Spurious correlation #1,272 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is American cheese consumption and the second variable is The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). The chart goes from 2002 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is American cheese consumption and the second variable is The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). The chart goes from 2002 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As American cheese consumption increased, so did the demand for cheese. This led to a surge in dairy profits, causing investors to take a fondue-like interest in dairy stocks. The cheesy boom in the dairy industry sprinkled some magic on the stock market, including The Walt Disney Company (DIS), as investors brie-came more attracted to all things dairy-related. It was a gouda time for Disney's stock price, proving that when it comes to Wall Street, the potential for cheddar really can make it the happiest place on earth!

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [Prompt: An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie] Generate an image of a vibrant and bustling city square with a grand Disney castle in the background. In the foreground, depict a group of people seated on park benches, enjoying delicious grilled cheese sandwiches. Among them, showcase Mickey Mouse playfully running around, holding a grilled cheese sandwich in his hand. Additionally, include an expansive dairy farm in the distance, with the iconic Disney logo prominently displayed. Finally, show a building with a stock market ticker displaying a steady rise in the Walt Disney Company's stock price. The scene should exude the connection between increased American cheese consumption, Disney's stock performance, and Mickey Mouse's affinity for grilled cheese sandwiches, hinting at a secret investment in dairy farms. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the situation described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here is a situation: "New Study Shows Surge in American Cheese Consumption Linked to Rise in Walt Disney Company Stock Price - Experts Credit Mickey Mouse's Love for Grilled Cheese Sandwiches and Their Secret Investment in Dairy Farms.". Given that situation, which of the following image descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand and the tone of the explanation. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Steampunk An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie Photorealism Cute 2D animation An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated and the explanation described. Do not reference graphs or charts; describe physical objects.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that depicts the following situation. Keep the description simple. "New Study Shows Surge in American Cheese Consumption Linked to Rise in Walt Disney Company Stock Price - Experts Credit Mickey Mouse's Love for Grilled Cheese Sandwiches and Their Secret Investment in Dairy Farms."
ChatGPT: In a bustling city, a group of people are seen enjoying delicious grilled cheese sandwiches while sitting on park benches. Alongside them, a majestic Disney castle stands tall, with Mickey Mouse playfully running around, holding a grilled cheese sandwich. In the distance, an expansive dairy farm can be seen with the iconic Disney logo displayed prominently. The stock market ticker on a nearby building shows a steady rise in the Walt Disney Company's stock price. The scene reflects the surprising connection between increased American cheese consumption, Disney's stock performance, and Mickey Mouse's affinity for grilled cheese sandwiches, alluding to the secret investment in dairy farms.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling city, a group of people are seen enjoying delicious grilled cheese sandwiches while sitting on park benches. Alongside them, a majestic Disney castle stands tall, with Mickey Mouse playfully running around, holding a grilled cheese sandwich. In the distance, an expansive dairy farm can be seen with the iconic Disney logo displayed prominently. The stock market ticker on a nearby building shows a steady rise in the Walt Disney Company's stock price. The scene reflects the surprising connection between increased American cheese consumption, Disney's stock performance, and Mickey Mouse's affinity for grilled cheese sandwiches, alluding to the secret investment in dairy farms. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [Prompt: An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie] Generate an image of a vibrant and bustling city square with a grand Disney castle in the background. In the foreground, depict a group of people seated on park benches, enjoying delicious grilled cheese sandwiches. Among them, showcase Mickey Mouse playfully running around, holding a grilled cheese sandwich in his hand. Additionally, include an expansive dairy farm in the distance, with the iconic Disney logo prominently displayed. Finally, show a building with a stock market ticker displaying a steady rise in the Walt Disney Company's stock price. The scene should exude the connection between increased American cheese consumption, Disney's stock performance, and Mickey Mouse's affinity for grilled cheese sandwiches, hinting at a secret investment in dairy farms.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in American cheese consumption caused The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS) to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy

The International Journal of Fromage and Finance

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the peculiar yet delightful intersection of American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Using data from the USDA and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous assessment from 2002 to 2021, revealing a surprisingly robust correlation. Our findings demonstrate a correlation coefficient of 0.9518939 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, establishing a strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated entities. While it may seem like a fondue of far-fetched connections, our research suggests that there might indeed be a "gouda" reason to pay closer attention to the whims of American cheese consumption when assessing the performance of Disney's stock price. Further exploration of this amusing association could yield valuable insights for investors and cheese aficionados alike.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The interplay between seemingly disparate variables has long intrigued researchers across various disciplines. From the relationship between economic indicators and market performance to the impact of dietary habits on health outcomes, exploring unexpected connections often leads to fascinating insights. In this vein, the present study endeavors to unravel the curiously captivating linkage between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS).
While the stock market is often regarded as a space of numbers, trends, and economic indicators, it is not immune to the whimsical and, dare we say, "cheesy" influences that may sway its trajectory. Concurrently, American cheese, with its mild flavor profile and versatile meltability, occupies a ubiquitous presence in the landscape of culinary indulgence. The confluence of these seemingly unrelated domains, melding finance with fromage, presents an opportunity to delve into unchartered territories of investigation.
As we embark on this peculiar pursuit, we aim to approach the inquiry with the rigor and precision expected in the realm of empirical research. Drawing on data from the USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service for cheese consumption and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) for stock price information, we have undertaken a methodical analysis spanning the period from 2002 to 2021. The juxtaposition of cheese consumption and stock price performance may prompt initial skepticism, but we are confident that our findings will add a layer of "brie-lliance" to the discourse surrounding market dynamics.
In the following sections, we will present the methodological approach employed in this investigation, the statistical analyses conducted, and, ultimately, the compelling results that have emerged. By shedding light on this unexpected correlation, we aspire to inject a touch of levity into the world of financial inquiry while, simultaneously, uncovering a potentially meaningful association between two ostensibly unrelated phenomena.
As we delve into this unorthodox junction of cheese and stock prices, we encourage readers to approach our findings with a blend of intellectual curiosity and perhaps a dash of whimsy. After all, as the adage goes, "grate" findings often emerge from the most unassuming places.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "Smith et al.," the authors find an intriguing correlation between dietary patterns and stock market performance, prompting further exploration of unorthodox linkages in financial research. Similarly, "Doe and Jones" investigate the influence of consumer consumption habits on market trends, revealing unexpected associations that defy traditional economic analyses.

Moving beyond the realm of traditional financial literature, "The Omnivore's Dilemma" by Michael Pollan offers a comprehensive examination of American dietary habits, delving into the cultural and economic factors that shape food consumption patterns. Pertinently, "Fast Food Nation" by Eric Schlosser presents a scintillating portrayal of the American fast food industry, shedding light on the popularity of processed cheese products within the nation's culinary landscape.

Transitioning to fictional narrative explorations, "Cheddar Off Dead" by Julia Buckley lightheartedly intertwines themes of small-town mystery with an underlying affection for artisanal cheese-making. "The Swiss Affair" by Emylia Hall, though ostensibly unrelated, evokes a sense of culinary wanderlust through its evocative portrayal of European landscapes, subtly reminding readers of the ubiquity of cheese in various societal milieus.

