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Spurious correlation #4,318 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Votes for Republican Senators in Michigan and the second variable is Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner.  The chart goes from 2001 to 2020, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As the Republican votes for Senators in Michigan increased, so did the demand for Michigan's famous cherries. This led to a cherry boom, with farmers using age-old techniques to grow plumper, juicier fruit. Unbeknownst to many, the secret fertilizer turned out to be a youth elixir for the skin. As a result, contestants in the Miss Earth Pageant, including the eventual winner, couldn't help but showcase a youthful glow, giving a whole new meaning to age and beauty! So, in a strange twist of fate, the path to the pageant crown was paved with the pits of politics, making it a truly fruitiful affair. And that's how a political sway in Michigan had everyone saying, "Make cherries, not war!"

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Prompt: Create a pop art-style image of a lively Michigan orchard with vibrant cherry trees bearing plump, juicy fruit. Among the trees, depict Miss Earth Pageant contestants showcasing a newfound youthful glow, intertwined with subtle images of political symbols and a sense of lively, youthful energy. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Concept art Art nouveau Magic realism Pop art inspired by bauhaus
ChatGPT: Pop art

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner, in the following situation: As the Republican votes for Senators in Michigan increased, so did the demand for Michigan's famous cherries. This led to a cherry boom, with farmers using age-old techniques to grow plumper, juicier fruit. Unbeknownst to many, the secret fertilizer turned out to be a youth elixir for the skin. As a result, contestants in the Miss Earth Pageant, including the eventual winner, couldn't help but showcase a youthful glow, giving a whole new meaning to age and beauty! So, in a strange twist of fate, the path to the pageant crown was paved with the pits of politics, making it a truly fruitiful affair. And that's how a political sway in Michigan had everyone saying, "Make cherries, not war!". Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a lively Michigan orchard, Republican votes for Senators rose, and with it, the demand for the state's famous cherries. The increase in cherry production led to a cherry boom, with farmers using traditional methods to grow plumper, juicier fruit. Little did they know, the secret fertilizer had an unexpected effect - it turned out to be a youth elixir for the skin. As a result, contestants in the Miss Earth Pageant, including the eventual winner, showcased a newfound youthful glow, redefining the meaning of age and beauty. The path to the pageant crown was oddly connected to the pits of politics, making it a truly fruitful affair. This unexpected turn of events had everyone saying, "Make cherries, not war!"

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Pop art ] and depicting this scene: In a lively Michigan orchard, Republican votes for Senators rose, and with it, the demand for the state's famous cherries. The increase in cherry production led to a cherry boom, with farmers using traditional methods to grow plumper, juicier fruit. Little did they know, the secret fertilizer had an unexpected effect - it turned out to be a youth elixir for the skin. As a result, contestants in the Miss Earth Pageant, including the eventual winner, showcased a newfound youthful glow, redefining the meaning of age and beauty. The path to the pageant crown was oddly connected to the pits of politics, making it a truly fruitful affair. This unexpected turn of events had everyone saying, "Make cherries, not war!" Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Prompt: Create a pop art-style image of a lively Michigan orchard with vibrant cherry trees bearing plump, juicy fruit. Among the trees, depict Miss Earth Pageant contestants showcasing a newfound youthful glow, intertwined with subtle images of political symbols and a sense of lively, youthful energy.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Republican votes for Senators in Michigan caused Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners

The Journal of Political Vinology

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title a clever pun.

Your research team used data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse and Wikipedia to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for 2001 to 2020.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the curious correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. Using data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and Wikipedia, our research team uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for the years 2001 to 2020. Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It appears that as Republican votes in Michigan increase over the years, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also trends in a particular direction, prompting us to wonder if there is more to this seemingly peculiar bond. The results of our study may provoke further investigation into the intricate web of factors influencing voting patterns and beauty pageant outcomes.

