Spurious correlation #1,664 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is UFO sightings in Georgia and the second variable is Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. The chart goes from 1979 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is UFO sightings in Georgia and the second variable is Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. The chart goes from 1979 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

The UFOs beamed down a special condiment that made the hotdogs irresistible, leading to record-breaking consumption by the champion.

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a whimsical illustration showing a park in Georgia, with a joyful crowd gathered to watch the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion devouring hot dogs. In the sky, a colorful UFO hovers, catching the attention of onlookers who are capturing the extraordinary sight on their cameras. The scene captures both the excitement of the competition and the unexpected appearance of the UFO, blending elements of whimsy and wonder. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: UFO sightings in Georgia and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Whimsical illustration Psychedelic Data cyber art Cutsy graphics Low poly
ChatGPT: Whimsical illustration

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both UFO sightings in Georgia and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a park in Georgia, a crowd gathers to watch the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion devouring hotdogs while a UFO hovers in the sky, caught on camera by onlookers.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Whimsical illustration ] and depicting this scene: In a park in Georgia, a crowd gathers to watch the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion devouring hotdogs while a UFO hovers in the sky, caught on camera by onlookers. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a whimsical illustration showing a park in Georgia, with a joyful crowd gathered to watch the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion devouring hot dogs. In the sky, a colorful UFO hovers, catching the attention of onlookers who are capturing the extraordinary sight on their cameras. The scene captures both the excitement of the competition and the unexpected appearance of the UFO, blending elements of whimsy and wonder.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in UFO sightings in Georgia caused Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

The Unidentified Flying Object of Desire: Exploring the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Georgia and Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Hotdog Consumption

The Journal of Gastronomical Extraterrestrial Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Georgia and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then cite some social media posts you read that seem to be related.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Flying Object of Desire: Exploring the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Georgia and Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Hotdog Consumption

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the enigmatic and tantalizing correlation between UFO sightings in Georgia and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Drawing on data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we meticulously analyze over four decades of UFO sightings and hotdog eating records. Our findings reveal a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.8475851 and a p-value less than 0.01, shedding light on a peculiar yet statistically significant relationship. As we unravel this celestial mystery, we also embark on a journey through the cosmos of condiments and the celestial seasoning of sausage consumption. Join us as we launch into the stratosphere of statistical intrigue and unearth the extraterrestrial appetites that may have a cosmic connection to competitive hotdog consumption.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Introduction
The enigmatic and often outlandish realm of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) has long captivated the human imagination, prompting questions about extraterrestrial life and civilization. Equally captivating, although perhaps less otherworldly, is the realm of competitive hotdog eating, a pursuit that combines gluttony with gastronomic spectacle to produce awe-inspiring feats of consumption. In this study, we aim to undertake a rigorous investigation of the seemingly implausible connection between UFO sightings in Georgia and the hotdog consumption of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. While this investigation may seem to teeter on the edge of scientific credibility, we assure the reader that it is underpinned by a robust statistical analysis and a steadfast commitment to delving into the cosmic conundrums of condiments and consumption.
The state of Georgia, known for its peaches and Southern charm, has also found itself the subject of an abundance of UFO sightings over the years. Concurrently, the annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition, held in Coney Island, New York, has crowned its own champions who have propelled themselves to glory through astonishing feats of hotdog consumption. The inexplicable synergy between these two disparate phenomena has sparked our curiosity and led us to embark on this peculiar, yet compelling, quest for understanding.
Drawing upon data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the illustrious annals of Wikipedia, we have meticulously compiled and analyzed over four decades of UFO sightings in Georgia and the hotdog consumption records of the reigning champions of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Our aim is to lift the veil on this seemingly preposterous correlation and bring to light the hidden patterns that may underpin this cosmic convergence of inexplicable events. We are poised to unravel the cosmic tapestry that intertwines the saucer-shaped sightings of the Georgia skies with the cylindrical consumption of competitive hotdog eaters.
In this research endeavor, we recognize the inherent skepticism that may accompany the exploration of such an unconventional interconnection. We invite readers to set aside any preconceptions and join us in this scientific odyssey as we venture into uncharted terrain, where the celestial and the culinary converge in an unexpected dance of statistical intrigue. Together, we shall peer into the celestial abyss, seeking to shed light on the cosmic appetites that may hold a remarkable correlation to the competitive consumption of encased meats.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The synthesis of knowledge pertaining to UFO sightings in Georgia and the hotdog consumption of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion offers a curious glimpse into the intersection of celestial phenomena and competitive consumption. As we traverse this unorthodox terrain of inquiry, we turn to existing research and literature to unearth any semblance of understanding within this enigmatic correlation.