Expanding the purview of literature review to unorthodox but nonetheless entertaining sources, the authors, in a whimsical departure from conventional scholarly practices, serendipitously encountered a trove of quirky observations in the unlikeliest of places. Indeed, perusing verbose narratives entrenched within the labyrinthine folds of ancient CVS receipts yielded unexpected insinuations regarding the effects of American cheese consumption on the stock price of The Walt Disney Company. While, admittedly, the relevance of such unconventional sources may be subject to skepticism, the authors invite readers to ponder the occasional serendipity that permeates scholarly pursuits and the delightful idiosyncrasies found therein.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2002 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the peculiar yet delightful intersection of American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Using data from the USDA and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous assessment from 2002 to 2021, revealing a surprisingly robust correlation. Our findings demonstrate a correlation coefficient of 0.9518939 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, establishing a strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated entities. While it may seem like a fondue of far-fetched connections, our research suggests that there might indeed be a "gouda" reason to pay closer attention to the whims of American cheese consumption when assessing the performance of Disney's stock price. Further exploration of this amusing association could yield valuable insights for investors and cheese aficionados alike.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The interplay between seemingly disparate variables has long intrigued researchers across various disciplines. From the relationship between economic indicators and market performance to the impact of dietary habits on health outcomes, exploring unexpected connections often leads to fascinating insights. In this vein, the present study endeavors to unravel the curiously captivating linkage between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS).
While the stock market is often regarded as a space of numbers, trends, and economic indicators, it is not immune to the whimsical and, dare we say, "cheesy" influences that may sway its trajectory. Concurrently, American cheese, with its mild flavor profile and versatile meltability, occupies a ubiquitous presence in the landscape of culinary indulgence. The confluence of these seemingly unrelated domains, melding finance with fromage, presents an opportunity to delve into unchartered territories of investigation.
As we embark on this peculiar pursuit, we aim to approach the inquiry with the rigor and precision expected in the realm of empirical research. Drawing on data from the USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service for cheese consumption and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) for stock price information, we have undertaken a methodical analysis spanning the period from 2002 to 2021. The juxtaposition of cheese consumption and stock price performance may prompt initial skepticism, but we are confident that our findings will add a layer of "brie-lliance" to the discourse surrounding market dynamics.
In the following sections, we will present the methodological approach employed in this investigation, the statistical analyses conducted, and, ultimately, the compelling results that have emerged. By shedding light on this unexpected correlation, we aspire to inject a touch of levity into the world of financial inquiry while, simultaneously, uncovering a potentially meaningful association between two ostensibly unrelated phenomena.
As we delve into this unorthodox junction of cheese and stock prices, we encourage readers to approach our findings with a blend of intellectual curiosity and perhaps a dash of whimsy. After all, as the adage goes, "grate" findings often emerge from the most unassuming places.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

METHODOLOGY

Data Collection:

The empirical investigation into the entwined fates of American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS) begins with the meticulous collection of relevant data. Utilizing information primarily sourced from the USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service for American cheese consumption and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) for stock price data, our research team embarked on a quest through the digital landscape. The data spans the extensive timeframe from 2002 to 2021, capturing the undulating ebbs and flows of both cheese consumption and stock price movements.

Cheese Consumption Metrics:

The exploration of American cheese consumption unfolds through an extensive examination of per capita consumption figures, trade volumes, and apparent consumption within the domestic market. These metrics, while seemingly mundane on the surface, form the intricate tapestry of cheese-related data points that underpin our analysis. The USDA's comprehensive database, offering insights into cheese production, utilization, and inventory, stands as the bedrock of our foray into the savory world of cheese consumption.

Stock Price Dynamics:

Conversely, our probe into the mystique of Disney's stock performance involved the procurement and curation of stock price data from the august repository of financial information, LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). Daily opening and closing prices, trading volumes, and stock exchange-related metadata comprise the scaffold upon which our analysis of Disney's stock price waltzes into focus.

Quantitative Correlation Analysis:

The essence of our quantitative inquiry revolves around the earnest endeavor to unveil the relationship, if any, between American cheese consumption and Disney's stock price performance. Employing rigorous statistical methods, including the computation of Pearson correlation coefficients and the assessment of significance levels through p-values, we seek to disentangle the enigmatic web of potential associations.

Furthermore, the deployment of time-series analyses and regression modeling serves as our compass in navigating the capricious terrain of market dynamics and dairy trends. These analytical tools will illuminate the degrees of covariation, uncover latent patterns, and offer a framework for discerning the extent of correlation, if not causation, between the trajectories of American cheese consumption and the financial fortunes of Disney.