*Why did the Republican senator bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? He heard the winner had a high "polish" rating!*


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the curious correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. Using data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and Wikipedia, our research team uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for the years 2001 to 2020. Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It appears that as Republican votes in Michigan increase over the years, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also trends in a particular direction, prompting us to wonder if there is more to this seemingly peculiar bond. The results of our study may provoke further investigation into the intricate web of factors influencing voting patterns and beauty pageant outcomes.

*Why did the Republican senator bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? He heard the winner had a high "polish" rating!*

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The interplay between political behavior and unique societal occurrences often leads research down unexpected and intriguing paths. In this study, we delved into the seemingly unrelated realms of Michigan Senate elections and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners. It's like trying to mix oil and water, or in this case, mix voting patterns with beauty pageant outcomes.

*Why do statisticians love beauty pageants? Because they're always calculating the odds!*

While Miss Earth Pageant winners are crowned based on their environmental advocacy and aesthetic appeal, Michigan Senate elections gauge the political inclinations of the state's constituents. One might assume these phenomena exist in disparate, non-intersecting spheres like a Venn diagram with no overlap. However, as we delved into the data, we found a correlation that was as surprising as finding a voting booth at a beauty pageant.

*Why did the statistician bring a pencil to the beauty pageant? In case they needed to "graph" the winner's progress!*

The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners from 2001 to 2020. As we began our investigation, we couldn't shake the feeling that we were about to uncover a statistical gem that had been hidden in plain sight. It was like finding a statistical needle in a haystack, or a Republican vote in a crowd of Democrats.

*Why was the statistician always calm at beauty pageants? They knew how to keep their "degrees" of composure!*

Our hypothesis stemmed from the curiosity sparked by the ever-evolving landscape of political and societal dynamics. We were as intrigued as a researcher at a puzzle convention, determined to connect the seemingly disconnected pieces of data. The thought of a potential correlation between these two variables was as enticing as a fresh dataset waiting to be analyzed.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a couple popular internet memes that are related to one of the topics.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the curious correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. Using data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and Wikipedia, our research team uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for the years 2001 to 2020. Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It appears that as Republican votes in Michigan increase over the years, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also trends in a particular direction, prompting us to wonder if there is more to this seemingly peculiar bond. The results of our study may provoke further investigation into the intricate web of factors influencing voting patterns and beauty pageant outcomes.

*Why did the Republican senator bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? He heard the winner had a high "polish" rating!*

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The interplay between political behavior and unique societal occurrences often leads research down unexpected and intriguing paths. In this study, we delved into the seemingly unrelated realms of Michigan Senate elections and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners. It's like trying to mix oil and water, or in this case, mix voting patterns with beauty pageant outcomes.
*Why do statisticians love beauty pageants? Because they're always calculating the odds!*
While Miss Earth Pageant winners are crowned based on their environmental advocacy and aesthetic appeal, Michigan Senate elections gauge the political inclinations of the state's constituents. One might assume these phenomena exist in disparate, non-intersecting spheres like a Venn diagram with no overlap. However, as we delved into the data, we found a correlation that was as surprising as finding a voting booth at a beauty pageant.
*Why did the statistician bring a pencil to the beauty pageant? In case they needed to "graph" the winner's progress!*
The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners from 2001 to 2020. As we began our investigation, we couldn't shake the feeling that we were about to uncover a statistical gem that had been hidden in plain sight. It was like finding a statistical needle in a haystack, or a Republican vote in a crowd of Democrats.
*Why was the statistician always calm at beauty pageants? They knew how to keep their "degrees" of composure!*
Our hypothesis stemmed from the curiosity sparked by the ever-evolving landscape of political and societal dynamics. We were as intrigued as a researcher at a puzzle convention, determined to connect the seemingly disconnected pieces of data. The thought of a potential correlation between these two variables was as enticing as a fresh dataset waiting to be analyzed.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

First, we delve into serious-sounding studies by esteemed researchers in the field. In "Smith et al. (2015)," the authors find a correlation between political voting patterns and seemingly unrelated societal events. Similarly, Doe and Jones (2017) explore the intersection of public opinion and seemingly incongruous phenomena, sparking a discussion on the interplay between political inclinations and unexpected social occurrences.

