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Spurious correlation #2,784 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Maeve and the second variable is Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ).  The chart goes from 2003 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As more and more babies were named Maeve, their innate sense of fiscal responsibility and investment acumen inadvertently led to a surge in stock market activity. It seems that the name Maeve is not just popular, but also has a Midas touch when it comes to financial matters! Who would've thought that a simple change in baby-naming trends could have such far-reaching effects on the economy?

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image that combines the aesthetics of Vaporwave with a bustling marketplace scene. Picture a vibrant marketplace where shelves are filled with Celtic-themed baby items, adorned with the name "Maeve" in a stylized Vaporwave font. Customers eagerly browse and shop, and in the background, a digital display shows the Nasdaq's stock price steadily climbing upward, symbolizing increased investor interest and confidence in the market, all within a surreal and eye-catching Vaporwave color palette. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' Photorealism Low poly Vaporwave Art nouveau
ChatGPT: Vaporwave

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), in the following situation: The increase in popularity of the name Maeve led to a surge in demand for Celtic-themed baby items, boosting profits for companies like Etsy and Amazon. Investors saw the potential for growth and poured money into Nasdaq-listed stocks like NDAQ, driving up the price. It's the luck of the Irish, baby!. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling marketplace, shelves are stocked with Celtic-themed baby items, with the name "Maeve" featured prominently on blankets and onesies. Customers eagerly browse and purchase the charming merchandise. In the background, a digital display shows the Nasdaq's stock price, with the NDAQ ticker symbol steadily climbing upward, reflecting the increased investor interest and confidence in the market.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Vaporwave ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling marketplace, shelves are stocked with Celtic-themed baby items, with the name "Maeve" featured prominently on blankets and onesies. Customers eagerly browse and purchase the charming merchandise. In the background, a digital display shows the Nasdaq's stock price, with the NDAQ ticker symbol steadily climbing upward, reflecting the increased investor interest and confidence in the market. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image that combines the aesthetics of Vaporwave with a bustling marketplace scene. Picture a vibrant marketplace where shelves are filled with Celtic-themed baby items, adorned with the name "Maeve" in a stylized Vaporwave font. Customers eagerly browse and shop, and in the background, a digital display shows the Nasdaq's stock price steadily climbing upward, symbolizing increased investor interest and confidence in the market, all within a surreal and eye-catching Vaporwave color palette.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Popularity of the first name Maeve caused Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ) to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices

The Journal of Pseudoscience and Nonsense Research

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, make it sound serious.

Your research team used data from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and p < 0.01 for 2003 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between name popularity and financial markets has long been an area of speculation, prompting us to dive into the data in search of illuminating insight. In this paper, we present the findings of our study on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), a venture that has been both intellectually stimulating and, dare we say, punbelievable.

Drawing upon data from the US Social Security Administration as well as LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we meticulously tracked the trajectory of the name Maeve over the years, as well as the fluctuation of Nasdaq's stock price from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value less than 0.01 that emerged from our analysis left us feeling statistically starstruck – or perhaps we should say Maeve-struck.

Our results indicate a striking positive correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and the performance of NDAQ, offering intriguing food for thought on the influence of naming trends on financial markets. In conclusion, our research suggests that there may indeed be merit in contemplating the whims of name popularity when deciphering the ebbs and flows of stock prices. As the saying goes, "May the NDAQ be ever in your favor" – and may the puns be plentiful in academic research.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between name popularity and financial markets has long been an area of speculation, prompting us to dive into the data in search of illuminating insight. In this paper, we present the findings of our study on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), a venture that has been both intellectually stimulating and, dare we say, punbelievable.

Drawing upon data from the US Social Security Administration as well as LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we meticulously tracked the trajectory of the name Maeve over the years, as well as the fluctuation of Nasdaq's stock price from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value less than 0.01 that emerged from our analysis left us feeling statistically starstruck – or perhaps we should say Maeve-struck.

