Spurious correlation #1,776 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Solar power generated in Croatia and the second variable is Google searches for 'ice bath'. The chart goes from 2012 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Solar power generated in Croatia and the second variable is Google searches for 'ice bath'. The chart goes from 2012 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As the solar panels in Croatia soaked up more rays, they inadvertently sparked a chilling trend. Harnessing all that sunshine led to a surge in ice production, turning the nation into a cool, refreshing paradise. It's a case of sizzling solar power leading to an icy obsession – talk about a power play on words! It seems like Croatia is not just a hot spot for solar energy, but also for those looking to take the plunge into sub-zero relaxation. Who knew that renewable energy could have such a polar-izing effect on people's leisure activities? Looks like we've uncovered the shocking connection between solar power in Croatia and the nation's newfound love for all things ice-cold!

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image that captures a futuristic and sustainable scene in Croatia. Show a vibrant sunny day with clear blue skies and lush green landscapes. The focus should be on a modern cityscape adorned with solar panels, each glistening in the sunlight, converting solar energy. In the foreground, include people using their smartphones, looking up "ice bath" on Google, with a sense of relief and coolness in their expressions. The image should blend the natural surroundings, solar technology, and the digital interaction seamlessly into a coherent and visually striking composition. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Solar power generated in Croatia and Google searches for 'ice bath'. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Psychedelic Realistic Data cyber art A Discovery magazine cover image Data cyber art
ChatGPT: Data cyber art

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Solar power generated in Croatia and Google searches for 'ice bath' together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: A sunny day in Croatia, where solar panels are soaking up the bright sunlight, producing renewable energy. Meanwhile, people are using their smartphones to search for "ice bath" on Google, seeking relief from the summer heat in a refreshing and cooling way.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Data cyber art ] and depicting this scene: A sunny day in Croatia, where solar panels are soaking up the bright sunlight, producing renewable energy. Meanwhile, people are using their smartphones to search for "ice bath" on Google, seeking relief from the summer heat in a refreshing and cooling way. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image that captures a futuristic and sustainable scene in Croatia. Show a vibrant sunny day with clear blue skies and lush green landscapes. The focus should be on a modern cityscape adorned with solar panels, each glistening in the sunlight, converting solar energy. In the foreground, include people using their smartphones, looking up "ice bath" on Google, with a sense of relief and coolness in their expressions. The image should blend the natural surroundings, solar technology, and the digital interaction seamlessly into a coherent and visually striking composition.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Solar power generated in Croatia caused ice bath (Google searches for 'ice bath') to increase. Include one good pun.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study

The Journal of Eclectic Energy Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Croatia and Google searches for 'ice bath'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some movies that you watched that are tangentially related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy sources, we sought to investigate the incidental effects of solar power generation in Croatia on the peculiar activity of searching for 'ice bath' on the internet. Drawing from the Energy Information Administration's data on solar power production and Google Trends' search volume index for 'ice bath' from 2012 to 2021, we established a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 and p < 0.01. Our findings suggest a tantalizing connection that warrants further analysis and a chill investigation into the mystifying allure of the ice bath amidst the shining rays of solar energy.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
In recent years, the global shift towards sustainable energy sources has sparked a surge of interest in renewable energy technologies. As solar power continues to gain momentum as a clean and eco-friendly alternative to traditional energy sources, researchers have sought to explore its broader impacts beyond just carbon emissions and energy production. One such unexpected avenue of inquiry has led us to the intriguing correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the inexplicable phenomenon of internet users searching for 'ice bath.'
As the sun bathes the picturesque landscape of Croatia in its warm embrace, it also energizes solar panels, turning sunlight into electricity. Meanwhile, in the vast digital landscape, a curious trend has emerged—the seemingly unrelated yet undeniably connected spike in Google searches for 'ice bath.' Our study delves into this enigmatic correlation, seeking to shed light on the frosty fascination that appears to coincide with the sunny disposition of solar power.
The decision to explore this unlikely relationship was not made lightly. We were initially drawn to this peculiar connection by a combination of idle curiosity and a fervent desire to find a way to include ice baths in an academic paper. After stumbling upon anecdotal evidence of individuals attributing their interest in ice baths to solar power, we embarked on an analysis that would combine rigorous statistical methods with a healthy dose of whimsy—a fitting approach for an investigation into an icy subject illuminated by the sun's warmth.
At the heart of our study is the intersection of two seemingly disparate domains: renewable energy and unconventional self-care practices. The findings that emerged from this investigation not only demonstrate a statistically significant correlation but also invite a playful speculation into the potential underlying mechanisms governing the relationship between solar power and the allure of submerging oneself in icy water.
Through this research, we aim to not only enrich the scholarly discourse on renewable energy but also to introduce a touch of frosty levity to the typically serious and somber field of academic inquiry. With this lighthearted yet scientifically rigorous approach, we hope to spark a newfound appreciation for the unexpected connections that can emerge when we peer beyond the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the public's fascination with 'ice bath' searches on the internet has brought forth a plethora of studies, reflecting the growing interest in this extraordinary connection. Smith et al. (2018) investigated the impact of solar power on leisure activities, noting a marginal but intriguing rise in unconventional wellness pursuits coinciding with peak sunlight hours. Meanwhile, Doe and Jones (2019) explored the psychological motivations behind internet searches related to cold water therapies, offering insights into the enigmatic allure of frosty endeavors.

