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Spurious correlation #1,677 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and the second variable is The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico.  The chart goes from 2006 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

Every time Messi scores, he generates so much excitement that people start launching mini rockets in celebration. This unexpected surge in amateur rocketry has created a demand for aerospace engineers in New Mexico to help regulate the airspace and prevent any accidental space missions. Who knew Messi's goals could kickstart a whole new industry in the Land of Enchantment!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image that combines the iconic TIME magazine cover format with the theme of milestone achievements. In the foreground, Lionel Messi is depicted standing on a vibrant soccer field, exuding confidence and pride, with a brightly lit scoreboard displaying the number of goals he has scored for Argentina. The surrounding crowd of enthusiastic fans are captured in a moment of fervent exuberance, creating a kaleidoscope of emotion. In the background, set against a clear blue sky, a group of aerospace engineers in New Mexico are shown diligently working on a spacecraft, conveying a sense of determination and ingenuity as they strive to push the boundaries of space exploration. This juxtaposition of sporting excellence and scientific endeavor emphasizes a celebration of human achievement and innovation. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Brutalism A TIME magazine cover image Cubism Data cyber art Scalar art
ChatGPT: A TIME magazine cover image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: Lionel Messi stands on a soccer field, surrounded by cheering fans, proudly displaying the number of goals he has scored for Argentina on a brightly lit scoreboard. Meanwhile, in the clear blue sky above, a group of aerospace engineers in New Mexico work together on a spacecraft, their expertise and determination evident in their focused expressions as they strive to achieve new heights in space exploration.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A TIME magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: Lionel Messi stands on a soccer field, surrounded by cheering fans, proudly displaying the number of goals he has scored for Argentina on a brightly lit scoreboard. Meanwhile, in the clear blue sky above, a group of aerospace engineers in New Mexico work together on a spacecraft, their expertise and determination evident in their focused expressions as they strive to achieve new heights in space exploration. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image that combines the iconic TIME magazine cover format with the theme of milestone achievements. In the foreground, Lionel Messi is depicted standing on a vibrant soccer field, exuding confidence and pride, with a brightly lit scoreboard displaying the number of goals he has scored for Argentina. The surrounding crowd of enthusiastic fans are captured in a moment of fervent exuberance, creating a kaleidoscope of emotion. In the background, set against a clear blue sky, a group of aerospace engineers in New Mexico are shown diligently working on a spacecraft, conveying a sense of determination and ingenuity as they strive to push the boundaries of space exploration. This juxtaposition of sporting excellence and scientific endeavor emphasizes a celebration of human achievement and innovation.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina caused The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico

Journal of Sports Analytics and Aerospace Engineering

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title an alliteration.

Your research team used data from Wikipedia and Bureau of Larbor Statistics to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and p < 0.01 for 2006 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico

[[ABSTRACT]]
The correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a matter of great interest in numerous fields, including the realms of sports achievement and regional demographics. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the unexpected connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the state of New Mexico. The idiosyncratic nature of this investigation stems from the juxtaposition of an individual athlete's performance and the collective professional occupation of an American state renowned for its associations with space exploration. Through an exhaustive analysis leveraging extensive data culled from esteemed sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we discovered a remarkably robust correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2006 to 2022. Our findings persist as a curious conundrum, prompting further speculation and bemusement regarding the possible undercurrents linking Argentine football prowess and aerospace expertise in New Mexico. This study leaves the door open for a plethora of theoretical discussions and, perhaps, some lighthearted conjecture regarding the cosmic alignment of Messi's goals and the altruistic ambitions of aerospace engineers.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico

[[ABSTRACT]]
The correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a matter of great interest in numerous fields, including the realms of sports achievement and regional demographics. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the unexpected connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the state of New Mexico. The idiosyncratic nature of this investigation stems from the juxtaposition of an individual athlete's performance and the collective professional occupation of an American state renowned for its associations with space exploration. Through an exhaustive analysis leveraging extensive data culled from esteemed sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we discovered a remarkably robust correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2006 to 2022. Our findings persist as a curious conundrum, prompting further speculation and bemusement regarding the possible undercurrents linking Argentine football prowess and aerospace expertise in New Mexico. This study leaves the door open for a plethora of theoretical discussions and, perhaps, some lighthearted conjecture regarding the cosmic alignment of Messi's goals and the altruistic ambitions of aerospace engineers.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The intersection between sports performance and regional demographics has long been a subject of fascination and bewilderment. The confluence of Lionel Messi's prolific goal-scoring for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the land of enchantment, New Mexico, represents an intriguing enigma that compels our earnest investigation. The tantalizing yet tenuous tether between these entities beckons us to delve into realms where the laws of probability and causation may waltz in an unforeseen choreography.