Smith et al. (2015) conducted a comprehensive analysis of UFO sightings across the United States, including the state of Georgia. Their meticulous documentation of sightings, categorization of unexplained aerial phenomena, and geographical distribution provide a foundational understanding of the prevalence and variety of UFO encounters within the region. While their work focuses primarily on the description and classification of UFO sightings, it sets the stage for our exploration into potential anomalies and unexpected associations.

Doe and Jones (2018) delved into the world of competitive eating, offering insights into the physiological and psychological underpinnings of extreme food consumption. Their study sheds light on the remarkable capacities of competitive eaters and the physiological adaptations that enable them to ingest extraordinary quantities of food in a short span of time. While their research does not explicitly address the correlation with UFO sightings, it provides valuable context for understanding the broader landscape of competitive eating and the extraordinary feats that captivate audiences worldwide.

As we venture deeper into the realm of unconventional correlations, we must also consider the broader cultural and societal influences that may underpin these phenomena. Publications such as "The Hot Dog Companion: A Celebration of One of America's Favorite Foods" (Jackson, 2019) and "Encounters of the Third Kind: A Collection of UFO Tales" (Smith, 2020) offer alternative perspectives on the cosmic and culinary realms, albeit in distinct contexts. While these works may appear unrelated at first glance, their juxtaposition prompts contemplation of the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate domains.

Turning to the realm of fiction, the works of Douglas Adams, particularly "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" and its exploration of extraterrestrial encounters, add a whimsical dimension to our contemplation of UFO sightings. In a similarly whimsical vein, the science fiction classic "Slaughterhouse-Five" by Kurt Vonnegut introduces themes of time travel and extraterrestrial interactions, offering a departure from the empirical inquiries that characterize traditional research literature.

Further supplementing our understanding of contemporary perspectives, social media platforms have become arenas for the dissemination of anecdotal accounts and speculative musings on UFO sightings and competitive eating. A tweet by @UFOEnthusiast247 remarkably juxtaposes a purported UFO sighting in Georgia with a lighthearted commentary on the cosmic appetites of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. While social media posts must be approached with caution, they reflect the public discourse and popular imagination surrounding these phenomena.

As we navigate the complex landscape of literature and cultural discourse, we remain cognizant of the need for empirical rigor and methodological precision in uncovering the underlying connection between UFO sightings in Georgia and hotdog consumption by the reigning champion of competitive eating. While the journey may veer into unexpected territories, we stand committed to illuminating the cosmic appetites that may intertwine with terrestrial observations of unexplained phenomena.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Georgia and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Flying Object of Desire: Exploring the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Georgia and Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Hotdog Consumption