*Why did the statistician bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? To elevate the significance of their findings!*

In order to fully understand the underlying dynamics of our correlation of interest, it is pertinent to consider the works of influential authors such as "The Age of Earth Pageants" by John R. Grayson and "Republican Votes: A Historical Analysis" by Emily Longwell. These works provide a profound understanding of the historical context and social implications of our variables, setting the stage for our current investigation.

Moving to the realm of fiction, novels such as "The Beauty of Politics" by Sarah Bellamy and "The Election Chronicles" by Thomas Archer offer a literary portrayal of the intertwining themes of political landscapes and beauty pageant culture, albeit in a more fictional setting.

Now, the literature would not be complete without a nod to internet culture. Memes such as "Distracted Boyfriend" and "Woman Yelling at a Cat" have permeated social media, offering a playful yet relevant discourse on the unexpected connections and juxtapositions - much like the correlation we are about to unveil.

*What did the statistician say at the beauty pageant? "I'm drawn to this event like data points to a regression line!"*


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse and Wikipedia . You used data from 2001 to 2020

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the curious correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. Using data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and Wikipedia, our research team uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for the years 2001 to 2020. Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It appears that as Republican votes in Michigan increase over the years, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also trends in a particular direction, prompting us to wonder if there is more to this seemingly peculiar bond. The results of our study may provoke further investigation into the intricate web of factors influencing voting patterns and beauty pageant outcomes.

*Why did the Republican senator bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? He heard the winner had a high "polish" rating!*

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The interplay between political behavior and unique societal occurrences often leads research down unexpected and intriguing paths. In this study, we delved into the seemingly unrelated realms of Michigan Senate elections and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners. It's like trying to mix oil and water, or in this case, mix voting patterns with beauty pageant outcomes.
*Why do statisticians love beauty pageants? Because they're always calculating the odds!*
While Miss Earth Pageant winners are crowned based on their environmental advocacy and aesthetic appeal, Michigan Senate elections gauge the political inclinations of the state's constituents. One might assume these phenomena exist in disparate, non-intersecting spheres like a Venn diagram with no overlap. However, as we delved into the data, we found a correlation that was as surprising as finding a voting booth at a beauty pageant.
*Why did the statistician bring a pencil to the beauty pageant? In case they needed to "graph" the winner's progress!*
The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners from 2001 to 2020. As we began our investigation, we couldn't shake the feeling that we were about to uncover a statistical gem that had been hidden in plain sight. It was like finding a statistical needle in a haystack, or a Republican vote in a crowd of Democrats.
*Why was the statistician always calm at beauty pageants? They knew how to keep their "degrees" of composure!*
Our hypothesis stemmed from the curiosity sparked by the ever-evolving landscape of political and societal dynamics. We were as intrigued as a researcher at a puzzle convention, determined to connect the seemingly disconnected pieces of data. The thought of a potential correlation between these two variables was as enticing as a fresh dataset waiting to be analyzed.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Data Collection:
The data for Republican votes for Senators in Michigan was obtained from the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, while the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners were sourced from the Harvard Dataverse and Wikipedia. Our research team scoured these sources from 2001 to 2020, akin to fervently collecting puzzle pieces to construct a larger picture. While the initial data collection process was as challenging as finding a needle in a haystack, or in this case, a Republican vote in a sea of political preferences, we managed to amass a comprehensive dataset for analysis.

*Why did the statistician bring a ladder to the Miss Earth Pageant? She wanted to climb the "age" distribution!*

Correlation Analysis:
To understand the potential relationship between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners, we employed rigorous statistical analysis. Utilizing software which may or may not have been developed by actual wizards, we calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient to measure the strength and direction of the association between these variables. The correlation coefficient obtained was 0.9901400, a value so high that it rivaled the altitude of a beauty queen's pageant heels. Furthermore, the p-value was found to be less than 0.01, indicating a statistically significant relationship between the variables.

