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AI explanation

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image that looks like a scene from a Pixar movie. In the foreground, Somerset, Kentucky is depicted with clean, clear skies and fewer cars emitting pollution. In the background, planes take off smoothly and soar through the cleaner air. Simultaneously, in Former Czechoslovakia, depict a reduction in jet fuel usage as pilots find they don't need to refuel as often. The scene should showcase the clear connection between cleaner skies in Kentucky and reduced flights in Former Czechoslovakia, illustrating a global impact and the ripple effect of tackling air pollution. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

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This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Air pollution in Somerset, Kentucky and Jet fuel used in Former Czechoslovakia. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie Surrealism An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie Parallax art Low poly
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Air pollution in Somerset, Kentucky and Jet fuel used in Former Czechoslovakia, in the following situation: As air quality improved thanks to less pollution in Somerset, Kentucky, it created a ripple effect worldwide. You see, the cleaner air actually made it easier for the planes to take off, leading to better fuel efficiency. This, in turn, decreased the overall demand for jet fuel. But wait, it gets even more "plane" ridiculous – the pilots found they didn't need to "tank up" as often, so there was a "de-plane" in fuel consumption. So, the next time you're enjoying a breath of fresh air in Kentucky, just remember that you're also helping to "fuel" a change in jet fuel usage all the way in Former Czechoslovakia. It's a real "air-raising" connection that's taking the concept of "global" warming to new heights! And hey, maybe this could be the start of a whole new era: "Cleaner Skies, Fewer Flights, and Czech-ing the Fuel Gauge Less Often." Who knew that tackling air pollution in one place could have such far-reaching "airplane" consequences? Keep "soaring" to new heights, Somerset – you're not just reducing pollution, you're "propelling" change around the world! And as they say in the aviation world, it's time to "jet" set towards a greener, cleaner future.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In Somerset, Kentucky, the once hazy sky is now clear, with fewer cars emitting pollution. As the air quality improves, planes take off smoothly, soaring through the cleaner air. Meanwhile, in Former Czechoslovakia, jet fuel usage decreases as pilots find they don't need to refuel as often. The connection between cleaner skies in Kentucky and reduced flights in Former Czechoslovakia shows a global impact. The ripple effect is clear— tackling air pollution in Somerset has led to a greener, cleaner future for all.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie ] and depicting this scene: In Somerset, Kentucky, the once hazy sky is now clear, with fewer cars emitting pollution. As the air quality improves, planes take off smoothly, soaring through the cleaner air. Meanwhile, in Former Czechoslovakia, jet fuel usage decreases as pilots find they don't need to refuel as often. The connection between cleaner skies in Kentucky and reduced flights in Former Czechoslovakia shows a global impact. The ripple effect is clear— tackling air pollution in Somerset has led to a greener, cleaner future for all. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image that looks like a scene from a Pixar movie. In the foreground, Somerset, Kentucky is depicted with clean, clear skies and fewer cars emitting pollution. In the background, planes take off smoothly and soar through the cleaner air. Simultaneously, in Former Czechoslovakia, depict a reduction in jet fuel usage as pilots find they don't need to refuel as often. The scene should showcase the clear connection between cleaner skies in Kentucky and reduced flights in Former Czechoslovakia, illustrating a global impact and the ripple effect of tackling air pollution.

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*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

AI academic paper

Peculiar Parallels: Probing the Link Between Pollution in Somerset and Propulsion in Former Czechoslovakia The Journal of Ecological Quirks and Curiosities Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

Problem variable:	Which variable has a problem? Air pollution in Somerset, Kentucky Jet fuel used in Former Czechoslovakia Neither / both
Issue:	What is the issue? The data is incorrect The chart isn't displaying properly There is a typo The source link is incorrect A calculation is wrong Something else
Additional details: Optional
Confirm you are a human:

Data details

Why this works

1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
   no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
   p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([1.53846,0,1.68539,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,])
array_2 = np.array([11,8,9,3.314,3.2,3.455,4.293,3.855,4.896,3.649,3.003,3.462,])
array_1_name = "Air pollution in Somerset, Kentucky"
array_2_name = "Jet fuel used in Former Czechoslovakia"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

• High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
  
  If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
  
  Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
  
• High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
• Alternative high resolution line chart
• Scatterplot
• Portable line chart (png)
• Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
• Line chart for only Air pollution in Somerset, Kentucky
• Line chart for only Jet fuel used in Former Czechoslovakia
• AI-generated correlation image
• The spurious research paper: Peculiar Parallels: Probing the Link Between Pollution in Somerset and Propulsion in Former Czechoslovakia