Spurious correlation #4,242 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The distance between Neptune and Earth and the second variable is Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon. The chart goes from 1987 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The distance between Neptune and Earth and the second variable is Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon. The chart goes from 1987 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

Neptune's gravitational pull disrupted Earth's axial tilt, leading to erratic weather patterns in the Amazon that ultimately contributed to deforestation. As the saying goes, it's not just a rainforest, it's a Neptune-muddled, tree-toppling, cosmic conundrum!

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Create an image that looks like a scene from 'Star Wars', depicting the vast expanse of space with Neptune looming closer to Earth than ever before. As Neptune draws near, its gravitational force causes a tidal wave of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Lush green trees are rapidly disappearing, leaving behind spaces where they once stood tall. The remaining forest cover dwindles as Neptune's presence disrupts the harmony of this earthly oasis. The cosmic dance between the planets and the earth's precious resources plays out in a solemn scene of ecological imbalance. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: The distance between Neptune and Earth and Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Photorealism Photorealism An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' Photorealism Vaporwave
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars'

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both The distance between Neptune and Earth and Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon, in the following situation: As Neptune edged closer, its gravitational pull caused a tidal wave of deforestation. The trees were feeling spaced out and couldn't leaf fast enough, trunk-ating the forest cover. It seems they were pining for some celestial peace and quiet, but Neptune's presence just threw everything out of orbit. It's a real planetary shame - those poor trees never stood a chance against Neptune's cosmic lumbering. But hey, at least now we know that when it comes to saving the Amazon, every astronomical unit of distance counts!. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In the vast expanse of space, Neptune looms closer to Earth than ever before. As it draws near, its gravitational force causes a tidal wave of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Lush green trees are rapidly disappearing, leaving behind spaces where they once stood tall. The remaining forest cover dwindles as Neptune's presence disrupts the harmony of this earthly oasis. The cosmic dance between the planets and the earth's precious resources plays out in a solemn scene of ecological imbalance.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' ] and depicting this scene: In the vast expanse of space, Neptune looms closer to Earth than ever before. As it draws near, its gravitational force causes a tidal wave of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Lush green trees are rapidly disappearing, leaving behind spaces where they once stood tall. The remaining forest cover dwindles as Neptune's presence disrupts the harmony of this earthly oasis. The cosmic dance between the planets and the earth's precious resources plays out in a solemn scene of ecological imbalance. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Create an image that looks like a scene from 'Star Wars', depicting the vast expanse of space with Neptune looming closer to Earth than ever before. As Neptune draws near, its gravitational force causes a tidal wave of deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Lush green trees are rapidly disappearing, leaving behind spaces where they once stood tall. The remaining forest cover dwindles as Neptune's presence disrupts the harmony of this earthly oasis. The cosmic dance between the planets and the earth's precious resources plays out in a solemn scene of ecological imbalance.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in The distance between Neptune and Earth caused Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon to decrease.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience

The Journal of Interplanetary Resilience Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Neptune and Earth and Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a couple popular internet memes that are related to one of the topics.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the distance separating Neptune from Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Employing data derived from the celestial choreography captured through Astropy and the arboreal embrace monitored by Mongabay, our research team endeavored to unravel this cosmic enigma. Through rigorous analysis, a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9863098 and p < 0.01 was unearthed from the data spanning from 1987 to 2022, indicating a remarkable association between these seemingly disparate domains. Our findings reveal an unexpected cosmic waltz influencing the verdant expanses of the Amazon, shedding light on the intricate interplay of celestial bodies and terrestrial ecosystems.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The cosmos has long captivated the human imagination, beckoning us with its celestial ballet of planets, stars, and galaxies. Meanwhile, here on Earth, the intricate tapestry of our ecosystems continues to fascinate and confound scientists and researchers alike. Our present study seeks to bridge these two realms, delving into the enigmatic connection between the distance separating Neptune, the enigmatic blue giant, from our humble abode, and the remaining forest cover in the expansive Brazilian Amazon.
This seemingly peculiar association has sparked curiosity and skepticism alike, prompting our team to embark on a journey of data collection and analysis, armed with the tools of Astropy and the guidance of Mongabay. The intention of our investigation is not merely to establish a correlation, but to unravel a cosmic choreography that may hold implications for the resilience and vitality of the Amazonian rainforest.
While the prospect of such a link may seem as distant as Neptune itself, the pursuit of knowledge often leads us to unexpected and wondrous discoveries. As we enter this cosmic dance of statistical analysis and astronomical observation, we invite the reader to join us in exploring the intricacies of these interconnected phenomena. With open minds and a healthy dose of skepticism, let us embark on this journey to unravel the cosmic secrets that may sway the fate of the Amazonian forest.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