Intriguingly, this endeavor may seem akin to the pursuit of a "feta"-stic chimerical quest at first glance. However, in the spirit of scientific exploration, we embrace the whimsical while maintaining a steadfast commitment to methodological rigor. In the subsequent section, we will expound upon the statistical analyses that have cast light on the surpising co-mingling of cheese and stock prices.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2002 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.9518939, r-squared of 0.9061019, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the peculiar yet delightful intersection of American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Using data from the USDA and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous assessment from 2002 to 2021, revealing a surprisingly robust correlation. Our findings demonstrate a correlation coefficient of 0.9518939 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, establishing a strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated entities. While it may seem like a fondue of far-fetched connections, our research suggests that there might indeed be a "gouda" reason to pay closer attention to the whims of American cheese consumption when assessing the performance of Disney's stock price. Further exploration of this amusing association could yield valuable insights for investors and cheese aficionados alike.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
INTRODUCTION
The interplay between seemingly disparate variables has long intrigued researchers across various disciplines. From the relationship between economic indicators and market performance to the impact of dietary habits on health outcomes, exploring unexpected connections often leads to fascinating insights. In this vein, the present study endeavors to unravel the curiously captivating linkage between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS).
While the stock market is often regarded as a space of numbers, trends, and economic indicators, it is not immune to the whimsical and, dare we say, "cheesy" influences that may sway its trajectory. Concurrently, American cheese, with its mild flavor profile and versatile meltability, occupies a ubiquitous presence in the landscape of culinary indulgence. The confluence of these seemingly unrelated domains, melding finance with fromage, presents an opportunity to delve into unchartered territories of investigation.
As we embark on this peculiar pursuit, we aim to approach the inquiry with the rigor and precision expected in the realm of empirical research. Drawing on data from the USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service for cheese consumption and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) for stock price information, we have undertaken a methodical analysis spanning the period from 2002 to 2021. The juxtaposition of cheese consumption and stock price performance may prompt initial skepticism, but we are confident that our findings will add a layer of "brie-lliance" to the discourse surrounding market dynamics.
In the following sections, we will present the methodological approach employed in this investigation, the statistical analyses conducted, and, ultimately, the compelling results that have emerged. By shedding light on this unexpected correlation, we aspire to inject a touch of levity into the world of financial inquiry while, simultaneously, uncovering a potentially meaningful association between two ostensibly unrelated phenomena.
As we delve into this unorthodox junction of cheese and stock prices, we encourage readers to approach our findings with a blend of intellectual curiosity and perhaps a dash of whimsy. After all, as the adage goes, "grate" findings often emerge from the most unassuming places.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]

ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The investigation into the association between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS) from 2002 to 2021 yielded intriguing insights. The analysis revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9518939, indicative of a strong positive relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. Moreover, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) stood at 0.9061019, signaling that over 90% of the variability in Disney's stock price can be explained by changes in American cheese consumption. The statistical significance was confirmed with a p-value of less than 0.01, further affirming the robustness of the observed association.

This unexpected convergence of American cheese and Disney's stock price prompts contemplation of the "grate" forces at play in the market dynamics. The scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually encapsulates the snug fit of the data points, underscoring the strong correlation and possibly leaving researchers "feta" up with excitement at the prospect of such a compelling relationship.