Shifting gears, "Solar Power: Harnessing Renewable Energy" by Green & Bright (2020) provides a comprehensive overview of solar energy technologies, shedding light on the technical intricacies that underpin the solar power industry. In a tangentially related vein, "The Subzero Solution: Embracing Ice Baths for Enhanced Well-Being" by Frost (2017) offers a deep dive into the world of cold water immersion, capturing the fascination that simmers beneath the surface of this chilling pastime.

Adding a whimsical touch to the scholarly discourse, fictional works such as "Solar Flare" by Blaze (2014) and "The Icicle's Secret" by Frostine (2016) evoke imagery of solar-powered ice baths and frigid mysteries. In a nod to cinema, the film "Solar Soak: Chilled by the Sun" (2018) presents a satirical take on the intersection of solar power and unconventional wellness practices, immersing viewers in a chilly and comedic exploration of the solar-ice bath dichotomy.

As the literature teems with diverse perspectives and narratives, it is evident that the connection between solar power in Croatia and the intrigue surrounding 'ice bath' searches beckons for a multidisciplinary approach, blending serious scholarship with a dash of icy whimsy. With this eclectic array of sources at our disposal, we embark on a scholarly journey imbued with both solemn inquiry and a cool sense of humor, embracing the chill as we explore the sunny side of solar power's influence on unconventional leisure pursuits.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Croatia and Google searches for 'ice bath'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Energy Information Administration and Google Trends . You used data from 2012 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy sources, we sought to investigate the incidental effects of solar power generation in Croatia on the peculiar activity of searching for 'ice bath' on the internet. Drawing from the Energy Information Administration's data on solar power production and Google Trends' search volume index for 'ice bath' from 2012 to 2021, we established a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 and p < 0.01. Our findings suggest a tantalizing connection that warrants further analysis and a chill investigation into the mystifying allure of the ice bath amidst the shining rays of solar energy.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
In recent years, the global shift towards sustainable energy sources has sparked a surge of interest in renewable energy technologies. As solar power continues to gain momentum as a clean and eco-friendly alternative to traditional energy sources, researchers have sought to explore its broader impacts beyond just carbon emissions and energy production. One such unexpected avenue of inquiry has led us to the intriguing correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the inexplicable phenomenon of internet users searching for 'ice bath.'
As the sun bathes the picturesque landscape of Croatia in its warm embrace, it also energizes solar panels, turning sunlight into electricity. Meanwhile, in the vast digital landscape, a curious trend has emerged—the seemingly unrelated yet undeniably connected spike in Google searches for 'ice bath.' Our study delves into this enigmatic correlation, seeking to shed light on the frosty fascination that appears to coincide with the sunny disposition of solar power.
The decision to explore this unlikely relationship was not made lightly. We were initially drawn to this peculiar connection by a combination of idle curiosity and a fervent desire to find a way to include ice baths in an academic paper. After stumbling upon anecdotal evidence of individuals attributing their interest in ice baths to solar power, we embarked on an analysis that would combine rigorous statistical methods with a healthy dose of whimsy—a fitting approach for an investigation into an icy subject illuminated by the sun's warmth.
At the heart of our study is the intersection of two seemingly disparate domains: renewable energy and unconventional self-care practices. The findings that emerged from this investigation not only demonstrate a statistically significant correlation but also invite a playful speculation into the potential underlying mechanisms governing the relationship between solar power and the allure of submerging oneself in icy water.
Through this research, we aim to not only enrich the scholarly discourse on renewable energy but also to introduce a touch of frosty levity to the typically serious and somber field of academic inquiry. With this lighthearted yet scientifically rigorous approach, we hope to spark a newfound appreciation for the unexpected connections that can emerge when we peer beyond the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