As we embark on this adventure of statistical scrutiny, it is essential to acknowledge the idiosyncrasies of our pursuit. The domain of sports and the province of aerospace engineering may, at first glance, appear as distant as the moon is from Roswell – pardon the pun – but our inquiry into the potential correlation between them uncovers surprising coherence. The prospect of discovering a substantial relationship between Messi's on-field exploits and the cerebral endeavors of aerospace engineers stationed in the high desert presents an intellectual romp that is not lacking in amusement.

In the following sections, we will present our findings, bedecked with statistical rigor and meticulous analysis, all the while keeping an eye out for the whimsical and the improbable. We hope to tease out the nuances of this peculiar association between the artistry of Messi's goals and the scientific pursuits of those who aim for the stars, both metaphorically and literally. Join us, as we unravel this intricate dance of data, where the tango of tango – in its dazzling unpredictability – may yet yield unanticipated revelations and a few playful surprises.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some cartoons and childrens' shows that you watched that are related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico

[[ABSTRACT]]
The correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a matter of great interest in numerous fields, including the realms of sports achievement and regional demographics. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the unexpected connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the state of New Mexico. The idiosyncratic nature of this investigation stems from the juxtaposition of an individual athlete's performance and the collective professional occupation of an American state renowned for its associations with space exploration. Through an exhaustive analysis leveraging extensive data culled from esteemed sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we discovered a remarkably robust correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2006 to 2022. Our findings persist as a curious conundrum, prompting further speculation and bemusement regarding the possible undercurrents linking Argentine football prowess and aerospace expertise in New Mexico. This study leaves the door open for a plethora of theoretical discussions and, perhaps, some lighthearted conjecture regarding the cosmic alignment of Messi's goals and the altruistic ambitions of aerospace engineers.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection between sports performance and regional demographics has long been a subject of fascination and bewilderment. The confluence of Lionel Messi's prolific goal-scoring for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the land of enchantment, New Mexico, represents an intriguing enigma that compels our earnest investigation. The tantalizing yet tenuous tether between these entities beckons us to delve into realms where the laws of probability and causation may waltz in an unforeseen choreography.
As we embark on this adventure of statistical scrutiny, it is essential to acknowledge the idiosyncrasies of our pursuit. The domain of sports and the province of aerospace engineering may, at first glance, appear as distant as the moon is from Roswell – pardon the pun – but our inquiry into the potential correlation between them uncovers surprising coherence. The prospect of discovering a substantial relationship between Messi's on-field exploits and the cerebral endeavors of aerospace engineers stationed in the high desert presents an intellectual romp that is not lacking in amusement.
In the following sections, we will present our findings, bedecked with statistical rigor and meticulous analysis, all the while keeping an eye out for the whimsical and the improbable. We hope to tease out the nuances of this peculiar association between the artistry of Messi's goals and the scientific pursuits of those who aim for the stars, both metaphorically and literally. Join us, as we unravel this intricate dance of data, where the tango of tango – in its dazzling unpredictability – may yet yield unanticipated revelations and a few playful surprises.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "Smith et al. (2020)," the authors find a correlation between an individual's athletic performance and regional workforce demographics, shedding light on the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate domains. This study serves as a compelling precursor to our investigation into the relationship between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the presence of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Additionally, Doe and Jones (2018) present a comprehensive analysis of statistical associations between sporting achievements and occupational distributions within specific geographical areas, providing a theoretical foundation for our current pursuit.

Turning to non-fiction sources, "The Physics of Football" by Timothy Gay offers an intriguing perspective on the physical dynamics governing sports, suggesting the potential for unforeseen connections between athletic prowess and scientific disciplines. Similarly, "AeroSpace: The Final Frontier" by Mary Smithson delves into the cultural and economic impact of aerospace endeavors, inviting contemplation on the possible interplay between sports and careers in space-related industries.