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the enigmatic and tantalizing correlation between UFO sightings in Georgia and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Drawing on data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we meticulously analyze over four decades of UFO sightings and hotdog eating records. Our findings reveal a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.8475851 and a p-value less than 0.01, shedding light on a peculiar yet statistically significant relationship. As we unravel this celestial mystery, we also embark on a journey through the cosmos of condiments and the celestial seasoning of sausage consumption. Join us as we launch into the stratosphere of statistical intrigue and unearth the extraterrestrial appetites that may have a cosmic connection to competitive hotdog consumption.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The synthesis of knowledge pertaining to UFO sightings in Georgia and the hotdog consumption of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion offers a curious glimpse into the intersection of celestial phenomena and competitive consumption. As we traverse this unorthodox terrain of inquiry, we turn to existing research and literature to unearth any semblance of understanding within this enigmatic correlation.
Smith et al. (2015) conducted a comprehensive analysis of UFO sightings across the United States, including the state of Georgia. Their meticulous documentation of sightings, categorization of unexplained aerial phenomena, and geographical distribution provide a foundational understanding of the prevalence and variety of UFO encounters within the region. While their work focuses primarily on the description and classification of UFO sightings, it sets the stage for our exploration into potential anomalies and unexpected associations.
Doe and Jones (2018) delved into the world of competitive eating, offering insights into the physiological and psychological underpinnings of extreme food consumption. Their study sheds light on the remarkable capacities of competitive eaters and the physiological adaptations that enable them to ingest extraordinary quantities of food in a short span of time. While their research does not explicitly address the correlation with UFO sightings, it provides valuable context for understanding the broader landscape of competitive eating and the extraordinary feats that captivate audiences worldwide.
As we venture deeper into the realm of unconventional correlations, we must also consider the broader cultural and societal influences that may underpin these phenomena. Publications such as "The Hot Dog Companion: A Celebration of One of America's Favorite Foods" (Jackson, 2019) and "Encounters of the Third Kind: A Collection of UFO Tales" (Smith, 2020) offer alternative perspectives on the cosmic and culinary realms, albeit in distinct contexts. While these works may appear unrelated at first glance, their juxtaposition prompts contemplation of the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate domains.
Turning to the realm of fiction, the works of Douglas Adams, particularly "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" and its exploration of extraterrestrial encounters, add a whimsical dimension to our contemplation of UFO sightings. In a similarly whimsical vein, the science fiction classic "Slaughterhouse-Five" by Kurt Vonnegut introduces themes of time travel and extraterrestrial interactions, offering a departure from the empirical inquiries that characterize traditional research literature.
Further supplementing our understanding of contemporary perspectives, social media platforms have become arenas for the dissemination of anecdotal accounts and speculative musings on UFO sightings and competitive eating. A tweet by @UFOEnthusiast247 remarkably juxtaposes a purported UFO sighting in Georgia with a lighthearted commentary on the cosmic appetites of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. While social media posts must be approached with caution, they reflect the public discourse and popular imagination surrounding these phenomena.
As we navigate the complex landscape of literature and cultural discourse, we remain cognizant of the need for empirical rigor and methodological precision in uncovering the underlying connection between UFO sightings in Georgia and hotdog consumption by the reigning champion of competitive eating. While the journey may veer into unexpected territories, we stand committed to illuminating the cosmic appetites that may intertwine with terrestrial observations of unexplained phenomena.

[[RESULTS]]
Our analysis of the data revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8475851 between UFO sightings in Georgia and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. This correlation suggests a strong relationship between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) was calculated to be 0.7184006, indicating that approximately 72% of the variability in hotdog consumption can be explained by the variability in UFO sightings in Georgia. The p-value, which was found to be less than 0.01, provides compelling evidence of the statistical significance of this correlation.
The correlation is visually depicted in Figure 1, a scatterplot that illustrates the striking relationship between UFO sightings and hotdog consumption. The plot showcases the unmistakable pattern of increasing hotdog consumption coinciding with higher reported sightings of UFOs in Georgia. It's as if the champions were reaching for the stars while munching on their buns!
While these findings may elicit raised eyebrows and quizzical glances, they point to a relationship that warrants further investigation and contemplation. Indeed, this peculiar association between extraterrestrial sightings and competitive hotdog consumption raises questions about the cosmic forces at play in the appetites of champion eaters. Are these consummate competitors drawing inspiration from the heavens above as they devour their cylindrical delicacies? Or are there other, more Earthly factors at play, masquerading in the cloak of celestial intrigue?
The statistical robustness of our findings, however whimsical they may seem, invites us to delve deeper into the enigmatic interplay of saucers in the sky and sausages in the stomach. Our analysis paves the way for future studies to explore the mechanisms underlying this unexpected correlation, perhaps shedding light on the cosmic appetites that may drive competitive eaters to astronomical achievements. It seems that the stars align not only in the night sky, but also in the indulgent realms of competitive hotdog consumption.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our study has unearthed a rather intriguing connection between UFO sightings in Georgia and the hotdog consumption by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. The statistically significant correlation coefficient of 0.8475851 and a p-value less than 0.01 validate our initial hypotheses and support the prior research that directed our gaze to this cosmic and culinary intersection.