*Why did the statistician get lost at the beauty pageant? She took a wrong "turn" trying to navigate the age distribution!*

Control Variables:
In order to ensure the robustness of our findings, we included various control variables such as demographic characteristics, socio-economic factors, and regional voting patterns. These control variables were introduced to mitigate the influence of potential confounding variables that could lurk beneath the surface, like unexpected waves at a beauty pageant's talent segment.

*Why did the statistician avoid the beauty pageant's talent show? She didn't want to deal with any "unexpected variation"!*

Sensitivity Analysis:
To assess the sensitivity of our results, we conducted sensitivity analyses using alternate statistical methodologies and different time frames. This approach allowed us to gauge the stability of the correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners, akin to examining a beauty queen's reign under various spotlight intensities.

*Why did the statistician become a sponsor of the Miss Earth Pageant? Because she wanted to test the "significance" of beauty on statistical models!*

Ethical Considerations:
Throughout the research, ethical guidelines were adhered to, and all data sources were appropriately cited and referenced. Additionally, the privacy and confidentiality of the participants were prioritized, even if the "participants" were merely variables and numbers.

*Why did the statistician bring a calculator to the beauty pageant? She wanted to ensure a "fair" calculation of the winner's age!*

In summary, the methodology employed in this study involved meticulous data collection, rigorous correlation analysis, careful consideration of control variables, sensitivity analyses, and strict adherence to ethical guidelines, as we unraveled the intriguing correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse and Wikipedia .

For the time period 2001 to 2020, you found a correlation 0.9901400, r-squared of 0.9803772, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the curious correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. Using data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and Wikipedia, our research team uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for the years 2001 to 2020. Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It appears that as Republican votes in Michigan increase over the years, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also trends in a particular direction, prompting us to wonder if there is more to this seemingly peculiar bond. The results of our study may provoke further investigation into the intricate web of factors influencing voting patterns and beauty pageant outcomes.

*Why did the Republican senator bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? He heard the winner had a high "polish" rating!*

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The interplay between political behavior and unique societal occurrences often leads research down unexpected and intriguing paths. In this study, we delved into the seemingly unrelated realms of Michigan Senate elections and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners. It's like trying to mix oil and water, or in this case, mix voting patterns with beauty pageant outcomes.
*Why do statisticians love beauty pageants? Because they're always calculating the odds!*
While Miss Earth Pageant winners are crowned based on their environmental advocacy and aesthetic appeal, Michigan Senate elections gauge the political inclinations of the state's constituents. One might assume these phenomena exist in disparate, non-intersecting spheres like a Venn diagram with no overlap. However, as we delved into the data, we found a correlation that was as surprising as finding a voting booth at a beauty pageant.
*Why did the statistician bring a pencil to the beauty pageant? In case they needed to "graph" the winner's progress!*
The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners from 2001 to 2020. As we began our investigation, we couldn't shake the feeling that we were about to uncover a statistical gem that had been hidden in plain sight. It was like finding a statistical needle in a haystack, or a Republican vote in a crowd of Democrats.
*Why was the statistician always calm at beauty pageants? They knew how to keep their "degrees" of composure!*
Our hypothesis stemmed from the curiosity sparked by the ever-evolving landscape of political and societal dynamics. We were as intrigued as a researcher at a puzzle convention, determined to connect the seemingly disconnected pieces of data. The thought of a potential correlation between these two variables was as enticing as a fresh dataset waiting to be analyzed.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The analysis revealed a strong correlation (r = 0.9901400) between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners for the period of 2001 to 2020. This outcome was as unexpected as finding a "recount" request in a beauty pageant. The near-perfect correlation coefficient was as striking as discovering a mathematical pattern in a political event.

The r-squared value of 0.9803772 indicated that approximately 98.03% of the variability in the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners could be explained by the Republican votes for Senators in Michigan. This finding was as illuminating as finding a "bright idea" in a dimly lit laboratory. The strength of this relationship suggests that there may be underlying factors at play, akin to the layers of complexity within a statistical model.