Studies have long emphasized the impact of celestial phenomena on terrestrial ecosystems, underscoring the intricate relationships that extend beyond the boundaries of our planet. Smith (2015) highlights the significance of cosmic radiation and its potential effects on various environmental parameters, while Doe (2018) delves into the influence of lunar phases on agricultural productivity. Jones (2019) extends this line of inquiry to consider the potential repercussions of planetary alignments on global climatic patterns, underscoring the multifaceted connections between the celestial and the terrestrial.

Turning to relevant non-fiction literature, "Cosmic Ecology: Exploring the Interstellar Influence on Earth's Ecosystems" by A. Astronomer provides a comprehensive overview of the interactions between cosmic phenomena and earthly biomes, shedding light on the profound yet often overlooked repercussions of celestial events. Similarly, "The Arboreal Sway: A Chronicle of Amazonian Forests" by E. Biologist examines the intricacies of the Amazonian rainforest, portraying its resilience in the face of various environmental factors.

In the realm of fiction, "Neptunian Whispers" by S. SciFiWriter weaves a tantalizing narrative exploring the enigmatic influence of Neptune on the fate of a fictional rainforest. Concurrently, "Jungle Planets and Stellar Serenades" by G. FantasyAuthor immerses readers in a fantastical universe where distant planets harmonize with earthly ecosystems, inviting contemplation on the speculative interplay of cosmic forces.

Navigating the vast expanse of internet culture, the popular meme "Neptune's Nudge" humorously juxtaposes images of the distant planet with captions suggestive of its unforeseen influence on terrestrial affairs, adding a lighthearted twist to the exploration of cosmic interconnections. This deceptively light-hearted meme captures the essence of our present investigation, which seeks to unravel the cosmic dance shaping the fate of the Amazonian rainforest.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Neptune and Earth and Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Caclculated using Astropy and Mongabay . You used data from 1987 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the distance separating Neptune from Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Employing data derived from the celestial choreography captured through Astropy and the arboreal embrace monitored by Mongabay, our research team endeavored to unravel this cosmic enigma. Through rigorous analysis, a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9863098 and p < 0.01 was unearthed from the data spanning from 1987 to 2022, indicating a remarkable association between these seemingly disparate domains. Our findings reveal an unexpected cosmic waltz influencing the verdant expanses of the Amazon, shedding light on the intricate interplay of celestial bodies and terrestrial ecosystems.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The cosmos has long captivated the human imagination, beckoning us with its celestial ballet of planets, stars, and galaxies. Meanwhile, here on Earth, the intricate tapestry of our ecosystems continues to fascinate and confound scientists and researchers alike. Our present study seeks to bridge these two realms, delving into the enigmatic connection between the distance separating Neptune, the enigmatic blue giant, from our humble abode, and the remaining forest cover in the expansive Brazilian Amazon.
This seemingly peculiar association has sparked curiosity and skepticism alike, prompting our team to embark on a journey of data collection and analysis, armed with the tools of Astropy and the guidance of Mongabay. The intention of our investigation is not merely to establish a correlation, but to unravel a cosmic choreography that may hold implications for the resilience and vitality of the Amazonian rainforest.
While the prospect of such a link may seem as distant as Neptune itself, the pursuit of knowledge often leads us to unexpected and wondrous discoveries. As we enter this cosmic dance of statistical analysis and astronomical observation, we invite the reader to join us in exploring the intricacies of these interconnected phenomena. With open minds and a healthy dose of skepticism, let us embark on this journey to unravel the cosmic secrets that may sway the fate of the Amazonian forest.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Data Collection:
The dataset utilized in this study was collected from a variety of sources, primarily drawing from the boundless expanse of the internet. The primary sources of data included Astropy, a treasure trove of celestial measurements, and Mongabay, the arboreal oracle of Amazonian ecosystems. Despite the vastness of the internet, these sources provided the necessary celestial and terrestrial insights to fuel our investigation.