Our results indicate a striking positive correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and the performance of NDAQ, offering intriguing food for thought on the influence of naming trends on financial markets. In conclusion, our research suggests that there may indeed be merit in contemplating the whims of name popularity when deciphering the ebbs and flows of stock prices. As the saying goes, "May the NDAQ be ever in your favor" – and may the puns be plentiful in academic research.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The interplay between human behavior and financial markets has been a topic of fascination for scholars, investors, and, well, anyone with a vested interest in the world of numbers and names. As we embark on our exploration of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), we find ourselves wading into uncharted pun-itory – where the only predictability is the unpredictability of dad jokes.

Now, you may be wondering, "What do the popularity of a name and stock prices have in common?" Well, we're here to tell you that the answer Maeve just surprise you! See what we did there? Maeve, "may have"? Okay, we'll stick to the data now.

The utilization of data from the US Social Security Administration provided us with the raw material to track the rise and fall (but mostly rise) of the name Maeve over the years. Meanwhile, our analysis of NDAQ's stock performances from 2003 to 2022 allowed us to juxtapose the fluctuations of the stock market with the ebb and flow of Maeve's popularity. It's safe to say that we were kept on our toes – although, given the context, perhaps we should say on our Maeve's.

Upon crunching the numbers and subjecting our data to rigorous statistical analysis, we unearthed a correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value that practically whispered "statistical significance" in our ears. Which, incidentally, is one of the most charming whispers you can get in the world of research. It's like the statistical equivalent of a love sonnet.

So what did our findings reveal? Well, it seems that the popularity of the name Maeve may indeed wield a remarkable influence on the performance of NDAQ. In other words, if you're looking for a hint of where the financial winds may blow, you might just find it in the whisper of a name. After all, as they say in the world of economics, "When in Maeve, think like NDAQ" – or something along those lines.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between name popularity and financial markets has long been an area of speculation, prompting us to dive into the data in search of illuminating insight. In this paper, we present the findings of our study on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), a venture that has been both intellectually stimulating and, dare we say, punbelievable.

Drawing upon data from the US Social Security Administration as well as LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we meticulously tracked the trajectory of the name Maeve over the years, as well as the fluctuation of Nasdaq's stock price from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value less than 0.01 that emerged from our analysis left us feeling statistically starstruck – or perhaps we should say Maeve-struck.

Our results indicate a striking positive correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and the performance of NDAQ, offering intriguing food for thought on the influence of naming trends on financial markets. In conclusion, our research suggests that there may indeed be merit in contemplating the whims of name popularity when deciphering the ebbs and flows of stock prices. As the saying goes, "May the NDAQ be ever in your favor" – and may the puns be plentiful in academic research.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The interplay between human behavior and financial markets has been a topic of fascination for scholars, investors, and, well, anyone with a vested interest in the world of numbers and names. As we embark on our exploration of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), we find ourselves wading into uncharted pun-itory – where the only predictability is the unpredictability of dad jokes.
Now, you may be wondering, "What do the popularity of a name and stock prices have in common?" Well, we're here to tell you that the answer Maeve just surprise you! See what we did there? Maeve, "may have"? Okay, we'll stick to the data now.
The utilization of data from the US Social Security Administration provided us with the raw material to track the rise and fall (but mostly rise) of the name Maeve over the years. Meanwhile, our analysis of NDAQ's stock performances from 2003 to 2022 allowed us to juxtapose the fluctuations of the stock market with the ebb and flow of Maeve's popularity. It's safe to say that we were kept on our toes – although, given the context, perhaps we should say on our Maeve's.
Upon crunching the numbers and subjecting our data to rigorous statistical analysis, we unearthed a correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value that practically whispered "statistical significance" in our ears. Which, incidentally, is one of the most charming whispers you can get in the world of research. It's like the statistical equivalent of a love sonnet.
So what did our findings reveal? Well, it seems that the popularity of the name Maeve may indeed wield a remarkable influence on the performance of NDAQ. In other words, if you're looking for a hint of where the financial winds may blow, you might just find it in the whisper of a name. After all, as they say in the world of economics, "When in Maeve, think like NDAQ" – or something along those lines.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The relationship between human names and financial markets has been a topic of some interest, with scholars exploring the potential influence of naming trends on economic behavior. Smith et al. (2018) examined the impact of popular baby names on consumer spending habits, while Doe and Jones (2016) delved into the psychological implications of individuals sharing names with well-known corporations. However, our focus on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ) ventures into uncharted pun-itory – where the only predictability is the unpredictability of dad jokes.

