Spurious correlation #4,787 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Nautica and the second variable is Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. The chart goes from 1992 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Nautica and the second variable is Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. The chart goes from 1992 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

More people were buying boat-themed air fresheners for their cars, leading to an unexpected surge in artificial ocean scents wafting through the city.

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Create an image of a bustling street in Columbus, Georgia, filled with cars featuring boat-themed air fresheners hanging from their rearview mirrors. The scene portrays a surge in popularity for the name Nautica, with the air filled with an ocean scent that masks the city's underlying air pollution. The cars should be colorful and varied, while the atmosphere carries a sense of both freshness and urban energy. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Nautica and Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Oragami A Discovery magazine cover image Macabre Vaporwave Cybernetic art
ChatGPT: A Discovery magazine cover image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Nautica and Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia, in the following situation: More people were buying boat-themed air fresheners for their cars, leading to an unexpected surge in artificial ocean scents wafting through the city.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In Columbus, Georgia, the streets were filled with cars adorned with boat-themed air fresheners, as the popularity of the first name Nautica surged. The air was thick with a refreshing ocean scent, masking the underlying air pollution that lingered over the city.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A Discovery magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: In Columbus, Georgia, the streets were filled with cars adorned with boat-themed air fresheners, as the popularity of the first name Nautica surged. The air was thick with a refreshing ocean scent, masking the underlying air pollution that lingered over the city. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Create an image of a bustling street in Columbus, Georgia, filled with cars featuring boat-themed air fresheners hanging from their rearview mirrors. The scene portrays a surge in popularity for the name Nautica, with the air filled with an ocean scent that masks the city's underlying air pollution. The cars should be colorful and varied, while the atmosphere carries a sense of both freshness and urban energy.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how increases in Popularity of the first name Nautica positively influenced Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia

The Maritime Metropolis Journal

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Nautica and Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then you might move on to cartoons and children's shows that you watched for research.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential relationship between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. By utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency, we set out to address a subject often overlooked in academic discourse. Our analysis reveals a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8425364 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1992 to 2022. The findings not only raise eyebrows but also bring to light the unexpected interplay between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators. This research sheds light on the curious and often quirky intersections in our world, reaffirming that even the most peculiar of trends may hold unforeseen significance.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The impact of personal names on various aspects of life has long been a subject of fascination and amusement. From studies investigating the impact of names on career success to the influence of names on romantic attraction, the connection between nomenclature and real-world outcomes has captivated both researchers and the general public. In this study, we turn our attention to the captivating correlation between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in the charming city of Columbus, Georgia.
While the relationship between a person's moniker and the quality of the air they breathe may initially seem tenuous, our investigation has uncovered surprising findings that challenge conventional wisdom. This unconventional exploration aims to provide a fresh perspective on the often overlooked influence of personal names on environmental phenomena. As we delve into this uncharted territory, we invite readers to accompany us on a journey that promises to be both enlightening and, dare I say, a bit whimsical.
The choice of Columbus, Georgia as our focal point stems from a confluence of factors. Not only is Columbus a vibrant and growing city, but it also serves as a microcosm of the intricate interactions between human activity and environmental conditions. Moreover, the choice of 'Nautica' as our subject of inquiry adds a layer of intrigue to our investigation. With its maritime connotations and evocation of oceanic splendor, the name 'Nautica' conjures images of adventure and exploration, setting the stage for a study that seeks to navigate through uncharted waters of research.
Amidst the sea of serious academic inquiries, this study sets sail with a playful spirit, reminding us that even in the realm of scholarly pursuits, there is room for lighthearted curiosity and unexpected discoveries. As we steer our scholarly vessel through the waves of data and statistical analyses, we can't help but marvel at the sometimes whimsical connections that emerge from our relentless pursuit of knowledge. So buckle up, or rather, hoist the sails, as we chart an unorthodox course through the often staid waters of academic investigation.
In the upcoming sections, we will embark on a rigorous examination of the data, navigating through the choppy seas of correlation and regression analyses to unravel the enigmatic relationship between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels. Our findings promise not only to elucidate this peculiar association but also to inject a dose of mirth into the sometimes dour landscape of academic research. So, without further ado, let us set our compass towards the exploration of nautical nomenclature and its unanticipated link to atmospheric conditions.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The investigation of the relationship between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators has been a topic of growing interest in academic circles. Smith, in "Monikers and the Natural World," explores the potential influence of individuals' names on their attitudes and behaviors towards environmental conservation, shedding light on the intricate connections between nomenclature and ecological consciousness. Doe, in "The Name Game: A Cross-Disciplinary Analysis," delves into the societal implications of popular names and their unforeseen effects on various facets of life, including but not limited to environmental phenomena.

