile, in "Hollywood's Golden Age: A Retrospective," Doe examines the evolution of cinema and the factors influencing the rise and fall of various movie stars. The study provides a captivating insight into the mechanisms driving the trajectories of actors' careers and the enigmatic allure of fame and fortune.

Moving from the realms of non-fiction to fiction, R.R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" series is a literary masterpiece that has captivated readers and moviegoers alike. The intricate weaving of fantasy and reality in Tolkien's world parallels the complexity of our own inquiry. Similarly, J.K. Rowling's "Harry Potter" series, with its magical spells and enchanting storytelling, serves as a reminder that sometimes, reality and fiction may not be as distinct as one would think.

Venturing off the beaten path, the researchers, in pursuit of every possible lead, engaged in a thorough perusal of literary works that, while not conventionally deemed academic sources, nonetheless offered unexpected insights. The backs of shampoo bottles, with their descriptions of exotic ingredients and promises of luscious locks, were scrutinized for any hints of correlation between air quality and Orlando Bloom's filmography. Alas, these elusive bottles divulged no secrets, leaving the researchers to ponder whether the truths they sought were simply too voluminous for a single bottle to contain.

As the literature review veered into uncharted territories, the researchers found themselves grappling with the peculiar, the absurd, and the downright surreal. Yet, amidst the laughter and the raised eyebrows, a glimmer of insight emerged - a gentle reminder that in the pursuit of knowledge, one must be willing to traverse the boundaries of convention, armed with a healthy dose of humor and a keen eye for the unexpected.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB . You used data from 1997 to 2003

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the unexpected, and perhaps inexplicable, relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring the inimitable Orlando Bloom. Utilizing data from the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB, this study delves into the atmospheric conditions of Union City, Tennessee and the meteoric rise of one Mr. Orlando Bloom in Hollywood. The results reveal a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1997 to 2003. Our findings not only shed light on the profound impact of air quality on the proliferation of Orlando Bloom's film appearances, but also serve as a gentle reminder that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
In the annals of research, there have been many peculiar pairings and surprising correlations. From the relationship between ice cream consumption and shark attacks to the link between Nicolas Cage movies and swimming pool accidents, the world of statistics and science has continuously provided the human race with eyebrow-raising revelations.
However, few associations could prepare us for the seemingly preposterous correlation we unearthed in this study - the connection between air quality in Union City, Tennessee, and the cinematic presence of the one and only Orlando Bloom. This investigation stems from a combination of curiosity, skepticism, and perhaps a touch of whimsy, leading us to ponder whether the atmospheric conditions in a humble town could indeed wield some inexplicable influence over the cinematic career of a renowned actor.
Tasked with investigating this outrageous correlation, we embarked on a journey through data sets and research methodologies, humorously noting that when it comes to statistics, sometimes you have to let the data “bloom where you're planted.” With bated breath and a sprinkling of skepticism, we delved into the realms of environmental science and the realm of Hollywood glamour, eager to unravel the mysterious threads weaving these seemingly disparate elements together.
Seeking to marry the seemingly ethereal world of movie magic with the tangible, measurable elements of air quality, we aimed to answer the age-old question: could the quality of air, the very breath of life, be intimately entwined with the number of movies gracing the silver screen with the enigmatic presence of Mr. Bloom? This preposterous notion, while met with its fair share of raised eyebrows, has tantalized and tickled the scientific community, painting the picture of an academic inquiry that is, quite literally, a breath of fresh air.
For, as Albert Einstein once mused, "Coincidences are God's way of remaining anonymous," and if the divine hand of fate has indeed intertwined air quality and cinematic stardom, we may find ourselves not only bewildered by the charming whimsy of the universe, but also armed with unique insights into the forces shaping our world. So, with a good measure of academic rigor and an equally generous serving of good humor, we present the findings of our delightful dalliance with data, air quality, and the captivating filmography of Orlando Bloom.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

METHODOLOGY

Data Collection:

To investigate the peculiar relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the screen presence of the illustrious Orlando Bloom, our research team embarked on a whimsical crusade through the digital landscapes of the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB. We eagerly scoured the expansive realms of cyberspace, akin to daring adventurers seeking treasure in the labyrinthine corridors of statistical artifacts and cinematic anecdotes.

Our quest led us to amass a bountiful collection of air quality data from Union City, captured by the steadfast sensors of the Environmental Protection Agency. The valiant instruments of science diligently recorded the concentration of atmospheric pollutants, from ozone to particulate matter, providing us with a veritable smorgasbord of air quality metrics to analyze.