In "The Economics of Baby Names," the authors delve into the intriguing parallels between popular names and consumer behavior, shedding light on the potential influence of naming trends on economic patterns. Conversely, "The Name Game: How Your Name Influences Your Life" offers a fascinating exploration of the psychological and social implications of individuals' names, leaving readers pondering the unseen forces behind the power of a name. Now, you might be thinking, "What's in a name, anyway?" Well, according to our research, quite possibly some stock market influence – and a whole lot of pun potential.

Venturing into the realm of fiction, works such as "Maeve and the Bull Market: A Tale of Financial Fortune" and "Nasdaq Nights: A Stock Market Saga" present imaginative stories that weave the worlds of names and stock prices into captivating narratives. While these are not academic studies per se, they certainly fuel the imagination – and, dare we say, the pun-believable possibilities of our own research.

But what about the unconventional sources, you ask? Well, in the spirit of thorough investigation, we, the authors, confess to having dabbled in some rather unorthodox literature. Yes, we're talking about perusing the foot-long CVS receipts – the ones that seem to make their way into our lives, much like the way Maeve made her way into our research. Who knew those seemingly endless scrolls could hold the key to unlocking the mysteries of financial markets? While perhaps not traditional scholarly sources, they did provide ample material for our comedic relief – and a fair share of paper cuts.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2003 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between name popularity and financial markets has long been an area of speculation, prompting us to dive into the data in search of illuminating insight. In this paper, we present the findings of our study on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), a venture that has been both intellectually stimulating and, dare we say, punbelievable.

Drawing upon data from the US Social Security Administration as well as LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we meticulously tracked the trajectory of the name Maeve over the years, as well as the fluctuation of Nasdaq's stock price from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value less than 0.01 that emerged from our analysis left us feeling statistically starstruck – or perhaps we should say Maeve-struck.

Our results indicate a striking positive correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and the performance of NDAQ, offering intriguing food for thought on the influence of naming trends on financial markets. In conclusion, our research suggests that there may indeed be merit in contemplating the whims of name popularity when deciphering the ebbs and flows of stock prices. As the saying goes, "May the NDAQ be ever in your favor" – and may the puns be plentiful in academic research.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The interplay between human behavior and financial markets has been a topic of fascination for scholars, investors, and, well, anyone with a vested interest in the world of numbers and names. As we embark on our exploration of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), we find ourselves wading into uncharted pun-itory – where the only predictability is the unpredictability of dad jokes.
Now, you may be wondering, "What do the popularity of a name and stock prices have in common?" Well, we're here to tell you that the answer Maeve just surprise you! See what we did there? Maeve, "may have"? Okay, we'll stick to the data now.
The utilization of data from the US Social Security Administration provided us with the raw material to track the rise and fall (but mostly rise) of the name Maeve over the years. Meanwhile, our analysis of NDAQ's stock performances from 2003 to 2022 allowed us to juxtapose the fluctuations of the stock market with the ebb and flow of Maeve's popularity. It's safe to say that we were kept on our toes – although, given the context, perhaps we should say on our Maeve's.
Upon crunching the numbers and subjecting our data to rigorous statistical analysis, we unearthed a correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value that practically whispered "statistical significance" in our ears. Which, incidentally, is one of the most charming whispers you can get in the world of research. It's like the statistical equivalent of a love sonnet.
So what did our findings reveal? Well, it seems that the popularity of the name Maeve may indeed wield a remarkable influence on the performance of NDAQ. In other words, if you're looking for a hint of where the financial winds may blow, you might just find it in the whisper of a name. After all, as they say in the world of economics, "When in Maeve, think like NDAQ" – or something along those lines.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

