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Spurious correlation #1,627 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is UFO sightings in Hawaii and the second variable is Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion.  The chart goes from 1979 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

The surge in UFO sightings in Hawaii created a unique gravitational pull, leading to an increase in bun availability and condiment distribution, ultimately boosting the hotdog consumption at Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. "It seems even aliens can't resist a good wiener!"

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Say, "Create a comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s, depicting a scene in Hawaii at night. In the foreground, there's a beach with a crowd gathered to watch the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion gobble hotdogs at a superhuman speed. Above them, a glowing UFO hovers in the starry sky, capturing everyone's attention. Keep the visual simple and don't include any words or speech bubbles." The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s Symbolism An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie 3D Pixar Style Scalar art
ChatGPT: A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In Hawaii, under the starry night sky, a crowd gathers on the beach to watch the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion devouring hotdogs at an incredible speed, while above them, a glowing UFO hovers in the sky, catching everyone's attention.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s ] and depicting this scene: In Hawaii, under the starry night sky, a crowd gathers on the beach to watch the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion devouring hotdogs at an incredible speed, while above them, a glowing UFO hovers in the sky, catching everyone's attention. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Say, "Create a comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s, depicting a scene in Hawaii at night. In the foreground, there's a beach with a crowd gathered to watch the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion gobble hotdogs at a superhuman speed. Above them, a glowing UFO hovers in the starry sky, capturing everyone's attention. Keep the visual simple and don't include any words or speech bubbles."

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how increases in UFO sightings in Hawaii positively influenced Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Add a funny one-liner at the end.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

The Journal of Extraterrestrial Gastronomy Research

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, just make it sound clever.

Your research team used data from National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and p < 0.01 for 1979 to 2021.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we conducted a statistical analysis spanning from 1979 to 2021. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between these seemingly disparate phenomena.

Nathan, the reigning champ, is not just a champion eater – he's also a champion joker. He always cuts the mustard with his hotdog humor. It's important to relish the humor in this research, even if the results may seem hard to swallow.

While causation cannot be inferred from the correlation observed, our findings prompt further investigation into the potential factors underlying this unexpected relationship. Could the consumption of hotdogs be attracting extraterrestrial attention in the skies over Hawaii, or is there a more cosmic explanation for this tantalizing link? These questions remain tantalizing, much like a perfectly grilled hotdog on a summer day.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we conducted a statistical analysis spanning from 1979 to 2021. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between these seemingly disparate phenomena.

Nathan, the reigning champ, is not just a champion eater – he's also a champion joker. He always cuts the mustard with his hotdog humor. It's important to relish the humor in this research, even if the results may seem hard to swallow.

While causation cannot be inferred from the correlation observed, our findings prompt further investigation into the potential factors underlying this unexpected relationship. Could the consumption of hotdogs be attracting extraterrestrial attention in the skies over Hawaii, or is there a more cosmic explanation for this tantalizing link? These questions remain tantalizing, much like a perfectly grilled hotdog on a summer day.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The world of ufology and competitive eating may seem as different as night and day, but our study seeks to illuminate a potential connection that is as surprising as a UFO sighting at a hotdog stand. The thought of UFOs and hotdogs may initially evoke a chuckle, but our research aims to peel back the bun and delve into this intriguing link.

Nathan's reign as the hotdog eating champion is no small feat - in fact, it's quite the 'bun-derful' accomplishment. Sorry, had to sneak a dad joke in there. But behind the laughter lies a serious inquiry into the possible factors that may bind together the consumption of these iconic American treats with sightings of unidentified flying objects in the Hawaiian skies.

The allure of mystery, both in the cosmos and at the dining table, captivates the human imagination. As we embark on this investigation, we are reminded that the universe is full of 'relish-ionships' waiting to be uncovered. Okay, maybe that one was a bit of a stretch. But a little levity will help to 'ketchup' with the weighty subject matter at hand.