Statistical Analysis:
To unravel the potential connection between the distance from Neptune to Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon, a series of statistical analyses were conducted. Firstly, a robust correlation analysis was undertaken to assess the strength and direction of the relationship between these celestial and terrestrial variables. Additionally, a time series analysis was employed to discern any temporal patterns or fluctuations in the data over the study period from 1987 to 2022.

Regression Modeling:
In order to elucidate the potential causal pathways and predictive power of the Neptunian distance on the Amazonian forest cover, regression modeling was employed. Specifically, a linear regression model was fitted to the data, allowing us to quantify the magnitude of influence exerted by the celestial factor on the terrestrial phenomenon. This modelling process sought to navigate the cosmic dance of causality and correlation, shedding light on the intricate interplay of these seemingly disparate domains.

Quality Control:
Given the cosmically significant nature of our study, stringent quality control measures were implemented to ensure the integrity and reliability of the data. This included rigorous data validation checks and model diagnostics to mitigate the potential for spurious correlations and misleading inferences. The robustness of our findings was thus safeguarded against the gravitational pull of erroneous conclusions.

Limitations:
Like any celestial or terrestrial endeavor, this study is not without its limitations. The reliance on secondary data sources and the multifaceted nature of celestial and terrestrial phenomena introduce inherent uncertainties and complexities into our analyses. Additionally, the potential for confounding variables, such as solar flares or mischievous celestial bodies, cannot be entirely discounted. Nonetheless, our research team diligently navigated these cosmic tempests to unveil the intriguing association between Neptune's distance and the resilience of the Amazonian rainforest.

In summary, the methodological approach adopted in this study blended the astronomical precision of Astropy with the ecological insights of Mongabay to unravel the cosmic dance between Neptune and the Amazon. Through statistical sorcery and celestial scrutiny, our methodology aimed to decode the enigmatic relationship between these celestial and terrestrial realms, withstanding the gravitational pull of skepticism to unveil their interconnected secrets.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Neptune and Earth and Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the distance separating Neptune from Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Employing data derived from the celestial choreography captured through Astropy and the arboreal embrace monitored by Mongabay, our research team endeavored to unravel this cosmic enigma. Through rigorous analysis, a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9863098 and p < 0.01 was unearthed from the data spanning from 1987 to 2022, indicating a remarkable association between these seemingly disparate domains. Our findings reveal an unexpected cosmic waltz influencing the verdant expanses of the Amazon, shedding light on the intricate interplay of celestial bodies and terrestrial ecosystems.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Studies have long emphasized the impact of celestial phenomena on terrestrial ecosystems, underscoring the intricate relationships that extend beyond the boundaries of our planet. Smith (2015) highlights the significance of cosmic radiation and its potential effects on various environmental parameters, while Doe (2018) delves into the influence of lunar phases on agricultural productivity. Jones (2019) extends this line of inquiry to consider the potential repercussions of planetary alignments on global climatic patterns, underscoring the multifaceted connections between the celestial and the terrestrial.
Turning to relevant non-fiction literature, "Cosmic Ecology: Exploring the Interstellar Influence on Earth's Ecosystems" by A. Astronomer provides a comprehensive overview of the interactions between cosmic phenomena and earthly biomes, shedding light on the profound yet often overlooked repercussions of celestial events. Similarly, "The Arboreal Sway: A Chronicle of Amazonian Forests" by E. Biologist examines the intricacies of the Amazonian rainforest, portraying its resilience in the face of various environmental factors.
In the realm of fiction, "Neptunian Whispers" by S. SciFiWriter weaves a tantalizing narrative exploring the enigmatic influence of Neptune on the fate of a fictional rainforest. Concurrently, "Jungle Planets and Stellar Serenades" by G. FantasyAuthor immerses readers in a fantastical universe where distant planets harmonize with earthly ecosystems, inviting contemplation on the speculative interplay of cosmic forces.
Navigating the vast expanse of internet culture, the popular meme "Neptune's Nudge" humorously juxtaposes images of the distant planet with captions suggestive of its unforeseen influence on terrestrial affairs, adding a lighthearted twist to the exploration of cosmic interconnections. This deceptively light-hearted meme captures the essence of our present investigation, which seeks to unravel the cosmic dance shaping the fate of the Amazonian rainforest.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data gathered from the vast reaches of the internet, with a focal point on the information culled from Astropy and Mongabay, uncovered a coefficient of correlation between the distance separating Neptune from Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. The correlation coefficient of 0.9863098 suggests a strikingly robust relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. This value of correlation indicates a strong positive linear relationship between the two, hinting at a celestial influence on the terrestrial realm that has flown under the radar of conventional ecological investigations.
Moreover, the calculated r-squared value of 0.9728071 further reinforces the close association between the Neptunian distance and the resilience of the Amazonian rainforest. It indicates that approximately 97.28% of the variation in the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon can be explained by the distance separating Earth from the blue giant Neptune. Such a high explanatory power points to the significant impact of cosmic factors on the maintenance and preservation of the Amazonian ecosystem.
Notably, the level of statistical significance, with p < 0.01, underscores the robustness of the observed relationship. The probability of obtaining such a strong correlation by chance is less than 1%, lending further credence to the substantive connection between the celestial position of Neptune and the terrestrial expanse of the Amazonian rainforest.
The compelling findings are succinctly encapsulated in Figure 1, a scatterplot that visually depicts the strong correlation between the Neptunian distance and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. The stark alignment of data points in the scatterplot serves as a tangible representation of the cosmic dance shaping the verdant expanses of the Amazon, offering a visually captivating insight into the unearthed relationship.
These results not only underscore the remarkable association between the celestial position of Neptune and the ecological resilience of the Amazonian rainforest but also serve as a testament to the unexpected intricacies that underlie the cosmic tapestry of our universe. As we continue to unravel these cosmic secrets, let us not forget that sometimes the most profound revelations can emerge from the most unexpected celestial encounters.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The findings of the present study lend credence to the notion that celestial bodies, even those as distant as Neptune, may exert a significant influence on terrestrial ecosystems, exemplified by the symbiotic dance between the Neptunian distance and the resilience of the Amazonian rainforest. These results concur with previous research, which has often alluded to the potential effects of cosmic phenomena on earthly biomes. The statistically robust correlation coefficient and high explanatory power unearthed in this investigation align with Smith's (2015) emphasis on the impact of celestial radiation and its potential environmental effects. The observed relationship also resonates with Jones' (2019) exploration of planetary alignments and their repercussions on global climatic patterns, echoing the unexpected interconnectedness between celestial and terrestrial realms.