The literature review provided a panoramic view of the unassuming yet captivating landscape of UFO sightings and competitive eating. The work of Smith et al. (2015) laid the groundwork for our investigation, emphasizing the foundational understanding of UFO encounters in the region, which mirrored our own meticulous documentation of sightings. Additionally, the study by Doe and Jones (2018) shed light on the physiological and psychological underpinnings of competitive eating, allowing us to appreciate the remarkable capacities of competitive eaters and the relentless pursuit of gastronomic glory.

Moreover, the profound cultural influences highlighted in "The Hot Dog Companion: A Celebration of One of America's Favorite Foods" (Jackson, 2019) and "Encounters of the Third Kind: A Collection of UFO Tales" (Smith, 2020) allude to the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate domains, foreshadowing the unexpected cosmic-culinary alliance that we have uncovered. The whimsical dimension afforded by the works of authors such as Douglas Adams and Kurt Vonnegut, reminiscent of the whimsy inherent in our findings, underscore the interplay of empirical inquiry and speculative imagination.

Our results not only affirm the existence of a tangible correlation but also propel us into an uncharted domain of contemplation. The scatterplot visually encapsulates the juxtaposition of the celestial and the terrestrial, as the trajectory of increased hotdog consumption aligns with higher reported UFO sightings. It's almost as though the champions were reaching for the stars while munching on their buns, figuratively and gastronomically speaking.

While the implications of our findings may seem reminiscent of science fiction, they beckon us to embark on a journey into the cosmic appetites that seemingly intertwine with terrestrial observations of unexplained phenomena. The statistical robustness of our unearthed correlation invites us to expand our scholarly endeavors, probing deeper into the perplexing interplay of saucers in the sky and sausages in the stomach. The cosmic forces at play in the appetites of champion eaters beg for comprehension, challenging us to discern whether they draw inspiration from the heavens above or whether more earthly, albeit peculiar, factors are at play.

In conclusion, our study sets the stage for further exploration of the mechanisms underlying this unexpected correlation. The cosmic appetites that appear to drive competitive eaters to astronomical achievements beckon us to contemplate the uncharted frontiers of competitive eating. It is in these endeavors that we may yet unearth the cosmic connections that transcend mere statistical analyses, harnessing the galactic allure to inspire gastronomic greatness.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Georgia and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Flying Object of Desire: Exploring the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Georgia and Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Hotdog Consumption

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the enigmatic and tantalizing correlation between UFO sightings in Georgia and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Drawing on data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we meticulously analyze over four decades of UFO sightings and hotdog eating records. Our findings reveal a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.8475851 and a p-value less than 0.01, shedding light on a peculiar yet statistically significant relationship. As we unravel this celestial mystery, we also embark on a journey through the cosmos of condiments and the celestial seasoning of sausage consumption. Join us as we launch into the stratosphere of statistical intrigue and unearth the extraterrestrial appetites that may have a cosmic connection to competitive hotdog consumption.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Introduction
The enigmatic and often outlandish realm of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) has long captivated the human imagination, prompting questions about extraterrestrial life and civilization. Equally captivating, although perhaps less otherworldly, is the realm of competitive hotdog eating, a pursuit that combines gluttony with gastronomic spectacle to produce awe-inspiring feats of consumption. In this study, we aim to undertake a rigorous investigation of the seemingly implausible connection between UFO sightings in Georgia and the hotdog consumption of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. While this investigation may seem to teeter on the edge of scientific credibility, we assure the reader that it is underpinned by a robust statistical analysis and a steadfast commitment to delving into the cosmic conundrums of condiments and consumption.
The state of Georgia, known for its peaches and Southern charm, has also found itself the subject of an abundance of UFO sightings over the years. Concurrently, the annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition, held in Coney Island, New York, has crowned its own champions who have propelled themselves to glory through astonishing feats of hotdog consumption. The inexplicable synergy between these two disparate phenomena has sparked our curiosity and led us to embark on this peculiar, yet compelling, quest for understanding.
Drawing upon data from the National UFO Reporting Center and the illustrious annals of Wikipedia, we have meticulously compiled and analyzed over four decades of UFO sightings in Georgia and the hotdog consumption records of the reigning champions of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Our aim is to lift the veil on this seemingly preposterous correlation and bring to light the hidden patterns that may underpin this cosmic convergence of inexplicable events. We are poised to unravel the cosmic tapestry that intertwines the saucer-shaped sightings of the Georgia skies with the cylindrical consumption of competitive hotdog eaters.
In this research endeavor, we recognize the inherent skepticism that may accompany the exploration of such an unconventional interconnection. We invite readers to set aside any preconceptions and join us in this scientific odyssey as we venture into uncharted terrain, where the celestial and the culinary converge in an unexpected dance of statistical intrigue. Together, we shall peer into the celestial abyss, seeking to shed light on the cosmic appetites that may hold a remarkable correlation to the competitive consumption of encased meats.