In this paper, we present our findings from a thorough examination of UFO sightings in Hawaii and the annual intake of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion from 1979 to 2021. Our analysis uncovers a statistically significant correlation, prompting us to explore the tantalizing possibility of a deeper connection between these seemingly unrelated phenomena.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then you might move on to cartoons and children's shows that you watched for research.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we conducted a statistical analysis spanning from 1979 to 2021. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between these seemingly disparate phenomena.

Nathan, the reigning champ, is not just a champion eater – he's also a champion joker. He always cuts the mustard with his hotdog humor. It's important to relish the humor in this research, even if the results may seem hard to swallow.

While causation cannot be inferred from the correlation observed, our findings prompt further investigation into the potential factors underlying this unexpected relationship. Could the consumption of hotdogs be attracting extraterrestrial attention in the skies over Hawaii, or is there a more cosmic explanation for this tantalizing link? These questions remain tantalizing, much like a perfectly grilled hotdog on a summer day.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of ufology and competitive eating may seem as different as night and day, but our study seeks to illuminate a potential connection that is as surprising as a UFO sighting at a hotdog stand. The thought of UFOs and hotdogs may initially evoke a chuckle, but our research aims to peel back the bun and delve into this intriguing link.
Nathan's reign as the hotdog eating champion is no small feat - in fact, it's quite the 'bun-derful' accomplishment. Sorry, had to sneak a dad joke in there. But behind the laughter lies a serious inquiry into the possible factors that may bind together the consumption of these iconic American treats with sightings of unidentified flying objects in the Hawaiian skies.
The allure of mystery, both in the cosmos and at the dining table, captivates the human imagination. As we embark on this investigation, we are reminded that the universe is full of 'relish-ionships' waiting to be uncovered. Okay, maybe that one was a bit of a stretch. But a little levity will help to 'ketchup' with the weighty subject matter at hand.
In this paper, we present our findings from a thorough examination of UFO sightings in Hawaii and the annual intake of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion from 1979 to 2021. Our analysis uncovers a statistically significant correlation, prompting us to explore the tantalizing possibility of a deeper connection between these seemingly unrelated phenomena.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "Smith and Doe," the authors find little evidence to suggest a connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. However, a different perspective is provided by "Jones et al.," who suggest a need for further investigation into the potential link between these phenomena. These initial studies offer a foundation for our current exploration of the association between UFO sightings and hotdog consumption.

Turning to non-fiction texts related to unconventional phenomena, "The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry" presents case studies of UFO sightings and their potential impact on human behavior. In a similar vein, "How to Win a Hot Dog Eating Contest" offers insights into the competitive eating world and the physical and psychological factors that contribute to success in consuming large quantities of hotdogs. These sources serve as a valuable backdrop for our inquiry into the potential intersection of UFO sightings and hotdog consumption.

Venturing into the realm of fiction, "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" and "The X-Files: Goblins" offer imaginative portrayals of extraterrestrial encounters, providing a creative lens through which to consider the possibility of otherworldly interest in earthly consumables. These narratives invite us to contemplate the potential motives behind any potential extraterrestrial attention directed towards the consumption of hotdogs by competitive eating champions.

In the realm of animated entertainment, cartoons such as "Scooby-Doo" and "Futurama" humorously depict encounters with mysterious phenomena, fostering a light-hearted yet thought-provoking approach to the investigation of unexplained occurrences. These unconventional sources contribute to our multidisciplinary exploration of the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the hotdog consumption habits of competitive eating champions.

In "The Secret Life of Pets," a children's animated film, the character of a dachshund named Buddy playfully indulges in a comical hotdog-related escapade, offering a whimsical perspective on the cultural significance of hotdogs in popular imagination. This lighthearted portrayal serves as a reminder of the broader cultural context surrounding hotdog consumption, highlighting its potential resonance with diverse audiences and perhaps even extraterrestrial beings with a taste for Earthly delicacies.

The integration of diverse literary and media sources in our literature review reflects the multidimensional nature of our inquiry into the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. These varied perspectives enrich our understanding of the broader context surrounding our investigation and inspire a sense of curiosity and humor as we delve into this unexpected relationship.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia . You used data from 1979 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we conducted a statistical analysis spanning from 1979 to 2021. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between these seemingly disparate phenomena.

Nathan, the reigning champ, is not just a champion eater – he's also a champion joker. He always cuts the mustard with his hotdog humor. It's important to relish the humor in this research, even if the results may seem hard to swallow.

While causation cannot be inferred from the correlation observed, our findings prompt further investigation into the potential factors underlying this unexpected relationship. Could the consumption of hotdogs be attracting extraterrestrial attention in the skies over Hawaii, or is there a more cosmic explanation for this tantalizing link? These questions remain tantalizing, much like a perfectly grilled hotdog on a summer day.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of ufology and competitive eating may seem as different as night and day, but our study seeks to illuminate a potential connection that is as surprising as a UFO sighting at a hotdog stand. The thought of UFOs and hotdogs may initially evoke a chuckle, but our research aims to peel back the bun and delve into this intriguing link.
Nathan's reign as the hotdog eating champion is no small feat - in fact, it's quite the 'bun-derful' accomplishment. Sorry, had to sneak a dad joke in there. But behind the laughter lies a serious inquiry into the possible factors that may bind together the consumption of these iconic American treats with sightings of unidentified flying objects in the Hawaiian skies.
The allure of mystery, both in the cosmos and at the dining table, captivates the human imagination. As we embark on this investigation, we are reminded that the universe is full of 'relish-ionships' waiting to be uncovered. Okay, maybe that one was a bit of a stretch. But a little levity will help to 'ketchup' with the weighty subject matter at hand.
In this paper, we present our findings from a thorough examination of UFO sightings in Hawaii and the annual intake of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion from 1979 to 2021. Our analysis uncovers a statistically significant correlation, prompting us to explore the tantalizing possibility of a deeper connection between these seemingly unrelated phenomena.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Data Collection:
The data for this study was predominantly sourced from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, making extensive use of records from 1979 to 2021. The UFO sightings in Hawaii were meticulously reviewed and cross-referenced with reports of hotdog consumption by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition during the same period. This involved countless hours of scouring the internet, navigating through vast amounts of information, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data. It was a task as daunting as finding a UFO in a haystack, but we persisted in our pursuit of knowledge and hotdog-related puns.

Statistical Analysis:
To ascertain the strength and direction of the relationship between UFO sightings in Hawaii and hotdogs consumed by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion, a multitude of statistical analyses were employed. The correlation coefficient was calculated to measure the degree of association, and a regression analysis was conducted to model the potential influence of hotdog consumption on UFO sightings. These analyses were performed with rigorous attention to detail, ensuring that no statistical sausage was left unturned.

Control Variables:
Several control variables were identified to account for potential confounding factors that could obscure the true relationship between UFO sightings and hotdog consumption. These included factors such as weather patterns, tourism trends, and other celestial events, as well as the eating habits of non-champion hotdog eaters. By controlling for these variables, we aimed to isolate the unique influence of hotdog consumption by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion on UFO sightings in Hawaii. It was a meticulous process that required a keen eye for detail and a willingness to entertain outlandish possibilities, much like searching for UFOs in the night sky.

Validity and Reliability:
The validity and reliability of the data were of paramount importance in this study. With such an unconventional research hypothesis, ensuring the accuracy of the information and the robustness of the analyses was crucial. Multiple checks and validations were conducted to confirm the consistency of the findings and to guard against any 'flying saucer' of errors or biases. Our commitment to upholding the integrity of the research was unwavering, despite the occasional temptation to insert more hotdog-related puns into the data validation process.

Ethical Considerations:
Throughout the data collection and analysis process, ethical considerations were upheld to ensure the privacy and confidentiality of both UFO witnesses and hotdog enthusiasts. The research team upheld the highest standards of ethical conduct, acknowledging the need to tread lightly in the unexplored territory where the realms of ufology and competitive eating intersect. It was an exercise in respectful inquiry, as we navigated the delicate balance between scientific inquiry and the potential amusement of extraterrestrial beings observing our findings.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia .

For the time period 1979 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.7354495, r-squared of 0.5408860, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we conducted a statistical analysis spanning from 1979 to 2021. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between these seemingly disparate phenomena.

Nathan, the reigning champ, is not just a champion eater – he's also a champion joker. He always cuts the mustard with his hotdog humor. It's important to relish the humor in this research, even if the results may seem hard to swallow.

While causation cannot be inferred from the correlation observed, our findings prompt further investigation into the potential factors underlying this unexpected relationship. Could the consumption of hotdogs be attracting extraterrestrial attention in the skies over Hawaii, or is there a more cosmic explanation for this tantalizing link? These questions remain tantalizing, much like a perfectly grilled hotdog on a summer day.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The world of ufology and competitive eating may seem as different as night and day, but our study seeks to illuminate a potential connection that is as surprising as a UFO sighting at a hotdog stand. The thought of UFOs and hotdogs may initially evoke a chuckle, but our research aims to peel back the bun and delve into this intriguing link.
Nathan's reign as the hotdog eating champion is no small feat - in fact, it's quite the 'bun-derful' accomplishment. Sorry, had to sneak a dad joke in there. But behind the laughter lies a serious inquiry into the possible factors that may bind together the consumption of these iconic American treats with sightings of unidentified flying objects in the Hawaiian skies.
The allure of mystery, both in the cosmos and at the dining table, captivates the human imagination. As we embark on this investigation, we are reminded that the universe is full of 'relish-ionships' waiting to be uncovered. Okay, maybe that one was a bit of a stretch. But a little levity will help to 'ketchup' with the weighty subject matter at hand.
In this paper, we present our findings from a thorough examination of UFO sightings in Hawaii and the annual intake of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion from 1979 to 2021. Our analysis uncovers a statistically significant correlation, prompting us to explore the tantalizing possibility of a deeper connection between these seemingly unrelated phenomena.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our analysis of the relationship between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition yielded fascinating results. The correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 suggests a strong positive relationship between these two variables. It appears that as the number of UFO sightings in Hawaii increased, so did the consumption of hotdogs by the champion eater.

One might say this correlation is out of this world - pun intended! It seems that while aliens may have been soaring through the skies, Nathan was setting records on the ground by devouring hotdogs. It's as if the UFOs were saying, "Take us to your eater!"

Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.5408860 indicates that 54% of the variability in hotdog consumption can be explained by the variability in UFO sightings. While we can't be sure that aliens were actually craving hotdogs or influencing the eating habits of competitive eaters, the data certainly point to an intriguing connection between these unrelated phenomena.

The statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 provides strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the amount of hotdogs consumed by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion. This result is as significant as finding the missing link between UFOs and hotdogs - a cosmic discovery indeed!

As shown in Fig. 1, the scatterplot visually represents the positive correlation between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the number of hotdogs consumed by the champion eater. The upward trend in the scatterplot is as clear as the relish on a hotdog.

In conclusion, our findings support the existence of a remarkable association between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion. While the reasons behind this connection remain elusive, our research paves the way for further investigation into the cosmic relationship between these intriguing phenomena.

The intergalactic hotdog mystery continues to baffle and amuse, leaving us with more questions than answers. Perhaps the truth is out there, waiting to be unearthed – or perhaps it's just relishing in the humor of this unusual connection.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we conducted a statistical analysis spanning from 1979 to 2021. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between these seemingly disparate phenomena.

Nathan, the reigning champ, is not just a champion eater – he's also a champion joker. He always cuts the mustard with his hotdog humor. It's important to relish the humor in this research, even if the results may seem hard to swallow.

While causation cannot be inferred from the correlation observed, our findings prompt further investigation into the potential factors underlying this unexpected relationship. Could the consumption of hotdogs be attracting extraterrestrial attention in the skies over Hawaii, or is there a more cosmic explanation for this tantalizing link? These questions remain tantalizing, much like a perfectly grilled hotdog on a summer day.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "Smith and Doe," the authors find little evidence to suggest a connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. However, a different perspective is provided by "Jones et al.," who suggest a need for further investigation into the potential link between these phenomena. These initial studies offer a foundation for our current exploration of the association between UFO sightings and hotdog consumption.
Turning to non-fiction texts related to unconventional phenomena, "The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry" presents case studies of UFO sightings and their potential impact on human behavior. In a similar vein, "How to Win a Hot Dog Eating Contest" offers insights into the competitive eating world and the physical and psychological factors that contribute to success in consuming large quantities of hotdogs. These sources serve as a valuable backdrop for our inquiry into the potential intersection of UFO sightings and hotdog consumption.
Venturing into the realm of fiction, "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" and "The X-Files: Goblins" offer imaginative portrayals of extraterrestrial encounters, providing a creative lens through which to consider the possibility of otherworldly interest in earthly consumables. These narratives invite us to contemplate the potential motives behind any potential extraterrestrial attention directed towards the consumption of hotdogs by competitive eating champions.
In the realm of animated entertainment, cartoons such as "Scooby-Doo" and "Futurama" humorously depict encounters with mysterious phenomena, fostering a light-hearted yet thought-provoking approach to the investigation of unexplained occurrences. These unconventional sources contribute to our multidisciplinary exploration of the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the hotdog consumption habits of competitive eating champions.
In "The Secret Life of Pets," a children's animated film, the character of a dachshund named Buddy playfully indulges in a comical hotdog-related escapade, offering a whimsical perspective on the cultural significance of hotdogs in popular imagination. This lighthearted portrayal serves as a reminder of the broader cultural context surrounding hotdog consumption, highlighting its potential resonance with diverse audiences and perhaps even extraterrestrial beings with a taste for Earthly delicacies.
The integration of diverse literary and media sources in our literature review reflects the multidimensional nature of our inquiry into the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. These varied perspectives enrich our understanding of the broader context surrounding our investigation and inspire a sense of curiosity and humor as we delve into this unexpected relationship.

[[RESULTS]]
Our analysis of the relationship between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition yielded fascinating results. The correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 suggests a strong positive relationship between these two variables. It appears that as the number of UFO sightings in Hawaii increased, so did the consumption of hotdogs by the champion eater.
One might say this correlation is out of this world - pun intended! It seems that while aliens may have been soaring through the skies, Nathan was setting records on the ground by devouring hotdogs. It's as if the UFOs were saying, "Take us to your eater!"
Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.5408860 indicates that 54% of the variability in hotdog consumption can be explained by the variability in UFO sightings. While we can't be sure that aliens were actually craving hotdogs or influencing the eating habits of competitive eaters, the data certainly point to an intriguing connection between these unrelated phenomena.
The statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 provides strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the amount of hotdogs consumed by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion. This result is as significant as finding the missing link between UFOs and hotdogs - a cosmic discovery indeed!
As shown in Fig. 1, the scatterplot visually represents the positive correlation between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the number of hotdogs consumed by the champion eater. The upward trend in the scatterplot is as clear as the relish on a hotdog.
In conclusion, our findings support the existence of a remarkable association between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion. While the reasons behind this connection remain elusive, our research paves the way for further investigation into the cosmic relationship between these intriguing phenomena.
The intergalactic hotdog mystery continues to baffle and amuse, leaving us with more questions than answers. Perhaps the truth is out there, waiting to be unearthed – or perhaps it's just relishing in the humor of this unusual connection.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of our study lend support to the previously unexplored connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. While initial skepticism may have led us to think the research question was as far-fetched as a UFO sighting, the data have spoken, lending credence to the notion that there may indeed be an unearthly link between these seemingly unrelated phenomena.

Taking a more serious tone, the correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 provides compelling evidence for the positive relationship between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the amount of hotdogs consumed by the champion eater. This correlation is as striking as a UFO sighting itself, demonstrating a clear association that may be more than just a cosmic coincidence.

Digging deeper into the statistical findings, the r-squared value of 0.5408860 highlights the substantial proportion of variability in hotdog consumption that is explained by the variability in UFO sightings. This suggests that a significant portion of Nathan's hotdog intake could indeed be influenced by the extraterrestrial activity in the Hawaiian skies – a revelation that is both surprising and relish-worthy.

The statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 further underscores the strength of the relationship between these variables. This finding is so significant that it's as if we've finally caught a glimpse of the elusive UFO that had been hovering just beyond our theoretical horizons.

Our results not only validate the need for further research into this unorthodox topic but also serve as a testament to the idea that truth can be stranger than fiction – or perhaps, in this case, more extraterrestrial than expected.

In conclusion, the correlation between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion stands as a cosmic enigma, challenging our understanding of the universe and the role of hotdogs within it. This research opens the door to a realm of possibilities, where unexpected connections may be waiting to be explored. As we continue to unravel the cosmic hotdog mystery, it is clear that a healthy dose of humor and curiosity will serve as our guiding stars in this peculiar scientific journey.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we conducted a statistical analysis spanning from 1979 to 2021. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between these seemingly disparate phenomena.

Nathan, the reigning champ, is not just a champion eater – he's also a champion joker. He always cuts the mustard with his hotdog humor. It's important to relish the humor in this research, even if the results may seem hard to swallow.

While causation cannot be inferred from the correlation observed, our findings prompt further investigation into the potential factors underlying this unexpected relationship. Could the consumption of hotdogs be attracting extraterrestrial attention in the skies over Hawaii, or is there a more cosmic explanation for this tantalizing link? These questions remain tantalizing, much like a perfectly grilled hotdog on a summer day.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The world of ufology and competitive eating may seem as different as night and day, but our study seeks to illuminate a potential connection that is as surprising as a UFO sighting at a hotdog stand. The thought of UFOs and hotdogs may initially evoke a chuckle, but our research aims to peel back the bun and delve into this intriguing link.
Nathan's reign as the hotdog eating champion is no small feat - in fact, it's quite the 'bun-derful' accomplishment. Sorry, had to sneak a dad joke in there. But behind the laughter lies a serious inquiry into the possible factors that may bind together the consumption of these iconic American treats with sightings of unidentified flying objects in the Hawaiian skies.
The allure of mystery, both in the cosmos and at the dining table, captivates the human imagination. As we embark on this investigation, we are reminded that the universe is full of 'relish-ionships' waiting to be uncovered. Okay, maybe that one was a bit of a stretch. But a little levity will help to 'ketchup' with the weighty subject matter at hand.
In this paper, we present our findings from a thorough examination of UFO sightings in Hawaii and the annual intake of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion from 1979 to 2021. Our analysis uncovers a statistically significant correlation, prompting us to explore the tantalizing possibility of a deeper connection between these seemingly unrelated phenomena.

[[RESULTS]]
Our analysis of the relationship between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition yielded fascinating results. The correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 suggests a strong positive relationship between these two variables. It appears that as the number of UFO sightings in Hawaii increased, so did the consumption of hotdogs by the champion eater.
One might say this correlation is out of this world - pun intended! It seems that while aliens may have been soaring through the skies, Nathan was setting records on the ground by devouring hotdogs. It's as if the UFOs were saying, "Take us to your eater!"
Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.5408860 indicates that 54% of the variability in hotdog consumption can be explained by the variability in UFO sightings. While we can't be sure that aliens were actually craving hotdogs or influencing the eating habits of competitive eaters, the data certainly point to an intriguing connection between these unrelated phenomena.
The statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 provides strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the amount of hotdogs consumed by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion. This result is as significant as finding the missing link between UFOs and hotdogs - a cosmic discovery indeed!
As shown in Fig. 1, the scatterplot visually represents the positive correlation between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the number of hotdogs consumed by the champion eater. The upward trend in the scatterplot is as clear as the relish on a hotdog.
In conclusion, our findings support the existence of a remarkable association between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion. While the reasons behind this connection remain elusive, our research paves the way for further investigation into the cosmic relationship between these intriguing phenomena.
The intergalactic hotdog mystery continues to baffle and amuse, leaving us with more questions than answers. Perhaps the truth is out there, waiting to be unearthed – or perhaps it's just relishing in the humor of this unusual connection.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In the grand tradition of academic research papers, we conclude our investigation with a bun-believably intriguing finding – the statistically significant link between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition champion. It appears that while the UFOs were soaring through the Hawaiian skies, Nathan was on the ground, setting records in hotdog consumption. It's as if the aliens were saying, "Take us to your eater!"

Our research has opened a can of "bun-nies" that will surely keep enthusiasts of both ufology and competitive eating guessing. The allure of uncovering the cosmic connection between these seemingly disparate phenomena leaves us with a tantalizing taste for more.

But before we spiral into a black hole of speculation, it is important to recognize that this study has its limitations and cannot establish a causal relationship. There is still much to "ketchup" on in terms of understanding the mechanisms behind this unexpected correlation.

Therefore, in the spirit of academic inquiry and just a dash of humor, we assert that further research in this area may be as unnecessary as a hotdog topping buffet. The saucy findings of this study serve as a deliciously amusing reminder that sometimes, in the world of research, it's good to take a moment to appreciate the absurd and unexpected - just like a UFO sighting at a hotdog stand.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Extraterrestrial Gastronomy Research


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Association for Extraterrestrial Gastronomy Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Unidentified Feasting Object: A Link Between UFO Sightings in Hawaii and Hotdogs Eaten by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion with an abstract of This study investigates the potential connection between UFO sightings in Hawaii and the consumption of hotdogs by the reigning champion of the Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Utilizing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Wikipedia, we conducted a statistical analysis spanning from 1979 to 2021. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7354495 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between these seemingly disparate phenomena.
Nathan, the reigning champ, is not just a champion eater – he's also a champion joker. He always cuts the mustard with his hotdog humor. It's important to relish the humor in this research, even if the results may seem hard to swallow.
While causation cannot be inferred from the correlation observed, our findings prompt further investigation into the potential factors underlying this unexpected relationship. Could the consumption of hotdogs be attracting extraterrestrial attention in the skies over Hawaii, or is there a more cosmic explanation for this tantalizing link? These questions remain tantalizing, much like a perfectly grilled hotdog on a summer day.

ChatGPT:

UFO sightings, Hawaii, hotdogs, Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition, statistical analysis, correlation coefficient, National UFO Reporting Center, Wikipedia, champion eater, humor, extraterrestrial attention, cosmic explanation.

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

UFO sightings in Hawaii
Detailed data title: UFO sightings reported in Hawaii
Source: National UFO Reporting Center
See what else correlates with UFO sightings in Hawaii

Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
Detailed data title: Hotdog Consumption by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion

Correlation r = 0.7354495 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.5408860 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 54.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., UFO sightings in Hawaii) over the 43 years from 1979 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.9E-8. 0.0000000193871458322089300000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.74 in 1.9E-6% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 51,580,568 random variables You don't actually need 51 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 42 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 42 because we have two variables measured over a period of 43 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.56, 0.85 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
1979198019811982198319841985198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021
UFO sightings in Hawaii (UFO sightings)1200213101211264205691312151218181019161630213551662526141248468
Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion (Hotdogs eaten)99.5111110.59.511.7515.513.51015.51621.519172019.522.2524.51920.25255050.544.553.334953.75665968546268696162707274717576




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([1,2,0,0,2,1,3,1,0,1,2,1,1,2,6,4,2,0,5,6,9,13,12,15,12,18,18,10,19,16,16,30,21,35,51,66,25,26,14,12,48,46,8,])
array_2 = np.array([9,9.5,11,11,10.5,9.5,11.75,15.5,13.5,10,15.5,16,21.5,19,17,20,19.5,22.25,24.5,19,20.25,25,50,50.5,44.5,53.33,49,53.75,66,59,68,54,62,68,69,61,62,70,72,74,71,75,76,])
array_1_name = "UFO sightings in Hawaii"
array_2_name = "Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 1627 · Black Variable ID: 1190 · Red Variable ID: 500
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