In the realm of fiction, "The Goal Scorer's Guide to the Galaxy" by Douglas Adams and "Aerospace Aces: Adventures in the Stratosphere" by Veronica Rivers provide delightful escapades into parallel universes where football and aerospace engineering coalesce in unpredictable and amusing ways. These imaginative works, while purely fictional, evoke the whimsical potential underlying our investigation.

While our inquiry may appear unconventional, it is not without precedent. As children's shows such as "The Magic School Bus" and "Rocket Power" amusingly blended scientific concepts with elements of sportsmanship and teamwork, our study similarly endeavors to unravel the intricacies of a peculiar correlation, with an eye for the whimsical and the improbable. These light-hearted influences remind us that the pursuit of knowledge need not always be dour, but can also be imbued with humor and surprise.

Thus, armed with a blend of academic rigor, speculative ponderings, and a dash of levity, we dive into the depths of this curious conundrum, brimming with enthusiasm for the potential revelations that await us.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Wikipedia and Bureau of Larbor Statistics . You used data from 2006 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico

[[ABSTRACT]]
The correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a matter of great interest in numerous fields, including the realms of sports achievement and regional demographics. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the unexpected connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the state of New Mexico. The idiosyncratic nature of this investigation stems from the juxtaposition of an individual athlete's performance and the collective professional occupation of an American state renowned for its associations with space exploration. Through an exhaustive analysis leveraging extensive data culled from esteemed sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we discovered a remarkably robust correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2006 to 2022. Our findings persist as a curious conundrum, prompting further speculation and bemusement regarding the possible undercurrents linking Argentine football prowess and aerospace expertise in New Mexico. This study leaves the door open for a plethora of theoretical discussions and, perhaps, some lighthearted conjecture regarding the cosmic alignment of Messi's goals and the altruistic ambitions of aerospace engineers.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection between sports performance and regional demographics has long been a subject of fascination and bewilderment. The confluence of Lionel Messi's prolific goal-scoring for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the land of enchantment, New Mexico, represents an intriguing enigma that compels our earnest investigation. The tantalizing yet tenuous tether between these entities beckons us to delve into realms where the laws of probability and causation may waltz in an unforeseen choreography.
As we embark on this adventure of statistical scrutiny, it is essential to acknowledge the idiosyncrasies of our pursuit. The domain of sports and the province of aerospace engineering may, at first glance, appear as distant as the moon is from Roswell – pardon the pun – but our inquiry into the potential correlation between them uncovers surprising coherence. The prospect of discovering a substantial relationship between Messi's on-field exploits and the cerebral endeavors of aerospace engineers stationed in the high desert presents an intellectual romp that is not lacking in amusement.
In the following sections, we will present our findings, bedecked with statistical rigor and meticulous analysis, all the while keeping an eye out for the whimsical and the improbable. We hope to tease out the nuances of this peculiar association between the artistry of Messi's goals and the scientific pursuits of those who aim for the stars, both metaphorically and literally. Join us, as we unravel this intricate dance of data, where the tango of tango – in its dazzling unpredictability – may yet yield unanticipated revelations and a few playful surprises.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To examine the linkage between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers in the state of New Mexico, our research employed a multifaceted approach. The complexity of this investigation necessitated the fusion of statistical analysis, exploratory data mining, and a dash of whimsy, all in the spirit of embracing the unexpected nature of our inquiry.

Data Collection:
Our data collection process involved scouring a myriad of sources, including but not limited to: official game records, reputable sports databases, the hallowed halls of Wikipedia, and the treasure trove of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The comprehensive dataset spanned from the year 2006 to 2022, capturing Messi's prodigious goal-scoring feats and the ebb and flow of aerospace engineering professionals in the state of New Mexico. Despite some quizzical looks from our colleagues, we assured them that gathering data on aerospace engineers and goal counts was not as outlandish as it may seem at first glance.

Statistical Techniques:
The quantification and analysis of our data melded traditional statistical methods with a few unconventional twists, much like a footballer attempting an audacious free kick. We computed the Pearson correlation coefficient to ascertain the strength and direction of the relationship between Messi's goal tally and the number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Our model also factored in relevant covariates, such as weather patterns, lunar phases, and the periodic table of elements, to account for any potential confounding variables lurking in the statistical shadows.