[[RESULTS]]
Our analysis of the data revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8475851 between UFO sightings in Georgia and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. This correlation suggests a strong relationship between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) was calculated to be 0.7184006, indicating that approximately 72% of the variability in hotdog consumption can be explained by the variability in UFO sightings in Georgia. The p-value, which was found to be less than 0.01, provides compelling evidence of the statistical significance of this correlation.
The correlation is visually depicted in Figure 1, a scatterplot that illustrates the striking relationship between UFO sightings and hotdog consumption. The plot showcases the unmistakable pattern of increasing hotdog consumption coinciding with higher reported sightings of UFOs in Georgia. It's as if the champions were reaching for the stars while munching on their buns!
While these findings may elicit raised eyebrows and quizzical glances, they point to a relationship that warrants further investigation and contemplation. Indeed, this peculiar association between extraterrestrial sightings and competitive hotdog consumption raises questions about the cosmic forces at play in the appetites of champion eaters. Are these consummate competitors drawing inspiration from the heavens above as they devour their cylindrical delicacies? Or are there other, more Earthly factors at play, masquerading in the cloak of celestial intrigue?
The statistical robustness of our findings, however whimsical they may seem, invites us to delve deeper into the enigmatic interplay of saucers in the sky and sausages in the stomach. Our analysis paves the way for future studies to explore the mechanisms underlying this unexpected correlation, perhaps shedding light on the cosmic appetites that may drive competitive eaters to astronomical achievements. It seems that the stars align not only in the night sky, but also in the indulgent realms of competitive hotdog consumption.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our findings unveil a statistically robust correlation between UFO sightings in Georgia and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. This unexpected connection, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8475851 and a p-value less than 0.01, prompts questions about the cosmic forces at play in the appetites of champion eaters. It seems that the allure of the extraterrestrial may transcend mere speculation and launch into the realm of statistical intrigue, akin to a rocket soaring through the cosmos of condiments and competitive consumption.

The correlation, depicted in Figure 1, reveals a celestial dance of saucers and sausages, as if the champions were reaching for the stars while munching on their buns. As we contemplate the implications of this unexpected cosmic convergence, we are left to ponder the mysterious influence that UFO sightings may exert on the competitive consumption of encased meats. Could it be that these consummate competitors draw inspiration from the celestial bodies above, or are there more down-to-earth explanations masquerading in the cloak of celestial intrigue?

While the temptation to dismiss this correlation as mere coincidence may be strong, our rigorous statistical analysis invites us to consider the possibility of a cosmic connection between these seemingly disparate phenomena. The cosmic tapestry that intertwines the saucer-shaped sightings of the Georgia skies with the cylindrical consumption of competitive hotdog eaters beckons further exploration and contemplation. Is it possible that the champions' voracious appetites are truly out of this world?

In light of these revelations, we encourage further investigation into this celestial mystery, as harnessing the power of statistical inquiry may illuminate the cosmic appetites that drive competitive eaters to astronomical achievements. However, it's our firm professional opinion that no more research in this area is necessary. After all, we wouldn't want to overstuff ourselves with statistical sausage-based studies, now would we?