In parallel, we delved into the cinematic archives of The Movie DB to unfurl the tapestry of Orlando Bloom's cinematic opus. Combing through an array of movie titles and release dates, we endeavored to quantify the prolific presence of Mr. Bloom on the silver screen, embracing the challenge of reconciling the ethereal allure of cinema with the grounding parameters of quantitative analysis.

Data Transformation and Preprocessing:

With a platter of data spread before us, ripe for exploration and interpretation, we took to the task of transforming and preprocessing the raw metrics. Engaging in a bit of statistical sorcery, we wrangled the air quality measurements and movie release timelines into coherent formats, preparing them for the elaborate dance of correlation analysis.

The sheer diversity of pollutants and cinematic appearances beckoned us to deftly maneuver through the data, akin to conducting a well-orchestrated symphony of statistical manipulation. This phase of the endeavor required a touch of finesse and a dash of creativity, as we sought to untangle the intricate web of variables and harness their combined potential for elucidating the purported link between air quality and Orlando Bloom's cinematic ventures.

Statistical Analysis:

Armed with a cornucopia of meticulously preprocessed data, we ventured forth into the domain of statistical analysis, wielding the potent tools of correlation and significance testing to unravel the enigmatic connection at the heart of our investigation.

Employing the venerable Pearson correlation coefficient, we sought to discern the degree of association between air quality metrics and the number of movies featuring the charismatic presence of Orlando Bloom. As we peered into the various pollutant concentrations and their potential influence on cinematic output, we couldn't help but admire the seemingly arbitrary dance of statistical significance, pondering whether the fate of film and the tremors of air molecules were indeed entwined in an unforeseen pas de deux.

Moreover, we subjected our findings to the rigors of significance testing, teasing out the subtle nuances of p-values to ascertain the robustness of the uncovered correlation. Here, we marveled at the paradoxical interplay of scientific certainty and statistical uncertainty, where the line between truth and chance assumes a playful ambiguity, not unlike the capricious whims of fate dictating the trajectory of cinematic stardom.

Time Period Considerations:

Our analysis was anchored within the temporal confines of 1997 to 2003, a span of years that witnessed both the flux of air quality dynamics and the crescendo of Orlando Bloom's cinematic presence. The choice of this temporal window was not arbitrary, but rather a deliberate embrace of the era when both environmental conditions and cinematic landscapes bore witness to noteworthy transitions and fluctuations.

In this chronologically bounded expanse, we sought to capture the essence of a fleeting epoch, where the breath of Union City and the cinematic allure of Mr. Bloom danced in temporal harmony, forging a narrative imbued with the flavor of a bygone era. Thus, we acknowledged and embraced the subtle influence of time on our investigation, recognizing that both air quality and silver screen escapades are imbued with the passage of temporal tides, forever oscillating within the chasm of historical epochs.

In summary, our methodology evokes the spirit of scientific inquiry entwined with a touch of whimsy, engendering a methodology that is as diverse as the curious correlation it seeks to unravel. With bated breath and a dash of statistical flair, our methodology set the stage for the grand revelation that follows - a revelation that once again demonstrates the profound and often improbable interconnections that abound in the tapestry of human existence.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB .

For the time period 1997 to 2003, you found a correlation 0.9526656, r-squared of 0.9075717, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the unexpected, and perhaps inexplicable, relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring the inimitable Orlando Bloom. Utilizing data from the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB, this study delves into the atmospheric conditions of Union City, Tennessee and the meteoric rise of one Mr. Orlando Bloom in Hollywood. The results reveal a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1997 to 2003. Our findings not only shed light on the profound impact of air quality on the proliferation of Orlando Bloom's film appearances, but also serve as a gentle reminder that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
INTRODUCTION
In the annals of research, there have been many peculiar pairings and surprising correlations. From the relationship between ice cream consumption and shark attacks to the link between Nicolas Cage movies and swimming pool accidents, the world of statistics and science has continuously provided the human race with eyebrow-raising revelations.
However, few associations could prepare us for the seemingly preposterous correlation we unearthed in this study - the connection between air quality in Union City, Tennessee, and the cinematic presence of the one and only Orlando Bloom. This investigation stems from a combination of curiosity, skepticism, and perhaps a touch of whimsy, leading us to ponder whether the atmospheric conditions in a humble town could indeed wield some inexplicable influence over the cinematic career of a renowned actor.
Tasked with investigating this outrageous correlation, we embarked on a journey through data sets and research methodologies, humorously noting that when it comes to statistics, sometimes you have to let the data “bloom where you're planted.” With bated breath and a sprinkling of skepticism, we delved into the realms of environmental science and the realm of Hollywood glamour, eager to unravel the mysterious threads weaving these seemingly disparate elements together.
Seeking to marry the seemingly ethereal world of movie magic with the tangible, measurable elements of air quality, we aimed to answer the age-old question: could the quality of air, the very breath of life, be intimately entwined with the number of movies gracing the silver screen with the enigmatic presence of Mr. Bloom? This preposterous notion, while met with its fair share of raised eyebrows, has tantalized and tickled the scientific community, painting the picture of an academic inquiry that is, quite literally, a breath of fresh air.
For, as Albert Einstein once mused, "Coincidences are God's way of remaining anonymous," and if the divine hand of fate has indeed intertwined air quality and cinematic stardom, we may find ourselves not only bewildered by the charming whimsy of the universe, but also armed with unique insights into the forces shaping our world. So, with a good measure of academic rigor and an equally generous serving of good humor, we present the findings of our delightful dalliance with data, air quality, and the captivating filmography of Orlando Bloom.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The results of our investigation into the correlation between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring Orlando Bloom for the years 1997 to 2003 were nothing short of astounding, leaving us in a state of wide-eyed wonder and unexpected delight. Our analysis uncovered a jaw-droppingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9526656, indicating a remarkably strong positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables. As we revel in the statistical intricacies of our findings, we can't help but marvel at the whimsical nature of scientific inquiry.

The calculated r-squared value of 0.9075717 further reinforced the robustness of the relationship, suggesting that a sizable 90.75717% of the variance in Orlando Bloom's film appearances could be accounted for by the fluctuations in air quality in Union City, Tennessee. Here we find yet another example of the bewitching dance of statistical analysis, where even the most improbable connections can emerge with surprising clarity.

With a significance level of p < 0.01, our findings were not just entertaining whimsy but a bonafide statistical marvel. This level of significance indicates that the likelihood of observing such a strong relationship by mere chance is less than 1%, leaving us chuckling at the delightful peculiarity of our research endeavor.

The visual representation of our results is encapsulated in Figure 1, where a scatterplot showcases the unmistakable upward trend mirroring the rise in Orlando Bloom's movie appearances with the fluctuations in air quality in Union City, Tennessee. Indeed, it serves as a poignant reminder that even in the world of scientific inquiry, truth can often be stranger than fiction.

Our investigation has not only opened the door to a realm of unexpected connections but also provided a heartening reminder of the charming whimsy that can be found in the world of research and statistical exploration. As we bask in the glow of our improbable findings, we can't help but appreciate the sheer serendipity of our delightful dalliance with the data, marveling at the curious ways in which the world of science and statistical analysis never fails to surprise and delight.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the unexpected, and perhaps inexplicable, relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring the inimitable Orlando Bloom. Utilizing data from the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB, this study delves into the atmospheric conditions of Union City, Tennessee and the meteoric rise of one Mr. Orlando Bloom in Hollywood. The results reveal a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1997 to 2003. Our findings not only shed light on the profound impact of air quality on the proliferation of Orlando Bloom's film appearances, but also serve as a gentle reminder that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "The Impact of Environmental Factors on Public Health," Smith et al. delve into the multifaceted interplay between air quality and human well-being. Their comprehensive analysis sheds light on the various health implications of poor air quality, ranging from respiratory diseases to cardiovascular complications. Meanwhile, in "Hollywood's Golden Age: A Retrospective," Doe examines the evolution of cinema and the factors influencing the rise and fall of various movie stars. The study provides a captivating insight into the mechanisms driving the trajectories of actors' careers and the enigmatic allure of fame and fortune.
Moving from the realms of non-fiction to fiction, R.R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" series is a literary masterpiece that has captivated readers and moviegoers alike. The intricate weaving of fantasy and reality in Tolkien's world parallels the complexity of our own inquiry. Similarly, J.K. Rowling's "Harry Potter" series, with its magical spells and enchanting storytelling, serves as a reminder that sometimes, reality and fiction may not be as distinct as one would think.
Venturing off the beaten path, the researchers, in pursuit of every possible lead, engaged in a thorough perusal of literary works that, while not conventionally deemed academic sources, nonetheless offered unexpected insights. The backs of shampoo bottles, with their descriptions of exotic ingredients and promises of luscious locks, were scrutinized for any hints of correlation between air quality and Orlando Bloom's filmography. Alas, these elusive bottles divulged no secrets, leaving the researchers to ponder whether the truths they sought were simply too voluminous for a single bottle to contain.
As the literature review veered into uncharted territories, the researchers found themselves grappling with the peculiar, the absurd, and the downright surreal. Yet, amidst the laughter and the raised eyebrows, a glimmer of insight emerged - a gentle reminder that in the pursuit of knowledge, one must be willing to traverse the boundaries of convention, armed with a healthy dose of humor and a keen eye for the unexpected.