Exploratory Data Mining:
In addition to the conventional quantitative techniques, we delved into the realm of exploratory data mining, looking for interesting patterns and anomalies that might shed light on the intertwined tapestry of football excellence and aerospace expertise. We may have gotten a few raised eyebrows when proposing this unconventional approach, but sometimes the most unexpected methods yield the most intriguing insights.

Quality Control:
We meticulously verified the accuracy and integrity of our data, employing a combination of cross-validation methods, expert consultation, and a few rounds of football trivia to keep our team sharp. It was crucial to ensure that our findings were based on a foundation of reliable and robust data, though we did indulge in a few friendly debates about Messi's best goals along the way.

In summary, our methodology employed a blend of conventional statistical analysis, unconventional exploratory data mining, and a touch of levity to investigate the peculiar correlation between Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and the number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. We navigated this research journey with a keen eye for scholarly rigor, peppered with a twist of whimsy and a serving of statistical surprise.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Wikipedia and Bureau of Larbor Statistics .

For the time period 2006 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.8538834, r-squared of 0.7291168, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico

[[ABSTRACT]]
The correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a matter of great interest in numerous fields, including the realms of sports achievement and regional demographics. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the unexpected connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the state of New Mexico. The idiosyncratic nature of this investigation stems from the juxtaposition of an individual athlete's performance and the collective professional occupation of an American state renowned for its associations with space exploration. Through an exhaustive analysis leveraging extensive data culled from esteemed sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we discovered a remarkably robust correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2006 to 2022. Our findings persist as a curious conundrum, prompting further speculation and bemusement regarding the possible undercurrents linking Argentine football prowess and aerospace expertise in New Mexico. This study leaves the door open for a plethora of theoretical discussions and, perhaps, some lighthearted conjecture regarding the cosmic alignment of Messi's goals and the altruistic ambitions of aerospace engineers.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The intersection between sports performance and regional demographics has long been a subject of fascination and bewilderment. The confluence of Lionel Messi's prolific goal-scoring for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the land of enchantment, New Mexico, represents an intriguing enigma that compels our earnest investigation. The tantalizing yet tenuous tether between these entities beckons us to delve into realms where the laws of probability and causation may waltz in an unforeseen choreography.
As we embark on this adventure of statistical scrutiny, it is essential to acknowledge the idiosyncrasies of our pursuit. The domain of sports and the province of aerospace engineering may, at first glance, appear as distant as the moon is from Roswell – pardon the pun – but our inquiry into the potential correlation between them uncovers surprising coherence. The prospect of discovering a substantial relationship between Messi's on-field exploits and the cerebral endeavors of aerospace engineers stationed in the high desert presents an intellectual romp that is not lacking in amusement.
In the following sections, we will present our findings, bedecked with statistical rigor and meticulous analysis, all the while keeping an eye out for the whimsical and the improbable. We hope to tease out the nuances of this peculiar association between the artistry of Messi's goals and the scientific pursuits of those who aim for the stars, both metaphorically and literally. Join us, as we unravel this intricate dance of data, where the tango of tango – in its dazzling unpredictability – may yet yield unanticipated revelations and a few playful surprises.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our research revealed a strong correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico from 2006 to 2022. The r-squared value of 0.7291168 further underscored the robustness of this correlation. The p-value of less than 0.01 lent statistical significance to our findings, indicative of a relationship that goes beyond mere coincidence.

The scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually confirms the positive association between Messi's goal count and the tally of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. The alignment of these data points on the graph captures the enthralling dance of statistical harmony, mirroring the intricate footwork of a seasoned tango dancer.

This unexpected juxtaposition of individual athletic prowess and the occupational landscape of a state synonymous with the heavens has teased the boundaries of expectation and elicited a gleeful appreciation for the quirks of empirical inquiry. The findings of our study open the floodgates to a stream of contemplation, inviting the scholarly community to ponder the cosmic ballet choreographed by Messi's goals and the scientific aspirations of New Mexico's aerospace enthusiasts.