The probability value (p < 0.01) further supported the statistical significance of the correlation, signaling that this result was not due to random chance. This level of significance was as rare as finding a "statistically significant" unicorn in the world of research. The evidence pointed towards a genuine connection between these seemingly disparate variables, reminiscent of a statistical "match" made in heaven.

Our single figure (Fig. 1) illustrates the robust correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. The scatterplot visually encapsulates the strong relationship, much like capturing a rare sighting of a statistical "unicorn" in the wild.

*Why did the statistician break up with the calculator? She couldn't handle its "divisive" behavior!*


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the curious correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. Using data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and Wikipedia, our research team uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for the years 2001 to 2020. Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It appears that as Republican votes in Michigan increase over the years, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also trends in a particular direction, prompting us to wonder if there is more to this seemingly peculiar bond. The results of our study may provoke further investigation into the intricate web of factors influencing voting patterns and beauty pageant outcomes.

*Why did the Republican senator bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? He heard the winner had a high "polish" rating!*

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
First, we delve into serious-sounding studies by esteemed researchers in the field. In "Smith et al. (2015)," the authors find a correlation between political voting patterns and seemingly unrelated societal events. Similarly, Doe and Jones (2017) explore the intersection of public opinion and seemingly incongruous phenomena, sparking a discussion on the interplay between political inclinations and unexpected social occurrences.
*Why did the statistician bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? To elevate the significance of their findings!*
In order to fully understand the underlying dynamics of our correlation of interest, it is pertinent to consider the works of influential authors such as "The Age of Earth Pageants" by John R. Grayson and "Republican Votes: A Historical Analysis" by Emily Longwell. These works provide a profound understanding of the historical context and social implications of our variables, setting the stage for our current investigation.
Moving to the realm of fiction, novels such as "The Beauty of Politics" by Sarah Bellamy and "The Election Chronicles" by Thomas Archer offer a literary portrayal of the intertwining themes of political landscapes and beauty pageant culture, albeit in a more fictional setting.
Now, the literature would not be complete without a nod to internet culture. Memes such as "Distracted Boyfriend" and "Woman Yelling at a Cat" have permeated social media, offering a playful yet relevant discourse on the unexpected connections and juxtapositions - much like the correlation we are about to unveil.
*What did the statistician say at the beauty pageant? "I'm drawn to this event like data points to a regression line!"*

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis revealed a strong correlation (r = 0.9901400) between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners for the period of 2001 to 2020. This outcome was as unexpected as finding a "recount" request in a beauty pageant. The near-perfect correlation coefficient was as striking as discovering a mathematical pattern in a political event.
The r-squared value of 0.9803772 indicated that approximately 98.03% of the variability in the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners could be explained by the Republican votes for Senators in Michigan. This finding was as illuminating as finding a "bright idea" in a dimly lit laboratory. The strength of this relationship suggests that there may be underlying factors at play, akin to the layers of complexity within a statistical model.
The probability value (p < 0.01) further supported the statistical significance of the correlation, signaling that this result was not due to random chance. This level of significance was as rare as finding a "statistically significant" unicorn in the world of research. The evidence pointed towards a genuine connection between these seemingly disparate variables, reminiscent of a statistical "match" made in heaven.
Our single figure (Fig. 1) illustrates the robust correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. The scatterplot visually encapsulates the strong relationship, much like capturing a rare sighting of a statistical "unicorn" in the wild.
*Why did the statistician break up with the calculator? She couldn't handle its "divisive" behavior!*

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of our study serve to corroborate previous research that has hinted at the existence of unexpected connections between seemingly unrelated social phenomena. The strong correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners for the period of 2001 to 2020 aligns with the findings of Smith et al. (2015) and Doe and Jones (2017), who similarly uncovered correlations between political voting patterns and unrelated societal events. It seems that these peculiar connections are not just statistical outliers but rather indicative of a deeper relationship that transcends traditional boundaries, much like an unexpected friendship between a beauty queen and a politician.

The nearly perfect correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 is as remarkable as finding a "diamond in the rough" within statistical data. Such a strong correlation implies a synchronous movement between the two variables, akin to a well-coordinated dance between political sentiments and beauty pageant outcomes. It suggests that as Republican votes in Michigan trend in a particular direction, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also follows suit, almost like they are both part of the same "political beauty pageant" ensemble.

The r-squared value of 0.9803772 underscores the overwhelming influence of Republican votes for Senators in Michigan on the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. This finding is as conclusive as a "QED" in the world of mathematical proofs, leaving little room for doubt regarding the association between these two seemingly incongruous variables. It illustrates that political inclinations may have a more significant impact on beauty pageant outcomes than previously thought, raising the question of whether there is a "politics and poise" quotient at play.

Additionally, the probability value (p < 0.01) provides further support for the robustness of the observed correlation. This level of statistical significance is as rare as a "unicorn sighting" in the field of research, underscoring the genuine connection between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. It seems that this correlation is not just a statistical artifact but rather a "statistical marvel" that warrants further investigation into the intertwined dynamics of politics and beauty pageantry.

In conclusion, our study lends empirical support to the notion that there is an intricate relationship between Republican voting patterns in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners, challenging conventional wisdom and paving the way for a more nuanced understanding of the underlying forces shaping these seemingly disparate domains. Amidst the sea of statistical analyses and political campaigns, it appears that there may be an unsuspected force exerting its influence, much like a "dark horse" contender emerging in an electoral race.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the curious correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. Using data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and Wikipedia, our research team uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for the years 2001 to 2020. Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It appears that as Republican votes in Michigan increase over the years, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also trends in a particular direction, prompting us to wonder if there is more to this seemingly peculiar bond. The results of our study may provoke further investigation into the intricate web of factors influencing voting patterns and beauty pageant outcomes.

*Why did the Republican senator bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? He heard the winner had a high "polish" rating!*

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The interplay between political behavior and unique societal occurrences often leads research down unexpected and intriguing paths. In this study, we delved into the seemingly unrelated realms of Michigan Senate elections and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners. It's like trying to mix oil and water, or in this case, mix voting patterns with beauty pageant outcomes.
*Why do statisticians love beauty pageants? Because they're always calculating the odds!*
While Miss Earth Pageant winners are crowned based on their environmental advocacy and aesthetic appeal, Michigan Senate elections gauge the political inclinations of the state's constituents. One might assume these phenomena exist in disparate, non-intersecting spheres like a Venn diagram with no overlap. However, as we delved into the data, we found a correlation that was as surprising as finding a voting booth at a beauty pageant.
*Why did the statistician bring a pencil to the beauty pageant? In case they needed to "graph" the winner's progress!*
The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the ages of Miss Earth Pageant winners from 2001 to 2020. As we began our investigation, we couldn't shake the feeling that we were about to uncover a statistical gem that had been hidden in plain sight. It was like finding a statistical needle in a haystack, or a Republican vote in a crowd of Democrats.
*Why was the statistician always calm at beauty pageants? They knew how to keep their "degrees" of composure!*
Our hypothesis stemmed from the curiosity sparked by the ever-evolving landscape of political and societal dynamics. We were as intrigued as a researcher at a puzzle convention, determined to connect the seemingly disconnected pieces of data. The thought of a potential correlation between these two variables was as enticing as a fresh dataset waiting to be analyzed.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis revealed a strong correlation (r = 0.9901400) between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners for the period of 2001 to 2020. This outcome was as unexpected as finding a "recount" request in a beauty pageant. The near-perfect correlation coefficient was as striking as discovering a mathematical pattern in a political event.
The r-squared value of 0.9803772 indicated that approximately 98.03% of the variability in the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners could be explained by the Republican votes for Senators in Michigan. This finding was as illuminating as finding a "bright idea" in a dimly lit laboratory. The strength of this relationship suggests that there may be underlying factors at play, akin to the layers of complexity within a statistical model.
The probability value (p < 0.01) further supported the statistical significance of the correlation, signaling that this result was not due to random chance. This level of significance was as rare as finding a "statistically significant" unicorn in the world of research. The evidence pointed towards a genuine connection between these seemingly disparate variables, reminiscent of a statistical "match" made in heaven.
Our single figure (Fig. 1) illustrates the robust correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. The scatterplot visually encapsulates the strong relationship, much like capturing a rare sighting of a statistical "unicorn" in the wild.
*Why did the statistician break up with the calculator? She couldn't handle its "divisive" behavior!*

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study has shed light on the unexpected yet unmistakable correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. This intriguing relationship has emerged as a statistical enigma, much like finding a "red state" in the world of beauty pageants. The high correlation coefficient has raised eyebrows as much as a beauty queen's perfectly arched "statistically significant" eyebrow.

Our findings suggest that there may be underlying factors driving this peculiar association, akin to the hidden variables in a complex regression model. The strong r-squared value highlights the robustness of this connection, much like the unyielding nature of statistical patterns. It's as if the Michigan electorate's political preferences have inadvertently influenced the trajectory of the Miss Earth Pageant winners' ages, creating a statistical "ripple effect" in the pageant realm.

The significance of this correlation, as indicated by the low p-value, underscores the validity of our findings. It's as rare as finding a "diamond in the rough" within the realm of statistical analyses. This insight prompts further contemplation about the intricate interplay between political dynamics and societal perceptions of beauty and environmental advocacy.

In light of these compelling results, it seems clear that no further research on this topic is necessary. As they say, "why mess with perfection?" The connection between these variables is as solid as a "statistically significant" rock, and it's high time we acknowledge this unexpected yet undeniable correlation.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Political Vinology


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Political and Environmental Studies (SPES)


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Republican Vote Ages Like Fine Wine: A Correlation Between Michigan Senatorial Elections and Miss Earth Pageant Winners with an abstract of This paper delves into the curious correlation between Republican votes for Senators in Michigan and the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners. Using data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and Wikipedia, our research team uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9901400 and p < 0.01 for the years 2001 to 2020. Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It appears that as Republican votes in Michigan increase over the years, the age of Miss Earth Pageant winners also trends in a particular direction, prompting us to wonder if there is more to this seemingly peculiar bond. The results of our study may provoke further investigation into the intricate web of factors influencing voting patterns and beauty pageant outcomes.
*Why did the Republican senator bring a ladder to the beauty pageant? He heard the winner had a high "polish" rating!*

ChatGPT:

Michigan senatorial elections, Michigan Republican votes, Miss Earth Pageant winners, correlation, statistical analysis, voting patterns, beauty pageant outcomes, MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, Wikipedia, age correlation, Republican vote trends

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Votes for Republican Senators in Michigan
Detailed data title: Total number of votes cast for Federal Republican Senate candidates in Michigan
Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse
See what else correlates with Votes for Republican Senators in Michigan

Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner

Correlation r = 0.9901400 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9803772 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 98% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Votes for Republican Senators in Michigan) over the 7 years from 2001 through 2020.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.8E-5. 0.0000184437385566481900000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.99 in 0.0018% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 54,219 random variables You don't actually need 54 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 6 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 6 because we have two variables measured over a period of 7 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.93, 1 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
2002200620082012201420182020
Votes for Republican Senators in Michigan (Total votes)1185540155960016410701767390129020019388202642230
Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner (Age Years)19222223202328




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Confounding variable: 2020 is particularly different from the other years on this graph. Confounding variables (like global pandemics) will cause two variables to look connected when in fact a "sneaky third" variable is influencing both of them behind the scenes.
  5. Very low n: There are not many data points included in this analysis. Even if the p-value is high, we should be suspicious of using so few datapoints in a correlation.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([1185540,1559600,1641070,1767390,1290200,1938820,2642230,])
array_2 = np.array([19,22,22,23,20,23,28,])
array_1_name = "Votes for Republican Senators in Michigan"
array_2_name = "Age of Miss Earth Peagant winner"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

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Correlation ID: 4318 · Black Variable ID: 26259 · Red Variable ID: 253
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