In order to unravel the enigmatic relationship between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), we embarked on a data odyssey that combined rigor with a hint of whimsy – rather like trying to decipher a stock market riddle, only to find that the punchline was a statistical correlation. Our research team waded through vast oceans of data, navigating the treacherous waters of internet sources, consulting the US Social Security Administration for naming trends, and delving into the labyrinthine twists and turns of LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) for stock market fluctuations. We cast our net wide, much like a fisherman searching for prized p-values, and reeled in data spanning the years from 2003 to 2022 – a timeframe that saw the rise of Maeve, both as a name and as an intriguing facet of our research.

Now, you might ask, "Why start with the name Maeve?" Well, the answer is quite simple – we wanted to name our correlation study something pun-derful. Ah, the joys of academic whimsy! It's like a breath of fresh air in an otherwise data-laden room.

First, our investigation into the popularity of the name Maeve involved a systematic scouring of US Social Security Administration records. We diligently tracked the frequency of the name over the years, looking for patterns, peaks, and valleys as if we were voyaging through the hills and troughs of a stock market graph. Our goal was clear: to capture the zeitgeist of parents' naming inclinations and to discern whether there were any notable swells in the popularity of Maeve that might align with surprising shifts in the financial realms. It was like panning for gold in a river of names, hoping to strike statistical nuggets that would illuminate the relationship between nomenclature and numbers.

Simultaneously, our foray into the realm of NDAQ's stock price fluctuations was a venture into the complexities of market data. We harnessed the power of LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to track the meandering journey of NDAQ's stock price from 2003 to 2022, navigating through the rapids and calm waters of market trends with steely-eyed determination. It was like trying to predict the weather patterns of a financial climate, where every surge and dip could hold the key to understanding the influence of a name on stock prices – or, failing that, could at least provide an opportunity for some stock market-themed dad jokes.

Having amassed our respective datasets, we meticulously aligned the temporal coordinates of Maeve's popularity and NDAQ's stock price, stitching together a tapestry of temporal tango between naming fads and market fervor. With a statistical toolbox at our disposal, we wielded correlation analyses, time series models, and a healthy dose of caffeine-fueled enthusiasm to unveil the mysterious dynamic that tethered the fate of a name to the rise and fall of stock prices.

The statistical measures, in all their mathematical glory, yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 – a number that danced off the page like a stock ticker frenzy. Our p-value, confidently standing at less than 0.01, winked at us with the kind of significance that would make any statistician break into a statistical jig. It's moments like these that make you appreciate the poetic elegance of statistical significance – or, at the very least, give you an excuse to celebrate with a "p < 0.05" party hat.

In conclusion, our methodology fused the art of name tracking with the science of stock market analysis, creating a symphony of data that offered a peek into the curious interplay of nomenclature and numbers. It was a journey laced with statistical suspense and a touch of whimsical wonder, where each statistical test and dataset comparison held the promise of unraveling a financial mystery and eliciting more dad jokes than one would expect from an academic paper.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2003 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9679767, r-squared of 0.9369789, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between name popularity and financial markets has long been an area of speculation, prompting us to dive into the data in search of illuminating insight. In this paper, we present the findings of our study on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), a venture that has been both intellectually stimulating and, dare we say, punbelievable.

Drawing upon data from the US Social Security Administration as well as LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we meticulously tracked the trajectory of the name Maeve over the years, as well as the fluctuation of Nasdaq's stock price from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value less than 0.01 that emerged from our analysis left us feeling statistically starstruck – or perhaps we should say Maeve-struck.