In presenting these results, we seek to champion the spirit of insight and inquiry, all while infusing our discourse with a touch of whimsy and intellectual merriment. This peculiar nexus of sports and science, as illuminated by our findings, continues to be a source of captivating intrigue and perhaps a gentle reminder that the probabilities of correlation can, at times, lead to delightful surprises.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico

[[ABSTRACT]]
The correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a matter of great interest in numerous fields, including the realms of sports achievement and regional demographics. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the unexpected connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the state of New Mexico. The idiosyncratic nature of this investigation stems from the juxtaposition of an individual athlete's performance and the collective professional occupation of an American state renowned for its associations with space exploration. Through an exhaustive analysis leveraging extensive data culled from esteemed sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we discovered a remarkably robust correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2006 to 2022. Our findings persist as a curious conundrum, prompting further speculation and bemusement regarding the possible undercurrents linking Argentine football prowess and aerospace expertise in New Mexico. This study leaves the door open for a plethora of theoretical discussions and, perhaps, some lighthearted conjecture regarding the cosmic alignment of Messi's goals and the altruistic ambitions of aerospace engineers.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "Smith et al. (2020)," the authors find a correlation between an individual's athletic performance and regional workforce demographics, shedding light on the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate domains. This study serves as a compelling precursor to our investigation into the relationship between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the presence of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Additionally, Doe and Jones (2018) present a comprehensive analysis of statistical associations between sporting achievements and occupational distributions within specific geographical areas, providing a theoretical foundation for our current pursuit.
Turning to non-fiction sources, "The Physics of Football" by Timothy Gay offers an intriguing perspective on the physical dynamics governing sports, suggesting the potential for unforeseen connections between athletic prowess and scientific disciplines. Similarly, "AeroSpace: The Final Frontier" by Mary Smithson delves into the cultural and economic impact of aerospace endeavors, inviting contemplation on the possible interplay between sports and careers in space-related industries.
In the realm of fiction, "The Goal Scorer's Guide to the Galaxy" by Douglas Adams and "Aerospace Aces: Adventures in the Stratosphere" by Veronica Rivers provide delightful escapades into parallel universes where football and aerospace engineering coalesce in unpredictable and amusing ways. These imaginative works, while purely fictional, evoke the whimsical potential underlying our investigation.
While our inquiry may appear unconventional, it is not without precedent. As children's shows such as "The Magic School Bus" and "Rocket Power" amusingly blended scientific concepts with elements of sportsmanship and teamwork, our study similarly endeavors to unravel the intricacies of a peculiar correlation, with an eye for the whimsical and the improbable. These light-hearted influences remind us that the pursuit of knowledge need not always be dour, but can also be imbued with humor and surprise.
Thus, armed with a blend of academic rigor, speculative ponderings, and a dash of levity, we dive into the depths of this curious conundrum, brimming with enthusiasm for the potential revelations that await us.

[[RESULTS]]
Our research revealed a strong correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico from 2006 to 2022. The r-squared value of 0.7291168 further underscored the robustness of this correlation. The p-value of less than 0.01 lent statistical significance to our findings, indicative of a relationship that goes beyond mere coincidence.
The scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually confirms the positive association between Messi's goal count and the tally of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. The alignment of these data points on the graph captures the enthralling dance of statistical harmony, mirroring the intricate footwork of a seasoned tango dancer.
This unexpected juxtaposition of individual athletic prowess and the occupational landscape of a state synonymous with the heavens has teased the boundaries of expectation and elicited a gleeful appreciation for the quirks of empirical inquiry. The findings of our study open the floodgates to a stream of contemplation, inviting the scholarly community to ponder the cosmic ballet choreographed by Messi's goals and the scientific aspirations of New Mexico's aerospace enthusiasts.
In presenting these results, we seek to champion the spirit of insight and inquiry, all while infusing our discourse with a touch of whimsy and intellectual merriment. This peculiar nexus of sports and science, as illuminated by our findings, continues to be a source of captivating intrigue and perhaps a gentle reminder that the probabilities of correlation can, at times, lead to delightful surprises.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of our investigation shed light on the unlikely yet compelling relationship between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Building on the scholarly works of Smith et al. (2020) and Doe and Jones (2018), our study contributes to the growing body of literature that explores the interconnectedness of athletic accomplishments and regional workforce demographics.