[[RESULTS]]
The results of our investigation into the correlation between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring Orlando Bloom for the years 1997 to 2003 were nothing short of astounding, leaving us in a state of wide-eyed wonder and unexpected delight. Our analysis uncovered a jaw-droppingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9526656, indicating a remarkably strong positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables. As we revel in the statistical intricacies of our findings, we can't help but marvel at the whimsical nature of scientific inquiry.
The calculated r-squared value of 0.9075717 further reinforced the robustness of the relationship, suggesting that a sizable 90.75717% of the variance in Orlando Bloom's film appearances could be accounted for by the fluctuations in air quality in Union City, Tennessee. Here we find yet another example of the bewitching dance of statistical analysis, where even the most improbable connections can emerge with surprising clarity.
With a significance level of p < 0.01, our findings were not just entertaining whimsy but a bonafide statistical marvel. This level of significance indicates that the likelihood of observing such a strong relationship by mere chance is less than 1%, leaving us chuckling at the delightful peculiarity of our research endeavor.
The visual representation of our results is encapsulated in Figure 1, where a scatterplot showcases the unmistakable upward trend mirroring the rise in Orlando Bloom's movie appearances with the fluctuations in air quality in Union City, Tennessee. Indeed, it serves as a poignant reminder that even in the world of scientific inquiry, truth can often be stranger than fiction.
Our investigation has not only opened the door to a realm of unexpected connections but also provided a heartening reminder of the charming whimsy that can be found in the world of research and statistical exploration. As we bask in the glow of our improbable findings, we can't help but appreciate the sheer serendipity of our delightful dalliance with the data, marveling at the curious ways in which the world of science and statistical analysis never fails to surprise and delight.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our findings not only uphold previous research on the impact of environmental factors on public health but also introduce a whimsical twist into the established narrative. Smith et al.'s investigation into the interplay between air quality and public health may have unintentionally overlooked the potential influence of Hollywood heartthrob Orlando Bloom. However, in the lighthearted spirit of scientific inquiry, we ventured into uncharted territory and unearthed a startling relationship that has turned the tides of conventional wisdom.

The literature provided a captivating insight into the factors influencing the rise and fall of various movie stars, but none could have foreseen the buoyant effect of Union City, Tennessee's air quality on Mr. Bloom's cinematic career. R.R. Tolkien's detailed world-building may have delved into the intricacies of Middle-earth, but it pales in comparison to the intricate correlation we have uncovered. Nevertheless, the whimsy and surrealism found in their works resonate with the delightful peculiarities of our research, confirming that truth can indeed emerge from the most unexpected avenues.

Moving from the realms of non-fiction to fiction, we reveled in the exploration of seemingly unrelated variables, solidifying a significant connection that leaves us amused and exhilarated. As J.K. Rowling's enchanting storytelling captivates readers, our own study has been equally enchanting in revealing the mysterious interplay between air quality and Orlando Bloom's filmography.

Our study journeys into uncharted territories, not unlike the pursuit of knowledge through the back of shampoo bottles. While these elusive bottles divulged no secrets, our unconventional approach has yielded a connection worthy of scholarly attention. The unmatched significance level of p < 0.01 unveils a correlation as captivating as any magical spell in Rowling's tales, reaffirming the enchanting allure of scientific inquiry.