These findings not only expand the frontiers of financial research but also kindle a sense of wonder about the quirky interplay of economic variables. While some may dismiss the connection as merely a "gouda" coincidence, our results suggest a more nuanced narrative, hinting at potential avenues for further exploration in the realm of gastronomic influence on market performance. This peculiar pairing of cheese and stock prices promises to elevate the intellectual discourse with a sprinkle of unexpected charm and, perhaps, a slice of good humor.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the peculiar yet delightful intersection of American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Using data from the USDA and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous assessment from 2002 to 2021, revealing a surprisingly robust correlation. Our findings demonstrate a correlation coefficient of 0.9518939 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, establishing a strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated entities. While it may seem like a fondue of far-fetched connections, our research suggests that there might indeed be a "gouda" reason to pay closer attention to the whims of American cheese consumption when assessing the performance of Disney's stock price. Further exploration of this amusing association could yield valuable insights for investors and cheese aficionados alike.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "Smith et al.," the authors find an intriguing correlation between dietary patterns and stock market performance, prompting further exploration of unorthodox linkages in financial research. Similarly, "Doe and Jones" investigate the influence of consumer consumption habits on market trends, revealing unexpected associations that defy traditional economic analyses.
Moving beyond the realm of traditional financial literature, "The Omnivore's Dilemma" by Michael Pollan offers a comprehensive examination of American dietary habits, delving into the cultural and economic factors that shape food consumption patterns. Pertinently, "Fast Food Nation" by Eric Schlosser presents a scintillating portrayal of the American fast food industry, shedding light on the popularity of processed cheese products within the nation's culinary landscape.
Transitioning to fictional narrative explorations, "Cheddar Off Dead" by Julia Buckley lightheartedly intertwines themes of small-town mystery with an underlying affection for artisanal cheese-making. "The Swiss Affair" by Emylia Hall, though ostensibly unrelated, evokes a sense of culinary wanderlust through its evocative portrayal of European landscapes, subtly reminding readers of the ubiquity of cheese in various societal milieus.
Expanding the purview of literature review to unorthodox but nonetheless entertaining sources, the authors, in a whimsical departure from conventional scholarly practices, serendipitously encountered a trove of quirky observations in the unlikeliest of places. Indeed, perusing verbose narratives entrenched within the labyrinthine folds of ancient CVS receipts yielded unexpected insinuations regarding the effects of American cheese consumption on the stock price of The Walt Disney Company. While, admittedly, the relevance of such unconventional sources may be subject to skepticism, the authors invite readers to ponder the occasional serendipity that permeates scholarly pursuits and the delightful idiosyncrasies found therein.

[[RESULTS]]
The investigation into the association between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS) from 2002 to 2021 yielded intriguing insights. The analysis revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9518939, indicative of a strong positive relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. Moreover, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) stood at 0.9061019, signaling that over 90% of the variability in Disney's stock price can be explained by changes in American cheese consumption. The statistical significance was confirmed with a p-value of less than 0.01, further affirming the robustness of the observed association.
This unexpected convergence of American cheese and Disney's stock price prompts contemplation of the "grate" forces at play in the market dynamics. The scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually encapsulates the snug fit of the data points, underscoring the strong correlation and possibly leaving researchers "feta" up with excitement at the prospect of such a compelling relationship.
These findings not only expand the frontiers of financial research but also kindle a sense of wonder about the quirky interplay of economic variables. While some may dismiss the connection as merely a "gouda" coincidence, our results suggest a more nuanced narrative, hinting at potential avenues for further exploration in the realm of gastronomic influence on market performance. This peculiar pairing of cheese and stock prices promises to elevate the intellectual discourse with a sprinkle of unexpected charm and, perhaps, a slice of good humor.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The findings of our study offer compelling validation of prior research that has hinted at the influence of seemingly incongruous variables on market dynamics. Building on the work of "Smith et al." and "Doe and Jones," our investigation underscores the significance of unorthodox linkages in financial research and the delightful unpredictability of economic forces.

The delightful convergence of American cheese consumption and Disney's stock price, as observed in our study, adds a whimsical dimension to the understanding of market dynamics. While prior literature has playfully flirted with unorthodox associations, our results elevate the discourse by presenting a robust correlation coefficient of 0.9518939, affirming a strikingly strong relationship. The statistical significance with a p-value of less than 0.01 reinforces the validity of this enchanting connection, contributing to the scholarly tapestry of idiosyncratic market influences.

We acknowledge that the significance of this association may initially be met with a "skepticheese" mindset, but our diligent analysis undeniably supports the presence of a meaningful relationship. By leveraging statistically sound methodologies, our study encourages a light-hearted yet rigorous exploration of the broader economic and cultural implications of this "cheesily" intriguing intersection.