While some may find the concept of associating a football maestro with aerospace engineers to be a whimsical notion, our findings provide empirical support for the idea that seemingly unrelated domains can exhibit striking correlations. Drawing from the lighthearted influence of children's shows like "The Magic School Bus" and "Rocket Power," our study embraces the unexpected and highlights the potential for uncovering hidden connections in the most unlikely of places.

The remarkable correlation coefficient and r-squared value accrued from our data brought to the fore the robustness of the observed relationship. The statistical significance underscored by the p-value signifies that the alignment of Messi's goals and the presence of aerospace engineers in New Mexico transcends mere coincidence. The scatterplot, with its distinctive visual representation, portrays the subtle yet captivating dance of statistical harmony, akin to the breathtaking sweep of a tango performance.

Our study serves as a testament to the whimsical potential that underscores empirical inquiry, demonstrating that even in the most unconventional pairings, there exists the potential for intriguing correlations. As our findings invite further contemplation and theoretical discussions, we are reminded that the pursuit of knowledge need not always unfold in mundane or conventional ways. Rather, it can be a delightful expedition that unearths unexpected links and, in this case, illustrates the cosmic ballet orchestrated by Messi's goals and the scientific aspirations of New Mexico's aerospace enthusiasts.

In the realm of interdisciplinary exploration, our investigation stands as a noteworthy testament, beckoning the scholarly community to embrace the allure of the unconventional and revel in the harmony of unexpected correlations. As we reflect on the offbeat nature of our inquiry, we are reminded that within the vast tapestry of empirical inquiry, there exists ample room for both rigor and revelry.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina and The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico

[[ABSTRACT]]
The correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a matter of great interest in numerous fields, including the realms of sports achievement and regional demographics. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the unexpected connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the state of New Mexico. The idiosyncratic nature of this investigation stems from the juxtaposition of an individual athlete's performance and the collective professional occupation of an American state renowned for its associations with space exploration. Through an exhaustive analysis leveraging extensive data culled from esteemed sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we discovered a remarkably robust correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2006 to 2022. Our findings persist as a curious conundrum, prompting further speculation and bemusement regarding the possible undercurrents linking Argentine football prowess and aerospace expertise in New Mexico. This study leaves the door open for a plethora of theoretical discussions and, perhaps, some lighthearted conjecture regarding the cosmic alignment of Messi's goals and the altruistic ambitions of aerospace engineers.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The intersection between sports performance and regional demographics has long been a subject of fascination and bewilderment. The confluence of Lionel Messi's prolific goal-scoring for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the land of enchantment, New Mexico, represents an intriguing enigma that compels our earnest investigation. The tantalizing yet tenuous tether between these entities beckons us to delve into realms where the laws of probability and causation may waltz in an unforeseen choreography.
As we embark on this adventure of statistical scrutiny, it is essential to acknowledge the idiosyncrasies of our pursuit. The domain of sports and the province of aerospace engineering may, at first glance, appear as distant as the moon is from Roswell – pardon the pun – but our inquiry into the potential correlation between them uncovers surprising coherence. The prospect of discovering a substantial relationship between Messi's on-field exploits and the cerebral endeavors of aerospace engineers stationed in the high desert presents an intellectual romp that is not lacking in amusement.
In the following sections, we will present our findings, bedecked with statistical rigor and meticulous analysis, all the while keeping an eye out for the whimsical and the improbable. We hope to tease out the nuances of this peculiar association between the artistry of Messi's goals and the scientific pursuits of those who aim for the stars, both metaphorically and literally. Join us, as we unravel this intricate dance of data, where the tango of tango – in its dazzling unpredictability – may yet yield unanticipated revelations and a few playful surprises.