However, the intersection of personal nomenclature and air pollution has remained largely uncharted territory, until now. Our curious inquiry takes inspiration from real-world data and seeks to connect the dots between the popularity of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in the charming city of Columbus, Georgia. While this unorthodox exploration may raise eyebrows in traditional academic circles, it opens a portal to a world of unexpected correlations and, dare I say, whimsical revelations.

In exploring the interconnectedness of personal names and environmental dynamics, it is imperative to consider a multidisciplinary array of literature. Real-world non-fiction works such as "The Air We Breathe: Pollution and Its Impacts" and "Urban Development and Environmental Quality" provide a solid foundation for understanding the complex interplay of human activity and atmospheric conditions. These scholarly works ground our investigation in the broader context of environmental research, anchoring our whimsical exploration in the realm of scientific rigor.

Moving beyond the confines of non-fiction, our inquiry draws inspiration from literary works that, albeit fictional, offer insights into the human-environment relationship. Classics such as "Windswept Waters: A Tale of Nautical Adventures" and "Polluted Horizons: A Dystopian Odyssey," while seemingly unrelated to our subject matter, ignite our imaginations and remind us of the boundless realms of possibility in our quest for knowledge. These literary forays, though not traditionally considered academic sources, infuse our investigation with a spirit of adventure and curiosity, underscoring the heterogeneous nature of academic inquiry.

In our quest to unravel the enigmatic relationship between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels, we cast a wide net for insights, traversing unexpected waters of children's entertainment. Yes, you heard that right. Cartoons and children's shows, often dismissed as frivolous, offer subtle layers of wisdom that underscore the inextricable link between human behavior and environmental consequences. Through animated allegories like "Captain Planet and the Planeteers" and "The Magic School Bus Explores the Atmosphere," we glean unexpected pearls of insight, demonstrating that scholarly discoveries can be found in the unlikeliest of places.