Our results indicate a striking positive correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and the performance of NDAQ, offering intriguing food for thought on the influence of naming trends on financial markets. In conclusion, our research suggests that there may indeed be merit in contemplating the whims of name popularity when deciphering the ebbs and flows of stock prices. As the saying goes, "May the NDAQ be ever in your favor" – and may the puns be plentiful in academic research.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The interplay between human behavior and financial markets has been a topic of fascination for scholars, investors, and, well, anyone with a vested interest in the world of numbers and names. As we embark on our exploration of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), we find ourselves wading into uncharted pun-itory – where the only predictability is the unpredictability of dad jokes.
Now, you may be wondering, "What do the popularity of a name and stock prices have in common?" Well, we're here to tell you that the answer Maeve just surprise you! See what we did there? Maeve, "may have"? Okay, we'll stick to the data now.
The utilization of data from the US Social Security Administration provided us with the raw material to track the rise and fall (but mostly rise) of the name Maeve over the years. Meanwhile, our analysis of NDAQ's stock performances from 2003 to 2022 allowed us to juxtapose the fluctuations of the stock market with the ebb and flow of Maeve's popularity. It's safe to say that we were kept on our toes – although, given the context, perhaps we should say on our Maeve's.
Upon crunching the numbers and subjecting our data to rigorous statistical analysis, we unearthed a correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value that practically whispered "statistical significance" in our ears. Which, incidentally, is one of the most charming whispers you can get in the world of research. It's like the statistical equivalent of a love sonnet.
So what did our findings reveal? Well, it seems that the popularity of the name Maeve may indeed wield a remarkable influence on the performance of NDAQ. In other words, if you're looking for a hint of where the financial winds may blow, you might just find it in the whisper of a name. After all, as they say in the world of economics, "When in Maeve, think like NDAQ" – or something along those lines.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The results of our study revealed a striking correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ) from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 indicated a remarkably strong positive relationship between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It seems that, much like a popular name, this correlation Maeve just been meant to be!

Our analysis further demonstrated an r-squared value of 0.9369789, signifying that over 93% of the variability in NDAQ's stock price could be explained by the popularity of the name Maeve. In simpler terms, it's as if the markets were saying, "Hey, don't Maeve me hanging – I need to know where this name's popularity is headed!"

The p-value of less than 0.01 brought an air of statistical significance to our findings, indicating that the observed correlation was highly unlikely to have occurred by chance. It's the kind of result that makes researchers want to do a victory Maeve dance – pun entirely intended.

Now, to put it in visual terms, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot illustrating the robust correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and NDAQ's stock price. As you can see, the data points form a clear upward trend, as if to say, "The higher the popularity of Maeve, the higher the NDAQ – it's just that simple!" Well, perhaps not that simple, but the correlation is indeed striking.

In summary, our findings provide compelling evidence of an unexpected yet significant relationship between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price. This correlation invites further exploration into the potential influence of naming trends on financial markets, giving new meaning to the phrase "a Maeve-ment in the making."


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between name popularity and financial markets has long been an area of speculation, prompting us to dive into the data in search of illuminating insight. In this paper, we present the findings of our study on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), a venture that has been both intellectually stimulating and, dare we say, punbelievable.

Drawing upon data from the US Social Security Administration as well as LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we meticulously tracked the trajectory of the name Maeve over the years, as well as the fluctuation of Nasdaq's stock price from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value less than 0.01 that emerged from our analysis left us feeling statistically starstruck – or perhaps we should say Maeve-struck.

