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AI explanation
The UFOs were actually advanced technology created by North Dakotan inventors, and their frequent sightings were a result of test flights gone slightly off course. As a result, the state's patent output skyrocketed, leading to technological breakthroughs in a variety of industries. It turns out, sometimes the truth isn't just out there - it's also leading to innovative new products right here on Earth!
Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Prompt: Generate an image of a peaceful North Dakota town at night with a collection of local inventors outdoors gazing at a glowing UFO in the sky. Show their worktables and drawing boards overflowing with futuristic gadget prototypes and blueprints, surrounded by granted patent certificates. The scene should have a dreamlike or surreal quality, blending the serene town setting with the otherworldly presence of the UFO and the inventive fervor of the locals. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Steampunk Art nouveau Minimalism Cutsy art illustration Surrealism
ChatGPT: Surrealism
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US, in the following situation: The influx of UFOs sparked innovation in North Dakota, leading to a surge in new technologies and ideas. It seems the extraterrestrial visitors were really "abducting" attention and inspiring locals to "saucer" up some groundbreaking inventions. The state was experiencing a "close encounter" with unprecedented creativity, propelling them to "rocket" to the top of the patent game. Who knew that the key to unlocking human potential was hidden in the mysteries of outer space? It appears that these otherworldly encounters were truly out of this world and had a "universal" impact on the inventive spirit of North Dakota.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a quiet town in North Dakota, UFO sightings fill the night sky. Amid the buzz of excitement, local inventors, heads tilted skyward, sketch out new ideas. Their designs for futuristic gadgets and technologies fill the once empty worktables and drawing boards. The influx of patents granted in the United States skyrockets and North Dakota emerges as a hotbed of groundbreaking innovations, all seemingly inspired by the mysterious visitors from beyond.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Surrealism ] and depicting this scene: In a quiet town in North Dakota, UFO sightings fill the night sky. Amid the buzz of excitement, local inventors, heads tilted skyward, sketch out new ideas. Their designs for futuristic gadgets and technologies fill the once empty worktables and drawing boards. The influx of patents granted in the United States skyrockets and North Dakota emerges as a hotbed of groundbreaking innovations, all seemingly inspired by the mysterious visitors from beyond. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Prompt: Generate an image of a peaceful North Dakota town at night with a collection of local inventors outdoors gazing at a glowing UFO in the sky. Show their worktables and drawing boards overflowing with futuristic gadget prototypes and blueprints, surrounded by granted patent certificates. The scene should have a dreamlike or surreal quality, blending the serene town setting with the otherworldly presence of the UFO and the inventive fervor of the locals.
*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.
I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in UFO sightings in North Dakota caused Patents granted in the US to increase.
AI academic paper
 |
Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US International Journal of Extraterrestrial Studies Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real! |
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Make the title an alliteration.
Your research team used data from National UFO Reporting Center and USPTO to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8887690 and p < 0.01 for 1975 to 2020.
Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)
[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we aimed to shed light on the enigmatic relationship between the frequency of UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the United States Patent and Trademark Office, our research team embarked on a curious exploration. The unexpected nexus between these two seemingly disparate phenomena captured our imagination—a quest to discern a revelation that would be truly out of this world.
Employing rigorous statistical analysis, we quantified the correlation coefficient and achieved a staggering result of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1975 to 2020. The uncanny synchronicity between UFO sightings and the issuance of patents in the US prompted euphoric excitement within our team, as this correlation surpassed even our most far-fetched conjectures. However, it is imperative to approach these findings with caution, as we must remain vigilant against the lure of drawing premature extraterrestrial inferences.
Our investigation thrums with the anticipation of unraveling this mysterious synergy. The implications are both exhilarating and perplexing, infusing our scholarly pursuits with an invigorating dose of levity. As we venture into the uncharted terrain of cosmic conundrums and patent peculiarities, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us on this captivating odyssey—where the unexpected may very well be the norm.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we aimed to shed light on the enigmatic relationship between the frequency of UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the United States Patent and Trademark Office, our research team embarked on a curious exploration. The unexpected nexus between these two seemingly disparate phenomena captured our imagination—a quest to discern a revelation that would be truly out of this world.
Employing rigorous statistical analysis, we quantified the correlation coefficient and achieved a staggering result of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1975 to 2020. The uncanny synchronicity between UFO sightings and the issuance of patents in the US prompted euphoric excitement within our team, as this correlation surpassed even our most far-fetched conjectures. However, it is imperative to approach these findings with caution, as we must remain vigilant against the lure of drawing premature extraterrestrial inferences.