As our scatterplot showcases the unmistakable upward trend mirroring the rise in Orlando Bloom's movie appearances with the fluctuations in air quality in Union City, Tennessee, we cannot help but marvel at the whimsical nature of statistical analysis, leaving us in a state of wide-eyed wonder and unexpected delight. Our research, while unexpected in its subject matter, reinforces the heuristic prudence of self-deprecating humor and a penchant for the absurd in navigating the often serious and solemn world of academia. The delightfulness of our findings serves as a gentle reminder that sometimes, reality is indeed stranger than fiction.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air quality in Union City, Tennessee and The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the unexpected, and perhaps inexplicable, relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring the inimitable Orlando Bloom. Utilizing data from the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB, this study delves into the atmospheric conditions of Union City, Tennessee and the meteoric rise of one Mr. Orlando Bloom in Hollywood. The results reveal a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1997 to 2003. Our findings not only shed light on the profound impact of air quality on the proliferation of Orlando Bloom's film appearances, but also serve as a gentle reminder that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
In the annals of research, there have been many peculiar pairings and surprising correlations. From the relationship between ice cream consumption and shark attacks to the link between Nicolas Cage movies and swimming pool accidents, the world of statistics and science has continuously provided the human race with eyebrow-raising revelations.
However, few associations could prepare us for the seemingly preposterous correlation we unearthed in this study - the connection between air quality in Union City, Tennessee, and the cinematic presence of the one and only Orlando Bloom. This investigation stems from a combination of curiosity, skepticism, and perhaps a touch of whimsy, leading us to ponder whether the atmospheric conditions in a humble town could indeed wield some inexplicable influence over the cinematic career of a renowned actor.
Tasked with investigating this outrageous correlation, we embarked on a journey through data sets and research methodologies, humorously noting that when it comes to statistics, sometimes you have to let the data “bloom where you're planted.” With bated breath and a sprinkling of skepticism, we delved into the realms of environmental science and the realm of Hollywood glamour, eager to unravel the mysterious threads weaving these seemingly disparate elements together.
Seeking to marry the seemingly ethereal world of movie magic with the tangible, measurable elements of air quality, we aimed to answer the age-old question: could the quality of air, the very breath of life, be intimately entwined with the number of movies gracing the silver screen with the enigmatic presence of Mr. Bloom? This preposterous notion, while met with its fair share of raised eyebrows, has tantalized and tickled the scientific community, painting the picture of an academic inquiry that is, quite literally, a breath of fresh air.
For, as Albert Einstein once mused, "Coincidences are God's way of remaining anonymous," and if the divine hand of fate has indeed intertwined air quality and cinematic stardom, we may find ourselves not only bewildered by the charming whimsy of the universe, but also armed with unique insights into the forces shaping our world. So, with a good measure of academic rigor and an equally generous serving of good humor, we present the findings of our delightful dalliance with data, air quality, and the captivating filmography of Orlando Bloom.

[[RESULTS]]
The results of our investigation into the correlation between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring Orlando Bloom for the years 1997 to 2003 were nothing short of astounding, leaving us in a state of wide-eyed wonder and unexpected delight. Our analysis uncovered a jaw-droppingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9526656, indicating a remarkably strong positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables. As we revel in the statistical intricacies of our findings, we can't help but marvel at the whimsical nature of scientific inquiry.
The calculated r-squared value of 0.9075717 further reinforced the robustness of the relationship, suggesting that a sizable 90.75717% of the variance in Orlando Bloom's film appearances could be accounted for by the fluctuations in air quality in Union City, Tennessee. Here we find yet another example of the bewitching dance of statistical analysis, where even the most improbable connections can emerge with surprising clarity.
With a significance level of p < 0.01, our findings were not just entertaining whimsy but a bonafide statistical marvel. This level of significance indicates that the likelihood of observing such a strong relationship by mere chance is less than 1%, leaving us chuckling at the delightful peculiarity of our research endeavor.
The visual representation of our results is encapsulated in Figure 1, where a scatterplot showcases the unmistakable upward trend mirroring the rise in Orlando Bloom's movie appearances with the fluctuations in air quality in Union City, Tennessee. Indeed, it serves as a poignant reminder that even in the world of scientific inquiry, truth can often be stranger than fiction.
Our investigation has not only opened the door to a realm of unexpected connections but also provided a heartening reminder of the charming whimsy that can be found in the world of research and statistical exploration. As we bask in the glow of our improbable findings, we can't help but appreciate the sheer serendipity of our delightful dalliance with the data, marveling at the curious ways in which the world of science and statistical analysis never fails to surprise and delight.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

CONCLUSION

In the whimsical waltz of statistical analysis, we have stumbled upon a correlation so enchanting, it could rival the most captivating scenes from Mr. Bloom's cinematic repertoire. Our findings, which establish a bewilderingly strong connection between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring Orlando Bloom, not only showcase the playful side of scientific inquiry but also remind us that sometimes, truth is indeed far stranger than fiction.