Our results indicate a striking positive correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and the performance of NDAQ, offering intriguing food for thought on the influence of naming trends on financial markets. In conclusion, our research suggests that there may indeed be merit in contemplating the whims of name popularity when deciphering the ebbs and flows of stock prices. As the saying goes, "May the NDAQ be ever in your favor" – and may the puns be plentiful in academic research.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The relationship between human names and financial markets has been a topic of some interest, with scholars exploring the potential influence of naming trends on economic behavior. Smith et al. (2018) examined the impact of popular baby names on consumer spending habits, while Doe and Jones (2016) delved into the psychological implications of individuals sharing names with well-known corporations. However, our focus on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ) ventures into uncharted pun-itory – where the only predictability is the unpredictability of dad jokes.
In "The Economics of Baby Names," the authors delve into the intriguing parallels between popular names and consumer behavior, shedding light on the potential influence of naming trends on economic patterns. Conversely, "The Name Game: How Your Name Influences Your Life" offers a fascinating exploration of the psychological and social implications of individuals' names, leaving readers pondering the unseen forces behind the power of a name. Now, you might be thinking, "What's in a name, anyway?" Well, according to our research, quite possibly some stock market influence – and a whole lot of pun potential.
Venturing into the realm of fiction, works such as "Maeve and the Bull Market: A Tale of Financial Fortune" and "Nasdaq Nights: A Stock Market Saga" present imaginative stories that weave the worlds of names and stock prices into captivating narratives. While these are not academic studies per se, they certainly fuel the imagination – and, dare we say, the pun-believable possibilities of our own research.
But what about the unconventional sources, you ask? Well, in the spirit of thorough investigation, we, the authors, confess to having dabbled in some rather unorthodox literature. Yes, we're talking about perusing the foot-long CVS receipts – the ones that seem to make their way into our lives, much like the way Maeve made her way into our research. Who knew those seemingly endless scrolls could hold the key to unlocking the mysteries of financial markets? While perhaps not traditional scholarly sources, they did provide ample material for our comedic relief – and a fair share of paper cuts.

[[RESULTS]]
The results of our study revealed a striking correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ) from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 indicated a remarkably strong positive relationship between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It seems that, much like a popular name, this correlation Maeve just been meant to be!
Our analysis further demonstrated an r-squared value of 0.9369789, signifying that over 93% of the variability in NDAQ's stock price could be explained by the popularity of the name Maeve. In simpler terms, it's as if the markets were saying, "Hey, don't Maeve me hanging – I need to know where this name's popularity is headed!"
The p-value of less than 0.01 brought an air of statistical significance to our findings, indicating that the observed correlation was highly unlikely to have occurred by chance. It's the kind of result that makes researchers want to do a victory Maeve dance – pun entirely intended.
Now, to put it in visual terms, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot illustrating the robust correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and NDAQ's stock price. As you can see, the data points form a clear upward trend, as if to say, "The higher the popularity of Maeve, the higher the NDAQ – it's just that simple!" Well, perhaps not that simple, but the correlation is indeed striking.
In summary, our findings provide compelling evidence of an unexpected yet significant relationship between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price. This correlation invites further exploration into the potential influence of naming trends on financial markets, giving new meaning to the phrase "a Maeve-ment in the making."

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of our study offer compelling evidence of a strong positive correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). As statisticians, we could hardly contain our joy at uncovering such a pronounced relationship. It's as if the markets themselves were whispering, "Maeve, Maeve me more insight into this unexpected correlation!" (cue the collective groan from all the dads in the room).

Building upon the prior research in the literature review, our findings directly support the notion that naming trends can indeed have a pronounced impact on economic phenomena. Smith et al. (2018) delved into the influence of popular baby names on consumer spending habits, laying the theoretical groundwork for our exploration of the connection between name popularity and financial market performance. While we may have ventured into uncharted pun-itory, the statistical significance of our results accentuates the potential influence of these seemingly whimsical trends on market dynamics. It appears that the relationship between names and economic behavior is not just a "Maeve" of fancy, but a tangible factor worthy of consideration.

In terms of the r-squared value of 0.9369789, our study's results align with the research by Doe and Jones (2016), who delved into the psychological implications of individuals sharing names with well-known corporations. Our findings provide empirical support for the idea that the popularity of a name, even a non-corporate name like Maeve, can have substantial explanatory power for the variability in stock prices. It's as if the stock market itself is nudging us and saying, "Welcome to the Maeve-rick world of name influence – it's more than just a bullish tale!"

The p-value of less than 0.01 further underlines the significance of the observed correlation, lending statistical weight to the often-dismissed idea that there might be more to a name's influence on economic phenomena than meets the eye. It's the kind of result that makes one want to exclaim, "Don't Maeve me hanging – this correlation is the real deal!"

In the grand scheme of things, our research opens up new avenues for understanding the intricate interplay between cultural trends, such as name popularity, and complex economic systems. As we delve deeper into the Maeve-rian depths of this peculiar correlation, we are reminded of the importance of embracing the unexpected – after all, it's in moments of statistical serendipity that we often find the most captivating insights.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices"

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between name popularity and financial markets has long been an area of speculation, prompting us to dive into the data in search of illuminating insight. In this paper, we present the findings of our study on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), a venture that has been both intellectually stimulating and, dare we say, punbelievable.

Drawing upon data from the US Social Security Administration as well as LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we meticulously tracked the trajectory of the name Maeve over the years, as well as the fluctuation of Nasdaq's stock price from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value less than 0.01 that emerged from our analysis left us feeling statistically starstruck – or perhaps we should say Maeve-struck.

Our results indicate a striking positive correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and the performance of NDAQ, offering intriguing food for thought on the influence of naming trends on financial markets. In conclusion, our research suggests that there may indeed be merit in contemplating the whims of name popularity when deciphering the ebbs and flows of stock prices. As the saying goes, "May the NDAQ be ever in your favor" – and may the puns be plentiful in academic research.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The interplay between human behavior and financial markets has been a topic of fascination for scholars, investors, and, well, anyone with a vested interest in the world of numbers and names. As we embark on our exploration of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), we find ourselves wading into uncharted pun-itory – where the only predictability is the unpredictability of dad jokes.
Now, you may be wondering, "What do the popularity of a name and stock prices have in common?" Well, we're here to tell you that the answer Maeve just surprise you! See what we did there? Maeve, "may have"? Okay, we'll stick to the data now.
The utilization of data from the US Social Security Administration provided us with the raw material to track the rise and fall (but mostly rise) of the name Maeve over the years. Meanwhile, our analysis of NDAQ's stock performances from 2003 to 2022 allowed us to juxtapose the fluctuations of the stock market with the ebb and flow of Maeve's popularity. It's safe to say that we were kept on our toes – although, given the context, perhaps we should say on our Maeve's.
Upon crunching the numbers and subjecting our data to rigorous statistical analysis, we unearthed a correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value that practically whispered "statistical significance" in our ears. Which, incidentally, is one of the most charming whispers you can get in the world of research. It's like the statistical equivalent of a love sonnet.
So what did our findings reveal? Well, it seems that the popularity of the name Maeve may indeed wield a remarkable influence on the performance of NDAQ. In other words, if you're looking for a hint of where the financial winds may blow, you might just find it in the whisper of a name. After all, as they say in the world of economics, "When in Maeve, think like NDAQ" – or something along those lines.

[[RESULTS]]
The results of our study revealed a striking correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ) from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 indicated a remarkably strong positive relationship between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. It seems that, much like a popular name, this correlation Maeve just been meant to be!
Our analysis further demonstrated an r-squared value of 0.9369789, signifying that over 93% of the variability in NDAQ's stock price could be explained by the popularity of the name Maeve. In simpler terms, it's as if the markets were saying, "Hey, don't Maeve me hanging – I need to know where this name's popularity is headed!"
The p-value of less than 0.01 brought an air of statistical significance to our findings, indicating that the observed correlation was highly unlikely to have occurred by chance. It's the kind of result that makes researchers want to do a victory Maeve dance – pun entirely intended.
Now, to put it in visual terms, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot illustrating the robust correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and NDAQ's stock price. As you can see, the data points form a clear upward trend, as if to say, "The higher the popularity of Maeve, the higher the NDAQ – it's just that simple!" Well, perhaps not that simple, but the correlation is indeed striking.
In summary, our findings provide compelling evidence of an unexpected yet significant relationship between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price. This correlation invites further exploration into the potential influence of naming trends on financial markets, giving new meaning to the phrase "a Maeve-ment in the making."

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our research has shone a bright spotlight on the seemingly whimsical, yet statistically significant, correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ). It appears that the "Maeve-ment" is not just a clever pun, but a genuine force to be reckoned with in the world of finance.

Our study has provided compelling evidence that the rise and fall of the name Maeve mirror the ebbs and flows of NDAQ, almost as if the stock market itself were whispering, "Maeve a little more, Nasdaq" in our ears. It's as if the financial world has taken a liking to this name and is expressing its affection through stock market performance – talk about a match made in data-analytical heaven!

Now, remember that old saying, "What's in a name"? Well, apparently, the answer is "quite a bit when it comes to stock prices!" It seems that the influence of naming trends on financial markets is not to be underestimated, and we can't help but "Maeve-l" at the unexpected nature of this correlation.

As we wrap up this study, we are reminded of one vital truth: when it comes to unraveling the mysteries of the stock market, sometimes the key is not in complex algorithms or economic theories but in the unlikeliest of places – in this case, in the name Maeve itself.

Essentially, we've learned that if you're in the business of predicting stock prices, it might just pay off to keep an eye on the popular names of the day. And if there's one piece of advice we'd like to leave you with, it would be this: when in doubt about investing in NDAQ, just ask yourself, "What would Maeve do?"

In the spirit of academic thoroughness, we assert that no further research is needed in this area. After all, we wouldn't want to over-Maeve-l it, would we?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Pseudoscience and Nonsense Research


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Whimsical Economic Analysis


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled May the NDAQ Be Ever in Your Favor: The Correlation Between the Popularity of the Name Maeve and Nasdaq Stock Prices with an abstract of The relationship between name popularity and financial markets has long been an area of speculation, prompting us to dive into the data in search of illuminating insight. In this paper, we present the findings of our study on the correlation between the popularity of the first name Maeve and Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ), a venture that has been both intellectually stimulating and, dare we say, punbelievable.
Drawing upon data from the US Social Security Administration as well as LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we meticulously tracked the trajectory of the name Maeve over the years, as well as the fluctuation of Nasdaq's stock price from 2003 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9679767 and a p-value less than 0.01 that emerged from our analysis left us feeling statistically starstruck – or perhaps we should say Maeve-struck.
Our results indicate a striking positive correlation between the popularity of the name Maeve and the performance of NDAQ, offering intriguing food for thought on the influence of naming trends on financial markets. In conclusion, our research suggests that there may indeed be merit in contemplating the whims of name popularity when deciphering the ebbs and flows of stock prices. As the saying goes, "May the NDAQ be ever in your favor" – and may the puns be plentiful in academic research.

ChatGPT:

"Maeve name popularity, Nasdaq correlation"
"Maeve name popularity influence on stock prices"
"Nasdaq stock price correlation with popular name Maeve"
"Maeve name trend impact on NDAQ stock performance"
"US Social Security Administration Maeve name data"
"LSEG Analytics Refinitiv NDAQ stock price analysis"
"Correlation coefficient Maeve name popularity NDAQ stock price"
"Influence of naming trends on financial markets"
"Name popularity and stock price correlation research"

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Popularity of the first name Maeve
Detailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Maeve
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Maeve

Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Nasdaq (NDAQ) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ)

Correlation r = 0.9679767 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9369789 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 93.7% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Maeve) over the 20 years from 2003 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 3.0E-12. 0.0000000000029945852388436424
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.97 in 3.0E-10% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 333,936,061,338 random variables You don't actually need 333 billion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 19 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 19 because we have two variables measured over a period of 20 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.92, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
Popularity of the first name Maeve (Babies born)4133783984474804865085464895716256487038208679731303164422532659
Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ) (Stock price)3.3433.511.9210.3816.68.166.6488.348.4713.316.0718.9722.4925.7226.8735.7544.5870.29




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([413,378,398,447,480,486,508,546,489,571,625,648,703,820,867,973,1303,1644,2253,2659,])
array_2 = np.array([3.34,3,3.5,11.92,10.38,16.6,8.16,6.64,8,8.34,8.47,13.3,16.07,18.97,22.49,25.72,26.87,35.75,44.58,70.29,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Maeve"
array_2_name = "Nasdaq's stock price (NDAQ)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 2784 · Black Variable ID: 4102 · Red Variable ID: 1869
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