With due respect to the scholarly contributions of "The Omnivore's Dilemma" by Michael Pollan and the captivating portrayal of the American fast food industry in "Fast Food Nation" by Eric Schlosser, our findings substantiate the notion that American dietary habits, particularly in relation to cheese consumption, hold legitimate sway over market performance. The melding of economic and gastronomic phenomena, while superficially reminiscent of whimsical fiction, holds sway within the empirical realm, imparting a delightful quirk to the conventional rigidity of financial analyses.

Overall, the unexpectedly snug fit of our data points, evidenced by the scatterplot in Fig. 1, invites a playful reconsideration of market forces and culinary caprices. This peculiar pairing not only unveils the "grate" potential for reinvigorating scholarly discourse with a touch of whimsy but also invites further curiosity into the lingering mysteries of market influences. Through this work, we invite readers to savor the multifaceted charm of financial research and to relish the deliciously unexpected interplay of economic variables.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the peculiar yet delightful intersection of American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Using data from the USDA and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous assessment from 2002 to 2021, revealing a surprisingly robust correlation. Our findings demonstrate a correlation coefficient of 0.9518939 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, establishing a strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated entities. While it may seem like a fondue of far-fetched connections, our research suggests that there might indeed be a "gouda" reason to pay closer attention to the whims of American cheese consumption when assessing the performance of Disney's stock price. Further exploration of this amusing association could yield valuable insights for investors and cheese aficionados alike.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The interplay between seemingly disparate variables has long intrigued researchers across various disciplines. From the relationship between economic indicators and market performance to the impact of dietary habits on health outcomes, exploring unexpected connections often leads to fascinating insights. In this vein, the present study endeavors to unravel the curiously captivating linkage between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS).
While the stock market is often regarded as a space of numbers, trends, and economic indicators, it is not immune to the whimsical and, dare we say, "cheesy" influences that may sway its trajectory. Concurrently, American cheese, with its mild flavor profile and versatile meltability, occupies a ubiquitous presence in the landscape of culinary indulgence. The confluence of these seemingly unrelated domains, melding finance with fromage, presents an opportunity to delve into unchartered territories of investigation.
As we embark on this peculiar pursuit, we aim to approach the inquiry with the rigor and precision expected in the realm of empirical research. Drawing on data from the USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service for cheese consumption and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) for stock price information, we have undertaken a methodical analysis spanning the period from 2002 to 2021. The juxtaposition of cheese consumption and stock price performance may prompt initial skepticism, but we are confident that our findings will add a layer of "brie-lliance" to the discourse surrounding market dynamics.
In the following sections, we will present the methodological approach employed in this investigation, the statistical analyses conducted, and, ultimately, the compelling results that have emerged. By shedding light on this unexpected correlation, we aspire to inject a touch of levity into the world of financial inquiry while, simultaneously, uncovering a potentially meaningful association between two ostensibly unrelated phenomena.
As we delve into this unorthodox junction of cheese and stock prices, we encourage readers to approach our findings with a blend of intellectual curiosity and perhaps a dash of whimsy. After all, as the adage goes, "grate" findings often emerge from the most unassuming places.

[[RESULTS]]
The investigation into the association between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS) from 2002 to 2021 yielded intriguing insights. The analysis revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9518939, indicative of a strong positive relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. Moreover, the coefficient of determination (r-squared) stood at 0.9061019, signaling that over 90% of the variability in Disney's stock price can be explained by changes in American cheese consumption. The statistical significance was confirmed with a p-value of less than 0.01, further affirming the robustness of the observed association.
This unexpected convergence of American cheese and Disney's stock price prompts contemplation of the "grate" forces at play in the market dynamics. The scatterplot (Fig. 1) visually encapsulates the snug fit of the data points, underscoring the strong correlation and possibly leaving researchers "feta" up with excitement at the prospect of such a compelling relationship.
These findings not only expand the frontiers of financial research but also kindle a sense of wonder about the quirky interplay of economic variables. While some may dismiss the connection as merely a "gouda" coincidence, our results suggest a more nuanced narrative, hinting at potential avenues for further exploration in the realm of gastronomic influence on market performance. This peculiar pairing of cheese and stock prices promises to elevate the intellectual discourse with a sprinkle of unexpected charm and, perhaps, a slice of good humor.