As we navigate the waters of literature and popular culture, our pursuit of knowledge remains buoyed by an irrepressible sense of wonder and a readiness to embrace the unexpected. In the midst of stodgy academic conventions, we stand at the cusp of a research voyage that promises to illuminate the hitherto unseen threads weaving personal nomenclature and atmospheric conditions in a tapestry of scholarly whimsy.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Nautica and Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and Environmental Protection Agency . You used data from 1992 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential relationship between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. By utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency, we set out to address a subject often overlooked in academic discourse. Our analysis reveals a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8425364 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1992 to 2022. The findings not only raise eyebrows but also bring to light the unexpected interplay between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators. This research sheds light on the curious and often quirky intersections in our world, reaffirming that even the most peculiar of trends may hold unforeseen significance.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The impact of personal names on various aspects of life has long been a subject of fascination and amusement. From studies investigating the impact of names on career success to the influence of names on romantic attraction, the connection between nomenclature and real-world outcomes has captivated both researchers and the general public. In this study, we turn our attention to the captivating correlation between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in the charming city of Columbus, Georgia.
While the relationship between a person's moniker and the quality of the air they breathe may initially seem tenuous, our investigation has uncovered surprising findings that challenge conventional wisdom. This unconventional exploration aims to provide a fresh perspective on the often overlooked influence of personal names on environmental phenomena. As we delve into this uncharted territory, we invite readers to accompany us on a journey that promises to be both enlightening and, dare I say, a bit whimsical.
The choice of Columbus, Georgia as our focal point stems from a confluence of factors. Not only is Columbus a vibrant and growing city, but it also serves as a microcosm of the intricate interactions between human activity and environmental conditions. Moreover, the choice of 'Nautica' as our subject of inquiry adds a layer of intrigue to our investigation. With its maritime connotations and evocation of oceanic splendor, the name 'Nautica' conjures images of adventure and exploration, setting the stage for a study that seeks to navigate through uncharted waters of research.
Amidst the sea of serious academic inquiries, this study sets sail with a playful spirit, reminding us that even in the realm of scholarly pursuits, there is room for lighthearted curiosity and unexpected discoveries. As we steer our scholarly vessel through the waves of data and statistical analyses, we can't help but marvel at the sometimes whimsical connections that emerge from our relentless pursuit of knowledge. So buckle up, or rather, hoist the sails, as we chart an unorthodox course through the often staid waters of academic investigation.
In the upcoming sections, we will embark on a rigorous examination of the data, navigating through the choppy seas of correlation and regression analyses to unravel the enigmatic relationship between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels. Our findings promise not only to elucidate this peculiar association but also to inject a dose of mirth into the sometimes dour landscape of academic research. So, without further ado, let us set our compass towards the exploration of nautical nomenclature and its unanticipated link to atmospheric conditions.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

**[[METHODOLOGY]]**

**Data Collection and Selection**

Our research team embarked on a nautical adventure through the vast seas of data, utilizing resources from the US Social Security Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency. The US Social Security Administration provided a treasure trove of information on the popularity of the name 'Nautica' over the years, allowing us to navigate the shifting tides of nomenclature. Meanwhile, the Environmental Protection Agency's comprehensive air quality data cast a beacon of light on the atmospheric conditions in the charming city of Columbus, Georgia.

We cast our net wide, encompassing data from the period spanning 1992 to 2022, in order to capture the ebb and flow of naming trends and environmental indicators. Our approach ensured that we steered clear of short-term fluctuations and captured the enduring patterns that emerge from the ocean of data.

**Statistical Analysis**

With our data securely docked in the harbor of our research repository, we unleashed the power of statistical analysis to navigate through the tumultuous waves of correlation and regression. We employed advanced statistical tools to unravel the intricate dance between the prevalence of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in Columbus, Georgia.

The correlation analysis took us on a voyage through the turbulent waters of numerical examination, providing insights into the strength and direction of the relationship between nautical nomenclature and atmospheric conditions. Meanwhile, the regression analysis acted as our compass, guiding us through the intricate pathways of predictive modeling and shedding light on the nuanced interplay between the popularity of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution.

**Control Variables and Limitations**

In charting our course through this uncharted territory, we remained mindful of potential confounding factors that could disturb the serenity of our findings. We meticulously controlled for variables such as population density, industrial activity, and meteorological conditions, ensuring that our exploration of the 'Nautica' phenomenon remained anchored in the realm of rigorous scientific inquiry.

While our methodology voyaged through the depths of data analysis, we must acknowledge the limitations that come with such an expedition. As with any research of this nature, we recognize the potential influence of unobserved variables and the inherent complexities of human behavior and naming choices. Our findings, while robust, should be interpreted within the context of these inherent limitations.

**Ethical Considerations**

In navigating the uncharted waters of academic investigation, we remained steadfast in upholding the ethical principles that underpin our scholarly pursuits. We ensured the confidentiality and anonymity of individuals represented in our data, safeguarding their privacy as we delved into the captivating nexus of nautical nomenclature and environmental indicators.

As we conclude this delineation of our methodological approach, we invite readers to join us in this expedition of discovery, where rigorous analysis converges with a spirit of playful curiosity. The journey ahead promises to unveil not only the enigmatic relationship between names and environmental indicators but also the joy of unearthing unexpected connections in the tapestry of human existence. Bon voyage!

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Nautica and Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential relationship between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. By utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency, we set out to address a subject often overlooked in academic discourse. Our analysis reveals a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8425364 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1992 to 2022. The findings not only raise eyebrows but also bring to light the unexpected interplay between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators. This research sheds light on the curious and often quirky intersections in our world, reaffirming that even the most peculiar of trends may hold unforeseen significance.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The investigation of the relationship between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators has been a topic of growing interest in academic circles. Smith, in "Monikers and the Natural World," explores the potential influence of individuals' names on their attitudes and behaviors towards environmental conservation, shedding light on the intricate connections between nomenclature and ecological consciousness. Doe, in "The Name Game: A Cross-Disciplinary Analysis," delves into the societal implications of popular names and their unforeseen effects on various facets of life, including but not limited to environmental phenomena.
However, the intersection of personal nomenclature and air pollution has remained largely uncharted territory, until now. Our curious inquiry takes inspiration from real-world data and seeks to connect the dots between the popularity of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in the charming city of Columbus, Georgia. While this unorthodox exploration may raise eyebrows in traditional academic circles, it opens a portal to a world of unexpected correlations and, dare I say, whimsical revelations.
In exploring the interconnectedness of personal names and environmental dynamics, it is imperative to consider a multidisciplinary array of literature. Real-world non-fiction works such as "The Air We Breathe: Pollution and Its Impacts" and "Urban Development and Environmental Quality" provide a solid foundation for understanding the complex interplay of human activity and atmospheric conditions. These scholarly works ground our investigation in the broader context of environmental research, anchoring our whimsical exploration in the realm of scientific rigor.
Moving beyond the confines of non-fiction, our inquiry draws inspiration from literary works that, albeit fictional, offer insights into the human-environment relationship. Classics such as "Windswept Waters: A Tale of Nautical Adventures" and "Polluted Horizons: A Dystopian Odyssey," while seemingly unrelated to our subject matter, ignite our imaginations and remind us of the boundless realms of possibility in our quest for knowledge. These literary forays, though not traditionally considered academic sources, infuse our investigation with a spirit of adventure and curiosity, underscoring the heterogeneous nature of academic inquiry.
In our quest to unravel the enigmatic relationship between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels, we cast a wide net for insights, traversing unexpected waters of children's entertainment. Yes, you heard that right. Cartoons and children's shows, often dismissed as frivolous, offer subtle layers of wisdom that underscore the inextricable link between human behavior and environmental consequences. Through animated allegories like "Captain Planet and the Planeteers" and "The Magic School Bus Explores the Atmosphere," we glean unexpected pearls of insight, demonstrating that scholarly discoveries can be found in the unlikeliest of places.
As we navigate the waters of literature and popular culture, our pursuit of knowledge remains buoyed by an irrepressible sense of wonder and a readiness to embrace the unexpected. In the midst of stodgy academic conventions, we stand at the cusp of a research voyage that promises to illuminate the hitherto unseen threads weaving personal nomenclature and atmospheric conditions in a tapestry of scholarly whimsy.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8425364 between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. This correlation coefficient indicates a strong positive relationship between the popularity of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in the area. The r-squared value of 0.7098676 further reinforces the robustness of this association, explaining approximately 71% of the variability in air pollution levels based on the prevalence of the name 'Nautica.' With a significance level of p < 0.01, the correlation was found to be statistically significant, providing compelling evidence for the link between nautical nomenclature and atmospheric conditions.
(Fig. 1) illustrates the strong positive correlation between the prevalence of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in Columbus, Georgia. The scatterplot depicts a clear upward trend, with higher levels of air pollution corresponding to greater popularity of the name 'Nautica' in the region. The visual depiction underscores the compelling nature of the relationship uncovered through our rigorous statistical analysis.
The findings of this exploration not only reinforce the unexpected nature of correlations in the realm of academic research but also underscore the significance of seemingly whimsical phenomena in influencing real-world outcomes. This unanticipated connection between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators provides a fascinating lens through which to view the intricate interplay of factors shaping our world. As we navigate through the waves of data, our study serves as a compelling reminder that even in the realm of scholarly pursuits, the exploration of quirky and unconventional associations can yield remarkable insights.
The convergence of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in Columbus, Georgia sets the stage for a captivating exploration of the unexpected intersections between personal names and environmental factors. The robustness of the correlation observed underscores the potential impact of individual nomenclature on broader environmental phenomena, inviting further inquiry into the mechanisms underlying this intriguing relationship.
The next section will delve into the implications of these findings, shedding light on the broader significance of this unusual correlation. This unexpected synergy between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels not only challenges conventional notions but also offers a whimsical twist in the realm of academic investigation.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of our investigation present a compelling case for the connection between the popularity of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in Columbus, Georgia. The robust correlation coefficient and statistical significance underscore the whimsical yet profound influence of personal nomenclature on environmental dynamics. In light of our findings, we now embark on a scholarly expedition to unpack the implications of this unexpected correlation and delve into the potential mechanisms underlying this intriguing relationship.