As we ponder the delightful dance of data and variables, it becomes clear that our research has not only uncovered an unexpected link but also admirably upheld the spirit of scientific exploration – where curiosity meets comedy, and statistical significance meets silver screen superstardom.

With a wink to the statistical gods and a nod to the whimsical forces at play, we declare that no more research is needed in this area. The curtain may fall on this lighthearted endeavor, but the memory of this charming dalliance with data will continue to bloom in the annals of scientific whimsy.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Environmental Entertainment Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Environmental Aesthetics and Celebrity Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Bloom and Gloom: The Surprising Connection Between Air Quality in Union City, Tennessee and Orlando Bloom's Filmography with an abstract of This paper investigates the unexpected, and perhaps inexplicable, relationship between air quality in Union City, Tennessee and the number of movies featuring the inimitable Orlando Bloom. Utilizing data from the Environmental Protection Agency and The Movie DB, this study delves into the atmospheric conditions of Union City, Tennessee and the meteoric rise of one Mr. Orlando Bloom in Hollywood. The results reveal a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9526656 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1997 to 2003. Our findings not only shed light on the profound impact of air quality on the proliferation of Orlando Bloom's film appearances, but also serve as a gentle reminder that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.

ChatGPT:

Union City, Tennessee, air quality, Orlando Bloom, filmography, correlation coefficient, environmental data, EPA, The Movie DB, atmospheric conditions, Hollywood, meteoric rise, significance level, 1997-2003

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Air quality in Union City, Tennessee
Detailed data title: Percentage of days with good or moderate air quality in Union City, TN-KY
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
See what else correlates with Air quality in Union City, Tennessee

The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in
Source: The Movie DB
Additional Info: Kingdom of Heaven (2005); The Calcium Kid (2004); Elizabethtown (2005); Haven (2004); The Good Doctor (2011); Zulu (2013); Romeo and Juliet (2014); Romans (2017); Tour de Pharmacy (2017); S.M.A.R.T. Chase (2017); Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003); Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006); Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007); Troy (2004); Ned Kelly (2003); David Blaine: What Is Magic? (2010); Unlocked (2017); Below Deck: An Interactive History Of Pirates (2003); According to Plan: The Making of 'Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest' (2006); New Zealand as Middle Earth (2002); The Outpost (2020); Gran Turismo (2023); An Epic At Sea: The Making of Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003); Main Street (2010); Sympathy for Delicious (2010); The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies (2014); Beyond the Movie: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001); Needle in a Timestack (2021); Billie Eilish: The World's a Little Blurry (2021); The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug (2013); The Quest Fulfilled: A Director's Vision (2003); Paparazzi: Full Throttle LA (2016); New York, I Love You (2008); Quest for the Ring (2001); The Armenian Genocide (2006); Ringers: Lord of the Fans (2005); The Three Musketeers (2011); Film Collectibles: Capturing Movie Memories (2003); The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002); Love and Other Disasters (2006); The Path to Redemption (2006); Black Hawk Down (2001); Marina Abramović: The Artist Is Present (2012); And We Go Green (2019); Wonder Boy (2019); The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001); The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003); Wilde (1997); Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017); A Passage to Middle-earth: Making of 'Lord of the Rings' (2001); Fight for Your Right Revisited (2011); Digging for Fire (2015)

See what else correlates with The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in

Correlation r = 0.9526656 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9075717 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 90.8% of the change in the one variable (i.e., The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Air quality in Union City, Tennessee) over the 7 years from 1997 through 2003.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 0.00091. 0.0009126288947418374000000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.95 in 0.091% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 1,096 random variables Which I absolutely did.
with the same 6 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 6 because we have two variables measured over a period of 7 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.71, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
1997199819992000200120022003
Air quality in Union City, Tennessee (Good air quality)00000.86419800.94702
The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in (Movie appearances)1000527




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Very low n: There are not many data points included in this analysis. Even if the p-value is high, we should be suspicious of using so few datapoints in a correlation.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([0,0,0,0,0.864198,0,0.94702,])
array_2 = np.array([1,0,0,0,5,2,7,])
array_1_name = "Air quality in Union City, Tennessee"
array_2_name = "The number of movies Orlando Bloom appeared in"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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Correlation ID: 5850 · Black Variable ID: 21598 · Red Variable ID: 26542
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