AI explanation

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [ Cutsy art illustration ] Generate an image of a whimsical scene in Washington, showcasing the Democratic presidential primary voting process. The ballots emit a savory aura reminiscent of hotdogs, influencing the nearby Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Depict a wave of invisible hotdog-scented air emanating from the ballots, drifting towards the eating competition. The reigning champion, unable to resist the politically charged craving, indulges in a surprising sausage feast. Show the unexpected link between political support and competitive eating, solidifying a win for the champion. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

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This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Votes for the Democrat Presidential candidate in Washington and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Art nouveau Cutsy art illustration Brutalism Scalar art Cubism
ChatGPT: Cutsy art illustration

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Votes for the Democrat Presidential candidate in Washington and Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion, in the following situation: Every democratic vote cast created a tiny, invisible wave of hotdog-scented air that wafted its way to the nearest competitive eater, triggering an uncontrollable craving for the perfect, politically charged snack. As the votes stacked up, so did the hotdog intake, leading to a wiener of a win for the reigning champion, who couldn't resist the democratic temptation to indulge in a sausage fest of victory. It's a case of political polse-itivity that no one saw coming, but it just goes to show that in the world of competitive eating, even the most unexpected factors can have a bun-believable impact.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In Washington, as the votes for the Democratic presidential candidate continue to stack up, a wave of invisible hotdog-scented air emanates from each ballot, forming a savory aura that drifts to the nearby Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. The reigning champion, unable to resist the politically charged craving, indulges in a surprising sausage feast, solidifying a win influenced by the unexpected link between political support and competitive eating.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Cutsy art illustration ] and depicting this scene: In Washington, as the votes for the Democratic presidential candidate continue to stack up, a wave of invisible hotdog-scented air emanates from each ballot, forming a savory aura that drifts to the nearby Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. The reigning champion, unable to resist the politically charged craving, indulges in a surprising sausage feast, solidifying a win influenced by the unexpected link between political support and competitive eating. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [ Cutsy art illustration ] Generate an image of a whimsical scene in Washington, showcasing the Democratic presidential primary voting process. The ballots emit a savory aura reminiscent of hotdogs, influencing the nearby Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition. Depict a wave of invisible hotdog-scented air emanating from the ballots, drifting towards the eating competition. The reigning champion, unable to resist the politically charged craving, indulges in a surprising sausage feast. Show the unexpected link between political support and competitive eating, solidifying a win for the champion.

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*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

AI academic paper

The Ballot and the Bun: An Examination of the Correlation between Democratic Votes in Washington State and Hotdog Consumption by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion The Journal of Gastronomic Politics Jan 2024

Problem variable:	Which variable has a problem? Votes for the Democrat Presidential candidate in Washington Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion Neither / both
Issue:	What is the issue? The data is incorrect The chart isn't displaying properly There is a typo The source link is incorrect A calculation is wrong Something else
Additional details: Optional
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Data details

Why this works

1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
   no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
   p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([650193,798352,933516,993037,1123320,1247650,1510200,1750850,1755400,1742720,2369610,])
array_2 = np.array([9.5,9.5,10,19,22.25,25,53.33,59,68,70,75,])
array_1_name = "Votes for the Democrat Presidential candidate in Washington"
array_2_name = "Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

• High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
  
  If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
  
  Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
  
• High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
• Alternative high resolution line chart
• Scatterplot
• Portable line chart (png)
• Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
• Line chart for only Votes for the Democrat Presidential candidate in Washington
• Line chart for only Hotdogs consumed by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion
• AI-generated correlation image
• The spurious research paper: The Ballot and the Bun: An Examination of the Correlation between Democratic Votes in Washington State and Hotdog Consumption by Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Competition Champion