Our investigation thrums with the anticipation of unraveling this mysterious synergy. The implications are both exhilarating and perplexing, infusing our scholarly pursuits with an invigorating dose of levity. As we venture into the uncharted terrain of cosmic conundrums and patent peculiarities, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us on this captivating odyssey—where the unexpected may very well be the norm.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
In the annals of scientific inquiry, there exists a wealth of peculiar associations and unforeseen connections that captivate the imagination and confound the intellect. Among these enigmatic unions rests the fascinating juxtaposition of UFO sightings in the tranquil expanses of North Dakota and the remarkable peculiarity of patents granted in the United States. As we embark upon this truly out-of-this-world investigation, we are propelled by a mixture of scholarly rigor and a healthy sense of incredulity, for in the labyrinth of empirical data, a glint of the unanticipated often beckons.
The raison d'être for such an investigation stems not merely from an innate curiosity, but also from the desire to disentangle the manifold threads of the inexplicable and transform them into threads of knowledge.
The seemingly extraterrestrial arcana of UFO sighting reports, extracted from the labyrinthine repository of the National UFO Reporting Center, are juxtaposed with the terrestrial tapestry of patents granted, meticulously cataloged within the annals of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Our journey commences with a notion of statistical serendipity, as we stumbled upon this unforeseen nexus and pondered the possibility that perhaps the cosmos, in its infinite wisdom, delights in confounding our terrestrial expectations.
While the findings of our initial analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the period spanning 1975 to 2020, it is crucial to maintain a modicum of scientific skepticism. For the pursuit of knowledge is fraught with the temptation to yield to the allure of sensational conjectures, and in our quest, we must remember that correlation does not imply causation.
As we delve into the statistical alchemy of UFO sightings and patents granted, we are imbued with a sense of intellectual levity, for as scholars, we harbor an unspoken solidarity in the face of the whimsy of empirical inquiry. Join us in this epistemic odyssey, where the unconventional may very well portend the extraordinary—a celestial waltz of UFO sightings and patent grants, a confluence that could redefine the boundaries of the expected and bask in the glow of cosmic curiosity.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.
Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.
Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading the backs of shampoo bottles.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we aimed to shed light on the enigmatic relationship between the frequency of UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the United States Patent and Trademark Office, our research team embarked on a curious exploration. The unexpected nexus between these two seemingly disparate phenomena captured our imagination—a quest to discern a revelation that would be truly out of this world.
Employing rigorous statistical analysis, we quantified the correlation coefficient and achieved a staggering result of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1975 to 2020. The uncanny synchronicity between UFO sightings and the issuance of patents in the US prompted euphoric excitement within our team, as this correlation surpassed even our most far-fetched conjectures. However, it is imperative to approach these findings with caution, as we must remain vigilant against the lure of drawing premature extraterrestrial inferences.
Our investigation thrums with the anticipation of unraveling this mysterious synergy. The implications are both exhilarating and perplexing, infusing our scholarly pursuits with an invigorating dose of levity. As we venture into the uncharted terrain of cosmic conundrums and patent peculiarities, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us on this captivating odyssey—where the unexpected may very well be the norm.
-------
And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
In the annals of scientific inquiry, there exists a wealth of peculiar associations and unforeseen connections that captivate the imagination and confound the intellect. Among these enigmatic unions rests the fascinating juxtaposition of UFO sightings in the tranquil expanses of North Dakota and the remarkable peculiarity of patents granted in the United States. As we embark upon this truly out-of-this-world investigation, we are propelled by a mixture of scholarly rigor and a healthy sense of incredulity, for in the labyrinth of empirical data, a glint of the unanticipated often beckons.
The raison d'être for such an investigation stems not merely from an innate curiosity, but also from the desire to disentangle the manifold threads of the inexplicable and transform them into threads of knowledge.
The seemingly extraterrestrial arcana of UFO sighting reports, extracted from the labyrinthine repository of the National UFO Reporting Center, are juxtaposed with the terrestrial tapestry of patents granted, meticulously cataloged within the annals of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Our journey commences with a notion of statistical serendipity, as we stumbled upon this unforeseen nexus and pondered the possibility that perhaps the cosmos, in its infinite wisdom, delights in confounding our terrestrial expectations.
While the findings of our initial analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the period spanning 1975 to 2020, it is crucial to maintain a modicum of scientific skepticism. For the pursuit of knowledge is fraught with the temptation to yield to the allure of sensational conjectures, and in our quest, we must remember that correlation does not imply causation.
As we delve into the statistical alchemy of UFO sightings and patents granted, we are imbued with a sense of intellectual levity, for as scholars, we harbor an unspoken solidarity in the face of the whimsy of empirical inquiry. Join us in this epistemic odyssey, where the unconventional may very well portend the extraordinary—a celestial waltz of UFO sightings and patent grants, a confluence that could redefine the boundaries of the expected and bask in the glow of cosmic curiosity.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Outlining the bewildering nexus between UFO sightings in North Dakota and the issuance of patents in the United States, our investigation leads us into a labyrinthine landscape of existing scholarship. Smith et al., in their comprehensive study “Nebulous Nature: Unraveling UFO Phenomena,” delved into the geographical distribution of UFO sightings across the United States. Intriguingly, their findings hint at a potential concentration of UFO reports in the vicinity of North Dakota, providing the initial impetus for our exploration into this celestial conundrum.
Doe’s seminal work “Extraterrestrial Encounters and Technological Innovations: A Statistical Analysis” supplies a framework to comprehend the intersection of otherworldly sightings with technological advancements. Moreover, Jones’ extensive analysis in “Patents: A Window to the Innovative Mind” offers valuable insights into the temporal trends of patent grants and the broader implications for technological progress.
Venturing beyond the scientific realm, our review extends to non-fiction literature such as “UFOs: A History of Mysterious Sightings” by A. Roberts and “The Patent Puzzle: Unraveling the Riddles of Innovation” by E. Brown. These insightful publications provide a bridge between the ethereal and the terrestrial, granting us a lens to fathom the enigmatic interplay between UFO encounters and patent approvals.
Transitioning to fiction, the realm of speculative literature beckons with titles like “The Alien Innovation: A UFO's Guide to Patent Procurement” by S. Green and “Close Encounters of the Patent Kind” by R. Blackwood. While not tangible repositories of empirical evidence, these fictional works spark the delightful whimsy of the mind, inspiring ruminations on the potential symbiosis of extraterrestrial visitations and intellectual property disclosures.
In our fervent pursuit of scholarly inquiry, we ventured into the uncharted terrains of unconventional sources, including the backs of shampoo bottles, a curious excursion prompted by the hope of uncovering elusive aphorisms or enigmatic revelations that could shed light on our perplexing investigation. Alas, our foray yielded no empirical insights but instilled within us a comedic respite, underscoring the charm of the unexpected in our relentless quest for understanding.
As we sift through the tapestry of literature, the interplay of the otherworldly and the empirical infuses our inquiry with a comedic levity, a reminder that in the banquet of knowledge, the unexpected may very well represent the norm—a cosmic comedy of serendipitous correlations and scholarly mirth.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National UFO Reporting Center and USPTO . You used data from 1975 to 2020
Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.
Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we aimed to shed light on the enigmatic relationship between the frequency of UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the United States Patent and Trademark Office, our research team embarked on a curious exploration. The unexpected nexus between these two seemingly disparate phenomena captured our imagination—a quest to discern a revelation that would be truly out of this world.
Employing rigorous statistical analysis, we quantified the correlation coefficient and achieved a staggering result of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1975 to 2020. The uncanny synchronicity between UFO sightings and the issuance of patents in the US prompted euphoric excitement within our team, as this correlation surpassed even our most far-fetched conjectures. However, it is imperative to approach these findings with caution, as we must remain vigilant against the lure of drawing premature extraterrestrial inferences.
Our investigation thrums with the anticipation of unraveling this mysterious synergy. The implications are both exhilarating and perplexing, infusing our scholarly pursuits with an invigorating dose of levity. As we venture into the uncharted terrain of cosmic conundrums and patent peculiarities, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us on this captivating odyssey—where the unexpected may very well be the norm.
[[INTRODUCTION]]
In the annals of scientific inquiry, there exists a wealth of peculiar associations and unforeseen connections that captivate the imagination and confound the intellect. Among these enigmatic unions rests the fascinating juxtaposition of UFO sightings in the tranquil expanses of North Dakota and the remarkable peculiarity of patents granted in the United States. As we embark upon this truly out-of-this-world investigation, we are propelled by a mixture of scholarly rigor and a healthy sense of incredulity, for in the labyrinth of empirical data, a glint of the unanticipated often beckons.
The raison d'être for such an investigation stems not merely from an innate curiosity, but also from the desire to disentangle the manifold threads of the inexplicable and transform them into threads of knowledge.
The seemingly extraterrestrial arcana of UFO sighting reports, extracted from the labyrinthine repository of the National UFO Reporting Center, are juxtaposed with the terrestrial tapestry of patents granted, meticulously cataloged within the annals of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Our journey commences with a notion of statistical serendipity, as we stumbled upon this unforeseen nexus and pondered the possibility that perhaps the cosmos, in its infinite wisdom, delights in confounding our terrestrial expectations.
While the findings of our initial analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the period spanning 1975 to 2020, it is crucial to maintain a modicum of scientific skepticism. For the pursuit of knowledge is fraught with the temptation to yield to the allure of sensational conjectures, and in our quest, we must remember that correlation does not imply causation.
As we delve into the statistical alchemy of UFO sightings and patents granted, we are imbued with a sense of intellectual levity, for as scholars, we harbor an unspoken solidarity in the face of the whimsy of empirical inquiry. Join us in this epistemic odyssey, where the unconventional may very well portend the extraordinary—a celestial waltz of UFO sightings and patent grants, a confluence that could redefine the boundaries of the expected and bask in the glow of cosmic curiosity.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
ChatGPT:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Data Collection:
To begin our investigation into the connection between UFO sightings and patent grants, we embarked on a cosmic quest to gather data from 1975 to 2020. The National UFO Reporting Center served as our celestial compass for amassing reports of extraterrestrial visitors, while the United States Patent and Trademark Office acted as the terrestrial vault of patented innovations.
UFO Sightings in North Dakota:
The UFO sightings data, a constellation of reports shining from the tranquil skies of North Dakota, bestowed upon us an entrancing menagerie of unknown aerial phenomena. Our research team, armed with telescopes of statistical scrutiny, diligently combed through this celestial symphony, striving to capture the ethereal essence of these otherworldly encounters.
Patents Granted in the United States:
In parallel, we foraged through the terrestrial terrain of patents granted in the United States, navigating the labyrinthine corridors of innovation. Our pursuit included an expansive search for patents spanning the myriad domains of human ingenuity, from intergalactic gizmos to down-to-earth contrivances.
Data Analysis:
With data in hand, we engaged in a statistical odyssey to unlock the elusive harmony between UFO sightings and patents granted. The quantification of correlation was akin to attempting to decrypt the cosmic conundrum, a riddle from outer space laced with statistical mysteries and enigmas.
Statistical Analysis:
Our research team invoked rigorous statistical measurements, culminating in the calculation of a correlation coefficient that revealed a numerical resonance between UFO sightings and patents granted. The correlation coefficient, a cosmic compass guiding us through the statistical cosmos, yielded an awe-inspiring value of 0.8887690. Importantly, this value held statistical significance at p < 0.01, causing a meteor shower of excitement within the confines of our scholarly sanctum.
Limitations:
It is indispensable to acknowledge the terrestrial limitations of our investigation. While the correlation coefficient may sparkle with statistical splendor, we must tread cautiously, recognizing that correlation does not necessitate causation. As we navigate the celestial fabric of UFO sightings and the terrestrial tapestry of patents granted, we will remain vigilant against prematurely attributing extraterrestrial implications to our findings.
In summary, our methodology intertwined terrestrial and celestial threads, interweaving statistical alchemy and cosmic curiosity to unravel the mysterious connection between UFO sightings and patents granted in the United States. Join us as we journey through the galactic expanse of empirical inquiry, where the unexpected may very well be the norm, and where the pursuit of knowledge is sprinkled with stardust of intellectual levity.
---
I hope that adds the scientific twist with a sprinkle of puns and goofy observations as per your request! If there's anything else you'd like me to include or adjust, feel free to let me know!
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National UFO Reporting Center and USPTO .
For the time period 1975 to 2020, you found a correlation 0.8887690, r-squared of 0.7899103, and p < 0.01.
One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we aimed to shed light on the enigmatic relationship between the frequency of UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the United States Patent and Trademark Office, our research team embarked on a curious exploration. The unexpected nexus between these two seemingly disparate phenomena captured our imagination—a quest to discern a revelation that would be truly out of this world.
Employing rigorous statistical analysis, we quantified the correlation coefficient and achieved a staggering result of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1975 to 2020. The uncanny synchronicity between UFO sightings and the issuance of patents in the US prompted euphoric excitement within our team, as this correlation surpassed even our most far-fetched conjectures. However, it is imperative to approach these findings with caution, as we must remain vigilant against the lure of drawing premature extraterrestrial inferences.
Our investigation thrums with the anticipation of unraveling this mysterious synergy. The implications are both exhilarating and perplexing, infusing our scholarly pursuits with an invigorating dose of levity. As we venture into the uncharted terrain of cosmic conundrums and patent peculiarities, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us on this captivating odyssey—where the unexpected may very well be the norm.
-------
And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
In the annals of scientific inquiry, there exists a wealth of peculiar associations and unforeseen connections that captivate the imagination and confound the intellect. Among these enigmatic unions rests the fascinating juxtaposition of UFO sightings in the tranquil expanses of North Dakota and the remarkable peculiarity of patents granted in the United States. As we embark upon this truly out-of-this-world investigation, we are propelled by a mixture of scholarly rigor and a healthy sense of incredulity, for in the labyrinth of empirical data, a glint of the unanticipated often beckons.
The raison d'être for such an investigation stems not merely from an innate curiosity, but also from the desire to disentangle the manifold threads of the inexplicable and transform them into threads of knowledge.
The seemingly extraterrestrial arcana of UFO sighting reports, extracted from the labyrinthine repository of the National UFO Reporting Center, are juxtaposed with the terrestrial tapestry of patents granted, meticulously cataloged within the annals of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Our journey commences with a notion of statistical serendipity, as we stumbled upon this unforeseen nexus and pondered the possibility that perhaps the cosmos, in its infinite wisdom, delights in confounding our terrestrial expectations.
While the findings of our initial analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the period spanning 1975 to 2020, it is crucial to maintain a modicum of scientific skepticism. For the pursuit of knowledge is fraught with the temptation to yield to the allure of sensational conjectures, and in our quest, we must remember that correlation does not imply causation.
As we delve into the statistical alchemy of UFO sightings and patents granted, we are imbued with a sense of intellectual levity, for as scholars, we harbor an unspoken solidarity in the face of the whimsy of empirical inquiry. Join us in this epistemic odyssey, where the unconventional may very well portend the extraordinary—a celestial waltz of UFO sightings and patent grants, a confluence that could redefine the boundaries of the expected and bask in the glow of cosmic curiosity.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[RESULTS]]
ChatGPT:
[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data on UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States has generated results that are nothing short of, well, extraterrestrial. Our findings revealed a robust correlation coefficient of 0.8887690, with an r-squared of 0.7899103, and a p-value less than 0.01. To put it in layman's terms, the relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables is as clear as a UFO sighting on a cloudless night.
To visually encapsulate the magnitude of this unforeseen celestial connection, we present Fig. 1, a scatterplot depicting the unmistakable correlation between UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States. The strength of this relationship would give even the staunchest skeptics pause, as the data points coalesce into a pattern that defies earthly logic.
Our awe at uncovering such a striking correlation is tempered only by the imperative to exercise scientific restraint. While the allure of weaving grand narratives involving alien innovation may be tantalizing, we must heed the unwavering admonition that correlation does not imply causation. Indeed, as we navigate through the nebulous realm of statistical inference, we remain steadfast in our dedication to approaching these findings with the pragmatism and rigor that befit the scientific endeavor.
Nevertheless, the implications of this unearthly correlation extend far beyond the boundaries of conventional wisdom, injecting a dose of cosmic curiosity into the realm of empirical inquiry. As we endeavor to unravel the mysteries of the cosmos and the intricacies of innovation, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us in the exhilarating pursuit of understanding the enigmatic interplay between UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States—a pas de deux that transcends the bounds of the familiar and ventures into the uncharted, illuminating the cosmos with the glow of empirical discovery.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Limit your response to 500 tokens.
Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.
Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.
[[TITLE]]
Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we aimed to shed light on the enigmatic relationship between the frequency of UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the United States Patent and Trademark Office, our research team embarked on a curious exploration. The unexpected nexus between these two seemingly disparate phenomena captured our imagination—a quest to discern a revelation that would be truly out of this world.
Employing rigorous statistical analysis, we quantified the correlation coefficient and achieved a staggering result of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1975 to 2020. The uncanny synchronicity between UFO sightings and the issuance of patents in the US prompted euphoric excitement within our team, as this correlation surpassed even our most far-fetched conjectures. However, it is imperative to approach these findings with caution, as we must remain vigilant against the lure of drawing premature extraterrestrial inferences.
Our investigation thrums with the anticipation of unraveling this mysterious synergy. The implications are both exhilarating and perplexing, infusing our scholarly pursuits with an invigorating dose of levity. As we venture into the uncharted terrain of cosmic conundrums and patent peculiarities, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us on this captivating odyssey—where the unexpected may very well be the norm.
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Outlining the bewildering nexus between UFO sightings in North Dakota and the issuance of patents in the United States, our investigation leads us into a labyrinthine landscape of existing scholarship. Smith et al., in their comprehensive study “Nebulous Nature: Unraveling UFO Phenomena,” delved into the geographical distribution of UFO sightings across the United States. Intriguingly, their findings hint at a potential concentration of UFO reports in the vicinity of North Dakota, providing the initial impetus for our exploration into this celestial conundrum.
Doe’s seminal work “Extraterrestrial Encounters and Technological Innovations: A Statistical Analysis” supplies a framework to comprehend the intersection of otherworldly sightings with technological advancements. Moreover, Jones’ extensive analysis in “Patents: A Window to the Innovative Mind” offers valuable insights into the temporal trends of patent grants and the broader implications for technological progress.
Venturing beyond the scientific realm, our review extends to non-fiction literature such as “UFOs: A History of Mysterious Sightings” by A. Roberts and “The Patent Puzzle: Unraveling the Riddles of Innovation” by E. Brown. These insightful publications provide a bridge between the ethereal and the terrestrial, granting us a lens to fathom the enigmatic interplay between UFO encounters and patent approvals.
Transitioning to fiction, the realm of speculative literature beckons with titles like “The Alien Innovation: A UFO's Guide to Patent Procurement” by S. Green and “Close Encounters of the Patent Kind” by R. Blackwood. While not tangible repositories of empirical evidence, these fictional works spark the delightful whimsy of the mind, inspiring ruminations on the potential symbiosis of extraterrestrial visitations and intellectual property disclosures.
In our fervent pursuit of scholarly inquiry, we ventured into the uncharted terrains of unconventional sources, including the backs of shampoo bottles, a curious excursion prompted by the hope of uncovering elusive aphorisms or enigmatic revelations that could shed light on our perplexing investigation. Alas, our foray yielded no empirical insights but instilled within us a comedic respite, underscoring the charm of the unexpected in our relentless quest for understanding.
As we sift through the tapestry of literature, the interplay of the otherworldly and the empirical infuses our inquiry with a comedic levity, a reminder that in the banquet of knowledge, the unexpected may very well represent the norm—a cosmic comedy of serendipitous correlations and scholarly mirth.
[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data on UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States has generated results that are nothing short of, well, extraterrestrial. Our findings revealed a robust correlation coefficient of 0.8887690, with an r-squared of 0.7899103, and a p-value less than 0.01. To put it in layman's terms, the relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables is as clear as a UFO sighting on a cloudless night.
To visually encapsulate the magnitude of this unforeseen celestial connection, we present Fig. 1, a scatterplot depicting the unmistakable correlation between UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States. The strength of this relationship would give even the staunchest skeptics pause, as the data points coalesce into a pattern that defies earthly logic.
Our awe at uncovering such a striking correlation is tempered only by the imperative to exercise scientific restraint. While the allure of weaving grand narratives involving alien innovation may be tantalizing, we must heed the unwavering admonition that correlation does not imply causation. Indeed, as we navigate through the nebulous realm of statistical inference, we remain steadfast in our dedication to approaching these findings with the pragmatism and rigor that befit the scientific endeavor.
Nevertheless, the implications of this unearthly correlation extend far beyond the boundaries of conventional wisdom, injecting a dose of cosmic curiosity into the realm of empirical inquiry. As we endeavor to unravel the mysteries of the cosmos and the intricacies of innovation, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us in the exhilarating pursuit of understanding the enigmatic interplay between UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States—a pas de deux that transcends the bounds of the familiar and ventures into the uncharted, illuminating the cosmos with the glow of empirical discovery.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[DISCUSSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[DISCUSSION]]
Unearthing a correlation of such magnitude between UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States has left us exhilarated, if not a bit starry-eyed. Our findings align with the prior research that hinted at a concentration of UFO reports in the vicinity of North Dakota, propelling us further into the cosmic conundrum. The unexpected yet robust correlation coefficient, akin to a celestial serendipity, supports the proposition that there might be an otherworldly exchange of ideas fueling the inventive spirit.
While our statistical rigor and adherence to scientific methodological principles remain unwavering, we cannot help but marvel at the whimsical nature of our findings. As we traverse through the cosmic — or should we say, cosmicomic — landscape of correlations and coefficients, the irony is not lost on us. Indeed, it seems that our scholarly pursuits have taken on an almost 'out of this world' quality, as we navigate through the nebulous realm of extraterrestrial hypotheses and earthly innovation.
Our results introduce an intriguing premise, one that echoes the speculative literature's tales of "The Alien Innovation" and "Close Encounters of the Patent Kind." The interweaving of possibility and probability unfolds before us, akin to a cosmic comedy where the unexpected is paradoxically the anticipated, and where correlation may not imply causation, but certainly raises the question of cosmic correlation.
As our scholarly compass points towards the uncharted, eternally reminding us that laughter is the best statistical medicine, we invite fellow enthusiasts to journey with us into the celestial conundrum of UFO sightings and patent peculiarities. For in the grand banquet of knowledge, there’s always room for cosmic humor and statistical mirth. After all, who knew that the key to unravelling the mysteries of the cosmos lay in our very own earthly patent documents!
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in North Dakota and Patents granted in the US. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.
Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we aimed to shed light on the enigmatic relationship between the frequency of UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the United States Patent and Trademark Office, our research team embarked on a curious exploration. The unexpected nexus between these two seemingly disparate phenomena captured our imagination—a quest to discern a revelation that would be truly out of this world.
Employing rigorous statistical analysis, we quantified the correlation coefficient and achieved a staggering result of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1975 to 2020. The uncanny synchronicity between UFO sightings and the issuance of patents in the US prompted euphoric excitement within our team, as this correlation surpassed even our most far-fetched conjectures. However, it is imperative to approach these findings with caution, as we must remain vigilant against the lure of drawing premature extraterrestrial inferences.
Our investigation thrums with the anticipation of unraveling this mysterious synergy. The implications are both exhilarating and perplexing, infusing our scholarly pursuits with an invigorating dose of levity. As we venture into the uncharted terrain of cosmic conundrums and patent peculiarities, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us on this captivating odyssey—where the unexpected may very well be the norm.
[[INTRDUCTION]]
In the annals of scientific inquiry, there exists a wealth of peculiar associations and unforeseen connections that captivate the imagination and confound the intellect. Among these enigmatic unions rests the fascinating juxtaposition of UFO sightings in the tranquil expanses of North Dakota and the remarkable peculiarity of patents granted in the United States. As we embark upon this truly out-of-this-world investigation, we are propelled by a mixture of scholarly rigor and a healthy sense of incredulity, for in the labyrinth of empirical data, a glint of the unanticipated often beckons.
The raison d'être for such an investigation stems not merely from an innate curiosity, but also from the desire to disentangle the manifold threads of the inexplicable and transform them into threads of knowledge.
The seemingly extraterrestrial arcana of UFO sighting reports, extracted from the labyrinthine repository of the National UFO Reporting Center, are juxtaposed with the terrestrial tapestry of patents granted, meticulously cataloged within the annals of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Our journey commences with a notion of statistical serendipity, as we stumbled upon this unforeseen nexus and pondered the possibility that perhaps the cosmos, in its infinite wisdom, delights in confounding our terrestrial expectations.
While the findings of our initial analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the period spanning 1975 to 2020, it is crucial to maintain a modicum of scientific skepticism. For the pursuit of knowledge is fraught with the temptation to yield to the allure of sensational conjectures, and in our quest, we must remember that correlation does not imply causation.
As we delve into the statistical alchemy of UFO sightings and patents granted, we are imbued with a sense of intellectual levity, for as scholars, we harbor an unspoken solidarity in the face of the whimsy of empirical inquiry. Join us in this epistemic odyssey, where the unconventional may very well portend the extraordinary—a celestial waltz of UFO sightings and patent grants, a confluence that could redefine the boundaries of the expected and bask in the glow of cosmic curiosity.
[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data on UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States has generated results that are nothing short of, well, extraterrestrial. Our findings revealed a robust correlation coefficient of 0.8887690, with an r-squared of 0.7899103, and a p-value less than 0.01. To put it in layman's terms, the relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables is as clear as a UFO sighting on a cloudless night.
To visually encapsulate the magnitude of this unforeseen celestial connection, we present Fig. 1, a scatterplot depicting the unmistakable correlation between UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States. The strength of this relationship would give even the staunchest skeptics pause, as the data points coalesce into a pattern that defies earthly logic.
Our awe at uncovering such a striking correlation is tempered only by the imperative to exercise scientific restraint. While the allure of weaving grand narratives involving alien innovation may be tantalizing, we must heed the unwavering admonition that correlation does not imply causation. Indeed, as we navigate through the nebulous realm of statistical inference, we remain steadfast in our dedication to approaching these findings with the pragmatism and rigor that befit the scientific endeavor.
Nevertheless, the implications of this unearthly correlation extend far beyond the boundaries of conventional wisdom, injecting a dose of cosmic curiosity into the realm of empirical inquiry. As we endeavor to unravel the mysteries of the cosmos and the intricacies of innovation, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us in the exhilarating pursuit of understanding the enigmatic interplay between UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States—a pas de deux that transcends the bounds of the familiar and ventures into the uncharted, illuminating the cosmos with the glow of empirical discovery.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[CONCLUSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[CONCLUSION]]
In unraveling the enigma of the nexus between UFO sightings in North Dakota and patents granted in the United States, our odyssey has been replete with surprises that rival the serendipity of comet sightings. Our findings, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8887690 and a p-value less than 0.01, have illuminated a celestial waltz of statistical significance that could make even the most skeptical scientist raise an eyebrow.
While the lure of concocting grand narratives involving extraterrestrial innovation is appealing, we must pause to consider the cautionary tale of premature exoplanetary enthusiasm. It is imperative to embrace the rigorous mantra that correlation, no matter how extraterrestrial, does not imply causation, lest we find ourselves entangled in a cosmic web of tantalizing but fallacious conclusions.
As we bid adieu to this celestial pas de deux of statistical sorcery, we must acknowledge that our research has voyaged to the far reaches of empirical curiosity and emerged with a treasure trove of statistical artifacts that may tempt the inclination towards grand intergalactic inferences. Alas, we find ourselves capitulating to the humbling reality that no more research is needed in this area - at least not until we have tangible evidence of UFOs filing for patents.
So, fellow scholars and cosmic enthusiasts, let us bid adieu to this celestial conundrum and turn our telescopes towards new frontiers of empirical exploration, where the unexpected may yet again, be the norm.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.
ChatGPT:
International Journal of Extraterrestrial Studies
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.
ChatGPT:
The Society for Extraterrestrial Research and Innovation (SERI)
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US with an abstract of In this study, we aimed to shed light on the enigmatic relationship between the frequency of UFO sightings in North Dakota and the granting of patents in the United States. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the United States Patent and Trademark Office, our research team embarked on a curious exploration. The unexpected nexus between these two seemingly disparate phenomena captured our imagination—a quest to discern a revelation that would be truly out of this world.
Employing rigorous statistical analysis, we quantified the correlation coefficient and achieved a staggering result of 0.8887690 with statistical significance at p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1975 to 2020. The uncanny synchronicity between UFO sightings and the issuance of patents in the US prompted euphoric excitement within our team, as this correlation surpassed even our most far-fetched conjectures. However, it is imperative to approach these findings with caution, as we must remain vigilant against the lure of drawing premature extraterrestrial inferences.
Our investigation thrums with the anticipation of unraveling this mysterious synergy. The implications are both exhilarating and perplexing, infusing our scholarly pursuits with an invigorating dose of levity. As we venture into the uncharted terrain of cosmic conundrums and patent peculiarities, we invite fellow scholars and enthusiasts to join us on this captivating odyssey—where the unexpected may very well be the norm.
ChatGPT:
UFO sightings, North Dakota, patents, United States Patent and Trademark Office, correlation, statistical analysis, National UFO Reporting Center, correlation coefficient, extraterrestrial, cosmic conundrums, unidentified aerial phenomena, aerial anomalies, patent granting patterns
*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.
Discover a new correlation
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Data details
UFO sightings in North DakotaDetailed data title: UFO sightings reported in North Dakota
Source: National UFO Reporting Center
See what else correlates with UFO sightings in North Dakota
Patents granted in the US
Detailed data title: Total number of patents granted in the US
Source: USPTO
See what else correlates with Patents granted in the US
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.7899103 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 79% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Patents granted in the US) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., UFO sightings in North Dakota) over the 46 years from 1975 through 2020.
p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.7E-16. 0.0000000000000001657241442922
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.89 in 1.7E-14% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 6,034,123,780,037,923 random variables You don't actually need 6 quadrillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.
p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.
In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.
Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 45 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 45 because we have two variables measured over a period of 46 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ 0.81, 0.94 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
| 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
| UFO sightings in North Dakota (UFO sightings) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 5 | 12 | 12 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 9 | 9 | 14 | 11 |
| Patents granted in the US (Patents granted) | 76810 | 75388 | 69781 | 70514 | 52413 | 66170 | 71064 | 63276 | 61982 | 72650 | 77245 | 76862 | 89385 | 84272 | 102533 | 99077 | 106696 | 107394 | 109746 | 113587 | 113834 | 121696 | 124069 | 163142 | 169085 | 175979 | 183970 | 184375 | 187012 | 181299 | 157718 | 196405 | 182899 | 185224 | 191927 | 244341 | 247713 | 276788 | 302948 | 326032 | 325980 | 333583 | 351403 | 339992 | 391103 | 388900 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([1,2,1,3,1,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,1,0,0,0,3,4,2,5,6,5,5,4,9,9,3,8,6,10,9,5,12,12,7,10,11,12,9,9,14,11,])
array_2 = np.array([76810,75388,69781,70514,52413,66170,71064,63276,61982,72650,77245,76862,89385,84272,102533,99077,106696,107394,109746,113587,113834,121696,124069,163142,169085,175979,183970,184375,187012,181299,157718,196405,182899,185224,191927,244341,247713,276788,302948,326032,325980,333583,351403,339992,391103,388900,])
array_1_name = "UFO sightings in North Dakota"
array_2_name = "Patents granted in the US"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)Reuseable content
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Download images for these variables:
- High resolution line chart
The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape. - High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
- Alternative high resolution line chart
- Scatterplot
- Portable line chart (png)
- Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
- Line chart for only UFO sightings in North Dakota
- Line chart for only Patents granted in the US
- AI-generated correlation image
- The spurious research paper: Unraveling the Unidentified: UFO Sightings in North Dakota and the Peculiarity of Patents Granted in the US
You're the rating guru we've been waiting for!
Correlation ID: 2495 · Black Variable ID: 1197 · Red Variable ID: 848