In order to unravel the enigmatic correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the inexplicable surge in 'ice bath' searches, we employed a robust methodology that combined data retrieval, statistical analysis, and a healthy dose of eyebrow-raising skepticism. Our approach aimed to minimize confounding variables while maximizing the potential for puns about "cool" data analysis.

Data Collection:
We sourced our solar power generation data from the Energy Information Administration, utilizing an extensive compilation of solar energy production in Croatia from 2012 to 2021. This data provided a comprehensive overview of the ebb and flow of solar power, capturing the sunny peaks and the cloudy troughs of Croatia's renewable energy journey.

Simultaneously, we turned our attention to the captivating realm of Google Trends for the search term 'ice bath.' We harvested the search volume index for 'ice bath' from the same period, leveraging the power of Google's algorithms to measure the cyberspace resonance of this chilling pursuit.

Normalization and Glamorization:
To ensure that our data was ripe for correlation, we meticulously normalized both datasets, creating a harmonious union of solar power production and 'ice bath' searches. Embracing the spirit of sunshine and chill, we adjusted for any seasonal fluctuations and potential outliers, resulting in a dataset that was as smoothly blended as a perfectly tempered ice bath.

Statistical Analysis:
With our datasets in hand, we set forth to unveil the statistical dance between solar power and 'ice bath' searches. Employing the time-honored tradition of correlation analysis, we calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient to quantify the extent of the relationship between these seemingly unrelated phenomena. Our statistical deliberations were conducted with an air of both analytical rigor and a wink towards the fantastical serendipity of statistical significance.

Further, we subjected our findings to the crucible of statistical hypothesis testing, utilizing p-values to assess the strength of the observed correlation. This allowed us to discern whether our results extended beyond a mere fluke of numerical happenstance, affirming the legitimacy of our icy-solar connection.

Discussion with an Ice-breaking Twist:
As we embarked on this research, we did so with the recognition that correlation does not imply causation. However, the allure of speculation beckoned, and we found ourselves musing over the potential mechanisms that could underpin the symbiotic relationship between solar power and 'ice bath' searches. Our discussions delved into the realms of solar-induced contemplation, contemplating whether the radiant glow of solar energy might inspire contemplations of existential cooling.

Ultimately, our methodology invited both serious inquiry and a playful embrace of the unexpected. By intertwining the worlds of solar power and icy indulgences, we honed a methodology that measured not only data but also whimsy—a key ingredient in any chillingly curious expedition into academic inquiry.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Croatia and Google searches for 'ice bath'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Energy Information Administration and Google Trends .

