Spurious correlation #3,203 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and the second variable is Google searches for 'i cant even'. The chart goes from 2004 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and the second variable is Google searches for 'i cant even'. The chart goes from 2004 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As cotton plants became more resistant to pests and diseases, they started exuding a pheromone that inadvertently interfered with the part of the brain responsible for handling overwhelming emotions. This led to a ripple effect in the region, causing a surge in the 'i cant even' moments as people found themselves inexplicably and intensely unable to deal with everyday situations.

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a discovery magazine cover featuring a vast cotton field in Arkansas under the sun. Rows of genetically modified cotton plants reach towards the sky. Further back, a group of people stand, their faces filled with disbelief, as they collectively mutter "I can't even." In the foreground, a person is typing "I can't even" into the search bar on their phone, with the screen filled with search results related to GMO cotton. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for 'i cant even'. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Charcoal A Discovery magazine cover image Cutsy art illustration Cutsy graphics Pop art
ChatGPT: A Discovery magazine cover image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for 'i cant even', in the following situation: The increase in GMO use in cotton in Arkansas caused a boom in "I can't even" Google searches because people couldn't "cotton" on to the idea of genetically modified crops, leaving them in a state of disbelief and causing them to exclaim "I can't even!". Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: A vast cotton field stretches out under the Arkansas sun, with rows of genetically modified cotton plants reaching towards the sky. In the distance, a group of people stand, their faces filled with disbelief as they collectively mutter "I can't even". In the foreground, a person is seen typing "I can't even" into the search bar on their phone, the screen filled with search results related to the topic of GMO cotton.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A Discovery magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: A vast cotton field stretches out under the Arkansas sun, with rows of genetically modified cotton plants reaching towards the sky. In the distance, a group of people stand, their faces filled with disbelief as they collectively mutter "I can't even". In the foreground, a person is seen typing "I can't even" into the search bar on their phone, the screen filled with search results related to the topic of GMO cotton. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a discovery magazine cover featuring a vast cotton field in Arkansas under the sun. Rows of genetically modified cotton plants reach towards the sky. Further back, a group of people stand, their faces filled with disbelief, as they collectively mutter "I can't even." In the foreground, a person is typing "I can't even" into the search bar on their phone, with the screen filled with search results related to GMO cotton.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in GMO use in cotton in Arkansas caused i cant even (Google searches for 'i cant even') to increase. Make it feel plausible.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches

The Journal of Agricultural Absurdities

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for 'i cant even'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Perhaps you also got inspiration from some board games that are vaugely related.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study explores the unexpected intersection of genetically modified organism (GMO) use in cotton farming and the frequency of Google searches for the phrase "I can't even" in the state of Arkansas. Utilizing comprehensive data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Google Trends, our research team uncovered a remarkable correlation between these seemingly disparate phenomena. The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2004 to 2022 suggests a strong connection that demands closer examination. We delve into the potential implications of this correlation, considering the socio-cultural undercurrents and the subtle influence of agriculture on internet search behavior. Our findings provoke intriguing questions about the impact of GMO adoption on the fabric of public sentiment and expression, while also presenting an opportunity to weave together the seemingly unconnected threads of agricultural practices and online colloquialisms.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The widespread adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas has sparked a myriad of debates, discussions, and investigations into its effects on agricultural productivity, environmental impact, and consumer health. Despite the scientific rigor applied to evaluating these tangible outcomes, our study takes an unconventional detour into the realm of digital behavior and linguistic expression. We are confronted with an enigma that raises the question: could there be an unexpected relationship between the cultivation of GM cotton and the emergence of the popular colloquial phrase "I can't even"?
As we embark on this exploration, we are reminded of the eclectic nature of research pursuits. In a field where correlations are often sought in an array of variables, our investigation exemplifies the unpredictable meanderings of intellectual curiosity. The opportunity to unravel an unexpected connection between biotechnology and internet linguistics is akin to venturing into the unexplored territories of a scientific wilderness. The very nature of research sometimes leads us down unforeseen paths, much like stumbling upon a hidden trail while navigating the dense undergrowth of data analysis.
Against the backdrop of statistical analyses and theoretical frameworks, it is vital to remain receptive to the possibility of unanticipated discoveries. Our endeavor to elucidate the tangled web of associations between the implementation of GM cotton and the digital utterances of "I can't even" serves as a testament to the serendipitous nature of scientific inquiry. This unorthodox juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated variables underscores the importance of maintaining a broad perspective in the pursuit of knowledge, much like connecting disparate puzzle pieces to reveal an unexpected image.
The trajectory of scientific investigation is often characterized by the pursuit of logical, predictable patterns and causes. However, the culmination of great scientific insights frequently arises from embracing the unexpected and at times, seemingly absurd interconnections. The search for better comprehension does not always follow a linear path; it necessitates the willingness to entertain unanticipated insights and venture into uncharted intellectual terrain, much like embarking on a labyrinthine journey of knowledge acquisition.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we will meticulously unravel the intricacies of this unexpected correlation, employing robust methodologies and analyses to probe the underlying mechanisms. As we embark on this intellectual excursion, we are reminded that the pursuit of knowledge occasionally calls for a detour into offbeat avenues, where the most remarkable discoveries may await – much like stumbling upon an intriguing anomaly while traversing the terra incognita of research.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The authors find in "Smith et al." an extensive analysis of the adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in the agricultural landscape of Arkansas. This comprehensive study delves into the economic ramifications, environmental implications, and agronomic performance associated with the cultivation of GM cotton in the region. Additionally, "Doe and Smith" provide insight into the behavioral patterns of cotton farmers in response to the introduction of GM cotton, shedding light on the decision-making processes and adaptive strategies prevalent in this context. Moreover, "Jones and Brown" offer a nuanced examination of internet search trends and linguistic expressions, albeit in a different geographic context.

As we pivot toward a more intricate examination of the intersection between GM cotton adoption and online colloquialisms, it is imperative to consider the broader sociocultural milieu. The works of "Adams" and "Wilson" illuminate the ever-evolving dynamics of language and communication in the digital era, elucidating the intricacies of lexical innovation and the dissemination of linguistic trends. Furthermore, "Garcia" presents an anthropological perspective on the impact of technological advancements on human expression and interaction, offering valuable insights into the interconnectedness of agricultural practices and virtual communication.

In the realm of fiction literature, the evocative narratives of "The Secret Life of Bees" by Sue Monk Kidd and "The Cotton Queen" by Pamela Morsi evoke the transcendental allure of cotton as a symbol of resilience and transformation. These poignant literary works resonate with the enduring cultural significance of cotton cultivation, infusing a sense of lyrical whimsy into the ostensibly pragmatic domain of agricultural discourse.

Drawing inspiration from the world of board games, the strategic intricacies of "Agricola" and the serendipitous discoveries of "Carcassonne" mirror the multifaceted nature of agricultural endeavors and the unforeseen connections that may arise amidst seemingly disparate elements. These analogical musings beckon us to appreciate the whimsical interplay of chance and intentionality in the complexities of agricultural practices and societal phenomena.

The juxtaposition of these academic and cultural touchstones sets the stage for a captivating exploration of the entwined domains of genetically modified cotton cultivation and the idiosyncrasies of online expression. This synthesis of divergent sources forms the backdrop against which the authors’ investigation unfolds, offering a lens through which to unravel the enigmatic correlation between GM cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for "I can't even."

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for 'i cant even'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and Google Trends . You used data from 2004 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study explores the unexpected intersection of genetically modified organism (GMO) use in cotton farming and the frequency of Google searches for the phrase "I can't even" in the state of Arkansas. Utilizing comprehensive data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Google Trends, our research team uncovered a remarkable correlation between these seemingly disparate phenomena. The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2004 to 2022 suggests a strong connection that demands closer examination. We delve into the potential implications of this correlation, considering the socio-cultural undercurrents and the subtle influence of agriculture on internet search behavior. Our findings provoke intriguing questions about the impact of GMO adoption on the fabric of public sentiment and expression, while also presenting an opportunity to weave together the seemingly unconnected threads of agricultural practices and online colloquialisms.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The widespread adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas has sparked a myriad of debates, discussions, and investigations into its effects on agricultural productivity, environmental impact, and consumer health. Despite the scientific rigor applied to evaluating these tangible outcomes, our study takes an unconventional detour into the realm of digital behavior and linguistic expression. We are confronted with an enigma that raises the question: could there be an unexpected relationship between the cultivation of GM cotton and the emergence of the popular colloquial phrase "I can't even"?
As we embark on this exploration, we are reminded of the eclectic nature of research pursuits. In a field where correlations are often sought in an array of variables, our investigation exemplifies the unpredictable meanderings of intellectual curiosity. The opportunity to unravel an unexpected connection between biotechnology and internet linguistics is akin to venturing into the unexplored territories of a scientific wilderness. The very nature of research sometimes leads us down unforeseen paths, much like stumbling upon a hidden trail while navigating the dense undergrowth of data analysis.
Against the backdrop of statistical analyses and theoretical frameworks, it is vital to remain receptive to the possibility of unanticipated discoveries. Our endeavor to elucidate the tangled web of associations between the implementation of GM cotton and the digital utterances of "I can't even" serves as a testament to the serendipitous nature of scientific inquiry. This unorthodox juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated variables underscores the importance of maintaining a broad perspective in the pursuit of knowledge, much like connecting disparate puzzle pieces to reveal an unexpected image.
The trajectory of scientific investigation is often characterized by the pursuit of logical, predictable patterns and causes. However, the culmination of great scientific insights frequently arises from embracing the unexpected and at times, seemingly absurd interconnections. The search for better comprehension does not always follow a linear path; it necessitates the willingness to entertain unanticipated insights and venture into uncharted intellectual terrain, much like embarking on a labyrinthine journey of knowledge acquisition.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we will meticulously unravel the intricacies of this unexpected correlation, employing robust methodologies and analyses to probe the underlying mechanisms. As we embark on this intellectual excursion, we are reminded that the pursuit of knowledge occasionally calls for a detour into offbeat avenues, where the most remarkable discoveries may await – much like stumbling upon an intriguing anomaly while traversing the terra incognita of research.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

The methodology employed in this study combined a multi-faceted approach to comprehensively capture and analyze the relationship between GMO use in cotton farming in Arkansas and Google searches for the colloquial expression "I can't even" from 2004 to 2022. The data collection process was conducted with meticulous care, akin to tending to a delicate specimen in a controlled laboratory setting.

Utilizing publicly available data sources, including the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Google Trends, we gathered information on the adoption of genetically modified cotton in Arkansas as well as the frequency of searches for the phrase "I can't even" in the same geographic region. These datasets were akin to the distinct pieces of a nebulous puzzle, waiting to be assembled by the steady hands of scientific inquiry.

To quantify the presence of genetically modified cotton in Arkansas, we referenced annual reports from the USDA, resembling the gathering of specimens for analysis under stringent laboratory conditions. The data on GMO adoption rates served as the foundational building blocks for our investigation, providing the raw materials for our subsequent statistical analyses.

The frequency of Google searches for the phrase "I can't even" served as a proxy for online linguistic expression, akin to observing the behaviors of an elusive species in their natural habitat. By utilizing Google Trends, we accessed and documented the ebb and flow of this colloquial phrase's prevalence in Arkansas over the specified time period. The choice of this unconventional variable underscored the unorthodox nature of our investigation, akin to incorporating an unexpected element into the controlled environment of a scientific experiment.

Upon amassing these disparate datasets, we engaged in a rigorous process of statistical analysis resembling the intricate weaving of threads to reveal a cohesive fabric of understanding. Leveraging advanced statistical tools such as correlation analysis, we quantified the association between the adoption of GMO cotton and the frequency of "I can't even" searches, recognizing the need to ascertain the robustness of any observed patterns. This process was akin to scrutinizing the minutiae of a complex cellular structure, searching for intrinsic connections that might underpin broader phenomena.

In doing so, we meticulously accounted for potential confounding variables, recognizing the importance of isolating the specific relationship between GMO adoption and online linguistic behavior. By applying robust statistical methodologies, we sought to distill the underlying signals from the noise of extraneous influences, akin to extracting a rare compound from a mixture of chemical elements.

The analytical process culminated in the determination of a correlation coefficient, a numerical representation of the strength and direction of the relationship between GMO adoption in cotton farming and "I can't even" searches. This statistical metric was akin to the measurement of a pivotal characteristic in a complex biological system, offering insight into the interplay of the variables under scrutiny.

Throughout this methodological journey, we remained mindful of the unique intersection of agricultural science and digital behavior, recognizing the idiosyncratic nature of our investigation. Our approach mirrored the intricacies of a delicate dance, where the cadence of statistical analysis harmonized with the unexpected rhythms of linguistic expression, yielding novel insights into the potential connections between GMO adoption and online colloquialisms.

By fusing traditional agricultural data with digital behavioral indicators, our methodology embraced the atypical and unanticipated, akin to conducting an experiment where disparate elements converge in unanticipated ways. This heterodox approach underscored our commitment to unraveling the captivating conundrum at the heart of this study, where the threads of genetically modified cotton and online linguistic expression intertwine in a captivating tapestry of scientific inquiry.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for 'i cant even'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and Google Trends .

For the time period 2004 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.8868590, r-squared of 0.7865190, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study explores the unexpected intersection of genetically modified organism (GMO) use in cotton farming and the frequency of Google searches for the phrase "I can't even" in the state of Arkansas. Utilizing comprehensive data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Google Trends, our research team uncovered a remarkable correlation between these seemingly disparate phenomena. The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2004 to 2022 suggests a strong connection that demands closer examination. We delve into the potential implications of this correlation, considering the socio-cultural undercurrents and the subtle influence of agriculture on internet search behavior. Our findings provoke intriguing questions about the impact of GMO adoption on the fabric of public sentiment and expression, while also presenting an opportunity to weave together the seemingly unconnected threads of agricultural practices and online colloquialisms.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The widespread adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas has sparked a myriad of debates, discussions, and investigations into its effects on agricultural productivity, environmental impact, and consumer health. Despite the scientific rigor applied to evaluating these tangible outcomes, our study takes an unconventional detour into the realm of digital behavior and linguistic expression. We are confronted with an enigma that raises the question: could there be an unexpected relationship between the cultivation of GM cotton and the emergence of the popular colloquial phrase "I can't even"?
As we embark on this exploration, we are reminded of the eclectic nature of research pursuits. In a field where correlations are often sought in an array of variables, our investigation exemplifies the unpredictable meanderings of intellectual curiosity. The opportunity to unravel an unexpected connection between biotechnology and internet linguistics is akin to venturing into the unexplored territories of a scientific wilderness. The very nature of research sometimes leads us down unforeseen paths, much like stumbling upon a hidden trail while navigating the dense undergrowth of data analysis.
Against the backdrop of statistical analyses and theoretical frameworks, it is vital to remain receptive to the possibility of unanticipated discoveries. Our endeavor to elucidate the tangled web of associations between the implementation of GM cotton and the digital utterances of "I can't even" serves as a testament to the serendipitous nature of scientific inquiry. This unorthodox juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated variables underscores the importance of maintaining a broad perspective in the pursuit of knowledge, much like connecting disparate puzzle pieces to reveal an unexpected image.
The trajectory of scientific investigation is often characterized by the pursuit of logical, predictable patterns and causes. However, the culmination of great scientific insights frequently arises from embracing the unexpected and at times, seemingly absurd interconnections. The search for better comprehension does not always follow a linear path; it necessitates the willingness to entertain unanticipated insights and venture into uncharted intellectual terrain, much like embarking on a labyrinthine journey of knowledge acquisition.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we will meticulously unravel the intricacies of this unexpected correlation, employing robust methodologies and analyses to probe the underlying mechanisms. As we embark on this intellectual excursion, we are reminded that the pursuit of knowledge occasionally calls for a detour into offbeat avenues, where the most remarkable discoveries may await – much like stumbling upon an intriguing anomaly while traversing the terra incognita of research.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]

ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The data analysis revealed a striking correlation between the adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas and the frequency of Google searches for the colloquial phrase "I can't even." The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 suggests a strong positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This implies that as the use of GMO cotton increased in Arkansas, there was a corresponding rise in the number of searches for the phrase "I can't even" on Google.

Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) of 0.7865190 indicates that approximately 78.65% of the variability in the frequency of "I can't even" searches can be explained by the changes in GM cotton adoption. Such a high r-squared value emphasizes the robustness of the relationship and underscores the potential influence of agricultural practices on digital behavior. It appears that the cultivation of GM cotton may indeed be woven into the fabric of internet colloquialisms, contributing significantly to the prevalence of this particular expression in the online sphere.

The statistical significance level of p < 0.01 provides strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis and confirms the presence of a meaningful relationship between the variables. This indicates that the observed correlation is unlikely to be due to random chance, but rather reflects a genuine association between GMO cotton use and the frequency of "I can't even" searches.

Figure 1 presents a scatterplot depicting the pronounced correlation between GM cotton adoption and "I can't even" searches. The scatterplot visually encapsulates the strength and direction of the relationship, illustrating how the two variables coalesce into a coherent pattern. It serves as a graphical testament to the unexpected interconnectedness between agricultural practices and online linguistic phenomena.

The findings of this study prompt us to reassess the conventional boundaries of influence, as they underscore the interconnectedness of seemingly unrelated domains. This correlation challenges the traditional compartmentalization of scientific inquiry and beckons for a broader perspective that acknowledges the intricate imbrication of diverse facets of human activity. The unexpected coherence between GMO cotton and "I can't even" searches invites contemplation on the subtle and unanticipated ways in which agricultural practices may permeate digital vernacular.

This revelation pokes fun at the seriousness of more conventional scientific inquiries and tickles the fancy of those who appreciate the serendipitous nature of research. After all, who would have thought that genetically modified cotton could also be spinning a yarn in the digital realm? The implications of this correlation on popular culture and linguistic trends open the door to a whole new dimension of inquiry, reminding us that scientific research is not always a straight-laced affair but can elicit chuckles and surprise in unexpected places.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for 'i cant even'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study explores the unexpected intersection of genetically modified organism (GMO) use in cotton farming and the frequency of Google searches for the phrase "I can't even" in the state of Arkansas. Utilizing comprehensive data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Google Trends, our research team uncovered a remarkable correlation between these seemingly disparate phenomena. The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2004 to 2022 suggests a strong connection that demands closer examination. We delve into the potential implications of this correlation, considering the socio-cultural undercurrents and the subtle influence of agriculture on internet search behavior. Our findings provoke intriguing questions about the impact of GMO adoption on the fabric of public sentiment and expression, while also presenting an opportunity to weave together the seemingly unconnected threads of agricultural practices and online colloquialisms.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The authors find in "Smith et al." an extensive analysis of the adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in the agricultural landscape of Arkansas. This comprehensive study delves into the economic ramifications, environmental implications, and agronomic performance associated with the cultivation of GM cotton in the region. Additionally, "Doe and Smith" provide insight into the behavioral patterns of cotton farmers in response to the introduction of GM cotton, shedding light on the decision-making processes and adaptive strategies prevalent in this context. Moreover, "Jones and Brown" offer a nuanced examination of internet search trends and linguistic expressions, albeit in a different geographic context.
As we pivot toward a more intricate examination of the intersection between GM cotton adoption and online colloquialisms, it is imperative to consider the broader sociocultural milieu. The works of "Adams" and "Wilson" illuminate the ever-evolving dynamics of language and communication in the digital era, elucidating the intricacies of lexical innovation and the dissemination of linguistic trends. Furthermore, "Garcia" presents an anthropological perspective on the impact of technological advancements on human expression and interaction, offering valuable insights into the interconnectedness of agricultural practices and virtual communication.
In the realm of fiction literature, the evocative narratives of "The Secret Life of Bees" by Sue Monk Kidd and "The Cotton Queen" by Pamela Morsi evoke the transcendental allure of cotton as a symbol of resilience and transformation. These poignant literary works resonate with the enduring cultural significance of cotton cultivation, infusing a sense of lyrical whimsy into the ostensibly pragmatic domain of agricultural discourse.
Drawing inspiration from the world of board games, the strategic intricacies of "Agricola" and the serendipitous discoveries of "Carcassonne" mirror the multifaceted nature of agricultural endeavors and the unforeseen connections that may arise amidst seemingly disparate elements. These analogical musings beckon us to appreciate the whimsical interplay of chance and intentionality in the complexities of agricultural practices and societal phenomena.
The juxtaposition of these academic and cultural touchstones sets the stage for a captivating exploration of the entwined domains of genetically modified cotton cultivation and the idiosyncrasies of online expression. This synthesis of divergent sources forms the backdrop against which the authors’ investigation unfolds, offering a lens through which to unravel the enigmatic correlation between GM cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for "I can't even."

[[RESULTS]]
The data analysis revealed a striking correlation between the adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas and the frequency of Google searches for the colloquial phrase "I can't even." The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 suggests a strong positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This implies that as the use of GMO cotton increased in Arkansas, there was a corresponding rise in the number of searches for the phrase "I can't even" on Google.
Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) of 0.7865190 indicates that approximately 78.65% of the variability in the frequency of "I can't even" searches can be explained by the changes in GM cotton adoption. Such a high r-squared value emphasizes the robustness of the relationship and underscores the potential influence of agricultural practices on digital behavior. It appears that the cultivation of GM cotton may indeed be woven into the fabric of internet colloquialisms, contributing significantly to the prevalence of this particular expression in the online sphere.
The statistical significance level of p < 0.01 provides strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis and confirms the presence of a meaningful relationship between the variables. This indicates that the observed correlation is unlikely to be due to random chance, but rather reflects a genuine association between GMO cotton use and the frequency of "I can't even" searches.
Figure 1 presents a scatterplot depicting the pronounced correlation between GM cotton adoption and "I can't even" searches. The scatterplot visually encapsulates the strength and direction of the relationship, illustrating how the two variables coalesce into a coherent pattern. It serves as a graphical testament to the unexpected interconnectedness between agricultural practices and online linguistic phenomena.
The findings of this study prompt us to reassess the conventional boundaries of influence, as they underscore the interconnectedness of seemingly unrelated domains. This correlation challenges the traditional compartmentalization of scientific inquiry and beckons for a broader perspective that acknowledges the intricate imbrication of diverse facets of human activity. The unexpected coherence between GMO cotton and "I can't even" searches invites contemplation on the subtle and unanticipated ways in which agricultural practices may permeate digital vernacular.
This revelation pokes fun at the seriousness of more conventional scientific inquiries and tickles the fancy of those who appreciate the serendipitous nature of research. After all, who would have thought that genetically modified cotton could also be spinning a yarn in the digital realm? The implications of this correlation on popular culture and linguistic trends open the door to a whole new dimension of inquiry, reminding us that scientific research is not always a straight-laced affair but can elicit chuckles and surprise in unexpected places.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The presence of a strong positive correlation between the adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas and the frequency of Google searches for the colloquial phrase "I can't even" gives rise to intriguing speculations. The robust statistical relationship observed in this study aligns with prior research on the subtle, and at times whimsical, interconnectedness of seemingly distinct domains. Our findings echo the insightful musings of "Adams" and "Wilson," who have expounded upon the evolutionary dynamics of language in the digital age, foreshadowing the confluence of agricultural practices and virtual expression that we have unveiled.

The substantial coefficient of determination (r-squared) of 0.7865190 not only emphasizes the potency of the relationship but also prompts a sardonic chuckle at the thought that approximately 78.65% of the variability in the frequency of "I can't even" searches can be ascribed to fluctuations in GM cotton adoption. This statistic, with its almost poetic precision, underscores the intricate imbrication of agricultural endeavors and digital discourse, effectively spinning a complex web that elicits both scholarly contemplation and wry amusement.

The statistical significance level of p < 0.01, akin to a rare gem amidst the rough terrain of statistical inquiry, provides a compelling validation of the genuine association between GMO cotton use and the frequency of "I can't even" searches. It is an outcome that prompts one to marvel at the serendipitous discoveries and humorous twists that lay concealed within the labyrinth of research and data analysis, reminding us that science, much like life itself, possesses an inimitable capacity for surprise and whimsy.

As we reflect upon the implications of our findings, it becomes evident that the far-reaching influence of agricultural practices transcends the conventional boundaries of scientific inquiry, permeating even the digital vernacular. The unexpected coherence between GMO cotton and "I can't even" searches unveils a novel dimension of inquiry, beckoning us to relinquish the rigidity of traditional scientific compartmentalization. This revelation is a testament to the capricious nature of research, orchestrating a symphony of sly humor and unforeseen connections that appeal to the curious intellect and tickle the fancy of those who revel in the whimsical interplay of statistical forces.

In conclusion, the intertwining threads of genetically modified cotton cultivation and online colloquialisms illuminate the multidimensional tapestry of scientific investigation and cultural insight. While the ever-evolving landscape of research may be fraught with complexities, it is also rife with delightful surprises and unexpected harmonies, prompting us to approach inquiry with an open mind and a keen sense of humor.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton in Arkansas and Google searches for 'i cant even'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study explores the unexpected intersection of genetically modified organism (GMO) use in cotton farming and the frequency of Google searches for the phrase "I can't even" in the state of Arkansas. Utilizing comprehensive data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Google Trends, our research team uncovered a remarkable correlation between these seemingly disparate phenomena. The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2004 to 2022 suggests a strong connection that demands closer examination. We delve into the potential implications of this correlation, considering the socio-cultural undercurrents and the subtle influence of agriculture on internet search behavior. Our findings provoke intriguing questions about the impact of GMO adoption on the fabric of public sentiment and expression, while also presenting an opportunity to weave together the seemingly unconnected threads of agricultural practices and online colloquialisms.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The widespread adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas has sparked a myriad of debates, discussions, and investigations into its effects on agricultural productivity, environmental impact, and consumer health. Despite the scientific rigor applied to evaluating these tangible outcomes, our study takes an unconventional detour into the realm of digital behavior and linguistic expression. We are confronted with an enigma that raises the question: could there be an unexpected relationship between the cultivation of GM cotton and the emergence of the popular colloquial phrase "I can't even"?
As we embark on this exploration, we are reminded of the eclectic nature of research pursuits. In a field where correlations are often sought in an array of variables, our investigation exemplifies the unpredictable meanderings of intellectual curiosity. The opportunity to unravel an unexpected connection between biotechnology and internet linguistics is akin to venturing into the unexplored territories of a scientific wilderness. The very nature of research sometimes leads us down unforeseen paths, much like stumbling upon a hidden trail while navigating the dense undergrowth of data analysis.
Against the backdrop of statistical analyses and theoretical frameworks, it is vital to remain receptive to the possibility of unanticipated discoveries. Our endeavor to elucidate the tangled web of associations between the implementation of GM cotton and the digital utterances of "I can't even" serves as a testament to the serendipitous nature of scientific inquiry. This unorthodox juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated variables underscores the importance of maintaining a broad perspective in the pursuit of knowledge, much like connecting disparate puzzle pieces to reveal an unexpected image.
The trajectory of scientific investigation is often characterized by the pursuit of logical, predictable patterns and causes. However, the culmination of great scientific insights frequently arises from embracing the unexpected and at times, seemingly absurd interconnections. The search for better comprehension does not always follow a linear path; it necessitates the willingness to entertain unanticipated insights and venture into uncharted intellectual terrain, much like embarking on a labyrinthine journey of knowledge acquisition.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we will meticulously unravel the intricacies of this unexpected correlation, employing robust methodologies and analyses to probe the underlying mechanisms. As we embark on this intellectual excursion, we are reminded that the pursuit of knowledge occasionally calls for a detour into offbeat avenues, where the most remarkable discoveries may await – much like stumbling upon an intriguing anomaly while traversing the terra incognita of research.

[[RESULTS]]
The data analysis revealed a striking correlation between the adoption of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas and the frequency of Google searches for the colloquial phrase "I can't even." The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 suggests a strong positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This implies that as the use of GMO cotton increased in Arkansas, there was a corresponding rise in the number of searches for the phrase "I can't even" on Google.
Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) of 0.7865190 indicates that approximately 78.65% of the variability in the frequency of "I can't even" searches can be explained by the changes in GM cotton adoption. Such a high r-squared value emphasizes the robustness of the relationship and underscores the potential influence of agricultural practices on digital behavior. It appears that the cultivation of GM cotton may indeed be woven into the fabric of internet colloquialisms, contributing significantly to the prevalence of this particular expression in the online sphere.
The statistical significance level of p < 0.01 provides strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis and confirms the presence of a meaningful relationship between the variables. This indicates that the observed correlation is unlikely to be due to random chance, but rather reflects a genuine association between GMO cotton use and the frequency of "I can't even" searches.
Figure 1 presents a scatterplot depicting the pronounced correlation between GM cotton adoption and "I can't even" searches. The scatterplot visually encapsulates the strength and direction of the relationship, illustrating how the two variables coalesce into a coherent pattern. It serves as a graphical testament to the unexpected interconnectedness between agricultural practices and online linguistic phenomena.
The findings of this study prompt us to reassess the conventional boundaries of influence, as they underscore the interconnectedness of seemingly unrelated domains. This correlation challenges the traditional compartmentalization of scientific inquiry and beckons for a broader perspective that acknowledges the intricate imbrication of diverse facets of human activity. The unexpected coherence between GMO cotton and "I can't even" searches invites contemplation on the subtle and unanticipated ways in which agricultural practices may permeate digital vernacular.
This revelation pokes fun at the seriousness of more conventional scientific inquiries and tickles the fancy of those who appreciate the serendipitous nature of research. After all, who would have thought that genetically modified cotton could also be spinning a yarn in the digital realm? The implications of this correlation on popular culture and linguistic trends open the door to a whole new dimension of inquiry, reminding us that scientific research is not always a straight-laced affair but can elicit chuckles and surprise in unexpected places.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, the findings of this research project shed light on the unusual yet compelling relationship between the deployment of genetically modified (GM) cotton in Arkansas and the frequency of searches for the exasperated expression "I can't even" on Google. The remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 and the high level of statistical significance indicate a strong association between these seemingly incongruous variables, prompting us to unravel the tangled web that intertwines biotechnology and internet linguistics.

The discovery of this correlation not only adds a touch of whimsy to the often sober world of scholarly inquiry but also underscores the multifaceted, intricate interactions that permeate the fabric of human activity. The evidence presented in this study challenges conventional boundaries of influence, inviting us to contemplate the unexpected ways in which agricultural practices resonate in digital communication. It is a stark reminder that scientific inquiry, despite its solemn visage, can harbor unexpected amusement and intellectual twists.

This research also serves as a reminder of the inherent unpredictability of scientific pursuits, where the most surprising connections may be unveiled amidst the labyrinth of data analysis. It encourages a broadened perspective in the pursuit of knowledge, one that does not shy away from exploring uncharted terrain and embracing the potential for delightful surprises. As such, this study epitomizes the idiosyncratic nature of scientific investigation, where the most remarkable insights often emerge from the unanticipated juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated variables.

In light of these findings, it is evident that no more research is needed in this area. This study enlightens and entertains, laying to rest any doubts about the impact of GMO cotton on exasperated internet searches.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Agricultural Absurdities

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Advanced Agricultural Anecdotes

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches with an abstract of This study explores the unexpected intersection of genetically modified organism (GMO) use in cotton farming and the frequency of Google searches for the phrase "I can't even" in the state of Arkansas. Utilizing comprehensive data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Google Trends, our research team uncovered a remarkable correlation between these seemingly disparate phenomena. The correlation coefficient of 0.8868590 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2004 to 2022 suggests a strong connection that demands closer examination. We delve into the potential implications of this correlation, considering the socio-cultural undercurrents and the subtle influence of agriculture on internet search behavior. Our findings provoke intriguing questions about the impact of GMO adoption on the fabric of public sentiment and expression, while also presenting an opportunity to weave together the seemingly unconnected threads of agricultural practices and online colloquialisms.

ChatGPT:

GMO cotton, Arkansas, agriculture, genetically modified organism, Google searches, "I can't even", correlation, United States Department of Agriculture, USDA, Google Trends, socio-cultural impact, public sentiment, internet search behavior, genetically modified cotton, cotton farming

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

GMO use in cotton in Arkansas
Detailed data title: Percent of cotton planted in Arkansas genetically modified with both Bt and HT
Source: USDA
See what else correlates with GMO use in cotton in Arkansas

Google searches for 'i cant even'
Detailed data title: Relative volume of Google searches for 'i cant even' (Worldwide, without quotes)
Source: Google Trends
Additional Info: ^{See full details} Relative search volume (not absolute numbers)

See what else correlates with Google searches for 'i cant even'

Correlation r = 0.8868590 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.7865190 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 78.7% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Google searches for 'i cant even') is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., GMO use in cotton in Arkansas) over the 19 years from 2004 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 4.2E-7.^Show 0.0000004226821437884779000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.89 in 4.2E-5% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 2,365,844 random variables^Note You don't actually need 2 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 18 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 18 because we have two variables measured over a period of 19 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.72, 0.96 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
GMO use in cotton in Arkansas (GMO cotton %)	45	42	45	47	64	64	76	73	77	63	74	80	84	79	76	82	75	78	88
Google searches for 'i cant even' (Rel. search volume)	11.8333	24	33.5833	32	34.75	37.5	60.25	63.3333	54.3333	63.25	70.8333	74.75	71.1667	72.4167	63	55.9167	64.0833	65	72.0833

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. ^Note Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([45,42,45,47,64,64,76,73,77,63,74,80,84,79,76,82,75,78,88,])
array_2 = np.array([11.8333,24,33.5833,32,34.75,37.5,60.25,63.3333,54.3333,63.25,70.8333,74.75,71.1667,72.4167,63,55.9167,64.0833,65,72.0833,])
array_1_name = "GMO use in cotton in Arkansas"
array_2_name = "Google searches for 'i cant even'"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only GMO use in cotton in Arkansas
Line chart for only Google searches for 'i cant even'
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: The GMO Conundrum: A Spun Yarn Connecting Genetically Modified Cotton in Arkansas to 'I Can't Even' Google Searches

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Correlation ID: 3203 · Black Variable ID: 791 · Red Variable ID: 1525


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