Our study, albeit whimsical in nature, aligns with prior research that has delved into the influence of personal names on individuals' attitudes and behaviors. As Smith and Doe have deftly illustrated, the seemingly trivial realm of nomenclature holds sway over various aspects of human existence, transcending conventional academic boundaries. Our results echo the findings of these seminal works, illuminating the potent influence of personal names on broader societal and environmental phenomena. It is evident that the curious world of nautical nomenclature is not merely a figment of whimsy but rather an underexplored frontier rich with unanticipated implications.

The findings of our investigation offer valuable contributions to the growing body of literature that underscores the multidimensional interplay between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators. Despite the initial skepticism that may surround the seemingly capricious nature of our inquiry, the robustness of our statistical analysis and the compelling visual representation in (Fig. 1) reinforce the significance of the correlation between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels. The unorthodox nature of our study serves as a testament to the unexpected avenues through which scholarly insight can be gleaned, challenging traditional paradigms and beckoning researchers to venture beyond the confines of conventional wisdom.

As we navigate the waves of data and scholarly inquiry, the intersection of personal names and environmental dynamics unearths a trove of implications and avenues for further exploration. The captivating correlation between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels offers a delightful twist in the realm of academic investigation, emphasizing the serendipitous nature of scholarly pursuits. Our foray into this atypical correlation not only piques intellectual curiosity but also underscores the intricate tapestry of factors shaping our world, reminding us that even the quirkiest of trends may hold unforeseen significance.

Our study sets sail amidst the uncharted waters of nautical nomenclature, raising new questions and inviting scholars to chart courses into the realms of personal names and their far-reaching implications. As we embark on further research endeavors, the unexpected synergy between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels serves as a poignant reminder that scholarly inquiry, much like life itself, is rife with whimsical revelations waiting to be discovered.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Nautica and Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study investigates the potential relationship between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. By utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency, we set out to address a subject often overlooked in academic discourse. Our analysis reveals a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8425364 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1992 to 2022. The findings not only raise eyebrows but also bring to light the unexpected interplay between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators. This research sheds light on the curious and often quirky intersections in our world, reaffirming that even the most peculiar of trends may hold unforeseen significance.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The impact of personal names on various aspects of life has long been a subject of fascination and amusement. From studies investigating the impact of names on career success to the influence of names on romantic attraction, the connection between nomenclature and real-world outcomes has captivated both researchers and the general public. In this study, we turn our attention to the captivating correlation between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in the charming city of Columbus, Georgia.
While the relationship between a person's moniker and the quality of the air they breathe may initially seem tenuous, our investigation has uncovered surprising findings that challenge conventional wisdom. This unconventional exploration aims to provide a fresh perspective on the often overlooked influence of personal names on environmental phenomena. As we delve into this uncharted territory, we invite readers to accompany us on a journey that promises to be both enlightening and, dare I say, a bit whimsical.
The choice of Columbus, Georgia as our focal point stems from a confluence of factors. Not only is Columbus a vibrant and growing city, but it also serves as a microcosm of the intricate interactions between human activity and environmental conditions. Moreover, the choice of 'Nautica' as our subject of inquiry adds a layer of intrigue to our investigation. With its maritime connotations and evocation of oceanic splendor, the name 'Nautica' conjures images of adventure and exploration, setting the stage for a study that seeks to navigate through uncharted waters of research.
Amidst the sea of serious academic inquiries, this study sets sail with a playful spirit, reminding us that even in the realm of scholarly pursuits, there is room for lighthearted curiosity and unexpected discoveries. As we steer our scholarly vessel through the waves of data and statistical analyses, we can't help but marvel at the sometimes whimsical connections that emerge from our relentless pursuit of knowledge. So buckle up, or rather, hoist the sails, as we chart an unorthodox course through the often staid waters of academic investigation.
In the upcoming sections, we will embark on a rigorous examination of the data, navigating through the choppy seas of correlation and regression analyses to unravel the enigmatic relationship between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels. Our findings promise not only to elucidate this peculiar association but also to inject a dose of mirth into the sometimes dour landscape of academic research. So, without further ado, let us set our compass towards the exploration of nautical nomenclature and its unanticipated link to atmospheric conditions.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8425364 between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. This correlation coefficient indicates a strong positive relationship between the popularity of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in the area. The r-squared value of 0.7098676 further reinforces the robustness of this association, explaining approximately 71% of the variability in air pollution levels based on the prevalence of the name 'Nautica.' With a significance level of p < 0.01, the correlation was found to be statistically significant, providing compelling evidence for the link between nautical nomenclature and atmospheric conditions.
(Fig. 1) illustrates the strong positive correlation between the prevalence of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in Columbus, Georgia. The scatterplot depicts a clear upward trend, with higher levels of air pollution corresponding to greater popularity of the name 'Nautica' in the region. The visual depiction underscores the compelling nature of the relationship uncovered through our rigorous statistical analysis.
The findings of this exploration not only reinforce the unexpected nature of correlations in the realm of academic research but also underscore the significance of seemingly whimsical phenomena in influencing real-world outcomes. This unanticipated connection between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators provides a fascinating lens through which to view the intricate interplay of factors shaping our world. As we navigate through the waves of data, our study serves as a compelling reminder that even in the realm of scholarly pursuits, the exploration of quirky and unconventional associations can yield remarkable insights.
The convergence of the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels in Columbus, Georgia sets the stage for a captivating exploration of the unexpected intersections between personal names and environmental factors. The robustness of the correlation observed underscores the potential impact of individual nomenclature on broader environmental phenomena, inviting further inquiry into the mechanisms underlying this intriguing relationship.
The next section will delve into the implications of these findings, shedding light on the broader significance of this unusual correlation. This unexpected synergy between the name 'Nautica' and air pollution levels not only challenges conventional notions but also offers a whimsical twist in the realm of academic investigation.

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Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study unravels the curious correlation between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. The robust correlation coefficient of 0.8425364, alongside the r-squared value of 0.7098676 and a significance level of p < 0.01, underscores the substantial link between nautical nomenclature and atmospheric conditions. It appears that the seas of data have indeed yielded a surprising bounty of insights, challenging conventional notions and embracing the unexpected.

The visual depiction in (Fig. 1) paints a compelling picture of the upward trend, showcasing the rise in air pollution levels corresponding to the greater popularity of the name 'Nautica' in the region. The whimsical intersection between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators adds a splash of intrigue to the often-serious arena of scholarly pursuits.

Our findings not only underscore the unforeseen nature of correlations but also emphasize the importance of exploring unconventional associations. It seems that the waves of data have led us to an unexpected port, where the allure of exploration and uncharted territories beckons. With this unusual correlation at the helm, we are reminded that even in the staid waters of academic inquiry, there is always room for delightful surprises.

As we wrap up this expedition into the connection between nautical nomenclature and air pollution, it becomes evident that no further research may be needed in this singularly quirky area. After all, how many more connections can be as delightfully unexpected as this? Our findings serve as a lighthearted reminder that, in the vast ocean of scholarly exploration, there are bound to be more delightful surprises waiting to be uncovered. And who knows, perhaps, the next peculiar correlation may be just around the bend, ready to add a dash of capricious charm to the world of academic inquiry.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Maritime Metropolis Journal

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Urban Air Quality and Name Trends

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia with an abstract of This study investigates the potential relationship between the prevalence of the first name 'Nautica' and levels of air pollution in Columbus, Georgia. By utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency, we set out to address a subject often overlooked in academic discourse. Our analysis reveals a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8425364 with a significance level of p < 0.01 for the time period spanning 1992 to 2022. The findings not only raise eyebrows but also bring to light the unexpected interplay between personal nomenclature and environmental indicators. This research sheds light on the curious and often quirky intersections in our world, reaffirming that even the most peculiar of trends may hold unforeseen significance.

ChatGPT:

"Nautica popularity," "air pollution in Columbus Georgia," "US Social Security Administration data," "Environmental Protection Agency air quality data," "Nautical nomenclature study," "relationship between name and air pollution," "correlation between name prevalence and air pollution," "unusual correlations in research," "unforeseen significance of name trends."

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

Popularity of the first name Nautica
Detailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Nautica
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Nautica

Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia
Detailed data title: Percentage of days with air quality at 'unhealthy for sensitive groups' or worse in Columbus, GA-AL
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
See what else correlates with Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia

Correlation r = 0.8425364 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.7098676 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 71% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Nautica) over the 31 years from 1992 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 2.8E-9.^Show 0.0000000027764773210650674000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.84 in 2.8E-7% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 360,168,618 random variables^Note You don't actually need 360 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 30 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 30 because we have two variables measured over a period of 31 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.7, 0.92 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Popularity of the first name Nautica (Babies born)	15	33	55	83	142	212	224	262	177	173	141	106	84	84	68	44	50	45	26	22	17	19	27	18	23	24	24	28	18	17	9
Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia (Bad air quality days)	6.29371	5.18519	3.16901	11.3793	7.57576	10.8787	15.4167	21.5909	18.5965	8.04196	2.43056	1.5873	3.36391	4.10959	4.65753	6.84932	2.73224	0.547945	1.36986	1.36986	0.819672	0.273973	0.547945	0.550964	1.37363	0	0	0	0.273224	1.09589	0.547945

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([15,33,55,83,142,212,224,262,177,173,141,106,84,84,68,44,50,45,26,22,17,19,27,18,23,24,24,28,18,17,9,])
array_2 = np.array([6.29371,5.18519,3.16901,11.3793,7.57576,10.8787,15.4167,21.5909,18.5965,8.04196,2.43056,1.5873,3.36391,4.10959,4.65753,6.84932,2.73224,0.547945,1.36986,1.36986,0.819672,0.273973,0.547945,0.550964,1.37363,0,0,0,0.273224,1.09589,0.547945,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Nautica"
array_2_name = "Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Popularity of the first name Nautica
Line chart for only Air pollution in Columbus, Georgia
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Nautical Nomenclature: Exploring the Correlation between the Popularity of the Name Nautica and Air Pollution in Columbus, Georgia

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Correlation ID: 4787 · Black Variable ID: 4092 · Red Variable ID: 20491


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