Furthermore, the unexpected association between the distant ice giant and the terrestrial expanse of the Amazonian rainforest prompts consideration of the multifaceted nature of ecological influences. While traditional ecological research has primarily focused on local and regional factors, such as climate, land use, and human activity, this study underscores the necessity of also accounting for cosmic variables in our efforts to comprehend and conserve terrestrial ecosystems. Thus, the Neptunian distance emerges as an intriguing addition to the pantheon of ecological drivers, challenging conventional paradigms and prompting a more expansive consideration of the factors shaping our planet's natural landscapes.

The high level of statistical significance further supports the substantial nature of this celestial-terrestrial relationship, reaffirming the significance of the Neptunian influence on the Amazonian rainforest. The visual representation of the strong correlation in the scatterplot, akin to the grand celestial waltz of the planets, illustrates the captivating insight into the cosmic forces shaping earthly ecosystems, alluding to the possibility of a cosmic choreography orchestrating the fate of the Amazonian expanse.

In conclusion, the present study not only highlights the unforeseen influence of celestial bodies on terrestrial ecosystems but also underscores the intricate cosmic tapestry of our universe. As we continue to peer into the celestial abyss and unravel the cosmic secrets, let us remain receptive to the possibility that, in the words of S. SciFiWriter and G. FantasyAuthor, the distant planets may indeed harmonize with earthly ecosystems in a cosmic dance that defies our traditional ecological understanding.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The distance between Neptune and Earth and Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the distance separating Neptune from Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Employing data derived from the celestial choreography captured through Astropy and the arboreal embrace monitored by Mongabay, our research team endeavored to unravel this cosmic enigma. Through rigorous analysis, a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9863098 and p < 0.01 was unearthed from the data spanning from 1987 to 2022, indicating a remarkable association between these seemingly disparate domains. Our findings reveal an unexpected cosmic waltz influencing the verdant expanses of the Amazon, shedding light on the intricate interplay of celestial bodies and terrestrial ecosystems.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The cosmos has long captivated the human imagination, beckoning us with its celestial ballet of planets, stars, and galaxies. Meanwhile, here on Earth, the intricate tapestry of our ecosystems continues to fascinate and confound scientists and researchers alike. Our present study seeks to bridge these two realms, delving into the enigmatic connection between the distance separating Neptune, the enigmatic blue giant, from our humble abode, and the remaining forest cover in the expansive Brazilian Amazon.
This seemingly peculiar association has sparked curiosity and skepticism alike, prompting our team to embark on a journey of data collection and analysis, armed with the tools of Astropy and the guidance of Mongabay. The intention of our investigation is not merely to establish a correlation, but to unravel a cosmic choreography that may hold implications for the resilience and vitality of the Amazonian rainforest.
While the prospect of such a link may seem as distant as Neptune itself, the pursuit of knowledge often leads us to unexpected and wondrous discoveries. As we enter this cosmic dance of statistical analysis and astronomical observation, we invite the reader to join us in exploring the intricacies of these interconnected phenomena. With open minds and a healthy dose of skepticism, let us embark on this journey to unravel the cosmic secrets that may sway the fate of the Amazonian forest.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data gathered from the vast reaches of the internet, with a focal point on the information culled from Astropy and Mongabay, uncovered a coefficient of correlation between the distance separating Neptune from Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. The correlation coefficient of 0.9863098 suggests a strikingly robust relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. This value of correlation indicates a strong positive linear relationship between the two, hinting at a celestial influence on the terrestrial realm that has flown under the radar of conventional ecological investigations.
Moreover, the calculated r-squared value of 0.9728071 further reinforces the close association between the Neptunian distance and the resilience of the Amazonian rainforest. It indicates that approximately 97.28% of the variation in the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon can be explained by the distance separating Earth from the blue giant Neptune. Such a high explanatory power points to the significant impact of cosmic factors on the maintenance and preservation of the Amazonian ecosystem.
Notably, the level of statistical significance, with p < 0.01, underscores the robustness of the observed relationship. The probability of obtaining such a strong correlation by chance is less than 1%, lending further credence to the substantive connection between the celestial position of Neptune and the terrestrial expanse of the Amazonian rainforest.
The compelling findings are succinctly encapsulated in Figure 1, a scatterplot that visually depicts the strong correlation between the Neptunian distance and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. The stark alignment of data points in the scatterplot serves as a tangible representation of the cosmic dance shaping the verdant expanses of the Amazon, offering a visually captivating insight into the unearthed relationship.
These results not only underscore the remarkable association between the celestial position of Neptune and the ecological resilience of the Amazonian rainforest but also serve as a testament to the unexpected intricacies that underlie the cosmic tapestry of our universe. As we continue to unravel these cosmic secrets, let us not forget that sometimes the most profound revelations can emerge from the most unexpected celestial encounters.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our research has uncovered a compelling and unexpected correlation between the distance from Neptune to Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. The robust correlation coefficient of 0.9863098 and the high level of statistical significance (p < 0.01) point to a substantial link between these seemingly disparate domains. It is intriguing to contemplate the celestial waltz of Neptune influencing the terrestrial tapestry of the Amazon, as if the cosmos itself were pirouetting through the lush foliage.

The R-squared value of 0.9728071 further accentuates the impact of this unexpected cosmic connection, indicating that approximately 97.28% of the variation in the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon can be attributed to the Neptunian distance. One cannot help but marvel at the cosmic choreography that may be influencing the resilience and vitality of such a vital ecosystem, as if the celestial bodies were orchestrating a grand symphony of environmental equilibrium.

The compelling findings suggest that perhaps there are cosmic forces at play, dancing through the cosmos and delicately shaping the environmental dynamics of our planet. However, one must exercise caution not to leap to nebulous conclusions, as further research and potential mechanisms underlying this cosmic influence on the Amazonian rainforest remain to be elucidated.

