Download png, svg
AI explanation
As more people became well-versed in English, they began crafting incredibly persuasive jingles and slogans for the Public Service Enterprise Group. Customers couldn't resist the catchy advertising, leading to an uptick in demand for the company's services. In other words, the power of proper punctuation and poetic prose propelled PEG's profits to new heights!
Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Create an image of a Discovery magazine cover illustrating a bustling university hall scene. Graduates in academic robes proudly hold their Associate degrees in English language and literature/letters. They are engaged in passionate discussions about classic novels and epic poems, infused with newfound enthusiasm for renewable energy. Meanwhile, in the background, the stock market floor shows the steady rise of the Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG) as news of their cutting-edge renewable energy technologies spreads. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Charcoal A photo-realistic image An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie Concept art A Discovery magazine cover image
ChatGPT: A Discovery magazine cover image
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG), in the following situation: As more people became proficient in classic literature, they started composing epic poems about renewable energy, inspiring Public Service Enterprise Group to develop cutting-edge technologies and boosting their stock price.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling university hall, proud graduates in academic robes held their Associate degrees in English language and literature/letters. They eagerly discussed classic novels and epic poems with a newfound enthusiasm for renewable energy. Meanwhile, on the stock market floor, the Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG) ticker rose steadily as news of their cutting-edge renewable energy technologies spread.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A Discovery magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling university hall, proud graduates in academic robes held their Associate degrees in English language and literature/letters. They eagerly discussed classic novels and epic poems with a newfound enthusiasm for renewable energy. Meanwhile, on the stock market floor, the Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG) ticker rose steadily as news of their cutting-edge renewable energy technologies spread. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Create an image of a Discovery magazine cover illustrating a bustling university hall scene. Graduates in academic robes proudly hold their Associate degrees in English language and literature/letters. They are engaged in passionate discussions about classic novels and epic poems, infused with newfound enthusiasm for renewable energy. Meanwhile, in the background, the stock market floor shows the steady rise of the Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG) as news of their cutting-edge renewable energy technologies spreads.
*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.
I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters caused Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG) to increase.
AI academic paper
 |
A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price Journal of Unlikely Correlations Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real! |
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Include a pun in the title.
Your research team used data from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01 for 2011 to 2021.
Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)
[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price
[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the uncharted territory of the perceived relationship between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). It may sound like comparing apples to oranges, but we found a surprising linkage that is worth more than a sonnet or two.
Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we scrutinized the trends from 2011 to 2021. Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between the number of English degrees awarded and the performance of PEG stock. It seems that when it comes to the market, the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Our research offers insights that could be a real page-turner for investors and academics alike. But before you start loading up on English degrees as stock market indicators, remember - Shakespeare might be great, but he never had to deal with a bear market.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price
[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the uncharted territory of the perceived relationship between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). It may sound like comparing apples to oranges, but we found a surprising linkage that is worth more than a sonnet or two.
Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we scrutinized the trends from 2011 to 2021. Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between the number of English degrees awarded and the performance of PEG stock. It seems that when it comes to the market, the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Our research offers insights that could be a real page-turner for investors and academics alike. But before you start loading up on English degrees as stock market indicators, remember - Shakespeare might be great, but he never had to deal with a bear market.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
William Shakespeare once said, "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players." In the world of academia and finance, it seems that there could be more truth to this statement than meets the eye. It's a tale of two seemingly disparate markets - the literary realm of English language and literature/letters and the bustling arena of stock trading, particularly that of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). But as we peel back the layers of this unlikely pair, we may find that there's more than meets the Iambic pentameter.
The correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of PEG may seem like a puzzling mystery, not unlike a Shakespearean plot twist. However, as we'll see, sometimes the most unexpected connections can yield insights with a Midsummer Night's Dream-like enchantment. After all, what do you call a group of stock traders who love Shakespeare? Bard-ners.
Our study sets out to explore this intriguing relationship, which could potentially shed light on the interplay between educational trends and market dynamics. While it may sound like we've wandered into a comedy of errors, the data we've collected from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) paints a compelling picture. The results might just have you exclaiming, "O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou economic trends?"
But before we dive into our findings, let's remember the words of the Bard himself: "Better a witty fool than a foolish wit." So let's embark on this scholarly journey with due diligence, and perhaps a well-timed pun or two. After all, as Hamlet would say, "Though this be method, yet there is madness in it."
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.
Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.
Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a couple popular internet memes that are related to one of the topics.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price
[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the uncharted territory of the perceived relationship between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). It may sound like comparing apples to oranges, but we found a surprising linkage that is worth more than a sonnet or two.
Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we scrutinized the trends from 2011 to 2021. Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between the number of English degrees awarded and the performance of PEG stock. It seems that when it comes to the market, the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Our research offers insights that could be a real page-turner for investors and academics alike. But before you start loading up on English degrees as stock market indicators, remember - Shakespeare might be great, but he never had to deal with a bear market.
-------
And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
William Shakespeare once said, "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players." In the world of academia and finance, it seems that there could be more truth to this statement than meets the eye. It's a tale of two seemingly disparate markets - the literary realm of English language and literature/letters and the bustling arena of stock trading, particularly that of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). But as we peel back the layers of this unlikely pair, we may find that there's more than meets the Iambic pentameter.
The correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of PEG may seem like a puzzling mystery, not unlike a Shakespearean plot twist. However, as we'll see, sometimes the most unexpected connections can yield insights with a Midsummer Night's Dream-like enchantment. After all, what do you call a group of stock traders who love Shakespeare? Bard-ners.
Our study sets out to explore this intriguing relationship, which could potentially shed light on the interplay between educational trends and market dynamics. While it may sound like we've wandered into a comedy of errors, the data we've collected from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) paints a compelling picture. The results might just have you exclaiming, "O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou economic trends?"
But before we dive into our findings, let's remember the words of the Bard himself: "Better a witty fool than a foolish wit." So let's embark on this scholarly journey with due diligence, and perhaps a well-timed pun or two. After all, as Hamlet would say, "Though this be method, yet there is madness in it."
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Numerous scholarly investigations have endeavored to unravel the enigmatic link between educational pursuits and financial markets. Smith et al. (2015) examined the influence of liberal arts education on stock performance, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of cultural capital. Doe and Jones (2018) delved into the ramifications of humanities degrees on investment strategies, drawing attention to the intangible value of critical thinking skills in market analysis and decision-making. As these studies offer valuable insights, they merely scratch the surface of the potential correlation between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG).
In "The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare," the authors expound on the enduring relevance of Shakespeare's works in contemporary society, underscoring the pervasive influence of the Bard in literature, language, and culture. Similarly, "The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe" provides a comprehensive insight into the enduring legacy of Gothic literature, inviting contemplation of its potential impact on the collective subconscious of investors.
Meanwhile, fictional works such as "The Wolf of Wall Street" and "Moneyball" present compelling narratives set within the financial world, offering a glimpse into the exhilarating highs and devastating lows of market endeavors. These literary works provide an engaging backdrop against which to consider the intersection of academic pursuits and stock price dynamics. After all, what do you get when you cross Edgar Allan Poe with the stock market? A tell-tale ticker.
In the realm of internet memes, the viral "Distracted Boyfriend" meme sheds light on the capricious nature of market trends, serving as a humorous reminder of the fickle decisions made in the ever-evolving landscape of stock trading. Similarly, the "This is Fine" dog meme encapsulates the zeitgeist of market volatility, offering a lighthearted take on the rollercoaster ride of financial investments. While these memes may seem far removed from serious academic discourse, they serve as amusing touchpoints for the eccentricities of market behavior.
As we venture further into the depths of this uncharted correlation, it is imperative to maintain a sense of scholarly rigor, coupled with a healthy dose of humor and whimsy. After all, as Mark Twain once said, "The lack of money is the root of all evil." So let's embark on this peculiar academic journey, armed with literature, laughter, and a steadfast commitment to uncovering the unexpected connections between the world of words and the realm of stocks.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2011 to 2021
Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.
Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price
[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the uncharted territory of the perceived relationship between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). It may sound like comparing apples to oranges, but we found a surprising linkage that is worth more than a sonnet or two.
Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we scrutinized the trends from 2011 to 2021. Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between the number of English degrees awarded and the performance of PEG stock. It seems that when it comes to the market, the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Our research offers insights that could be a real page-turner for investors and academics alike. But before you start loading up on English degrees as stock market indicators, remember - Shakespeare might be great, but he never had to deal with a bear market.
[[INTRODUCTION]]
William Shakespeare once said, "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players." In the world of academia and finance, it seems that there could be more truth to this statement than meets the eye. It's a tale of two seemingly disparate markets - the literary realm of English language and literature/letters and the bustling arena of stock trading, particularly that of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). But as we peel back the layers of this unlikely pair, we may find that there's more than meets the Iambic pentameter.
The correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of PEG may seem like a puzzling mystery, not unlike a Shakespearean plot twist. However, as we'll see, sometimes the most unexpected connections can yield insights with a Midsummer Night's Dream-like enchantment. After all, what do you call a group of stock traders who love Shakespeare? Bard-ners.
Our study sets out to explore this intriguing relationship, which could potentially shed light on the interplay between educational trends and market dynamics. While it may sound like we've wandered into a comedy of errors, the data we've collected from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) paints a compelling picture. The results might just have you exclaiming, "O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou economic trends?"
But before we dive into our findings, let's remember the words of the Bard himself: "Better a witty fool than a foolish wit." So let's embark on this scholarly journey with due diligence, and perhaps a well-timed pun or two. After all, as Hamlet would say, "Though this be method, yet there is madness in it."
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
ChatGPT:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
To embark on this scholarly expedition, our research team embraced a concoction of robust quantitative methodologies with a sprinkle of whimsy. First, we gathered data on the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters from the National Center for Education Statistics. Harnessing the power of data scraping techniques, we navigated through the labyrinth of websites and databases, not unlike Theseus in the maze, to compile a comprehensive dataset spanning the years 2011 to 2021. It was a data-mining expedition fit for a literary odyssey – one might even say it was as challenging as finding a needle in a haystack of Shakespearean sonnets.
Next, we turned to the stock market horizon and set our sights on the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). Extracting daily stock price data from LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we ventured through the market vicissitudes, braving market volatility as intrepidly as Odysseus venturing through the stormy seas. Our goal was to capture the ebbs and flows of PEG's stock price over the same temporal domain as our exploration into the world of English degrees.
Our zany meanderings through the data were then followed by a rigorous statistical analysis, conducted with the solemn seriousness of King Lear, albeit with a sprinkling of comedic relief. Leveraging the power of correlation analysis and time series modeling, we sought to unveil any symbiotic relationship between these seemingly incongruous realms.
To establish causal inferences, we employed a bivariate correlation analysis to examine the strength and direction of the association between the number of English degrees awarded and the stock performance of PEG. Our calculations were as meticulous as a scribe's penmanship in a medieval scriptorium, and as precise as Polonius giving advice to his son, Laertes. The resulting correlation coefficient and its significance level provided the Holy Grail – a quantifiable measure of the nexus between two ostensibly unrelated domains. It's almost as if the numbers were whispering "to be or not to be associated" – a question that we wholeheartedly embraced.
Furthermore, we ventured into the enchanted forest of time series modeling. Through the incantations of ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) models, we sought to unravel the temporal dynamics underlying the observed relationship. Our modeling endeavors may have seemed as obscure as the prophecies of the witches in Macbeth, but we navigated through the complexity with the determination of the Three Witches, albeit minus the brew of eye of newt and toe of frog.
With this combination of gallant data collection, precise statistical analysis, and the occasional jest, our methodology resonates with the inquisitiveness of Horatio in the presence of the ghost of Hamlet's father. In the subsequent section, we shall present the findings of our scholarly escapade, shedding light on the entwined fates of English degrees and PEG stock prices. For as we forge ahead, we bear in mind that as researchers, "we few, we happy few, we band of methodologists," are called to illuminate the obscure and banish ignorance from these hallowed halls of knowledge.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .
For the time period 2011 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.9760781, r-squared of 0.9527284, and p < 0.01.
One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price
[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the uncharted territory of the perceived relationship between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). It may sound like comparing apples to oranges, but we found a surprising linkage that is worth more than a sonnet or two.
Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we scrutinized the trends from 2011 to 2021. Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between the number of English degrees awarded and the performance of PEG stock. It seems that when it comes to the market, the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Our research offers insights that could be a real page-turner for investors and academics alike. But before you start loading up on English degrees as stock market indicators, remember - Shakespeare might be great, but he never had to deal with a bear market.
-------
And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
William Shakespeare once said, "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players." In the world of academia and finance, it seems that there could be more truth to this statement than meets the eye. It's a tale of two seemingly disparate markets - the literary realm of English language and literature/letters and the bustling arena of stock trading, particularly that of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). But as we peel back the layers of this unlikely pair, we may find that there's more than meets the Iambic pentameter.
The correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of PEG may seem like a puzzling mystery, not unlike a Shakespearean plot twist. However, as we'll see, sometimes the most unexpected connections can yield insights with a Midsummer Night's Dream-like enchantment. After all, what do you call a group of stock traders who love Shakespeare? Bard-ners.
Our study sets out to explore this intriguing relationship, which could potentially shed light on the interplay between educational trends and market dynamics. While it may sound like we've wandered into a comedy of errors, the data we've collected from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) paints a compelling picture. The results might just have you exclaiming, "O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou economic trends?"
But before we dive into our findings, let's remember the words of the Bard himself: "Better a witty fool than a foolish wit." So let's embark on this scholarly journey with due diligence, and perhaps a well-timed pun or two. After all, as Hamlet would say, "Though this be method, yet there is madness in it."
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[RESULTS]]
ChatGPT:
[[RESULTS]]
The data analysis unveiled a striking correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG) from 2011 to 2021. The correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 implies a remarkably strong positive relationship, suggesting that as the number of English degrees awarded increased, so did the stock price of PEG. It seems that in the world of finance, a way with words may be just as valuable as a way with numbers.
Moving on to the r-squared value of 0.9527284, we find that approximately 95% of the variation in PEG's stock price can be explained by the number of English degrees awarded. This indicates that the association is not merely a midsummer night's fantasy but is indeed rooted in substantive empirical evidence. It's almost as if the stock market has fallen under the spell of the literary realm.
The p-value of less than 0.01 provides further support for the observed relationship, suggesting that the likelihood of such a strong positive correlation occurring by mere chance is exceedingly low. To put it in perspective, the odds of this connection being sheer coincidence are about as slim as finding a Shakespearean play without a soliloquy.
Moreover, the scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually depicts the robust correlation between the variables, resembling a well-crafted plotline that draws the reader in, leaving little room for doubt. It's a visual reminder that when it comes to the dance of academia and finance, the pen and the stock ticker may not be as far apart as one might think.
In conclusion, our findings not only illuminate the intertwined nature of educational achievements and market performance but also remind us that sometimes the most unexpected pairings can yield meaningful insights. And as we reflect on this unexpected correlation, let us be mindful of the words of wisdom from the bard of Avon himself: "To invest or not to invest, that is the question – whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer the dips and rallies of outrageous fortune, or to buy shares against a sea of troubles."
Clearly, the world of finance and the world of literature are not as distant as they seem, and this correlation might just be the biggest revelation since someone asked, "Should we be calling two stock traders who love Shakespeare Bard-ners or Stoxpeare enthusiasts?"
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Limit your response to 500 tokens.
Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.
Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.
[[TITLE]]
A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price
[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the uncharted territory of the perceived relationship between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). It may sound like comparing apples to oranges, but we found a surprising linkage that is worth more than a sonnet or two.
Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we scrutinized the trends from 2011 to 2021. Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between the number of English degrees awarded and the performance of PEG stock. It seems that when it comes to the market, the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Our research offers insights that could be a real page-turner for investors and academics alike. But before you start loading up on English degrees as stock market indicators, remember - Shakespeare might be great, but he never had to deal with a bear market.
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Numerous scholarly investigations have endeavored to unravel the enigmatic link between educational pursuits and financial markets. Smith et al. (2015) examined the influence of liberal arts education on stock performance, emphasizing the multifaceted nature of cultural capital. Doe and Jones (2018) delved into the ramifications of humanities degrees on investment strategies, drawing attention to the intangible value of critical thinking skills in market analysis and decision-making. As these studies offer valuable insights, they merely scratch the surface of the potential correlation between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG).
In "The Oxford Companion to Shakespeare," the authors expound on the enduring relevance of Shakespeare's works in contemporary society, underscoring the pervasive influence of the Bard in literature, language, and culture. Similarly, "The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe" provides a comprehensive insight into the enduring legacy of Gothic literature, inviting contemplation of its potential impact on the collective subconscious of investors.
Meanwhile, fictional works such as "The Wolf of Wall Street" and "Moneyball" present compelling narratives set within the financial world, offering a glimpse into the exhilarating highs and devastating lows of market endeavors. These literary works provide an engaging backdrop against which to consider the intersection of academic pursuits and stock price dynamics. After all, what do you get when you cross Edgar Allan Poe with the stock market? A tell-tale ticker.
In the realm of internet memes, the viral "Distracted Boyfriend" meme sheds light on the capricious nature of market trends, serving as a humorous reminder of the fickle decisions made in the ever-evolving landscape of stock trading. Similarly, the "This is Fine" dog meme encapsulates the zeitgeist of market volatility, offering a lighthearted take on the rollercoaster ride of financial investments. While these memes may seem far removed from serious academic discourse, they serve as amusing touchpoints for the eccentricities of market behavior.
As we venture further into the depths of this uncharted correlation, it is imperative to maintain a sense of scholarly rigor, coupled with a healthy dose of humor and whimsy. After all, as Mark Twain once said, "The lack of money is the root of all evil." So let's embark on this peculiar academic journey, armed with literature, laughter, and a steadfast commitment to uncovering the unexpected connections between the world of words and the realm of stocks.
[[RESULTS]]
The data analysis unveiled a striking correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG) from 2011 to 2021. The correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 implies a remarkably strong positive relationship, suggesting that as the number of English degrees awarded increased, so did the stock price of PEG. It seems that in the world of finance, a way with words may be just as valuable as a way with numbers.
Moving on to the r-squared value of 0.9527284, we find that approximately 95% of the variation in PEG's stock price can be explained by the number of English degrees awarded. This indicates that the association is not merely a midsummer night's fantasy but is indeed rooted in substantive empirical evidence. It's almost as if the stock market has fallen under the spell of the literary realm.
The p-value of less than 0.01 provides further support for the observed relationship, suggesting that the likelihood of such a strong positive correlation occurring by mere chance is exceedingly low. To put it in perspective, the odds of this connection being sheer coincidence are about as slim as finding a Shakespearean play without a soliloquy.
Moreover, the scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually depicts the robust correlation between the variables, resembling a well-crafted plotline that draws the reader in, leaving little room for doubt. It's a visual reminder that when it comes to the dance of academia and finance, the pen and the stock ticker may not be as far apart as one might think.
In conclusion, our findings not only illuminate the intertwined nature of educational achievements and market performance but also remind us that sometimes the most unexpected pairings can yield meaningful insights. And as we reflect on this unexpected correlation, let us be mindful of the words of wisdom from the bard of Avon himself: "To invest or not to invest, that is the question – whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer the dips and rallies of outrageous fortune, or to buy shares against a sea of troubles."
Clearly, the world of finance and the world of literature are not as distant as they seem, and this correlation might just be the biggest revelation since someone asked, "Should we be calling two stock traders who love Shakespeare Bard-ners or Stoxpeare enthusiasts?"
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[DISCUSSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[DISCUSSION]]
Our results have brought to light an astonishing correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG) over the past decade. These findings align with the existing literature, reaffirming the value of critical thinking and cultural capital in the realm of finance. It seems that when it comes to the stock market, the quill is definitely mightier than the dollar.
In line with the previous research conducted by Smith et al. (2015) and Doe and Jones (2018), our study emphasizes the significance of humanities education in investment strategies. Evidently, the influence of Shakespeare's timeless works and the lasting impact of Gothic literature have extended beyond the confines of the literary world, seeping into the nuanced fabric of market dynamics. Who would have thought that Hamlet's soliloquies and Poe's macabre tales could hold such sway over stock prices? It's like the market has a secret fondness for literary metaphors.
Furthermore, our results fortify the lighthearted observations from the "Distracted Boyfriend" and "This is Fine" memes, underpinning the unpredictable nature of market fluctuations. While they may seem frivolous at first glance, these memes inadvertently capture the capricious behavior of market trends, underscoring the element of unpredictability that our research has unveiled. It's as though the market has a penchant for pulling the rug out from under us, much like a sudden plot twist in a Shakespearean tragedy.
The visual representation of our findings through the scatterplot (Fig. 1) serves as a compelling narrative, akin to a well-crafted literary plotline. This visual metaphor not only substantiates our statistical results but also underscores the seamless integration of academia and finance. It's as if the correlation between the number of English degrees awarded and PEG's stock price has woven a tale that is as engrossing as a classic piece of literature.
In conclusion, our research has not only shed light on the unexpected relationship between education and market performance but has also added a touch of literary flair to the world of finance. As we embark on further investigations into this uncharted territory, it is essential to remember that sometimes, the most unconventional pairings yield the most fascinating results. After all, if there's one thing our research has proven, it's that when it comes to the stock market, the pen truly is mightier than the portfolio.
It's been a journey that's been quite the page-turner, but for now, it's time to close this chapter with a pertinent dad joke. Why did the English degree get a job at the stock exchange? Because it had a way with words, and a knack for turning a phrase – or should I say, a profit!
Now, it's up to further research to determine whether this correlation is mere coincidence or a lasting bond like a well-matched couplet.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.
Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price
[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the uncharted territory of the perceived relationship between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). It may sound like comparing apples to oranges, but we found a surprising linkage that is worth more than a sonnet or two.
Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we scrutinized the trends from 2011 to 2021. Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between the number of English degrees awarded and the performance of PEG stock. It seems that when it comes to the market, the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Our research offers insights that could be a real page-turner for investors and academics alike. But before you start loading up on English degrees as stock market indicators, remember - Shakespeare might be great, but he never had to deal with a bear market.
[[INTRDUCTION]]
William Shakespeare once said, "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players." In the world of academia and finance, it seems that there could be more truth to this statement than meets the eye. It's a tale of two seemingly disparate markets - the literary realm of English language and literature/letters and the bustling arena of stock trading, particularly that of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). But as we peel back the layers of this unlikely pair, we may find that there's more than meets the Iambic pentameter.
The correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of PEG may seem like a puzzling mystery, not unlike a Shakespearean plot twist. However, as we'll see, sometimes the most unexpected connections can yield insights with a Midsummer Night's Dream-like enchantment. After all, what do you call a group of stock traders who love Shakespeare? Bard-ners.
Our study sets out to explore this intriguing relationship, which could potentially shed light on the interplay between educational trends and market dynamics. While it may sound like we've wandered into a comedy of errors, the data we've collected from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) paints a compelling picture. The results might just have you exclaiming, "O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou economic trends?"
But before we dive into our findings, let's remember the words of the Bard himself: "Better a witty fool than a foolish wit." So let's embark on this scholarly journey with due diligence, and perhaps a well-timed pun or two. After all, as Hamlet would say, "Though this be method, yet there is madness in it."
[[RESULTS]]
The data analysis unveiled a striking correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG) from 2011 to 2021. The correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 implies a remarkably strong positive relationship, suggesting that as the number of English degrees awarded increased, so did the stock price of PEG. It seems that in the world of finance, a way with words may be just as valuable as a way with numbers.
Moving on to the r-squared value of 0.9527284, we find that approximately 95% of the variation in PEG's stock price can be explained by the number of English degrees awarded. This indicates that the association is not merely a midsummer night's fantasy but is indeed rooted in substantive empirical evidence. It's almost as if the stock market has fallen under the spell of the literary realm.
The p-value of less than 0.01 provides further support for the observed relationship, suggesting that the likelihood of such a strong positive correlation occurring by mere chance is exceedingly low. To put it in perspective, the odds of this connection being sheer coincidence are about as slim as finding a Shakespearean play without a soliloquy.
Moreover, the scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually depicts the robust correlation between the variables, resembling a well-crafted plotline that draws the reader in, leaving little room for doubt. It's a visual reminder that when it comes to the dance of academia and finance, the pen and the stock ticker may not be as far apart as one might think.
In conclusion, our findings not only illuminate the intertwined nature of educational achievements and market performance but also remind us that sometimes the most unexpected pairings can yield meaningful insights. And as we reflect on this unexpected correlation, let us be mindful of the words of wisdom from the bard of Avon himself: "To invest or not to invest, that is the question – whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer the dips and rallies of outrageous fortune, or to buy shares against a sea of troubles."
Clearly, the world of finance and the world of literature are not as distant as they seem, and this correlation might just be the biggest revelation since someone asked, "Should we be calling two stock traders who love Shakespeare Bard-ners or Stoxpeare enthusiasts?"
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[CONCLUSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[CONCLUSION]]
In conclusion, dear readers, it seems that our research has uncovered a veritable treasure trove of insights into the unexpected correlation between the number of Associates degrees awarded in English language and literature/letters and the stock performance of Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). The strong positive association we have discovered may raise eyebrows, but it undeniably highlights the intertwined nature of seemingly disparate realms - the scholarly pursuit of literature and the bustling world of stock trading.
As we bid adieu to this peculiar yet intriguing correlation, it's worth contemplating a classic Shakespearean jest: "What's the difference between a stock trader and a pigeon? The pigeon can still make a deposit on a BMW." It may seem that even the Bard himself could not have penned a more fitting metaphor for the stock market's unpredictability.
Our findings raise intriguing questions and present an opportunity for further exploration of the intricate interplay between educational trends and market dynamics. Yet, before we get too carried away, let's remember that correlation does not imply causation; just because Hamlet contemplates, it doesn't mean he invests.
In true Shakespearean fashion, we declare that no further research is needed in this area. We've taken "much ado about nothing" and turned it into "much ado about something." For now, let's savor this unexpected connection as a reminder that the world of academia and finance is ripe with mysteries waiting to be unraveled. After all, "All's well that ends well."
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.
ChatGPT:
Journal of Unlikely Correlations
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.
ChatGPT:
Center for Creative Economic Research
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price with an abstract of This paper delves into the uncharted territory of the perceived relationship between the awarding of Associates degrees in English language and literature/letters and the stock price of the Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG). It may sound like comparing apples to oranges, but we found a surprising linkage that is worth more than a sonnet or two.
Using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we scrutinized the trends from 2011 to 2021. Our findings revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9760781 and p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between the number of English degrees awarded and the performance of PEG stock. It seems that when it comes to the market, the pen truly is mightier than the sword.
Our research offers insights that could be a real page-turner for investors and academics alike. But before you start loading up on English degrees as stock market indicators, remember - Shakespeare might be great, but he never had to deal with a bear market.
ChatGPT:
Associates degrees in English language and literature, Public Service Enterprise Group stock price, correlation study, National Center for Education Statistics, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, stock market indicators, English degrees and stock performance, investment insights, stock market correlation, academic research, market trends, Shakespeare and stock market.
*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.
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Data details
Associates degrees awarded in literatureDetailed data title: Associate's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions with a field of study of English language and literature/letters
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
See what else correlates with Associates degrees awarded in literature
Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Public Service Enterprise Group (PEG) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function
See what else correlates with Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.9527284 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 95.3% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Associates degrees awarded in literature) over the 11 years from 2011 through 2021.
p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 2.9E-7. 0.0000002864537915701045000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.98 in 2.9E-5% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 3,490,964 random variables You don't actually need 3 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.
p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.
In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.
Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 10 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 10 because we have two variables measured over a period of 11 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ 0.91, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
| 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
| Associates degrees awarded in literature (Degrees awarded) | 2019 | 2137 | 2089 | 2082 | 2324 | 2551 | 2870 | 3133 | 3340 | 3434 | 3601 |
| Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG) (Stock price) | 32.01 | 33.19 | 30.9 | 31.91 | 41.5 | 38.28 | 44.01 | 51.5 | 51.8 | 59.12 | 58.14 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([2019,2137,2089,2082,2324,2551,2870,3133,3340,3434,3601,])
array_2 = np.array([32.01,33.19,30.9,31.91,41.5,38.28,44.01,51.5,51.8,59.12,58.14,])
array_1_name = "Associates degrees awarded in literature"
array_2_name = "Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG)"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)Reuseable content
You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.
For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."
When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.
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Download images for these variables:
- High resolution line chart
The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape. - High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
- Alternative high resolution line chart
- Scatterplot
- Portable line chart (png)
- Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
- Line chart for only Associates degrees awarded in literature
- Line chart for only Public Service Enterprise Group's stock price (PEG)
- AI-generated correlation image
- The spurious research paper: A Tale of Two Markets: The Bard and the Bull - A Correlational Study of Associates Degrees in English Language and Literature/Letters and Public Service Enterprise Group's Stock Price
Big thanks for reviewing!
Correlation ID: 3355 · Black Variable ID: 1226 · Red Variable ID: 1838
