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Spurious correlation #3,488 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and the second variable is Equinix's stock price (EQIX).  The chart goes from 2003 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

The surge in bottled water consumption led to a higher demand for plastic bottles, ultimately boosting the need for storage and distribution services. This put added pressure on companies like Equinix, causing their stock price to flow uphill, just like a refreshing stream of liquid assets. After all, when it rains, it pure-ly pours for businesses involved in the aqua industry!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate a haunting image that encapsulates the juxtaposition of bustling city life and environmental impact. Visualize a skyline dominated by towering data center buildings, depicting Equinix's services, amidst a sea of plastic water bottles strewn across the city streets. The bottles symbolize the surge in bottled water consumption, contrasting with the gleaming lights of the city, signifying the increased electricity demand for manufacturing these plastic vessels. In the background, a stark graph charts Equinix's stock price sharply rising, correlating with the mounting use of electricity and the soaring consumption of plastic water bottles. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Charcoal Macabre inspired by bauhaus A Discovery magazine cover image Macabre
ChatGPT: Macabre

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX), in the following situation: Because as bottled water consumption increases, more plastic bottles are produced, which requires more electricity to manufacture. Equinix specializes in data centers and internet exchange services, so the increased demand for electricity leads to higher usage of Equinix's services, boosting their stock price.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: You see a bustling city skyline with tall data center buildings, representing Equinix's services, amidst which are scattered numerous plastic water bottles, symbolizing the increase in bottled water consumption. The city lights shine brightly, representing the increased demand for electricity to manufacture the plastic bottles. A graph of Equinix's stock price sharply rises in the background, correlating with the surge in electricity usage and the increasing consumption of bottled water.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Macabre ] and depicting this scene: You see a bustling city skyline with tall data center buildings, representing Equinix's services, amidst which are scattered numerous plastic water bottles, symbolizing the increase in bottled water consumption. The city lights shine brightly, representing the increased demand for electricity to manufacture the plastic bottles. A graph of Equinix's stock price sharply rises in the background, correlating with the surge in electricity usage and the increasing consumption of bottled water. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate a haunting image that encapsulates the juxtaposition of bustling city life and environmental impact. Visualize a skyline dominated by towering data center buildings, depicting Equinix's services, amidst a sea of plastic water bottles strewn across the city streets. The bottles symbolize the surge in bottled water consumption, contrasting with the gleaming lights of the city, signifying the increased electricity demand for manufacturing these plastic vessels. In the background, a stark graph charts Equinix's stock price sharply rising, correlating with the mounting use of electricity and the soaring consumption of plastic water bottles.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in US Bottled Water Consumption per Person caused Equinix's stock price (EQIX) to increase. Include one good pun.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus

Journal of Aquatic Economics and Environmental Equilibrium

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, make it sound serious.

Your research team used data from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9228452 and p < 0.01 for 2003 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the fascinating relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) over the period of 2003 to 2022. Using data sourced from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our research team set out to quench the thirst for understanding this unexpected nexus. Our findings revealed a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9228452, with a p-value less than 0.01, indicating a robust statistical association. It seems that when it comes to bottled water consumption and Equinix, there is indeed an undeniable connection – one that could make investors and hydrophiles alike say, "water mesmerizing correlation!"


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the fascinating relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) over the period of 2003 to 2022. Using data sourced from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our research team set out to quench the thirst for understanding this unexpected nexus. Our findings revealed a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9228452, with a p-value less than 0.01, indicating a robust statistical association. It seems that when it comes to bottled water consumption and Equinix, there is indeed an undeniable connection – one that could make investors and hydrophiles alike say, "water mesmerizing correlation!"

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

It is often said that "water is life," and for Equinix, it appears that water consumption might also be stock price. In a world where the stock market and consumer behavior seem as unrelated as chalk and cheese, our research has uncovered a surprising and thirst-quenching connection between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). This intriguing relationship has left us feeling quite "refreshed" as we navigate the waters of statistical analysis and stock market dynamics.

Speaking of refreshment, this research endeavor certainly left us feeling like we were diving into uncharted waters. As we cautiously waded through years of data from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we couldn't help but ponder upon the sheer audacity of comparing something as essential as water consumption to the complex world of stock pricing. It was like attempting to mix oil and water, but with statistical methods and spreadsheet sorcery, we managed to unveil correlations that were as surprising as finding a one-dollar bill at the bottom of a swimming pool.

We were particularly interested in Equinix, the global interconnection and data center company that has been making waves in the stock market over the past two decades. With our curiosity piqued, we set sail on this scientific voyage to explore the correlation between this technological giant and a basic human need – water. It was quite the deep dive into realms of data analysis and market trends, but we emerged with findings that seemed to flow as smoothly as a well-designed water distribution system.

As we submerged ourselves into the depths of statistical analysis, we were reminded of the words of the famous scientist, Albert Einstein, who once quipped, "Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted." But in this case, we beg to differ – for in the realm of econometrics and financial analysis, every drop of data counted in our quest to uncover the mysterious connection between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price.

With the stage set for our watertight investigation, we invite readers to dive into the depths with us as we unveil the surprising aqua-stock nexus. As we navigate the currents of correlation coefficients and p-values, we hope to elucidate a connection that could leave even the most seasoned investor exclaiming, "Water marvelous revelation!"


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a couple popular internet memes that are related to one of the topics.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the fascinating relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) over the period of 2003 to 2022. Using data sourced from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our research team set out to quench the thirst for understanding this unexpected nexus. Our findings revealed a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9228452, with a p-value less than 0.01, indicating a robust statistical association. It seems that when it comes to bottled water consumption and Equinix, there is indeed an undeniable connection – one that could make investors and hydrophiles alike say, "water mesmerizing correlation!"

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
It is often said that "water is life," and for Equinix, it appears that water consumption might also be stock price. In a world where the stock market and consumer behavior seem as unrelated as chalk and cheese, our research has uncovered a surprising and thirst-quenching connection between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). This intriguing relationship has left us feeling quite "refreshed" as we navigate the waters of statistical analysis and stock market dynamics.
Speaking of refreshment, this research endeavor certainly left us feeling like we were diving into uncharted waters. As we cautiously waded through years of data from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we couldn't help but ponder upon the sheer audacity of comparing something as essential as water consumption to the complex world of stock pricing. It was like attempting to mix oil and water, but with statistical methods and spreadsheet sorcery, we managed to unveil correlations that were as surprising as finding a one-dollar bill at the bottom of a swimming pool.
We were particularly interested in Equinix, the global interconnection and data center company that has been making waves in the stock market over the past two decades. With our curiosity piqued, we set sail on this scientific voyage to explore the correlation between this technological giant and a basic human need – water. It was quite the deep dive into realms of data analysis and market trends, but we emerged with findings that seemed to flow as smoothly as a well-designed water distribution system.
As we submerged ourselves into the depths of statistical analysis, we were reminded of the words of the famous scientist, Albert Einstein, who once quipped, "Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted." But in this case, we beg to differ – for in the realm of econometrics and financial analysis, every drop of data counted in our quest to uncover the mysterious connection between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price.
With the stage set for our watertight investigation, we invite readers to dive into the depths with us as we unveil the surprising aqua-stock nexus. As we navigate the currents of correlation coefficients and p-values, we hope to elucidate a connection that could leave even the most seasoned investor exclaiming, "Water marvelous revelation!"

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "Smith et al.," the authors find that bottled water consumption in the United States has been steadily increasing over the past few decades, with consumers showing a growing preference for purified and flavored water products. Meanwhile, "Doe and Jones" reveal that Equinix's stock price has experienced substantial fluctuations, mirroring the ebb and flow of the tech industry's tides.

Now, let's dive into some real page-turners related to our topic. In "Bottled and Sold: The Story Behind Our Obsession with Bottled Water" by Peter H. Gleick, the author delves into the cultural and economic factors driving the bottled water industry, providing a refreshing look at the world of hydration capitalism. On a more whimsical note, in "The Water Knife" by Paolo Bacigalupi, readers are plunged into a dystopian future where water rights are the new currency, highlighting the potential consequences of a world facing water scarcity.

Speaking of scarcity, let's not forget "The Thirst of Vampires," a popular internet meme that humorously equates vampires' thirst for blood with our insatiable thirst for bottled water. As our research has shown, Equinix's stock price may indeed be influenced by something as unexpected as the public's affinity for bottled water. It seems that when it comes to market dynamics, there is truly more than meets the eye – or should we say, more than quenches the thirst?

Returning to our academic explorations, let's not forget the groundbreaking discovery in "lorem ipsum," where the authors uncover a staggeringly high correlation coefficient between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price. It's a connection that flows like a steady stream – or perhaps, more fittingly, like a well-stocked water cooler.

Furthermore, "dolor sit amet" presents evidence of a robust statistical association, with a p-value that would make even the most skeptical researcher raise an eyebrow. It seems that the aqua-stock nexus is more than just a drop in the ocean of market influences; it's a tidal wave of statistical significance.

And now, for a dad joke to lighten the scholarly mood: Why did the bottle of water go to school? Because it wanted to be a little "spring" of knowledge! Just like our research, it's all about expanding our thirst for understanding.

As we continue to unravel the enigmatic relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price, we are reminded that even in the world of serious academic inquiry, there's always room for a splash of humor and unexpected connections. After all, who knew that something as ubiquitous as bottled water could have such a refreshing impact on the stock market?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2003 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the fascinating relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) over the period of 2003 to 2022. Using data sourced from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our research team set out to quench the thirst for understanding this unexpected nexus. Our findings revealed a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9228452, with a p-value less than 0.01, indicating a robust statistical association. It seems that when it comes to bottled water consumption and Equinix, there is indeed an undeniable connection – one that could make investors and hydrophiles alike say, "water mesmerizing correlation!"

[[INTRODUCTION]]
It is often said that "water is life," and for Equinix, it appears that water consumption might also be stock price. In a world where the stock market and consumer behavior seem as unrelated as chalk and cheese, our research has uncovered a surprising and thirst-quenching connection between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). This intriguing relationship has left us feeling quite "refreshed" as we navigate the waters of statistical analysis and stock market dynamics.
Speaking of refreshment, this research endeavor certainly left us feeling like we were diving into uncharted waters. As we cautiously waded through years of data from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we couldn't help but ponder upon the sheer audacity of comparing something as essential as water consumption to the complex world of stock pricing. It was like attempting to mix oil and water, but with statistical methods and spreadsheet sorcery, we managed to unveil correlations that were as surprising as finding a one-dollar bill at the bottom of a swimming pool.
We were particularly interested in Equinix, the global interconnection and data center company that has been making waves in the stock market over the past two decades. With our curiosity piqued, we set sail on this scientific voyage to explore the correlation between this technological giant and a basic human need – water. It was quite the deep dive into realms of data analysis and market trends, but we emerged with findings that seemed to flow as smoothly as a well-designed water distribution system.
As we submerged ourselves into the depths of statistical analysis, we were reminded of the words of the famous scientist, Albert Einstein, who once quipped, "Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted." But in this case, we beg to differ – for in the realm of econometrics and financial analysis, every drop of data counted in our quest to uncover the mysterious connection between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price.
With the stage set for our watertight investigation, we invite readers to dive into the depths with us as we unveil the surprising aqua-stock nexus. As we navigate the currents of correlation coefficients and p-values, we hope to elucidate a connection that could leave even the most seasoned investor exclaiming, "Water marvelous revelation!"

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To start off our investigation into the aqua-stock nexus, we quenched our thirst for data by sifting through the vast reservoir of information available from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). We meticulously collected US bottled water consumption per person data and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) data from the years 2003 to 2022, creating a data pool that flowed as smoothly as a well-maintained irrigation system. With our dataset in hand, we were ready to dive into the depths of statistical analysis and financial correlation, armed with our trusty calculators and a keen sense of humor that would make even the driest statistical methods seem as refreshing as a cool drink of water.

After splashing around in the sea of available data, we decided to employ the venerable Pearson correlation coefficient to measure the strength and direction of the linear relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price. This statistical choice was as dependable as an old faithful water well, providing us with a clear indication of the degree to which these two variables ebb and flow in sync. Our statistical toolbox wasn't complete without also conducting a robust linear regression analysis, giving us a crystal-clear view of how changes in bottled water consumption relate to the fluctuations in Equinix's stock price - a method as reliable as a water cycle.

Before delving into the murky depths of hypothesis testing, we ensured that our data met the assumptions of normality, linearity, and homoscedasticity. With our data swimming in the clear waters of statistical assumptions, we moved on to conduct hypothesis testing to determine if the observed correlation between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price was statistically significant. Our precision in executing these statistical methods was as sharp as a freshly cut diamond, leaving no room for doubt in the veracity of our findings.

As our journey through the currents of statistic brought us closer to the shore of analysis, we also took into account potential confounding variables that might sway the buoyancy of our results. Our rigorous exploration included controlling for market trends, economic indicators, and other relevant factors that could have ruffled the waters of our initial correlation. After navigating these treacherous undercurrents of potential confounders, we emerged with findings that seemed to flow seamlessly as if guided by the gentle hand of a masterful watercourse designer.

Our methodology, while navigating through the unpredictable currents of statistical inquiry, remains as robust as a seaworthy vessel on the high seas. With statistical methods as steadfast as the North Star guiding our course, we were able to chart a course through the disparate worlds of bottled water consumption and stock pricing and unlock the surprising aqua-stock nexus.

As we embark on this scholarly journey, let us not forget the timeless fatherly advice: "When life gives you water and stock data, make a statistical lemonade stand!"


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2003 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9228452, r-squared of 0.8516432, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the fascinating relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) over the period of 2003 to 2022. Using data sourced from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our research team set out to quench the thirst for understanding this unexpected nexus. Our findings revealed a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9228452, with a p-value less than 0.01, indicating a robust statistical association. It seems that when it comes to bottled water consumption and Equinix, there is indeed an undeniable connection – one that could make investors and hydrophiles alike say, "water mesmerizing correlation!"

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
It is often said that "water is life," and for Equinix, it appears that water consumption might also be stock price. In a world where the stock market and consumer behavior seem as unrelated as chalk and cheese, our research has uncovered a surprising and thirst-quenching connection between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). This intriguing relationship has left us feeling quite "refreshed" as we navigate the waters of statistical analysis and stock market dynamics.
Speaking of refreshment, this research endeavor certainly left us feeling like we were diving into uncharted waters. As we cautiously waded through years of data from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we couldn't help but ponder upon the sheer audacity of comparing something as essential as water consumption to the complex world of stock pricing. It was like attempting to mix oil and water, but with statistical methods and spreadsheet sorcery, we managed to unveil correlations that were as surprising as finding a one-dollar bill at the bottom of a swimming pool.
We were particularly interested in Equinix, the global interconnection and data center company that has been making waves in the stock market over the past two decades. With our curiosity piqued, we set sail on this scientific voyage to explore the correlation between this technological giant and a basic human need – water. It was quite the deep dive into realms of data analysis and market trends, but we emerged with findings that seemed to flow as smoothly as a well-designed water distribution system.
As we submerged ourselves into the depths of statistical analysis, we were reminded of the words of the famous scientist, Albert Einstein, who once quipped, "Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted." But in this case, we beg to differ – for in the realm of econometrics and financial analysis, every drop of data counted in our quest to uncover the mysterious connection between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price.
With the stage set for our watertight investigation, we invite readers to dive into the depths with us as we unveil the surprising aqua-stock nexus. As we navigate the currents of correlation coefficients and p-values, we hope to elucidate a connection that could leave even the most seasoned investor exclaiming, "Water marvelous revelation!"

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The analysis of the relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) from 2003 to 2022 revealed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9228452. This suggests that there is indeed a robust statistical association between the two variables. It seems that when it comes to quenching thirst and stock returns, the connection runs deeper than a well!

The r-squared value of 0.8516432 further signifies that approximately 85.16% of the variability in Equinix's stock price can be explained by US bottled water consumption per person. It's as if the stock market is saying, "When it rains, it pours – and so do the stock returns!"

The p-value being less than 0.01 indicates that the observed correlation is statistically significant, further affirming the strength of the relationship uncovered in this enigmatic aqua-stock nexus. One might even say that the association between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price is as clear as... well, bottled water!

We present a scatterplot (Fig. 1) to visually depict the substantial correlation between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price, showcasing how these seemingly disparate variables flow together like a well-crafted statistical symphony.

In conclusion, our findings provide compelling evidence of a compelling connection between the consumption of bottled water in the US and the stock returns of Equinix. The results of this study not only quench our thirst for knowledge but also illustrate the surprising ways in which statistical analysis can reveal unexpected correlations that ripple through the world of economics and finance. So, next time you raise a glass of water or check the stock market, remember – there might just be more connections between the two than meets the eye!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the fascinating relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) over the period of 2003 to 2022. Using data sourced from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our research team set out to quench the thirst for understanding this unexpected nexus. Our findings revealed a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9228452, with a p-value less than 0.01, indicating a robust statistical association. It seems that when it comes to bottled water consumption and Equinix, there is indeed an undeniable connection – one that could make investors and hydrophiles alike say, "water mesmerizing correlation!"

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "Smith et al.," the authors find that bottled water consumption in the United States has been steadily increasing over the past few decades, with consumers showing a growing preference for purified and flavored water products. Meanwhile, "Doe and Jones" reveal that Equinix's stock price has experienced substantial fluctuations, mirroring the ebb and flow of the tech industry's tides.
Now, let's dive into some real page-turners related to our topic. In "Bottled and Sold: The Story Behind Our Obsession with Bottled Water" by Peter H. Gleick, the author delves into the cultural and economic factors driving the bottled water industry, providing a refreshing look at the world of hydration capitalism. On a more whimsical note, in "The Water Knife" by Paolo Bacigalupi, readers are plunged into a dystopian future where water rights are the new currency, highlighting the potential consequences of a world facing water scarcity.
Speaking of scarcity, let's not forget "The Thirst of Vampires," a popular internet meme that humorously equates vampires' thirst for blood with our insatiable thirst for bottled water. As our research has shown, Equinix's stock price may indeed be influenced by something as unexpected as the public's affinity for bottled water. It seems that when it comes to market dynamics, there is truly more than meets the eye – or should we say, more than quenches the thirst?
Returning to our academic explorations, let's not forget the groundbreaking discovery in "lorem ipsum," where the authors uncover a staggeringly high correlation coefficient between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price. It's a connection that flows like a steady stream – or perhaps, more fittingly, like a well-stocked water cooler.
Furthermore, "dolor sit amet" presents evidence of a robust statistical association, with a p-value that would make even the most skeptical researcher raise an eyebrow. It seems that the aqua-stock nexus is more than just a drop in the ocean of market influences; it's a tidal wave of statistical significance.
And now, for a dad joke to lighten the scholarly mood: Why did the bottle of water go to school? Because it wanted to be a little "spring" of knowledge! Just like our research, it's all about expanding our thirst for understanding.
As we continue to unravel the enigmatic relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price, we are reminded that even in the world of serious academic inquiry, there's always room for a splash of humor and unexpected connections. After all, who knew that something as ubiquitous as bottled water could have such a refreshing impact on the stock market?

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) from 2003 to 2022 revealed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9228452. This suggests that there is indeed a robust statistical association between the two variables. It seems that when it comes to quenching thirst and stock returns, the connection runs deeper than a well!
The r-squared value of 0.8516432 further signifies that approximately 85.16% of the variability in Equinix's stock price can be explained by US bottled water consumption per person. It's as if the stock market is saying, "When it rains, it pours – and so do the stock returns!"
The p-value being less than 0.01 indicates that the observed correlation is statistically significant, further affirming the strength of the relationship uncovered in this enigmatic aqua-stock nexus. One might even say that the association between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price is as clear as... well, bottled water!
We present a scatterplot (Fig. 1) to visually depict the substantial correlation between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price, showcasing how these seemingly disparate variables flow together like a well-crafted statistical symphony.
In conclusion, our findings provide compelling evidence of a compelling connection between the consumption of bottled water in the US and the stock returns of Equinix. The results of this study not only quench our thirst for knowledge but also illustrate the surprising ways in which statistical analysis can reveal unexpected correlations that ripple through the world of economics and finance. So, next time you raise a glass of water or check the stock market, remember – there might just be more connections between the two than meets the eye!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The findings of our study unveil a compelling connection between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX), offering a refreshing insight into the aqua-stock nexus. Our results echo the prior research by Smith et al. and Doe and Jones, who highlighted the steady increase in bottled water consumption in the US and the substantial fluctuations in Equinix's stock price. These findings support the idea that market dynamics are influenced by more than meets the eye, or the thirst, for that matter.

As we take a deep dive into our statistical analysis, it becomes evident that the robust correlation coefficient of 0.9228452 aligns with the ground-breaking discovery in "lorem ipsum," uncovering a high correlation between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price. It seems that when it comes to bottled water and stock returns, the connection flows like a well-stocked water cooler – always refreshing and surprisingly influential. Just like a well-hydrated researcher, our data remains clear and consistent.

The r-squared value of 0.8516432 further reinforces these findings, suggesting that approximately 85.16% of the variability in Equinix's stock price can be explained by US bottled water consumption per person. It appears the stock market echoes the sentiment, "When it rains, it pours – and so do the stock returns!" Indeed, the aqua-stock nexus is more than just a drop in the ocean – it's a tidal wave of statistical significance that leaves us swimming in awe.

Furthermore, the p-value being less than 0.01 indicates that the observed correlation is statistically significant, affirming the strength of the relationship uncovered in this enigmatic aqua-stock nexus. One might even say that the association between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price is as clear as... well, bottled water! It seems that our findings don't just quench our thirst for knowledge – they pour a fountain of statistical insights that fluidly flow through the realm of economics and finance.

Now, for a splash of humor to brighten the academic discourse: Why did the statistician go to the aquarium? To test the waters and meet some fintastic correlations! Just like our study, it's all about diving into uncharted seas and making unexpected discoveries. After all, who would have thought that the aqua-stock nexus could make waves in the world of market influences?

In summary, our findings not only satisfy our thirst for knowledge but also illustrate the refreshing impact of statistical analysis on unveiling unexpected correlations. It’s remarkable to see how something as common as bottled water consumption can ripple through the stock market, revealing the surprising interconnectedness of seemingly disparate variables. As we raise a glass to these findings, let's toast to the unexpected, the statistically significant, and the endlessly thought-provoking aqua-stock nexus.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between US Bottled Water Consumption per Person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the fascinating relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) over the period of 2003 to 2022. Using data sourced from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our research team set out to quench the thirst for understanding this unexpected nexus. Our findings revealed a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9228452, with a p-value less than 0.01, indicating a robust statistical association. It seems that when it comes to bottled water consumption and Equinix, there is indeed an undeniable connection – one that could make investors and hydrophiles alike say, "water mesmerizing correlation!"

[[INTRDUCTION]]
It is often said that "water is life," and for Equinix, it appears that water consumption might also be stock price. In a world where the stock market and consumer behavior seem as unrelated as chalk and cheese, our research has uncovered a surprising and thirst-quenching connection between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX). This intriguing relationship has left us feeling quite "refreshed" as we navigate the waters of statistical analysis and stock market dynamics.
Speaking of refreshment, this research endeavor certainly left us feeling like we were diving into uncharted waters. As we cautiously waded through years of data from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we couldn't help but ponder upon the sheer audacity of comparing something as essential as water consumption to the complex world of stock pricing. It was like attempting to mix oil and water, but with statistical methods and spreadsheet sorcery, we managed to unveil correlations that were as surprising as finding a one-dollar bill at the bottom of a swimming pool.
We were particularly interested in Equinix, the global interconnection and data center company that has been making waves in the stock market over the past two decades. With our curiosity piqued, we set sail on this scientific voyage to explore the correlation between this technological giant and a basic human need – water. It was quite the deep dive into realms of data analysis and market trends, but we emerged with findings that seemed to flow as smoothly as a well-designed water distribution system.
As we submerged ourselves into the depths of statistical analysis, we were reminded of the words of the famous scientist, Albert Einstein, who once quipped, "Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted." But in this case, we beg to differ – for in the realm of econometrics and financial analysis, every drop of data counted in our quest to uncover the mysterious connection between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price.
With the stage set for our watertight investigation, we invite readers to dive into the depths with us as we unveil the surprising aqua-stock nexus. As we navigate the currents of correlation coefficients and p-values, we hope to elucidate a connection that could leave even the most seasoned investor exclaiming, "Water marvelous revelation!"

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) from 2003 to 2022 revealed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9228452. This suggests that there is indeed a robust statistical association between the two variables. It seems that when it comes to quenching thirst and stock returns, the connection runs deeper than a well!
The r-squared value of 0.8516432 further signifies that approximately 85.16% of the variability in Equinix's stock price can be explained by US bottled water consumption per person. It's as if the stock market is saying, "When it rains, it pours – and so do the stock returns!"
The p-value being less than 0.01 indicates that the observed correlation is statistically significant, further affirming the strength of the relationship uncovered in this enigmatic aqua-stock nexus. One might even say that the association between bottled water consumption and Equinix's stock price is as clear as... well, bottled water!
We present a scatterplot (Fig. 1) to visually depict the substantial correlation between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price, showcasing how these seemingly disparate variables flow together like a well-crafted statistical symphony.
In conclusion, our findings provide compelling evidence of a compelling connection between the consumption of bottled water in the US and the stock returns of Equinix. The results of this study not only quench our thirst for knowledge but also illustrate the surprising ways in which statistical analysis can reveal unexpected correlations that ripple through the world of economics and finance. So, next time you raise a glass of water or check the stock market, remember – there might just be more connections between the two than meets the eye!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In closing, our research has not only wet our intellectual appetites but has also revealed a refreshing correlation between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) that could make even the most seasoned investor say, "Water marvelous revelation!" It seems that when it comes to market dynamics and hydration, there's more than meets the eye – just like finding a hidden treasure in a sea of data!

The robust correlation coefficient of 0.9228452 and a p-value of less than 0.01 make a splash in the world of statistical associations, emphasizing a connection that flows as smoothly as a well-designed water distribution system. It's as if financial success truly does "spring" from the most unexpected sources!

With an r-squared value of 0.8516432, it appears that approximately 85.16% of the variability in Equinix's stock price can be attributed to US bottled water consumption per person. This finding quenches the thirst for understanding the intricacies of market trends while reminding us that, in the words of Benjamin Franklin, "When the well's dry, we know the worth of water" – and apparently, its impact on stock returns too!

The visually striking scatterplot (Fig. 1) depicting the substantial correlation between these seemingly unrelated variables serves as a powerful reminder that, in the world of statistics, there's always potential for surprising currents to emerge. It's as if financial success truly does "spring" from the most unexpected sources!

In sum, our research not only leaves us feeling "refreshed" but also underscores the captivating ways in which statistical analysis can uncover unexpected connections that ripple through the intricate seas of economics and finance. As we raise a metaphorical glass to this illuminating discovery, one thing is clear – the aqua-stock nexus is a "fountain" of intriguing possibilities!

Thus, with the conclusion of this study, we assert that no further research is needed in this area. After all, we've already "drenched" the subject matter with enough insight to keep us afloat!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Aquatic Economics and Environmental Equilibrium


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The International Institute for Water Resource Management and Equine Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Thirst for Equinix: Unveiling the Aqua-Stock Nexus with an abstract of This paper delves into the fascinating relationship between US bottled water consumption per person and Equinix's stock price (EQIX) over the period of 2003 to 2022. Using data sourced from Statista and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our research team set out to quench the thirst for understanding this unexpected nexus. Our findings revealed a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9228452, with a p-value less than 0.01, indicating a robust statistical association. It seems that when it comes to bottled water consumption and Equinix, there is indeed an undeniable connection – one that could make investors and hydrophiles alike say, "water mesmerizing correlation!

ChatGPT:

bottled water consumption, Equinix stock price, EQIX, US bottled water consumption, Equinix correlation, Aqua-Stock Nexus, bottled water consumption correlation, Equinix stock price correlation, Statista, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, water consumption statistics, stock market correlation, investment opportunities, hydrophilic investments

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

US Bottled Water Consumption per Person
Source: Statista
See what else correlates with US Bottled Water Consumption per Person

Equinix's stock price (EQIX)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Equinix (EQIX) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Equinix's stock price (EQIX)

Correlation r = 0.9228452 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.8516432 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 85.2% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Equinix's stock price (EQIX)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., US Bottled Water Consumption per Person) over the 20 years from 2003 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 6.9E-9. 0.0000000069374752547590534000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.92 in 6.9E-7% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 144,144,658 random variables You don't actually need 144 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 19 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 19 because we have two variables measured over a period of 20 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.81, 0.97 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
US Bottled Water Consumption per Person (Gallons)21.623.225.427.62928.527.628.329.230.83234.136.5394242.34445.24746.5
Equinix's stock price (EQIX) (Stock price)5.6727.8842.3539.8174.8498.5352.8104.980.98101.52208.01174.93226.74299.75357.29453.53349.28583.91718.34845.68




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
    Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([21.6,23.2,25.4,27.6,29,28.5,27.6,28.3,29.2,30.8,32,34.1,36.5,39,42,42.3,44,45.2,47,46.5,])
array_2 = np.array([5.67,27.88,42.35,39.81,74.84,98.53,52.8,104.9,80.98,101.52,208.01,174.93,226.74,299.75,357.29,453.53,349.28,583.91,718.34,845.68,])
array_1_name = "US Bottled Water Consumption per Person"
array_2_name = "Equinix's stock price (EQIX)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

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Correlation ID: 3488 · Black Variable ID: 32 · Red Variable ID: 1674
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