Nonetheless, it is clear that our findings have unveiled a celestial duet that sheds light on the intricate interplay of distant planets and earthly ecosystems. With such an enthralling revelation, one might be tempted to exclaim, "Neptune's distant pull, in Amazon's green, has a role so keen!" Given the striking nature of our results, it seems that no further research in this area is warranted, as we have, quite literally, reached for the stars and come back with a cosmic revelation.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Interplanetary Resilience Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Galactic Anthropological Society

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience with an abstract of This paper investigates the curious relationship between the distance separating Neptune from Earth and the remaining forest cover in the Brazilian Amazon. Employing data derived from the celestial choreography captured through Astropy and the arboreal embrace monitored by Mongabay, our research team endeavored to unravel this cosmic enigma. Through rigorous analysis, a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9863098 and p < 0.01 was unearthed from the data spanning from 1987 to 2022, indicating a remarkable association between these seemingly disparate domains. Our findings reveal an unexpected cosmic waltz influencing the verdant expanses of the Amazon, shedding light on the intricate interplay of celestial bodies and terrestrial ecosystems.

ChatGPT:

Neptune-Earth distance, forest cover in Brazilian Amazon, celestial choreography, Astropy data, Mongabay monitoring, correlation coefficient, cosmic waltz, celestial bodies, terrestrial ecosystems

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

Random correlation

Discover a new correlation

View all correlations

View all research papers

Report an error

Data details

The distance between Neptune and Earth
Detailed data title: The average distance between Neptune and Earth as measured on the first day of each month
Source: Caclculated using Astropy
Additional Info: ^{See full details} I wrote a Python script using Astropy to calculate the distance between the named planets on the first day of each month for every year.

See what else correlates with The distance between Neptune and Earth

Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon
Detailed data title: Estimated Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon
Source: Mongabay
See what else correlates with Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon

Correlation r = 0.9863098 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.9728071 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 97.3% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., The distance between Neptune and Earth) over the 36 years from 1987 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 3.0E-28.^Show 0.0000000000000000000000000003
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.99 in 3.0E-26% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 3,333,333,333,333,333,560,877,121,536 random variables^Note You don't actually need 3 octillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 35 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 35 because we have two variables measured over a period of 36 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.97, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
The distance between Neptune and Earth (Planetary distance (AU))	30.2148	30.2058	30.1956	30.1871	30.1795	30.1729	30.166	30.1594	30.1521	30.1437	30.1342	30.1234	30.1118	30.0994	30.0881	30.0772	30.0674	30.0579	30.0512	30.0443	30.0374	30.0289	30.0219	30.0128	30.0028	29.9907	29.9817	29.9718	29.9628	29.9532	29.9488	29.9434	29.9387	29.9317	29.9286	29.9224
Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon (Sq. KM)	3744570	3723520	3705750	3692020	3680990	3667200	3652310	3637410	3608350	3590190	3576960	3559580	3542320	3524100	3505930	3484280	3458880	3431110	3412100	3397810	3386160	3373250	3365790	3358790	3352370	3347800	3341910	3336900	3330690	3322800	3315850	3308310	3298550	3290120	3279650	3268050

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([30.2148,30.2058,30.1956,30.1871,30.1795,30.1729,30.166,30.1594,30.1521,30.1437,30.1342,30.1234,30.1118,30.0994,30.0881,30.0772,30.0674,30.0579,30.0512,30.0443,30.0374,30.0289,30.0219,30.0128,30.0028,29.9907,29.9817,29.9718,29.9628,29.9532,29.9488,29.9434,29.9387,29.9317,29.9286,29.9224,])
array_2 = np.array([3744570,3723520,3705750,3692020,3680990,3667200,3652310,3637410,3608350,3590190,3576960,3559580,3542320,3524100,3505930,3484280,3458880,3431110,3412100,3397810,3386160,3373250,3365790,3358790,3352370,3347800,3341910,3336900,3330690,3322800,3315850,3308310,3298550,3290120,3279650,3268050,])
array_1_name = "The distance between Neptune and Earth"
array_2_name = "Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only The distance between Neptune and Earth
Line chart for only Remaining Forest Cover in the Brazilian Amazon
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: A Cosmic Dance: The Neptunian Distance and Amazonian Resilience

View another random correlation

How fun was this correlation?

Your correlation rating is out of this world!

Correlation ID: 4242 · Black Variable ID: 1941 · Red Variable ID: 372


Problem variable:
Issue:
Additional details: Optional
Confirm you are a human: