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Spurious correlation #4,148 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the second variable is Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United.  The chart goes from 2012 to 2019, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As more people became experts in managing household resources, they inadvertently perfected the art of managing a team's dynamics and resources, leading to increased team cohesion and performance. This resulted in Darren Fletcher extending his career at Manchester United, because at the end of the day, it's all about managing the 'family' and being a 'consummate' professional on the field!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [ inspired by bauhaus ] Generate an image of a scene where a group of graduates proudly hold their Bachelor's degrees in Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences. They are gathered in a bustling kitchen, engaged in discussion about innovative ways to manage household resources. Nearby, on a soccer field, depict Darren Fletcher leading his team with consummate professionalism and team management skills as he extends his career at Manchester United. Seamlessly merge these two worlds to emphasize the connection between managing a family's dynamics and resources with the cohesion and performance of a successful team. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Bachelor's degrees awarded in Family and consumer sciences/human sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Cubism Cyber folk inspired by bauhaus Psychedelic Voxel art
ChatGPT: inspired by bauhaus

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Bachelor's degrees awarded in Family and consumer sciences/human sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United, in the following situation: As more people became experts in managing household resources, they inadvertently perfected the art of managing a team's dynamics and resources, leading to increased team cohesion and performance. This resulted in Darren Fletcher extending his career at Manchester United, because at the end of the day, it's all about managing the 'family' and being a 'consummate' professional on the field!. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling kitchen, a group of graduates proudly hold their Bachelor's degrees in Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences, discussing innovative ways to manage household resources. Meanwhile, on a nearby soccer field, Darren Fletcher skillfully leads his team, displaying his consummate professionalism and team management skills. As he extends his career at Manchester United, the two worlds seamlessly merge, emphasizing the connection between managing a family's dynamics and resources with the cohesion and performance of a successful team.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ inspired by bauhaus ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling kitchen, a group of graduates proudly hold their Bachelor's degrees in Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences, discussing innovative ways to manage household resources. Meanwhile, on a nearby soccer field, Darren Fletcher skillfully leads his team, displaying his consummate professionalism and team management skills. As he extends his career at Manchester United, the two worlds seamlessly merge, emphasizing the connection between managing a family's dynamics and resources with the cohesion and performance of a successful team. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [ inspired by bauhaus ] Generate an image of a scene where a group of graduates proudly hold their Bachelor's degrees in Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences. They are gathered in a bustling kitchen, engaged in discussion about innovative ways to manage household resources. Nearby, on a soccer field, depict Darren Fletcher leading his team with consummate professionalism and team management skills as he extends his career at Manchester United. Seamlessly merge these two worlds to emphasize the connection between managing a family's dynamics and resources with the cohesion and performance of a successful team.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Bachelor's degrees awarded in Family and consumer sciences/human sciences caused Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United

The Journal of Consumer Behavior Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title seem clever.

Your research team used data from National Center for Education Statistics and Wikipedia to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for 2012 to 2019.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we boldly venture into the uncharted territory of consumer sciences and professional football to explore the perplexing correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons the legendary Darren Fletcher graced the pitch at Manchester United. Utilizing a delightful mix of data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the ever-reliable Wikipedia, we uncover a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2019.

As we delve into this peculiar relationship, we navigate through the aisles of consumer behavior, scrutinize the tactics of educational institutions, and even take a shot at deciphering the strategic maneuvers of the football world. The findings not only shed light on the intertwining of academic pursuits and sporting glory, but also serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of correlation studies. So, grab your jerseys and academic journals, and join us on this thrilling journey from the classroom to the football pitch, where numbers and games collide in the most unexpected of ways.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we boldly venture into the uncharted territory of consumer sciences and professional football to explore the perplexing correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons the legendary Darren Fletcher graced the pitch at Manchester United. Utilizing a delightful mix of data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the ever-reliable Wikipedia, we uncover a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2019.

As we delve into this peculiar relationship, we navigate through the aisles of consumer behavior, scrutinize the tactics of educational institutions, and even take a shot at deciphering the strategic maneuvers of the football world. The findings not only shed light on the intertwining of academic pursuits and sporting glory, but also serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of correlation studies. So, grab your jerseys and academic journals, and join us on this thrilling journey from the classroom to the football pitch, where numbers and games collide in the most unexpected of ways.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
**INTRODUCTION**

The intersection of academia and athletics has long been a subject of fascination, with researchers often venturing into uncharted territories to uncover surprising connections. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical exploration of the relationship between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher, the maestro of Manchester United's midfield, graced the hallowed grounds of Old Trafford.

As we dive into this unconventional pairing, we must tread carefully, as the world of consumer sciences and professional football may seem as distant as a perfectly executed through ball to an offside striker. Nevertheless, armed with statistical tools and a dash of whimsy, we aim to unravel the intriguing correlation that has captured our scholarly curiosity.

But first, let us pause to ponder the delightful juxtaposition of consumer sciences and the beautiful game. On one hand, we have the intricacies of consumer behavior, shopping patterns, and market trends – an academic landscape littered with data points and consumer preferences. On the other, the passionate realm of football, a terrain where gladiatorial combat plays out on a meticulously manicured field, and where the back of the net serves as the ultimate measure of success.

Yet, despite the apparent divide, we find ourselves drawn to the peculiar connection between these seemingly incongruous realms. So, together, let us venture into this enchanted realm of academia and athleticism, where the coupling of consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's footballing exploits might just provide us with a touch of scholarly entertainment.

Now, buckle up and get ready for a rollercoaster ride through the world of academia and sports – for as we unravel the mystery of these disparate entities, we may just uncover unexpected truths while having a jolly good time doing so.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some movies that you watched that are tangentially related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we boldly venture into the uncharted territory of consumer sciences and professional football to explore the perplexing correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons the legendary Darren Fletcher graced the pitch at Manchester United. Utilizing a delightful mix of data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the ever-reliable Wikipedia, we uncover a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2019.

As we delve into this peculiar relationship, we navigate through the aisles of consumer behavior, scrutinize the tactics of educational institutions, and even take a shot at deciphering the strategic maneuvers of the football world. The findings not only shed light on the intertwining of academic pursuits and sporting glory, but also serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of correlation studies. So, grab your jerseys and academic journals, and join us on this thrilling journey from the classroom to the football pitch, where numbers and games collide in the most unexpected of ways.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of academia and athletics has long been a subject of fascination, with researchers often venturing into uncharted territories to uncover surprising connections. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical exploration of the relationship between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher, the maestro of Manchester United's midfield, graced the hallowed grounds of Old Trafford.
As we dive into this unconventional pairing, we must tread carefully, as the world of consumer sciences and professional football may seem as distant as a perfectly executed through ball to an offside striker. Nevertheless, armed with statistical tools and a dash of whimsy, we aim to unravel the intriguing correlation that has captured our scholarly curiosity.
But first, let us pause to ponder the delightful juxtaposition of consumer sciences and the beautiful game. On one hand, we have the intricacies of consumer behavior, shopping patterns, and market trends – an academic landscape littered with data points and consumer preferences. On the other, the passionate realm of football, a terrain where gladiatorial combat plays out on a meticulously manicured field, and where the back of the net serves as the ultimate measure of success.
Yet, despite the apparent divide, we find ourselves drawn to the peculiar connection between these seemingly incongruous realms. So, together, let us venture into this enchanted realm of academia and athleticism, where the coupling of consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's footballing exploits might just provide us with a touch of scholarly entertainment.
Now, buckle up and get ready for a rollercoaster ride through the world of academia and sports – for as we unravel the mystery of these disparate entities, we may just uncover unexpected truths while having a jolly good time doing so.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

Smith et al. (2015) investigate the socioeconomic factors influencing students' choice of major, drawing attention to the allure of consumer sciences in the contemporary educational landscape. Their work underscores the nuanced motivations that lead individuals to pursue degrees in consumer sciences, from the desire to understand consumer behavior to the aspiration of shaping market trends. Meanwhile, Doe and Jones (2018) delve into the impact of educational pursuits on career trajectories, highlighting the versatility and applicability of consumer sciences degrees in a variety of professional realms.

However, as we wade deeper into the sea of literature, we find ourselves encountering a peculiar mix of sources. "The Joy of Shopping: The Psychology of Consumer Behavior" by Lisa Thomas offers a captivating exploration of the intricate world of consumer choices and shopping paradigms, providing insights into the enigmatic allure of consumer sciences. In a similar vein, "The Art of Winning: Strategies for Success in Football" by John Kick reveals the strategic underpinnings of success in the footballing realm, painting a vivid picture of the maneuverings and tactics that define the beautiful game.

On a more whimsical note, our foray into fictional realms leads us to "The Consumer Conundrum: A Tale of Shopping and Serendipity" by Amy Novel and "The Midfield Maestro: A Footballing Saga" by Goalie Saver. While these literary works may not offer empirical insights, they certainly tickle our scholarly fancy with their imaginative blend of consumer quests and sporting exploits.

To further enrich our understanding of this enthralling subject, we pause to acknowledge the influence of cinema. "Shopaholic Showdown" and "Football Frenzy: The Darren Fletcher Story" take us on cinematic escapades where consumer culture meets the thrill of the football pitch. While these movies may not stand as authoritative research sources, they certainly contribute to the whimsical tapestry of our inquiry.

As we navigate through this eclectic array of literature, we find ourselves poised at the cusp of a scholarly adventure that intertwines academia and sports in the most unexpected of ways. So, dear reader, fasten your seatbelts and prepare for a delightful romp through the halls of consumer sciences and the illustrious fields of Manchester United, for in this journey, levity and enlightenment shall be our cherished companions.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and Wikipedia . You used data from 2012 to 2019

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we boldly venture into the uncharted territory of consumer sciences and professional football to explore the perplexing correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons the legendary Darren Fletcher graced the pitch at Manchester United. Utilizing a delightful mix of data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the ever-reliable Wikipedia, we uncover a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2019.

As we delve into this peculiar relationship, we navigate through the aisles of consumer behavior, scrutinize the tactics of educational institutions, and even take a shot at deciphering the strategic maneuvers of the football world. The findings not only shed light on the intertwining of academic pursuits and sporting glory, but also serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of correlation studies. So, grab your jerseys and academic journals, and join us on this thrilling journey from the classroom to the football pitch, where numbers and games collide in the most unexpected of ways.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of academia and athletics has long been a subject of fascination, with researchers often venturing into uncharted territories to uncover surprising connections. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical exploration of the relationship between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher, the maestro of Manchester United's midfield, graced the hallowed grounds of Old Trafford.
As we dive into this unconventional pairing, we must tread carefully, as the world of consumer sciences and professional football may seem as distant as a perfectly executed through ball to an offside striker. Nevertheless, armed with statistical tools and a dash of whimsy, we aim to unravel the intriguing correlation that has captured our scholarly curiosity.
But first, let us pause to ponder the delightful juxtaposition of consumer sciences and the beautiful game. On one hand, we have the intricacies of consumer behavior, shopping patterns, and market trends – an academic landscape littered with data points and consumer preferences. On the other, the passionate realm of football, a terrain where gladiatorial combat plays out on a meticulously manicured field, and where the back of the net serves as the ultimate measure of success.
Yet, despite the apparent divide, we find ourselves drawn to the peculiar connection between these seemingly incongruous realms. So, together, let us venture into this enchanted realm of academia and athleticism, where the coupling of consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's footballing exploits might just provide us with a touch of scholarly entertainment.
Now, buckle up and get ready for a rollercoaster ride through the world of academia and sports – for as we unravel the mystery of these disparate entities, we may just uncover unexpected truths while having a jolly good time doing so.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To embark on our peculiar quest to uncover the mysterious link between Bachelor's degrees in consumer sciences and the season count of the illustrious Darren Fletcher at Manchester United, we assembled a motley crew of research enthusiasts armed with laptops, caffeine, and an unyielding determination to blend the realms of academia and athletic prowess.

Data Sources:
Our intrepid journey began by scouring the digital labyrinth of the internet, navigating the treacherous terrain of scholarly databases, and occasionally braving the wilds of Wikipedia. We harnessed the comprehensive data provided by the National Center for Education Statistics, meticulously extracting the numbers of consumer sciences degrees conferred by educational institutions from the years 2012 to 2019. As for Mr. Fletcher's footballing tenure, we relied on the reliably convoluted and entertainingly detailed records available on various sports websites, forums, and possibly some chatty fan blogs.

Quantitative Analysis:
With our datasets in hand, we invoked the mystical powers of statistical software to perform a waltz of regression analysis, correlation coefficients, and p-values. Our enchanting voyage into the world of numbers led us to uncover a robust correlation coefficient of 0.8530798, with a p-value that gleefully danced beneath the enigmatic threshold of 0.01. It was a sight to behold, like witnessing a perfectly executed bicycle kick, but with numbers and math instead of soccer balls.

Cross-Disciplinary Interpretation:
Armed with our statistical revelations, we dared to venture into the hallowed halls of academia and the thunderous stadiums of football, where we sought wisdom from experts in consumer sciences and sporting enthusiasts alike. We engaged in spirited discussions, peppered with the occasional pun about penalties and p-values, to glean insights into the potential mechanisms underlying this fascinating relationship. Alas, the journey was not without its perils, as attempts to integrate consumer behavior theories with football tactics sometimes resulted in raised eyebrows and the occasional bemused chuckle.

Sensitivity Analyses:
In the midst of our whimsical expedition, we exercised due diligence by subjecting our findings to rigorous sensitivity analyses. We prodded and poked the data with the tenacity of an eager midfielder vying for possession, scrutinizing outliers and testing the robustness of our correlations. The results remained steadfast, reaffirming the unlikely kinship between consumer sciences degrees and the enduring presence of Mr. Fletcher on the football pitch.

Limitations:
As with any daring escapade, our expedition encountered its fair share of limitations. The constraints of data availability and the whims of statistical significance posed formidable challenges, compelling us to wield caution in our interpretations. Additionally, the inherent complexities of human decision-making and football club dynamics remind us that correlation does not necessarily imply causation, as correlation is a fickle muse, capricious and full of surprises.

In summary, the journey through the methodology of this study embodied the spirit of adventure and intellectual curiosity, as our scholarly sleuthing brough


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and Wikipedia .

For the time period 2012 to 2019, you found a correlation 0.8530798, r-squared of 0.7277451, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we boldly venture into the uncharted territory of consumer sciences and professional football to explore the perplexing correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons the legendary Darren Fletcher graced the pitch at Manchester United. Utilizing a delightful mix of data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the ever-reliable Wikipedia, we uncover a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2019.

As we delve into this peculiar relationship, we navigate through the aisles of consumer behavior, scrutinize the tactics of educational institutions, and even take a shot at deciphering the strategic maneuvers of the football world. The findings not only shed light on the intertwining of academic pursuits and sporting glory, but also serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of correlation studies. So, grab your jerseys and academic journals, and join us on this thrilling journey from the classroom to the football pitch, where numbers and games collide in the most unexpected of ways.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The intersection of academia and athletics has long been a subject of fascination, with researchers often venturing into uncharted territories to uncover surprising connections. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical exploration of the relationship between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher, the maestro of Manchester United's midfield, graced the hallowed grounds of Old Trafford.
As we dive into this unconventional pairing, we must tread carefully, as the world of consumer sciences and professional football may seem as distant as a perfectly executed through ball to an offside striker. Nevertheless, armed with statistical tools and a dash of whimsy, we aim to unravel the intriguing correlation that has captured our scholarly curiosity.
But first, let us pause to ponder the delightful juxtaposition of consumer sciences and the beautiful game. On one hand, we have the intricacies of consumer behavior, shopping patterns, and market trends – an academic landscape littered with data points and consumer preferences. On the other, the passionate realm of football, a terrain where gladiatorial combat plays out on a meticulously manicured field, and where the back of the net serves as the ultimate measure of success.
Yet, despite the apparent divide, we find ourselves drawn to the peculiar connection between these seemingly incongruous realms. So, together, let us venture into this enchanted realm of academia and athleticism, where the coupling of consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's footballing exploits might just provide us with a touch of scholarly entertainment.
Now, buckle up and get ready for a rollercoaster ride through the world of academia and sports – for as we unravel the mystery of these disparate entities, we may just uncover unexpected truths while having a jolly good time doing so.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

In our analysis of the relationship between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher spent at Manchester United, we uncovered a robust correlation coefficient of 0.8530798, indicating a strong positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This correlation was supported by an r-squared value of 0.7277451, reflecting the high degree of variation in Darren Fletcher's seasons that can be explained by the number of consumer sciences degrees awarded.

Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot illustrating the striking association between these variables. The plot, much like a perfectly executed free kick, highlights the impressive alignment of data points, demonstrating the compelling nature of this correlation.

It is worth noting that the statistical significance was pronounced, with a p-value of less than 0.01, further affirming the robustness of the relationship and extinguishing any doubts like a goalkeeper thwarting a well-directed shot on goal.

Our findings unveil an unexpected unity between the world of academic pursuits and the fervent arena of football, akin to uncovering a hidden pass in a crowded midfield. The synchrony between the two domains serves as a testament to the whimsical nature of scholarly inquiry, reminding us that correlations, much like the unexpected twists of a football match, can defy conventional expectations.

The compelling results we obtained through our analysis underscore the potential for surprising connections to emerge from disparate realms. As we reflect on this unusual correlation, we are reminded of the adage that in the realm of statistics, truth can often be stranger than fiction, much like the unpredictable bounces of a football on a rain-soaked pitch.

In summary, our investigation into the peculiar relationship between consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's seasons at Manchester United has not only yielded a remarkable correlation but has also provided a light-hearted yet thought-provoking journey through the intersection of academia and the world of sports. So, let us celebrate the unpredictability of correlations and the delightful surprises they bring, much like an unexpected goal in stoppage time.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we boldly venture into the uncharted territory of consumer sciences and professional football to explore the perplexing correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons the legendary Darren Fletcher graced the pitch at Manchester United. Utilizing a delightful mix of data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the ever-reliable Wikipedia, we uncover a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2019.

As we delve into this peculiar relationship, we navigate through the aisles of consumer behavior, scrutinize the tactics of educational institutions, and even take a shot at deciphering the strategic maneuvers of the football world. The findings not only shed light on the intertwining of academic pursuits and sporting glory, but also serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of correlation studies. So, grab your jerseys and academic journals, and join us on this thrilling journey from the classroom to the football pitch, where numbers and games collide in the most unexpected of ways.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Smith et al. (2015) investigate the socioeconomic factors influencing students' choice of major, drawing attention to the allure of consumer sciences in the contemporary educational landscape. Their work underscores the nuanced motivations that lead individuals to pursue degrees in consumer sciences, from the desire to understand consumer behavior to the aspiration of shaping market trends. Meanwhile, Doe and Jones (2018) delve into the impact of educational pursuits on career trajectories, highlighting the versatility and applicability of consumer sciences degrees in a variety of professional realms.
However, as we wade deeper into the sea of literature, we find ourselves encountering a peculiar mix of sources. "The Joy of Shopping: The Psychology of Consumer Behavior" by Lisa Thomas offers a captivating exploration of the intricate world of consumer choices and shopping paradigms, providing insights into the enigmatic allure of consumer sciences. In a similar vein, "The Art of Winning: Strategies for Success in Football" by John Kick reveals the strategic underpinnings of success in the footballing realm, painting a vivid picture of the maneuverings and tactics that define the beautiful game.
On a more whimsical note, our foray into fictional realms leads us to "The Consumer Conundrum: A Tale of Shopping and Serendipity" by Amy Novel and "The Midfield Maestro: A Footballing Saga" by Goalie Saver. While these literary works may not offer empirical insights, they certainly tickle our scholarly fancy with their imaginative blend of consumer quests and sporting exploits.
To further enrich our understanding of this enthralling subject, we pause to acknowledge the influence of cinema. "Shopaholic Showdown" and "Football Frenzy: The Darren Fletcher Story" take us on cinematic escapades where consumer culture meets the thrill of the football pitch. While these movies may not stand as authoritative research sources, they certainly contribute to the whimsical tapestry of our inquiry.
As we navigate through this eclectic array of literature, we find ourselves poised at the cusp of a scholarly adventure that intertwines academia and sports in the most unexpected of ways. So, dear reader, fasten your seatbelts and prepare for a delightful romp through the halls of consumer sciences and the illustrious fields of Manchester United, for in this journey, levity and enlightenment shall be our cherished companions.

[[RESULTS]]
In our analysis of the relationship between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher spent at Manchester United, we uncovered a robust correlation coefficient of 0.8530798, indicating a strong positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This correlation was supported by an r-squared value of 0.7277451, reflecting the high degree of variation in Darren Fletcher's seasons that can be explained by the number of consumer sciences degrees awarded.
Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot illustrating the striking association between these variables. The plot, much like a perfectly executed free kick, highlights the impressive alignment of data points, demonstrating the compelling nature of this correlation.
It is worth noting that the statistical significance was pronounced, with a p-value of less than 0.01, further affirming the robustness of the relationship and extinguishing any doubts like a goalkeeper thwarting a well-directed shot on goal.
Our findings unveil an unexpected unity between the world of academic pursuits and the fervent arena of football, akin to uncovering a hidden pass in a crowded midfield. The synchrony between the two domains serves as a testament to the whimsical nature of scholarly inquiry, reminding us that correlations, much like the unexpected twists of a football match, can defy conventional expectations.
The compelling results we obtained through our analysis underscore the potential for surprising connections to emerge from disparate realms. As we reflect on this unusual correlation, we are reminded of the adage that in the realm of statistics, truth can often be stranger than fiction, much like the unpredictable bounces of a football on a rain-soaked pitch.
In summary, our investigation into the peculiar relationship between consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's seasons at Manchester United has not only yielded a remarkable correlation but has also provided a light-hearted yet thought-provoking journey through the intersection of academia and the world of sports. So, let us celebrate the unpredictability of correlations and the delightful surprises they bring, much like an unexpected goal in stoppage time.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The findings of our research boldly unravel a correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher graced the illustrious fields of Manchester United. Our results not only met, but wildly exceeded our expectations, akin to a football team unexpectedly clinching a championship. We must, however, tread carefully, lest we tumble into pitfalls like an overzealous striker attempting an audacious bicycle kick.

As we delve into the curious labyrinth of literature that inspired our exploration, we pause to marvel at the serious levity with which we approach our whimsical journey. The socioeconomic factors highlighted by Smith et al. (2015) gently nudge us to reflect upon the societal undercurrents that drive academic pursuits, much like the subtle maneuvers of a midfielder orchestrating a play on the field. Doe and Jones (2018) remind us of the versatility and applicability of consumer sciences degrees, akin to the adaptability of a player who seamlessly transitions through different positions on the pitch.

Strikingly, the whimsical mix of sources encountered in our literature review, much like a surprising footwork by a footballer, captures the enigmatic allure of consumer sciences and the magnetic charisma of the football world. The captivating blend of consumer quests and sporting exploits in fictional works such as "The Consumer Conundrum" and "The Midfield Maestro" serves as a whimsical reminder of the multifaceted nature of our scholarly pursuits.

Now, as we turn our attention to the results of our inquiry, our data echoes the melodic rhythm of a perfectly orchestrated symphony, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 solidifying the unexpected link between consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's seasons at Manchester United. This robust relationship is further supported by an r-squared value of 0.7277451, indicative of a high degree of variation explained by the number of consumer sciences degrees awarded.

The statistical significance of our findings, with a p-value of less than 0.01, stands as a triumph akin to a triumphant goal, exemplifying the strength and conviction of this correlation. Our analysis, much like the relentless determination of a team vying for victory, leaves no room for doubt, underscoring the substantial nature of this connection.

In reflecting upon the unexpected unity between academia and sports that our research puts forth, we are reminded of the delightful unpredictability of correlations. The delightful surprises brought forth by our investigation, much like the unpredicted twists of a thrilling football match, serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of scholarly inquiry. Through the lighthearted lens of our journey, we celebrate the capricious nature of correlations and the fascinating revelations they unfurl, akin to the joyous uproar sparked by an unexpected goal in stoppage time.

In this scholarly exploration that intertwines the realms of academic pursuits and the fervent arena of football, our results not only validate, but elevate the enigmatic connection between consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's seasons at Manchester United. Much like a perfectly executed play on the field, this correlation stands as a testament to the serendipitous wonders that emerge from our scholarly pursuits. So, let us bask in the delightful astonishment brought forth by our research, for in this improbable intersection of academia and sports, truth is, indeed, stranger than fiction, much like the mesmerizing unpredictability of a football match.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this paper, we boldly venture into the uncharted territory of consumer sciences and professional football to explore the perplexing correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons the legendary Darren Fletcher graced the pitch at Manchester United. Utilizing a delightful mix of data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the ever-reliable Wikipedia, we uncover a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2019.

As we delve into this peculiar relationship, we navigate through the aisles of consumer behavior, scrutinize the tactics of educational institutions, and even take a shot at deciphering the strategic maneuvers of the football world. The findings not only shed light on the intertwining of academic pursuits and sporting glory, but also serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of correlation studies. So, grab your jerseys and academic journals, and join us on this thrilling journey from the classroom to the football pitch, where numbers and games collide in the most unexpected of ways.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The intersection of academia and athletics has long been a subject of fascination, with researchers often venturing into uncharted territories to uncover surprising connections. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical exploration of the relationship between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher, the maestro of Manchester United's midfield, graced the hallowed grounds of Old Trafford.
As we dive into this unconventional pairing, we must tread carefully, as the world of consumer sciences and professional football may seem as distant as a perfectly executed through ball to an offside striker. Nevertheless, armed with statistical tools and a dash of whimsy, we aim to unravel the intriguing correlation that has captured our scholarly curiosity.
But first, let us pause to ponder the delightful juxtaposition of consumer sciences and the beautiful game. On one hand, we have the intricacies of consumer behavior, shopping patterns, and market trends – an academic landscape littered with data points and consumer preferences. On the other, the passionate realm of football, a terrain where gladiatorial combat plays out on a meticulously manicured field, and where the back of the net serves as the ultimate measure of success.
Yet, despite the apparent divide, we find ourselves drawn to the peculiar connection between these seemingly incongruous realms. So, together, let us venture into this enchanted realm of academia and athleticism, where the coupling of consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's footballing exploits might just provide us with a touch of scholarly entertainment.
Now, buckle up and get ready for a rollercoaster ride through the world of academia and sports – for as we unravel the mystery of these disparate entities, we may just uncover unexpected truths while having a jolly good time doing so.

[[RESULTS]]
In our analysis of the relationship between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons Darren Fletcher spent at Manchester United, we uncovered a robust correlation coefficient of 0.8530798, indicating a strong positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This correlation was supported by an r-squared value of 0.7277451, reflecting the high degree of variation in Darren Fletcher's seasons that can be explained by the number of consumer sciences degrees awarded.
Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot illustrating the striking association between these variables. The plot, much like a perfectly executed free kick, highlights the impressive alignment of data points, demonstrating the compelling nature of this correlation.
It is worth noting that the statistical significance was pronounced, with a p-value of less than 0.01, further affirming the robustness of the relationship and extinguishing any doubts like a goalkeeper thwarting a well-directed shot on goal.
Our findings unveil an unexpected unity between the world of academic pursuits and the fervent arena of football, akin to uncovering a hidden pass in a crowded midfield. The synchrony between the two domains serves as a testament to the whimsical nature of scholarly inquiry, reminding us that correlations, much like the unexpected twists of a football match, can defy conventional expectations.
The compelling results we obtained through our analysis underscore the potential for surprising connections to emerge from disparate realms. As we reflect on this unusual correlation, we are reminded of the adage that in the realm of statistics, truth can often be stranger than fiction, much like the unpredictable bounces of a football on a rain-soaked pitch.
In summary, our investigation into the peculiar relationship between consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's seasons at Manchester United has not only yielded a remarkable correlation but has also provided a light-hearted yet thought-provoking journey through the intersection of academia and the world of sports. So, let us celebrate the unpredictability of correlations and the delightful surprises they bring, much like an unexpected goal in stoppage time.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

Conclusion

As we draw the curtains on our enchanting exploration of the whimsical relationship between consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's seasons at Manchester United, we find ourselves in awe of the unexpected bond that has unfolded before our scholarly eyes. The robust correlation coefficient of 0.8530798, akin to the pinpoint accuracy of a well-struck corner kick, emphasized the remarkable connection between these seemingly incongruous entities. The statistical significance, with a p-value of less than 0.01, further solidified this unorthodox alliance, leaving no room for skepticism – just like a confident penalty kick finding the back of the net.

Our findings highlight the uncharted potential for surprising connections to emerge from the most unlikely of places, serving as a delightful reminder that in the realm of academia and athletics, truth can often be stranger than fiction. So, as we bid adieu to this exhilarating journey through the hallowed halls of academia and the lively fields of football, let us not forget the sheer joy of unearthing unexpected correlations and the lighthearted amusement they bring, much like an impromptu streaker interrupting a match.

In conclusion, the unprecedented convergence of consumer sciences degrees and Darren Fletcher's seasons at Manchester United has provided us with a delightful fusion of scholarly intrigue and sporting charm. With that said, it is a truth universally acknowledged, that no further research in this particular, peculiar correlation is needed. We'll leave the field open for other wacky correlations to take the spotlight!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Consumer Behavior Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Applied Consumer Research and Sports Analytics


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Blend, Shop, Score: Unraveling the Ties Between Consumer Sciences Degrees and Darren Fletcher's Seasons at Manchester United with an abstract of In this paper, we boldly venture into the uncharted territory of consumer sciences and professional football to explore the perplexing correlation between the number of Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences and the total seasons the legendary Darren Fletcher graced the pitch at Manchester United. Utilizing a delightful mix of data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the ever-reliable Wikipedia, we uncover a correlation coefficient of 0.8530798 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2019.
As we delve into this peculiar relationship, we navigate through the aisles of consumer behavior, scrutinize the tactics of educational institutions, and even take a shot at deciphering the strategic maneuvers of the football world. The findings not only shed light on the intertwining of academic pursuits and sporting glory, but also serve as a testament to the whimsical nature of correlation studies. So, grab your jerseys and academic journals, and join us on this thrilling journey from the classroom to the football pitch, where numbers and games collide in the most unexpected of ways.

ChatGPT:

consumer sciences, professional football, correlation, Bachelor's degrees, National Center for Education Statistics, Darren Fletcher, Manchester United, consumer behavior, educational institutions, correlation coefficient, sporting glory, academic pursuits, football pitch, correlation studies

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences
Detailed data title: Bachelor's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions, in field of study: Family and consumer sciences/human sciences
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
See what else correlates with Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences

Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United

Correlation r = 0.8530798 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.7277451 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 72.8% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences) over the 8 years from 2012 through 2019.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 0.00708. 0.0070804224284410750000000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.85 in 0.708% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 141 random variables Which I absolutely did.
with the same 7 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 7 because we have two variables measured over a period of 8 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.37, 0.97 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20122013201420152016201720182019
Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences (Degrees awarded)2344123930246892458425389250802435723956
Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United (Matches)1010181542402913




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Very low n: There are not many data points included in this analysis. Even if the p-value is high, we should be suspicious of using so few datapoints in a correlation.
  5. Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
    Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([23441,23930,24689,24584,25389,25080,24357,23956,])
array_2 = np.array([10,10,18,15,42,40,29,13,])
array_1_name = "Bachelor's degrees awarded in consumer sciences"
array_2_name = "Total seasons Darren Fletcher played for Manchester United"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 4148 · Black Variable ID: 1276 · Red Variable ID: 305
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