For the time period 2012 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.9746420, r-squared of 0.9499271, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy sources, we sought to investigate the incidental effects of solar power generation in Croatia on the peculiar activity of searching for 'ice bath' on the internet. Drawing from the Energy Information Administration's data on solar power production and Google Trends' search volume index for 'ice bath' from 2012 to 2021, we established a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 and p < 0.01. Our findings suggest a tantalizing connection that warrants further analysis and a chill investigation into the mystifying allure of the ice bath amidst the shining rays of solar energy.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
In recent years, the global shift towards sustainable energy sources has sparked a surge of interest in renewable energy technologies. As solar power continues to gain momentum as a clean and eco-friendly alternative to traditional energy sources, researchers have sought to explore its broader impacts beyond just carbon emissions and energy production. One such unexpected avenue of inquiry has led us to the intriguing correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the inexplicable phenomenon of internet users searching for 'ice bath.'
As the sun bathes the picturesque landscape of Croatia in its warm embrace, it also energizes solar panels, turning sunlight into electricity. Meanwhile, in the vast digital landscape, a curious trend has emerged—the seemingly unrelated yet undeniably connected spike in Google searches for 'ice bath.' Our study delves into this enigmatic correlation, seeking to shed light on the frosty fascination that appears to coincide with the sunny disposition of solar power.
The decision to explore this unlikely relationship was not made lightly. We were initially drawn to this peculiar connection by a combination of idle curiosity and a fervent desire to find a way to include ice baths in an academic paper. After stumbling upon anecdotal evidence of individuals attributing their interest in ice baths to solar power, we embarked on an analysis that would combine rigorous statistical methods with a healthy dose of whimsy—a fitting approach for an investigation into an icy subject illuminated by the sun's warmth.
At the heart of our study is the intersection of two seemingly disparate domains: renewable energy and unconventional self-care practices. The findings that emerged from this investigation not only demonstrate a statistically significant correlation but also invite a playful speculation into the potential underlying mechanisms governing the relationship between solar power and the allure of submerging oneself in icy water.
Through this research, we aim to not only enrich the scholarly discourse on renewable energy but also to introduce a touch of frosty levity to the typically serious and somber field of academic inquiry. With this lighthearted yet scientifically rigorous approach, we hope to spark a newfound appreciation for the unexpected connections that can emerge when we peer beyond the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]

ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The analysis of the data collected from the Energy Information Administration and Google Trends revealed a striking correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the search interest in 'ice bath' on Google. The correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 delineates a robust and nearly perfect positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables. The strength of this correlation is further underscored by the r-squared value of 0.9499271, indicating that approximately 95% of the variance in 'ice bath' searches can be explained by the variance in solar power generation.

Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot depicting this compelling association, which clearly illustrates the upward trend in 'ice bath' searches mirroring the increase in solar power production. The figure serves as a visual testament to the alignment of these two disparate phenomena, inviting a certain degree of wonder and bemusement at the peculiar synchronization of solar energy and the digital fascination with chilling self-care practices.

The p-value of less than 0.01 lends further credence to the statistical significance of the correlation, providing strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis and affirming the existence of a meaningful relationship between solar power generation in Croatia and the proclivity for 'ice bath' inquiries. In other words, the likelihood of these findings occurring by random chance is less than 1%, prompting a nod of acknowledgement to the unpredictably frosty connection between solar power and the allure of icy submersion.

These findings offer a delightful enigma within the realm of renewable energy research, as they not only expand our understanding of solar power's impacts but also encourage a whimsical exploration of the idiosyncrasies that thread through our modern digital interactions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Croatia and Google searches for 'ice bath'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy sources, we sought to investigate the incidental effects of solar power generation in Croatia on the peculiar activity of searching for 'ice bath' on the internet. Drawing from the Energy Information Administration's data on solar power production and Google Trends' search volume index for 'ice bath' from 2012 to 2021, we established a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 and p < 0.01. Our findings suggest a tantalizing connection that warrants further analysis and a chill investigation into the mystifying allure of the ice bath amidst the shining rays of solar energy.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the public's fascination with 'ice bath' searches on the internet has brought forth a plethora of studies, reflecting the growing interest in this extraordinary connection. Smith et al. (2018) investigated the impact of solar power on leisure activities, noting a marginal but intriguing rise in unconventional wellness pursuits coinciding with peak sunlight hours. Meanwhile, Doe and Jones (2019) explored the psychological motivations behind internet searches related to cold water therapies, offering insights into the enigmatic allure of frosty endeavors.
Shifting gears, "Solar Power: Harnessing Renewable Energy" by Green & Bright (2020) provides a comprehensive overview of solar energy technologies, shedding light on the technical intricacies that underpin the solar power industry. In a tangentially related vein, "The Subzero Solution: Embracing Ice Baths for Enhanced Well-Being" by Frost (2017) offers a deep dive into the world of cold water immersion, capturing the fascination that simmers beneath the surface of this chilling pastime.
Adding a whimsical touch to the scholarly discourse, fictional works such as "Solar Flare" by Blaze (2014) and "The Icicle's Secret" by Frostine (2016) evoke imagery of solar-powered ice baths and frigid mysteries. In a nod to cinema, the film "Solar Soak: Chilled by the Sun" (2018) presents a satirical take on the intersection of solar power and unconventional wellness practices, immersing viewers in a chilly and comedic exploration of the solar-ice bath dichotomy.
As the literature teems with diverse perspectives and narratives, it is evident that the connection between solar power in Croatia and the intrigue surrounding 'ice bath' searches beckons for a multidisciplinary approach, blending serious scholarship with a dash of icy whimsy. With this eclectic array of sources at our disposal, we embark on a scholarly journey imbued with both solemn inquiry and a cool sense of humor, embracing the chill as we explore the sunny side of solar power's influence on unconventional leisure pursuits.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data collected from the Energy Information Administration and Google Trends revealed a striking correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the search interest in 'ice bath' on Google. The correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 delineates a robust and nearly perfect positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables. The strength of this correlation is further underscored by the r-squared value of 0.9499271, indicating that approximately 95% of the variance in 'ice bath' searches can be explained by the variance in solar power generation.
Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot depicting this compelling association, which clearly illustrates the upward trend in 'ice bath' searches mirroring the increase in solar power production. The figure serves as a visual testament to the alignment of these two disparate phenomena, inviting a certain degree of wonder and bemusement at the peculiar synchronization of solar energy and the digital fascination with chilling self-care practices.
The p-value of less than 0.01 lends further credence to the statistical significance of the correlation, providing strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis and affirming the existence of a meaningful relationship between solar power generation in Croatia and the proclivity for 'ice bath' inquiries. In other words, the likelihood of these findings occurring by random chance is less than 1%, prompting a nod of acknowledgement to the unpredictably frosty connection between solar power and the allure of icy submersion.
These findings offer a delightful enigma within the realm of renewable energy research, as they not only expand our understanding of solar power's impacts but also encourage a whimsical exploration of the idiosyncrasies that thread through our modern digital interactions.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The prodigious correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 between solar power generation in Croatia and Google searches for 'ice bath' demonstrates a sizzling bond that defies conventional expectations. Our results corroborate the earlier work of Smith et al. (2018), who hinted at a subtle uptick in out-of-the-ordinary leisure pursuits during periods of heightened solar exposure. It appears that as the sun's rays cascade over Croatia, a peculiar impulse to seek icy solace seizes the minds of internet users, a phenomenon that our findings bolster with empirical rigor.

Furthermore, the substantial support for the connection between solar power and 'ice bath' queries echoes the musings of Frost (2017) in "The Subzero Solution," emphasizing the allure of cold water immersion and its potential intersection with renewable energy influences. Our results not only validate these conceptual parallels but also add a frosty dash of statistical backing, underscoring the weighty implications of this solar-ice bath nexus.

The statistical significance of our findings, underscored by a p-value of less than 0.01, not only corroborates the curious link between solar power and 'ice bath' pursuits but also beckons for a light-hearted recognition of the frosty enigma that permeates this unforeseen collaboration. As we celebrate the quirkiness of this connection, we should also remain cognizant of its substantive implications, rendering it a frosty enigma worthy of further exploration within the realms of renewable energy and digital whimsy.

Our study's alignment with the scholarly discourse, infused with hints of icy whimsy evoked by the diverse literature sources, underscores the pervasive charm of this unconventional solar-ice bath alliance. By intertwining a scholarly inquiry with a cool sense of humor, we embrace the stimulating mystery that underpins this correlation, basking in the ineffable bond between solar power in Croatia and the enchanting allure of the chilly retreat.

In essence, our findings usher in a new era of scholarly coolness, where the warming embrace of solar power paradoxically intertwines with the captivating allure of the ice bath, unveiling a correlative dance that defies icy expectations and radiates with solar ambiance. As we navigate this frosty territory, let us not shy away from imbuing our scholarly endeavors with a refreshing whimsy, recognizing the budding potential for unconventional synergies to emerge amidst the sun's radiant glow. After all, in the unpredictable world of research, it's always best to keep a cool head and a warm heart!

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Croatia and Google searches for 'ice bath'. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy sources, we sought to investigate the incidental effects of solar power generation in Croatia on the peculiar activity of searching for 'ice bath' on the internet. Drawing from the Energy Information Administration's data on solar power production and Google Trends' search volume index for 'ice bath' from 2012 to 2021, we established a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 and p < 0.01. Our findings suggest a tantalizing connection that warrants further analysis and a chill investigation into the mystifying allure of the ice bath amidst the shining rays of solar energy.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
In recent years, the global shift towards sustainable energy sources has sparked a surge of interest in renewable energy technologies. As solar power continues to gain momentum as a clean and eco-friendly alternative to traditional energy sources, researchers have sought to explore its broader impacts beyond just carbon emissions and energy production. One such unexpected avenue of inquiry has led us to the intriguing correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the inexplicable phenomenon of internet users searching for 'ice bath.'
As the sun bathes the picturesque landscape of Croatia in its warm embrace, it also energizes solar panels, turning sunlight into electricity. Meanwhile, in the vast digital landscape, a curious trend has emerged—the seemingly unrelated yet undeniably connected spike in Google searches for 'ice bath.' Our study delves into this enigmatic correlation, seeking to shed light on the frosty fascination that appears to coincide with the sunny disposition of solar power.
The decision to explore this unlikely relationship was not made lightly. We were initially drawn to this peculiar connection by a combination of idle curiosity and a fervent desire to find a way to include ice baths in an academic paper. After stumbling upon anecdotal evidence of individuals attributing their interest in ice baths to solar power, we embarked on an analysis that would combine rigorous statistical methods with a healthy dose of whimsy—a fitting approach for an investigation into an icy subject illuminated by the sun's warmth.
At the heart of our study is the intersection of two seemingly disparate domains: renewable energy and unconventional self-care practices. The findings that emerged from this investigation not only demonstrate a statistically significant correlation but also invite a playful speculation into the potential underlying mechanisms governing the relationship between solar power and the allure of submerging oneself in icy water.
Through this research, we aim to not only enrich the scholarly discourse on renewable energy but also to introduce a touch of frosty levity to the typically serious and somber field of academic inquiry. With this lighthearted yet scientifically rigorous approach, we hope to spark a newfound appreciation for the unexpected connections that can emerge when we peer beyond the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data collected from the Energy Information Administration and Google Trends revealed a striking correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the search interest in 'ice bath' on Google. The correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 delineates a robust and nearly perfect positive relationship between these seemingly unrelated variables. The strength of this correlation is further underscored by the r-squared value of 0.9499271, indicating that approximately 95% of the variance in 'ice bath' searches can be explained by the variance in solar power generation.
Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot depicting this compelling association, which clearly illustrates the upward trend in 'ice bath' searches mirroring the increase in solar power production. The figure serves as a visual testament to the alignment of these two disparate phenomena, inviting a certain degree of wonder and bemusement at the peculiar synchronization of solar energy and the digital fascination with chilling self-care practices.
The p-value of less than 0.01 lends further credence to the statistical significance of the correlation, providing strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis and affirming the existence of a meaningful relationship between solar power generation in Croatia and the proclivity for 'ice bath' inquiries. In other words, the likelihood of these findings occurring by random chance is less than 1%, prompting a nod of acknowledgement to the unpredictably frosty connection between solar power and the allure of icy submersion.
These findings offer a delightful enigma within the realm of renewable energy research, as they not only expand our understanding of solar power's impacts but also encourage a whimsical exploration of the idiosyncrasies that thread through our modern digital interactions.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study has unearthed a surprising and frostily fascinating correlation between solar power generation in Croatia and the spike in 'ice bath' searches on Google. The almost perfect positive relationship between these disparate phenomena, as evidenced by the correlation coefficient of 0.9746420, has not only left us scratching our heads but also pondering the rather chilling implications. Our findings not only invite a playful speculation into the underlying mechanisms governing this correlation, but also offer a refreshing twist to the often serious realm of renewable energy research.

The sheer robustness of the correlation, accentuated by the p-value of less than 0.01, suggests that this serendipitous connection is no mere fluke—a reassuring acknowledgment for those of us who find solace in the notion that there's method to the madness, or in this case, method to the ice bath obsession. The scatterplot graphically depicting this unexpected relationship stands as a visual testament to the enchanting synchrony between solar energy and the digital enchantment with icy dips, much to the bewilderment and delight of researchers and ice bath enthusiasts alike.

As we wrap up this eccentric exploration, it's evident that no stone—or ice cube—has been left unturned in our quest to unravel this curious confluence of solar power and chilly escapades. Therefore, in the spirit of scientific inquiry and with a touch of icy humor, it is our scholarly duty to declare that future research in this area would be as unnecessary as wearing a parka in the heat of summer. Thus, we confidently assert that this frozen mystery has been thoroughly thawed out and no longer warrants further investigation. With that, we bid adieu to this puckishly peculiar pairing of solar power and 'ice bath' searches, leaving behind a trail of bemused smiles and perhaps the urge to take a dip in some freshly generated solar-powered ice water.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Eclectic Energy Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Institute for Renewable Energy Enthusiasts (IREE)

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study with an abstract of As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy sources, we sought to investigate the incidental effects of solar power generation in Croatia on the peculiar activity of searching for 'ice bath' on the internet. Drawing from the Energy Information Administration's data on solar power production and Google Trends' search volume index for 'ice bath' from 2012 to 2021, we established a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9746420 and p < 0.01. Our findings suggest a tantalizing connection that warrants further analysis and a chill investigation into the mystifying allure of the ice bath amidst the shining rays of solar energy.

ChatGPT:

solar power generation, renewable energy sources, Croatia, solar power production, Energy Information Administration, Google Trends, search volume index, ice bath, internet searches, correlation coefficient, renewable energy effects, solar energy, environmental impact, energy consumption, internet activity

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

Solar power generated in Croatia
Detailed data title: Total solar power generated in Croatia in billion kWh
Source: Energy Information Administration
See what else correlates with Solar power generated in Croatia

Google searches for 'ice bath'
Detailed data title: Relative volume of Google searches for 'ice bath' (Worldwide, without quotes)
Source: Google Trends
Additional Info: ^{See full details} Relative search volume (not absolute numbers)

See what else correlates with Google searches for 'ice bath'

Correlation r = 0.9746420 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.9499271 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 95% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Google searches for 'ice bath') is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Solar power generated in Croatia) over the 10 years from 2012 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.8E-6.^Show 0.0000017545174130784010000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.97 in 0.00018% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 569,957 random variables^Note You don't actually need 569 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 9 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 9 because we have two variables measured over a period of 10 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.89, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Solar power generated in Croatia (Billion kWh)	0.002	0.011	0.035	0.057	0.066	0.078698	0.0749	0.0829	0.096	0.149
Google searches for 'ice bath' (Rel. search volume)	17.1667	17.5	19	19.9167	20.3333	20.9167	21.8333	23.5	23.75	27.0833

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. ^Note Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([0.002,0.011,0.035,0.057,0.066,0.078698,0.0749,0.0829,0.096,0.149,])
array_2 = np.array([17.1667,17.5,19,19.9167,20.3333,20.9167,21.8333,23.5,23.75,27.0833,])
array_1_name = "Solar power generated in Croatia"
array_2_name = "Google searches for 'ice bath'"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Solar power generated in Croatia
Line chart for only Google searches for 'ice bath'
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Solar Power Hour Empowers Ice Bath Devotees: A Correlative Study

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Correlation ID: 1776 · Black Variable ID: 23612 · Red Variable ID: 1408


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