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Unidentified Flying Object of Desire: Exploring the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Georgia and Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Hotdog Consumption. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Gastronomical Extraterrestrial Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Unidentified Flying Object of Desire: Exploring the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Georgia and Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Hotdog Consumption. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Association for Extraterrestrial Encounters and Gastronomical Research (AEEGR)

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Unidentified Flying Object of Desire: Exploring the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Georgia and Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Hotdog Consumption with an abstract of In this study, we delve into the enigmatic and tantalizing correlation between UFO sightings in Georgia and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Drawing on data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we meticulously analyze over four decades of UFO sightings and hotdog eating records. Our findings reveal a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.8475851 and a p-value less than 0.01, shedding light on a peculiar yet statistically significant relationship. As we unravel this celestial mystery, we also embark on a journey through the cosmos of condiments and the celestial seasoning of sausage consumption. Join us as we launch into the stratosphere of statistical intrigue and unearth the extraterrestrial appetites that may have a cosmic connection to competitive hotdog consumption.

ChatGPT:

UFO sightings Georgia, Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition, hotdog consumption correlation, National UFO Reporting Center data, hotdog eating records, statistical correlation, celestial mystery, sausage consumption, extraterrestrial appetites, cosmic connection, competitive hotdog consumption

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

Random correlation

Discover a new correlation

View all correlations

View all research papers

Report an error

Data details

UFO sightings in Georgia
Detailed data title: UFO sightings reported in Georgia
Source: National UFO Reporting Center
See what else correlates with UFO sightings in Georgia

Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
Detailed data title: Hotdog Consumption by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

Correlation r = 0.8475851 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.7184006 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 71.8% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., UFO sightings in Georgia) over the 43 years from 1979 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 7.6E-13.^Show 0.0000000000007555987743454567
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.85 in 7.6E-11% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 1,323,453,708,440 random variables^Note You don't actually need 1 trillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 42 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 42 because we have two variables measured over a period of 43 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.73, 0.92 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
UFO sightings in Georgia (UFO sightings)	7	5	2	1	2	10	5	6	3	3	3	4	8	4	2	4	11	8	13	31	60	42	40	39	60	65	73	74	105	97	81	73	90	122	138	217	130	117	114	70	134	104	52
Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion (Hotdogs eaten)	9	9.5	11	11	10.5	9.5	11.75	15.5	13.5	10	15.5	16	21.5	19	17	20	19.5	22.25	24.5	19	20.25	25	50	50.5	44.5	53.33	49	53.75	66	59	68	54	62	68	69	61	62	70	72	74	71	75	76

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Outlandish outliers: There are "outliers" in this data.^Note In concept, "outlier" just means "way different than the rest of your dataset." When calculating a correlation like this, they are particularly impactful because a single outlier can substantially increase your correlation.

For the purposes of this project, I counted a point as an outlier if it the residual was two standard deviations from the mean.

(This bullet point only shows up in the details page on charts that do, in fact, have outliers.)
They stand out on the scatterplot above: notice the dots that are far away from any other dots. I intentionally mishandeled outliers, which makes the correlation look extra strong.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([7,5,2,1,2,10,5,6,3,3,3,4,8,4,2,4,11,8,13,31,60,42,40,39,60,65,73,74,105,97,81,73,90,122,138,217,130,117,114,70,134,104,52,])
array_2 = np.array([9,9.5,11,11,10.5,9.5,11.75,15.5,13.5,10,15.5,16,21.5,19,17,20,19.5,22.25,24.5,19,20.25,25,50,50.5,44.5,53.33,49,53.75,66,59,68,54,62,68,69,61,62,70,72,74,71,75,76,])
array_1_name = "UFO sightings in Georgia"
array_2_name = "Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only UFO sightings in Georgia
Line chart for only Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: The Unidentified Flying Object of Desire: Exploring the Connection Between UFO Sightings in Georgia and Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Hotdog Consumption

View another random correlation

How fun was this correlation?

Hats off to you for rating!

Correlation ID: 1664 · Black Variable ID: 1163 · Red Variable ID: 500


Problem variable:
Issue:
Additional details: Optional
Confirm you are a human: