Spurious correlation #3,850 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Fossil fuel use in Brazil and the second variable is Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. The chart goes from 1980 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Fossil fuel use in Brazil and the second variable is Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. The chart goes from 1980 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

AI explanation

The burning of fossil fuels in Brazil led to a greater release of heat-trapping gases, inadvertently raising the global temperature. This, in turn, created the perfect conditions for hot dog crops to thrive, leading to a bumper crop of extra-long, competition-worthy hot dogs specifically sought after by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion.

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Prompt: Generate an image that portrays a cyberpunk scene in Brazil, where congested highways filled with cars emitting exhaust fumes contrast with a bustling Nathan’s hot dog stand, where the reigning champion stacks empty hotdog buns, basking in the surge of demand driven by rising temperatures. The scorching Brazilian sun casts an otherworldly glow over this intersection of technology and tradition. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Fossil fuel use in Brazil and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie Cute 2D animation Low poly Cyberpunk Macabre
ChatGPT: Cyberpunk

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Fossil fuel use in Brazil and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion, in the following situation: Because the increase in fossil fuel use in Brazil led to hotter temperatures, causing people to crave hotdogs more often. This resulted in Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion consuming more hotdogs to capitalize on the demand.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: Under the scorching Brazilian sun, a line of cars guzzles fossil fuels as they wait on the crowded highways. Meanwhile, at a bustling Nathan's hot dog stand, the reigning champion stacks up empty hotdog buns as he triumphantly consumes yet another record-breaking amount of hotdogs, clearly enjoying the surge in demand caused by the rising temperatures in Brazil.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Cyberpunk ] and depicting this scene: Under the scorching Brazilian sun, a line of cars guzzles fossil fuels as they wait on the crowded highways. Meanwhile, at a bustling Nathan's hot dog stand, the reigning champion stacks up empty hotdog buns as he triumphantly consumes yet another record-breaking amount of hotdogs, clearly enjoying the surge in demand caused by the rising temperatures in Brazil. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Prompt: Generate an image that portrays a cyberpunk scene in Brazil, where congested highways filled with cars emitting exhaust fumes contrast with a bustling Nathan’s hot dog stand, where the reigning champion stacks empty hotdog buns, basking in the surge of demand driven by rising temperatures. The scorching Brazilian sun casts an otherworldly glow over this intersection of technology and tradition.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Fossil fuel use in Brazil caused Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition

The International Journal of Gastronomic Geopolitics

Jan 2024

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Fossil fuel use in Brazil and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading the backs of shampoo bottles.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study aimed to elucidate the potential nexus between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the celebrated Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Leveraging data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, a correlation coefficient of 0.8371168 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 were determined for the period spanning 1980 to 2021. Our findings suggest a compelling linkage between these seemingly disparate realms, shedding light on a whimsically peculiar connection that transcends conventional understanding. While the causal mechanisms underpinning this correlation remain enigmatic, this research underscores the intricate interplay of human dietary habits and environmental factors in an amusingly unexpected manner.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The consummate consumption of hotdogs has long been a subject of fascination, though often relegated to summertime cookouts and baseball games. Concurrently, the issue of fossil fuel use has drawn widespread attention due to its implications for climate change and environmental sustainability. These two realms, seemingly unrelated, converge in an unsuspecting manner within the confines of our research. Fueling the fire of curiosity, we delve into the enigmatic correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption patterns of the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition.
It is widely acknowledged that Brazil's reliance on fossil fuels has evolved substantially over the past few decades, a trend that has mirrored the cultural ascension of the renowned hotdog-eating competition. As the per capita consumption of hotdogs has burgeoned, so too has Brazil's utilization of fossil fuels, a trend that has not escaped our analytical gaze. The seemingly disparate nature of these phenomena inspires the whimsical intrigue that propels our investigation forward.
In light of this, we embarked on a quest to dispassionately untangle the web of connections between these unsuspecting bedfellows, employing both quantitative methods and an appreciation for the unexpected quirks of human behavior. The findings that emerged were not only statistically robust but also imbued with a lighthearted charm, providing a nuanced glimpse into the peculiar interplay of gustatory preferences and environmental realities.
In the pages that follow, we unpack the intricate dance between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumptive proclivities of the reigning hotdog-eating champion, shedding light on a correlation that transcends conventional understanding. Beyond the veneer of triviality, this research illuminates the unforeseen and whimsically peculiar connections that underpin our world, reminding us of the delightful idiosyncrasies that await discovery in even the most unexpected venues.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The literature surrounding the intersecting realms of fossil fuel use and hotdog consumption is surprisingly extensive, given the seemingly disparate nature of these subjects. Smith et al. (2015) examined the historical trends in fossil fuel consumption in Brazil and its impact on greenhouse gas emissions. Doe (2018) delved into the cultural significance of hotdog consumption in the United States and its implications for dietary patterns. Jones (2020) explored the competitive eating landscape, with a specific focus on the annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition and its reigning champion. While these works provide valuable insights into their respective domains, none have yet sought to elucidate the potential correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption habits of competitive eaters.

Turning to non-fiction works that offer tangential insights, "The Omnivore's Dilemma" by Michael Pollan provides a comprehensive exploration of human dietary habits and their environmental impact. Similarly, "Eating Animals" by Jonathan Safran Foer offers a critical examination of the ethical and environmental dimensions of modern food consumption. These works, although not directly related to the focal points of our study, underscore the broader relevance of dietary choices and environmental considerations in contemporary discourse.

Meanwhile, in the realm of fiction, "The Hunger Games" by Suzanne Collins and "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" by Roald Dahl portray fictionalized narratives of competitive eating and culinary fascination. While these literary works are inherently imaginative and removed from empirical inquiry, they reflect societal preoccupations with food-centric competitions and gustatory excesses, albeit in fantastical and exaggerated contexts.

As our investigation delves deeper into the interplay between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption patterns of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion, it is pertinent to acknowledge the diversity of sources that have informed our research. In addition to scholarly articles and non-fiction works, unconventional sources, including the back labels of household cleaning products and the cryptic musings of fortune cookies, were scrutinized in a thorough exploration of the topic at hand. These unconventional sources, while unconventional in academic research, provided unexpected fodder for contemplation and, occasionally, lighthearted amusement.

In the ensuing sections, we present our original findings, which build upon and diverge from the existing literature, offering a novel perspective on the whimsically peculiar nexus between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumptive proclivities of the reigning hotdog-eating champion.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Fossil fuel use in Brazil and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia . You used data from 1980 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study aimed to elucidate the potential nexus between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the celebrated Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Leveraging data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, a correlation coefficient of 0.8371168 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 were determined for the period spanning 1980 to 2021. Our findings suggest a compelling linkage between these seemingly disparate realms, shedding light on a whimsically peculiar connection that transcends conventional understanding. While the causal mechanisms underpinning this correlation remain enigmatic, this research underscores the intricate interplay of human dietary habits and environmental factors in an amusingly unexpected manner.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The consummate consumption of hotdogs has long been a subject of fascination, though often relegated to summertime cookouts and baseball games. Concurrently, the issue of fossil fuel use has drawn widespread attention due to its implications for climate change and environmental sustainability. These two realms, seemingly unrelated, converge in an unsuspecting manner within the confines of our research. Fueling the fire of curiosity, we delve into the enigmatic correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption patterns of the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition.
It is widely acknowledged that Brazil's reliance on fossil fuels has evolved substantially over the past few decades, a trend that has mirrored the cultural ascension of the renowned hotdog-eating competition. As the per capita consumption of hotdogs has burgeoned, so too has Brazil's utilization of fossil fuels, a trend that has not escaped our analytical gaze. The seemingly disparate nature of these phenomena inspires the whimsical intrigue that propels our investigation forward.
In light of this, we embarked on a quest to dispassionately untangle the web of connections between these unsuspecting bedfellows, employing both quantitative methods and an appreciation for the unexpected quirks of human behavior. The findings that emerged were not only statistically robust but also imbued with a lighthearted charm, providing a nuanced glimpse into the peculiar interplay of gustatory preferences and environmental realities.
In the pages that follow, we unpack the intricate dance between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumptive proclivities of the reigning hotdog-eating champion, shedding light on a correlation that transcends conventional understanding. Beyond the veneer of triviality, this research illuminates the unforeseen and whimsically peculiar connections that underpin our world, reminding us of the delightful idiosyncrasies that await discovery in even the most unexpected venues.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

The methodology employed in this study hinged upon the amalgamation of data from disparate sources to unravel the enigmatic relationship between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption proclivities of the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Data regarding fossil fuel use in Brazil was procured from the Energy Information Administration, encompassing the period from 1980 to 2021. Similarly, data pertaining to the consumptive feats of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion was gleaned from an array of internet sources, with particular reliance on Wikipedia's meticulously curated records.

To initiate the process, an algorithm was employed to sift through copious quantities of online information, winnowing out extraneous details and honing in on the pertinent data points. This algorithm, like a culinary connoisseur picking the choicest ingredients, sought to discern patterns and associations amidst the digital deluge. The resultant dataset was then subjected to a series of rigorous statistical analyses that measured the correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption by the reigning champion.

Utilizing advanced statistical software, the correlation coefficient between these seemingly incongruous variables was computed, yielding an eyebrow-raising figure of 0.8371168. This statistical rumination was buttressed by the calculation of the p-value, which, much like a hidden gem amidst a trove of data, revealed a statistically significant value of less than 0.01. The inextricable linkage unearthed between these variables defied conventional wisdom and called for an expansive interpretation that reached beyond the confines of mundane associations.

In our endeavor to shine a light on this curiously compelling correlation, we navigated through the complexities with both the precision of a surgeon and the whimsy of a storyteller. The extensive data confluence, combined with the playfulness of statistical analysis, helped unravel a correlation that, much like an unexpected punchline, elicited both surprise and amusement.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Fossil fuel use in Brazil and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study aimed to elucidate the potential nexus between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the celebrated Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Leveraging data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, a correlation coefficient of 0.8371168 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 were determined for the period spanning 1980 to 2021. Our findings suggest a compelling linkage between these seemingly disparate realms, shedding light on a whimsically peculiar connection that transcends conventional understanding. While the causal mechanisms underpinning this correlation remain enigmatic, this research underscores the intricate interplay of human dietary habits and environmental factors in an amusingly unexpected manner.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The literature surrounding the intersecting realms of fossil fuel use and hotdog consumption is surprisingly extensive, given the seemingly disparate nature of these subjects. Smith et al. (2015) examined the historical trends in fossil fuel consumption in Brazil and its impact on greenhouse gas emissions. Doe (2018) delved into the cultural significance of hotdog consumption in the United States and its implications for dietary patterns. Jones (2020) explored the competitive eating landscape, with a specific focus on the annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition and its reigning champion. While these works provide valuable insights into their respective domains, none have yet sought to elucidate the potential correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption habits of competitive eaters.
Turning to non-fiction works that offer tangential insights, "The Omnivore's Dilemma" by Michael Pollan provides a comprehensive exploration of human dietary habits and their environmental impact. Similarly, "Eating Animals" by Jonathan Safran Foer offers a critical examination of the ethical and environmental dimensions of modern food consumption. These works, although not directly related to the focal points of our study, underscore the broader relevance of dietary choices and environmental considerations in contemporary discourse.
Meanwhile, in the realm of fiction, "The Hunger Games" by Suzanne Collins and "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" by Roald Dahl portray fictionalized narratives of competitive eating and culinary fascination. While these literary works are inherently imaginative and removed from empirical inquiry, they reflect societal preoccupations with food-centric competitions and gustatory excesses, albeit in fantastical and exaggerated contexts.
As our investigation delves deeper into the interplay between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption patterns of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion, it is pertinent to acknowledge the diversity of sources that have informed our research. In addition to scholarly articles and non-fiction works, unconventional sources, including the back labels of household cleaning products and the cryptic musings of fortune cookies, were scrutinized in a thorough exploration of the topic at hand. These unconventional sources, while unconventional in academic research, provided unexpected fodder for contemplation and, occasionally, lighthearted amusement.
In the ensuing sections, we present our original findings, which build upon and diverge from the existing literature, offering a novel perspective on the whimsically peculiar nexus between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumptive proclivities of the reigning hotdog-eating champion.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data revealed a remarkably robust correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the amount of hotdogs consumed by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. A correlation coefficient of 0.8371168 was observed, with an r-squared value of 0.7007646, indicating that approximately 70% of the variation in hotdog consumption can be explained by the variation in fossil fuel use. The statistical significance of this relationship was confirmed with a p-value of less than 0.01, underscoring the strength of the association.
Figure 1 depicts a scatterplot illustrating the pronounced correlation between the variables, resembling the sizzling links of sausages on a summer grill. Each data point on the plot serves as a testament to the unexpected harmony between these ostensibly disconnected domains, inviting contemplation of the whimsical symphony unfolding in the realms of fossil fuel consumption and competitive hotdog devouring.
The findings of this study prompt contemplation of the seemingly incongruous interplay of cultural indulgence and environmental impact, inviting both light-hearted amusement and sober reflection on the intricate web of human behavior and planetary forces. This correlation, while undoubtedly intriguing, leaves open a world of unanswered questions and unexplored avenues, underscoring the enduring allure of the unexpected in the realm of scholarly inquiry.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The striking correlation unveiled in this study between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition provides a whimsically unconventional lens through which to view the interplay of seemingly unrelated phenomena. Although this association may initially appear as perplexing as a condiment choice at a hotdog stand, our findings substantiate and extend the prior research in this field.

Harking back to the offbeat literature review, the tangential insights gleaned from "The Hunger Games" and "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" may have seemed fanciful at first glance. However, our results lend credence to the portrayal of gustatory excess and competitive eating in these fictional narratives, illustrating that reality can indeed rival the whimsy of fiction. This unexpected parallel serves as a reminder of the multifaceted inspirations that can inform empirical inquiry, even in disciplines as ostensibly serious as ours.

The r-squared value of 0.7007646, indicating that approximately 70% of the variation in hotdog consumption can be explained by the variation in fossil fuel use, aligns with the prior literature that has explored the intricate interplay of human dietary habits and environmental factors. The p-value of less than 0.01 further bolsters the solidity of this correlation, warranting serious consideration despite the lighthearted nature of the connection.

With a nod to the unconventional sources informing our research, the unexpected harmony between fossil fuel consumption and competitive hotdog devouring may evoke a chuckle, but it also engenders contemplation of the resounding impact of seemingly trivial behaviors on global environmental dynamics. The scatterplot, resembling the sizzling links of sausages on a summer grill, serves as a visual reminder of the unexpectedly flavorful symphony unfolding in the seemingly disparate realms of fossil fuel consumption and hotdog consumption at competitive eating events.

In sum, our study elevates the seemingly whimsical correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption habits of the reigning Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion to a position of statistically substantiated intrigue, offering a novel perspective on the overlooked interconnectedness of human dietary proclivities and global environmental dynamics. This correlation, albeit charmingly peculiar, warrants further exploration in future research, underscoring the enduring allure of the unexpected in scholarly inquiry.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Fossil fuel use in Brazil and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study aimed to elucidate the potential nexus between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the celebrated Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Leveraging data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, a correlation coefficient of 0.8371168 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 were determined for the period spanning 1980 to 2021. Our findings suggest a compelling linkage between these seemingly disparate realms, shedding light on a whimsically peculiar connection that transcends conventional understanding. While the causal mechanisms underpinning this correlation remain enigmatic, this research underscores the intricate interplay of human dietary habits and environmental factors in an amusingly unexpected manner.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The consummate consumption of hotdogs has long been a subject of fascination, though often relegated to summertime cookouts and baseball games. Concurrently, the issue of fossil fuel use has drawn widespread attention due to its implications for climate change and environmental sustainability. These two realms, seemingly unrelated, converge in an unsuspecting manner within the confines of our research. Fueling the fire of curiosity, we delve into the enigmatic correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the hotdog consumption patterns of the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition.
It is widely acknowledged that Brazil's reliance on fossil fuels has evolved substantially over the past few decades, a trend that has mirrored the cultural ascension of the renowned hotdog-eating competition. As the per capita consumption of hotdogs has burgeoned, so too has Brazil's utilization of fossil fuels, a trend that has not escaped our analytical gaze. The seemingly disparate nature of these phenomena inspires the whimsical intrigue that propels our investigation forward.
In light of this, we embarked on a quest to dispassionately untangle the web of connections between these unsuspecting bedfellows, employing both quantitative methods and an appreciation for the unexpected quirks of human behavior. The findings that emerged were not only statistically robust but also imbued with a lighthearted charm, providing a nuanced glimpse into the peculiar interplay of gustatory preferences and environmental realities.
In the pages that follow, we unpack the intricate dance between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumptive proclivities of the reigning hotdog-eating champion, shedding light on a correlation that transcends conventional understanding. Beyond the veneer of triviality, this research illuminates the unforeseen and whimsically peculiar connections that underpin our world, reminding us of the delightful idiosyncrasies that await discovery in even the most unexpected venues.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data revealed a remarkably robust correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the amount of hotdogs consumed by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. A correlation coefficient of 0.8371168 was observed, with an r-squared value of 0.7007646, indicating that approximately 70% of the variation in hotdog consumption can be explained by the variation in fossil fuel use. The statistical significance of this relationship was confirmed with a p-value of less than 0.01, underscoring the strength of the association.
Figure 1 depicts a scatterplot illustrating the pronounced correlation between the variables, resembling the sizzling links of sausages on a summer grill. Each data point on the plot serves as a testament to the unexpected harmony between these ostensibly disconnected domains, inviting contemplation of the whimsical symphony unfolding in the realms of fossil fuel consumption and competitive hotdog devouring.
The findings of this study prompt contemplation of the seemingly incongruous interplay of cultural indulgence and environmental impact, inviting both light-hearted amusement and sober reflection on the intricate web of human behavior and planetary forces. This correlation, while undoubtedly intriguing, leaves open a world of unanswered questions and unexplored avenues, underscoring the enduring allure of the unexpected in the realm of scholarly inquiry.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our investigation has unearthed a compelling correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the remarkable hotdog consumption by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. This study provides a whimsically peculiar insight into the intricate dance between human dietary habits and environmental factors, underscoring the unforeseen connections that permeate our world.

The palpable correlation coefficient of 0.8371168 and the statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 evoke a symphonic harmony, akin to the sizzling links of sausages on a summer grill. The robustness of this association, reminiscent of the robustness of a hotdog's casing, prompts contemplation of the unexpected interplay of cultural indulgence and environmental impact, reminding us of the delightful idiosyncrasies that await discovery in even the most unexpected venues.

Though our findings shed light on this peculiar connection, the causal mechanisms remain enigmatic, much like the mystery of the elusive perfect hotdog condiment-to-bun ratio. This correlation, while undoubtedly intriguing, leaves open a world of unanswered questions and unexplored avenues, much like the perennial debate over the ideal hotdog toppings. Further research may uncover the nuances of this connection, but perhaps some mysteries are best left sizzling on the grill of curiosity.

As such, we assert that no further research is needed in this area. For now, let us savor the delightfully enigmatic correlation between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the champion's prodigious hotdog consumption as a testament to the whimsical symphony of human behavior and planetary forces.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The International Journal of Gastronomic Geopolitics

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for International Hotdog Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition with an abstract of This study aimed to elucidate the potential nexus between fossil fuel use in Brazil and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the celebrated Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Leveraging data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, a correlation coefficient of 0.8371168 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 were determined for the period spanning 1980 to 2021. Our findings suggest a compelling linkage between these seemingly disparate realms, shedding light on a whimsically peculiar connection that transcends conventional understanding. While the causal mechanisms underpinning this correlation remain enigmatic, this research underscores the intricate interplay of human dietary habits and environmental factors in an amusingly unexpected manner.

ChatGPT:

fossil fuel use, Brazil, hotdog consumption, Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition, correlation, Energy Information Administration, statistical significance, unconventional correlation, dietary habits, environmental factors

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

Fossil fuel use in Brazil
Detailed data title: Total fossil fuel use in Brazil in billion kWh
Source: Energy Information Administration
See what else correlates with Fossil fuel use in Brazil

Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
Detailed data title: Hotdog Consumption by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

Correlation r = 0.8371168 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.7007646 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 70.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Fossil fuel use in Brazil) over the 42 years from 1980 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 4.9E-12.^Show 0.0000000000049131100975605490
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.84 in 4.9E-10% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 203,537,063,111 random variables^Note You don't actually need 203 billion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 41 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 41 because we have two variables measured over a period of 42 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.72, 0.91 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Fossil fuel use in Brazil (Billion kWh)	7.943	8.7185	7.96556	7.21732	7.3978	8.11408	15.2242	12.157	10.9407	10.8156	9.51656	10.465	11.1681	11.1634	11.1775	12.8432	15.4827	17.6993	18.6205	27.4734	28.4284	34.6879	32.9461	30.9805	39.4556	38.7581	38.6641	36.5914	54.9533	35.5235	60.0453	49.1338	75.8336	110.298	134.657	126.938	90.8635	99.5863	84.4474	88.6869	78.967	145.386
Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion (Hotdogs eaten)	9.5	11	11	10.5	9.5	11.75	15.5	13.5	10	15.5	16	21.5	19	17	20	19.5	22.25	24.5	19	20.25	25	50	50.5	44.5	53.33	49	53.75	66	59	68	54	62	68	69	61	62	70	72	74	71	75	76

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([7.943,8.7185,7.96556,7.21732,7.3978,8.11408,15.2242,12.157,10.9407,10.8156,9.51656,10.465,11.1681,11.1634,11.1775,12.8432,15.4827,17.6993,18.6205,27.4734,28.4284,34.6879,32.9461,30.9805,39.4556,38.7581,38.6641,36.5914,54.9533,35.5235,60.0453,49.1338,75.8336,110.298,134.657,126.938,90.8635,99.5863,84.4474,88.6869,78.967,145.386,])
array_2 = np.array([9.5,11,11,10.5,9.5,11.75,15.5,13.5,10,15.5,16,21.5,19,17,20,19.5,22.25,24.5,19,20.25,25,50,50.5,44.5,53.33,49,53.75,66,59,68,54,62,68,69,61,62,70,72,74,71,75,76,])
array_1_name = "Fossil fuel use in Brazil"
array_2_name = "Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Fossil fuel use in Brazil
Line chart for only Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Fueling the Fire: A Correlational Study on Fossil Fuel Use in Brazil and Hotdog Consumption by the Reigning Champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition

View another random correlation

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Correlation ID: 3850 · Black Variable ID: 23537 · Red Variable ID: 500


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