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Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our investigation into the relationship between American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS) has unveiled a compelling and somewhat "gouda" narrative. The remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9518939, coupled with a statistically significant p-value, underscores the robustness of this intriguing association. This unlikely pairing of finance and fromage has not only added a layer of "brie-lliance" to the discourse surrounding market dynamics but has also sparked a sense of wonder at the whimsical interplay of seemingly unrelated variables.

The findings beg the question of what "cheddar" factors could underpin such a strong connection. While some may view it as no more than a happy coincidence, our results embolden us to fondue further into the realms of gastronomic influence on market performance. The scatterplot, with its snug fit of data points, may leave researchers "feta" up with excitement about the potential insights that await in this unexplored terrain.

As we stand at this curious crossroads of finance and fromage, we assert with utmost sincerity that no further "provolone-gation" of research is warranted in this delightfully cheesy avenue. After all, in the realm of empirical inquiry, some mysteries are best left to age like a fine Gouda.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The International Journal of Fromage and Finance

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Institute for Dairy Delights and Financial Frolics

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy with an abstract of This paper investigates the peculiar yet delightful intersection of American cheese consumption and The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS). Using data from the USDA and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous assessment from 2002 to 2021, revealing a surprisingly robust correlation. Our findings demonstrate a correlation coefficient of 0.9518939 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, establishing a strong relationship between these seemingly unrelated entities. While it may seem like a fondue of far-fetched connections, our research suggests that there might indeed be a "gouda" reason to pay closer attention to the whims of American cheese consumption when assessing the performance of Disney's stock price. Further exploration of this amusing association could yield valuable insights for investors and cheese aficionados alike.

ChatGPT:

American cheese consumption, The Walt Disney Company stock price, correlation study, USDA data, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, correlation coefficient, statistical significance, relationship analysis, investment insights, cheese consumption impact on stock price

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

American cheese consumption
Detailed data title: Per capita consumption of American cheese in the US
Source: USDA
See what else correlates with American cheese consumption

The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS)
Detailed data title: Opening price of The Walt Disney Company (DIS) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: ^{See full details} Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS)

Correlation r = 0.9518939 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.9061019 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 90.6% of the change in the one variable (i.e., The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., American cheese consumption) over the 20 years from 2002 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.1E-10.^Show 0.0000000001099944828459552500
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.95 in 1.1E-8% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 9,091,365,077 random variables^Note You don't actually need 9 billion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 19 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 19 because we have two variables measured over a period of 20 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.88, 0.98 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
American cheese consumption (Pounds per person)	12.8314	12.5619	12.8612	12.649	13.0656	12.7929	13.1306	13.3553	13.3048	13.0392	13.2569	13.3573	13.6656	14.0444	14.3621	15.0901	15.4027	15.5389	15.5	16.1
The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS) (Stock price)	20.61	16.56	23.16	27.42	23.74	33.73	32.32	22.76	32.5	37.74	37.97	50.8	76.04	94.91	103.12	105.3	108.95	108.1	145.29	182.26

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. ^Note Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([12.8314,12.5619,12.8612,12.649,13.0656,12.7929,13.1306,13.3553,13.3048,13.0392,13.2569,13.3573,13.6656,14.0444,14.3621,15.0901,15.4027,15.5389,15.5,16.1,])
array_2 = np.array([20.61,16.56,23.16,27.42,23.74,33.73,32.32,22.76,32.5,37.74,37.97,50.8,76.04,94.91,103.12,105.3,108.95,108.1,145.29,182.26,])
array_1_name = "American cheese consumption"
array_2_name = "The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only American cheese consumption
Line chart for only The Walt Disney Company's stock price (DIS)
The spurious research paper: American Cheese Please: A Cheesy Connection to Disney's Stock Price Squeezy

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