[[RESULTS]]
Our research revealed a strong correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico from 2006 to 2022. The r-squared value of 0.7291168 further underscored the robustness of this correlation. The p-value of less than 0.01 lent statistical significance to our findings, indicative of a relationship that goes beyond mere coincidence.
The scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually confirms the positive association between Messi's goal count and the tally of aerospace engineers in New Mexico. The alignment of these data points on the graph captures the enthralling dance of statistical harmony, mirroring the intricate footwork of a seasoned tango dancer.
This unexpected juxtaposition of individual athletic prowess and the occupational landscape of a state synonymous with the heavens has teased the boundaries of expectation and elicited a gleeful appreciation for the quirks of empirical inquiry. The findings of our study open the floodgates to a stream of contemplation, inviting the scholarly community to ponder the cosmic ballet choreographed by Messi's goals and the scientific aspirations of New Mexico's aerospace enthusiasts.
In presenting these results, we seek to champion the spirit of insight and inquiry, all while infusing our discourse with a touch of whimsy and intellectual merriment. This peculiar nexus of sports and science, as illuminated by our findings, continues to be a source of captivating intrigue and perhaps a gentle reminder that the probabilities of correlation can, at times, lead to delightful surprises.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our investigation into the surprisingly robust correlation between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico has unveiled a delightful symbiosis between the realm of sports prowess and the domain of scientific ambition. The statistical robustness of the correlation coefficient and the r-squared value underscores the unexpected resonance between these seemingly disparate entities. This unexpected convergence not only stimulates further scholarly contemplation but also elicits a wry smile in appreciation of the whimsical symphony of statistical composure.

Furthermore, the visual confirmation of this correlation through the scatterplot (Fig. 1) evokes the graceful footwork of a tango dancer, reminding us that even in the rigor of empirical inquiry, there may exist a touch of artistry and flair. Perhaps, this correlation serves as a reminder that in the dance of empirical investigation, an element of whimsy can often emerge, similar to the dramatic flourishes in a tango performance.

Ultimately, our findings beckon the academic community to appreciate the improbable connections that underlie the terrestrial and celestial pursuits. Nevertheless, in the spirit of scholarly rigor, we assert that no further research is needed in this area, lest we delve too deeply into the eccentricities of statistical serendipity. As we bid adieu to this peculiar investigation, we do so with a chuckle and a tip of the hat to the capricious waltz of empirical inquiry.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Sports Analytics and Aerospace Engineering


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The International Society for Soccer Statistics and Space Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Tango of Tango: The Tenuous Tether Between Lionel Messi's Goal Count for Argentina and The Number of Aerospace Engineers in New Mexico with an abstract of The correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a matter of great interest in numerous fields, including the realms of sports achievement and regional demographics. In this paper, we endeavor to explore the unexpected connection between Lionel Messi's goal count for the Argentina national football team and the number of aerospace engineers situated in the state of New Mexico. The idiosyncratic nature of this investigation stems from the juxtaposition of an individual athlete's performance and the collective professional occupation of an American state renowned for its associations with space exploration. Through an exhaustive analysis leveraging extensive data culled from esteemed sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, we discovered a remarkably robust correlation coefficient of 0.8538834 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2006 to 2022. Our findings persist as a curious conundrum, prompting further speculation and bemusement regarding the possible undercurrents linking Argentine football prowess and aerospace expertise in New Mexico. This study leaves the door open for a plethora of theoretical discussions and, perhaps, some lighthearted conjecture regarding the cosmic alignment of Messi's goals and the altruistic ambitions of aerospace engineers.

ChatGPT:

Lionel Messi, Argentina national football team, aerospace engineers, New Mexico, correlation, sports achievement, regional demographics, statistical analysis, data analysis

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina
Detailed data title: Lionel Messi's goal for Argentina
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina

The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico
Detailed data title: BLS estimate of aerospace engineers in New Mexico
Source: Bureau of Larbor Statistics
See what else correlates with The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico

Correlation r = 0.8538834 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.7291168 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 72.9% of the change in the one variable (i.e., The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina) over the 17 years from 2006 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.3E-5. 0.0000129436174767657660000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.85 in 0.0013% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 77,258 random variables You don't actually need 77 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 16 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 16 because we have two variables measured over a period of 17 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.63, 0.95 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina (Goals scored)2623241268484451918
The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico (Aerospace Engineers)4205106105906007708608306905807306307006106809001680




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([2,6,2,3,2,4,12,6,8,4,8,4,4,5,1,9,18,])
array_2 = np.array([420,510,610,590,600,770,860,830,690,580,730,630,700,610,680,900,1680,])
array_1_name = "Lionel Messi's goal count for Argentina"
array_2_name = "The number of aerospace engineers in New Mexico"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 1677 · Black Variable ID: 72 · Red Variable ID: 11791
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