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Spurious correlation #4,119 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the second variable is The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware.  The chart goes from 2006 to 2018, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final increases, so does the level of excitement among fans. This heightened state of excitement leads to a sudden urge to hit the slopes, even in a state like Delaware. As more people inexplicably take up skiing and snowboarding, the demand for lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware skyrockets. Who knew that a rugby tournament in the UK could have such a snowball effect on winter sports safety in a small East Coast state?

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [Realistic] An image of a packed stadium filled with cheering fans as the Anglo-Welsh Cup final reaches a climax. The winning team is visibly celebrating on the field, with fans erupting into a frenzy of excitement. Meanwhile, in a snow-covered landscape in Delaware, the hills are crowded with skiers and snowboarders. Ski patrol and lifeguards are shown responding to the sudden surge of winter sports enthusiasts, creating a sense of unexpected but necessary activity. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Scalar art A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s Cyber folk Realistic A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s
ChatGPT: Realistic

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware, in the following situation: As the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final increases, so does the level of excitement among fans. This heightened state of excitement leads to a sudden urge to hit the slopes, even in a state like Delaware. As more people inexplicably take up skiing and snowboarding, the demand for lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware skyrockets. Who knew that a rugby tournament in the UK could have such a snowball effect on winter sports safety in a small East Coast state? . Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: As the Anglo-Welsh Cup final reaches a nail-biting climax, the winning team gains a significant lead, sending the fans into a frenzy. Meanwhile, in Delaware, the slopes become crowded as a sudden surge of skiers and snowboarders take to the snow-covered hills. The influx of winter sports enthusiasts leads to an unprecedented demand for lifeguards and ski patrol in the state, creating an unexpected but necessary response to the newfound excitement.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Realistic ] and depicting this scene: As the Anglo-Welsh Cup final reaches a nail-biting climax, the winning team gains a significant lead, sending the fans into a frenzy. Meanwhile, in Delaware, the slopes become crowded as a sudden surge of skiers and snowboarders take to the snow-covered hills. The influx of winter sports enthusiasts leads to an unprecedented demand for lifeguards and ski patrol in the state, creating an unexpected but necessary response to the newfound excitement. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [Realistic] An image of a packed stadium filled with cheering fans as the Anglo-Welsh Cup final reaches a climax. The winning team is visibly celebrating on the field, with fans erupting into a frenzy of excitement. Meanwhile, in a snow-covered landscape in Delaware, the hills are crowded with skiers and snowboarders. Ski patrol and lifeguards are shown responding to the sudden surge of winter sports enthusiasts, creating a sense of unexpected but necessary activity.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how increases in Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final positively influenced The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware.\Make it sound serious until the end.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware

The Journal of Quirky Sports Science

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, just make it sound clever.

Your research team used data from Wikipedia and Bureau of Larbor Statistics to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 and p < 0.01 for 2006 to 2018.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we tackled the pressing question of whether the outcome of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final can be linked to the quantity of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. We utilized data from reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to analyze the connection between these seemingly disparate factors. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 2006 to 2018.

It appears that the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware do indeed dance a synchronized routine, much like synchronized swimming—something seems afoot! These results may leave many scratching their heads like they do a stubborn itch, but the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light. This new revelation may prompt us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. And who knows, perhaps it will inspire a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we tackled the pressing question of whether the outcome of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final can be linked to the quantity of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. We utilized data from reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to analyze the connection between these seemingly disparate factors. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 2006 to 2018.

It appears that the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware do indeed dance a synchronized routine, much like synchronized swimming—something seems afoot! These results may leave many scratching their heads like they do a stubborn itch, but the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light. This new revelation may prompt us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. And who knows, perhaps it will inspire a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

Sports outcomes and public safety measures may seem like the odd couple, much like a lifeguard and a ski patrol member discussing the weather—unlikely bedfellows. However, in our quest to uncover the unexpected connections in the world, we sought to examine the potential relationship between the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in the state of Delaware. As researchers, we frequently find ourselves swimming against the current, but we were determined to dive headfirst into this curious inquiry.

But first, let's wade into the world of sports and public safety. Much like a lifeguard scanning the pool, we meticulously scoured the data from the Anglo-Welsh Cup finals and the employment statistics of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. The results were as revealing as a lifeguard's whistle—surprisingly loud and attention-grabbing. Our analysis unveiled a connection that was as clear as a lifeguard's instruction to "walk, don't run," demonstrating a strong correlation between the two seemingly unrelated variables.

In our investigation, we observed a correlation coefficient that would make any mathematician pause and take note, much like finding a seagull in the ski lodge—a curious sight indeed. With a statistically significant p-value, our findings sent shockwaves through the academic community, much like a diver making a splash at the Olympics. This unexpected connection between sports events and public safety personnel has the potential to revolutionize our approach to both game-day strategies and safety protocols, which is nothing to wave off like a lifeguard signaling to "move closer to shore."

It is clear that the waves of data have brought a new tide of understanding, challenging traditional boundaries between sports and safety. As we unravel the intricacies of this correlation, we invite readers to embark on this journey with us, exploring the uncharted waters of statistical relationships and the unexpected intersections between seemingly disparate domains. Our findings may just inspire a whole new wave of inquiry and analysis in fields that were previously thought to be as distant as land and sea or skiers and lifeguards.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Perhaps you also got inspiration from some board games that are vaugely related.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we tackled the pressing question of whether the outcome of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final can be linked to the quantity of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. We utilized data from reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to analyze the connection between these seemingly disparate factors. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 2006 to 2018.

It appears that the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware do indeed dance a synchronized routine, much like synchronized swimming—something seems afoot! These results may leave many scratching their heads like they do a stubborn itch, but the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light. This new revelation may prompt us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. And who knows, perhaps it will inspire a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Sports outcomes and public safety measures may seem like the odd couple, much like a lifeguard and a ski patrol member discussing the weather—unlikely bedfellows. However, in our quest to uncover the unexpected connections in the world, we sought to examine the potential relationship between the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in the state of Delaware. As researchers, we frequently find ourselves swimming against the current, but we were determined to dive headfirst into this curious inquiry.
But first, let's wade into the world of sports and public safety. Much like a lifeguard scanning the pool, we meticulously scoured the data from the Anglo-Welsh Cup finals and the employment statistics of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. The results were as revealing as a lifeguard's whistle—surprisingly loud and attention-grabbing. Our analysis unveiled a connection that was as clear as a lifeguard's instruction to "walk, don't run," demonstrating a strong correlation between the two seemingly unrelated variables.
In our investigation, we observed a correlation coefficient that would make any mathematician pause and take note, much like finding a seagull in the ski lodge—a curious sight indeed. With a statistically significant p-value, our findings sent shockwaves through the academic community, much like a diver making a splash at the Olympics. This unexpected connection between sports events and public safety personnel has the potential to revolutionize our approach to both game-day strategies and safety protocols, which is nothing to wave off like a lifeguard signaling to "move closer to shore."
It is clear that the waves of data have brought a new tide of understanding, challenging traditional boundaries between sports and safety. As we unravel the intricacies of this correlation, we invite readers to embark on this journey with us, exploring the uncharted waters of statistical relationships and the unexpected intersections between seemingly disparate domains. Our findings may just inspire a whole new wave of inquiry and analysis in fields that were previously thought to be as distant as land and sea or skiers and lifeguards.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "Smith et al. (2015)," the authors find a connection between sports event outcomes and public safety measures, shedding light on the intertwined nature of seemingly unrelated domains. The study examines the implications of lifeguards and ski patrol members on the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials, challenging traditional assumptions and surfacing unexpected correlations.

Now, let's dive into the deep waters of literature where sports, safety, and unexpected connections converge, much like a lifeguard training session turning into a game of beach volleyball.

In the book "The Lifeguard" by Deborah Blumenthal, we can't help but wonder if the protagonist's vigilant watch over swimmers mirrors the profound influence of lifeguards on sports outcomes. Who knew that the lifeguard's chair held such symbolic significance?

Continuing our exploration, "Ski Patrol" by William E. Butterworth IV captures the daring escapades of ski patrollers braving the snowy slopes. Could these daring feats hold the key to understanding the mysterious correlation between ski patrol numbers and the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials? It's a slope-sweeping mystery waiting to be unraveled.

Taking a playful leap, one might expect the board game "Risk" to pop up in unexpected places, much like lifeguards in a landlocked state. After all, when it comes to analyzing correlations, one must be willing to take calculated risks, much like a lifeguard daring to venture into deep waters to save a stranded beach ball.

Speaking of beach balls, why did the lifeguard kick the elephants out of the pool? They kept dropping their trunks! As we navigate the currents of literature on lifeguard and ski patrol culture, a lighthearted joke reminds us that even the most serious subjects can benefit from a touch of humor.

In the game of statistics and sports, it seems that unexpected correlations can surface in the most unlikely places, much like a lifeguard rescuing a beachgoer from a kiddie pool. After all, who would have thought that the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials and lifeguard/ski patrol numbers in Delaware would be engaged in such an intricate tango?

Speaking of unlikely dance partners, we are reminded of the lifeguard who was fired for getting a little too involved in "pool dancing." Whether on the beach or the snowy peaks, it's clear that lifeguards and ski patrol members play a crucial role in ensuring safety and, as it turns out, might just hold the key to unraveling the enigmatic connection to sports outcomes.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Wikipedia and Bureau of Larbor Statistics . You used data from 2006 to 2018

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we tackled the pressing question of whether the outcome of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final can be linked to the quantity of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. We utilized data from reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to analyze the connection between these seemingly disparate factors. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 2006 to 2018.

It appears that the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware do indeed dance a synchronized routine, much like synchronized swimming—something seems afoot! These results may leave many scratching their heads like they do a stubborn itch, but the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light. This new revelation may prompt us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. And who knows, perhaps it will inspire a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
Sports outcomes and public safety measures may seem like the odd couple, much like a lifeguard and a ski patrol member discussing the weather—unlikely bedfellows. However, in our quest to uncover the unexpected connections in the world, we sought to examine the potential relationship between the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in the state of Delaware. As researchers, we frequently find ourselves swimming against the current, but we were determined to dive headfirst into this curious inquiry.
But first, let's wade into the world of sports and public safety. Much like a lifeguard scanning the pool, we meticulously scoured the data from the Anglo-Welsh Cup finals and the employment statistics of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. The results were as revealing as a lifeguard's whistle—surprisingly loud and attention-grabbing. Our analysis unveiled a connection that was as clear as a lifeguard's instruction to "walk, don't run," demonstrating a strong correlation between the two seemingly unrelated variables.
In our investigation, we observed a correlation coefficient that would make any mathematician pause and take note, much like finding a seagull in the ski lodge—a curious sight indeed. With a statistically significant p-value, our findings sent shockwaves through the academic community, much like a diver making a splash at the Olympics. This unexpected connection between sports events and public safety personnel has the potential to revolutionize our approach to both game-day strategies and safety protocols, which is nothing to wave off like a lifeguard signaling to "move closer to shore."
It is clear that the waves of data have brought a new tide of understanding, challenging traditional boundaries between sports and safety. As we unravel the intricacies of this correlation, we invite readers to embark on this journey with us, exploring the uncharted waters of statistical relationships and the unexpected intersections between seemingly disparate domains. Our findings may just inspire a whole new wave of inquiry and analysis in fields that were previously thought to be as distant as land and sea or skiers and lifeguards.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To investigate the potential linkage between the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware, our research team employed a methodological approach as intricate as a lifeguard's rope rescue demonstration. We scoured the vast expanse of the digital oceans, trawling through reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to obtain the necessary data spanning from 2006 to 2018. Like a lifeguard scanning the horizon for potential hazards, we meticulously compiled and verified the information pertaining to the Anglo-Welsh Cup final outcomes, lifeguard employment figures, and ski patrol statistics.

To ensure the accuracy and reliability of our dataset, our approach involved employing an algorithm as finely tuned as a ski patrol's grooming of the slopes, utilizing data aggregation and filtering techniques to eliminate any outliers or erroneous entries. We implemented statistical software that could visualize the data relationships with precision, akin to the calculated movements of synchronized swimmers, allowing us to discern any patterns or correlations that may have otherwise remained submerged.

Employing a multi-faceted statistical analysis approach resembling the coordinated efforts of a lifeguard and a ski patrol member in a mountain rescue operation, we calculated correlation coefficients and performed regression analyses to establish the strength and direction of the relationship between the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials and the numbers of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. This approach allowed us to navigate the statistical terrain with precision, much like a lifeguard guiding swimmers through a rip current, offering insights into the potential impact of public safety personnel on sports outcomes that are as intriguing as a sandcastle competition on the beach.

Furthermore, to address potential confounding variables and ensure the robustness of our findings, we conducted sensitivity analyses and cross-validated the results, similar to a lifeguard ensuring that multiple safety measures are in place before a diving competition. Through this comprehensive methodology, we aimed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between sports events and the presence of lifeguards and ski patrol members, shedding light on a connection as unexpected as a beach ball in a ski chalet.

In summary, our methodological framework represents a meticulous and rigorous approach to exploring the correlation between the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differential and the numbers of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. By navigating through the seas of data and employing rigorous statistical techniques, we aimed to surf the waves of unsuspected connections between seemingly disparate domains, ultimately uncovering the intriguing relationship between sporting outcomes and beachside and mountainside safety measures.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Wikipedia and Bureau of Larbor Statistics .

For the time period 2006 to 2018, you found a correlation 0.8864549, r-squared of 0.7858023, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we tackled the pressing question of whether the outcome of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final can be linked to the quantity of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. We utilized data from reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to analyze the connection between these seemingly disparate factors. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 2006 to 2018.

It appears that the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware do indeed dance a synchronized routine, much like synchronized swimming—something seems afoot! These results may leave many scratching their heads like they do a stubborn itch, but the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light. This new revelation may prompt us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. And who knows, perhaps it will inspire a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Sports outcomes and public safety measures may seem like the odd couple, much like a lifeguard and a ski patrol member discussing the weather—unlikely bedfellows. However, in our quest to uncover the unexpected connections in the world, we sought to examine the potential relationship between the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in the state of Delaware. As researchers, we frequently find ourselves swimming against the current, but we were determined to dive headfirst into this curious inquiry.
But first, let's wade into the world of sports and public safety. Much like a lifeguard scanning the pool, we meticulously scoured the data from the Anglo-Welsh Cup finals and the employment statistics of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. The results were as revealing as a lifeguard's whistle—surprisingly loud and attention-grabbing. Our analysis unveiled a connection that was as clear as a lifeguard's instruction to "walk, don't run," demonstrating a strong correlation between the two seemingly unrelated variables.
In our investigation, we observed a correlation coefficient that would make any mathematician pause and take note, much like finding a seagull in the ski lodge—a curious sight indeed. With a statistically significant p-value, our findings sent shockwaves through the academic community, much like a diver making a splash at the Olympics. This unexpected connection between sports events and public safety personnel has the potential to revolutionize our approach to both game-day strategies and safety protocols, which is nothing to wave off like a lifeguard signaling to "move closer to shore."
It is clear that the waves of data have brought a new tide of understanding, challenging traditional boundaries between sports and safety. As we unravel the intricacies of this correlation, we invite readers to embark on this journey with us, exploring the uncharted waters of statistical relationships and the unexpected intersections between seemingly disparate domains. Our findings may just inspire a whole new wave of inquiry and analysis in fields that were previously thought to be as distant as land and sea or skiers and lifeguards.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

We found a positive and remarkably robust correlation between the score differentials of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware over the period of 2006 to 2018, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8864549. This correlation was supported by an r-squared value of 0.7858023, and the statistical significance was confirmed with a p-value of less than 0.01, leaving no room for statistical buoys.

The strong connection we uncovered may cause one to exclaim, "What in tarnation does a rugby competition have to do with lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware?" Well, it seems that the relationship is as palpable as the feeling of sand in your swim trunks after a day at the beach.

Fig. 1 illustrates the rather surprising correlation between the two variables, with score differentials on the x-axis and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware on the y-axis. It's as clear as the ocean on a sunny day—these variables are more entwined than a lifeguard's whistle in a game of beach volleyball.

Now, before you start feeling "tide" down by this unexpected discovery, consider this: Our findings may just be the tip of the iceberg, suggesting that there may be more hidden correlations lurking beneath the waves of data. We splashed into uncharted statistical waters and emerged with a breakthrough that challenges the traditional perceptions of sports events and public safety personnel.

This revelation may prompt us to rethink our beach and mountain safety protocols. Who knows, it might even lead to a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter. After all, this study shows that in the game of statistics, even the most unlikely pairs can end up scoring big!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we tackled the pressing question of whether the outcome of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final can be linked to the quantity of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. We utilized data from reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to analyze the connection between these seemingly disparate factors. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 2006 to 2018.

It appears that the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware do indeed dance a synchronized routine, much like synchronized swimming—something seems afoot! These results may leave many scratching their heads like they do a stubborn itch, but the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light. This new revelation may prompt us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. And who knows, perhaps it will inspire a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "Smith et al. (2015)," the authors find a connection between sports event outcomes and public safety measures, shedding light on the intertwined nature of seemingly unrelated domains. The study examines the implications of lifeguards and ski patrol members on the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials, challenging traditional assumptions and surfacing unexpected correlations.
Now, let's dive into the deep waters of literature where sports, safety, and unexpected connections converge, much like a lifeguard training session turning into a game of beach volleyball.
In the book "The Lifeguard" by Deborah Blumenthal, we can't help but wonder if the protagonist's vigilant watch over swimmers mirrors the profound influence of lifeguards on sports outcomes. Who knew that the lifeguard's chair held such symbolic significance?
Continuing our exploration, "Ski Patrol" by William E. Butterworth IV captures the daring escapades of ski patrollers braving the snowy slopes. Could these daring feats hold the key to understanding the mysterious correlation between ski patrol numbers and the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials? It's a slope-sweeping mystery waiting to be unraveled.
Taking a playful leap, one might expect the board game "Risk" to pop up in unexpected places, much like lifeguards in a landlocked state. After all, when it comes to analyzing correlations, one must be willing to take calculated risks, much like a lifeguard daring to venture into deep waters to save a stranded beach ball.
Speaking of beach balls, why did the lifeguard kick the elephants out of the pool? They kept dropping their trunks! As we navigate the currents of literature on lifeguard and ski patrol culture, a lighthearted joke reminds us that even the most serious subjects can benefit from a touch of humor.
In the game of statistics and sports, it seems that unexpected correlations can surface in the most unlikely places, much like a lifeguard rescuing a beachgoer from a kiddie pool. After all, who would have thought that the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials and lifeguard/ski patrol numbers in Delaware would be engaged in such an intricate tango?
Speaking of unlikely dance partners, we are reminded of the lifeguard who was fired for getting a little too involved in "pool dancing." Whether on the beach or the snowy peaks, it's clear that lifeguards and ski patrol members play a crucial role in ensuring safety and, as it turns out, might just hold the key to unraveling the enigmatic connection to sports outcomes.

[[RESULTS]]
We found a positive and remarkably robust correlation between the score differentials of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware over the period of 2006 to 2018, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8864549. This correlation was supported by an r-squared value of 0.7858023, and the statistical significance was confirmed with a p-value of less than 0.01, leaving no room for statistical buoys.
The strong connection we uncovered may cause one to exclaim, "What in tarnation does a rugby competition have to do with lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware?" Well, it seems that the relationship is as palpable as the feeling of sand in your swim trunks after a day at the beach.
Fig. 1 illustrates the rather surprising correlation between the two variables, with score differentials on the x-axis and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware on the y-axis. It's as clear as the ocean on a sunny day—these variables are more entwined than a lifeguard's whistle in a game of beach volleyball.
Now, before you start feeling "tide" down by this unexpected discovery, consider this: Our findings may just be the tip of the iceberg, suggesting that there may be more hidden correlations lurking beneath the waves of data. We splashed into uncharted statistical waters and emerged with a breakthrough that challenges the traditional perceptions of sports events and public safety personnel.
This revelation may prompt us to rethink our beach and mountain safety protocols. Who knows, it might even lead to a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter. After all, this study shows that in the game of statistics, even the most unlikely pairs can end up scoring big!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our results demonstrate a strong and statistically significant correlation between the score differentials of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware, which echoes the findings of Smith et al. (2015). This unexpected relationship between sporting events and public safety personnel challenges conventional wisdom, much like a lifeguard facing a rip current and deciding to swim against the tide. The correlation coefficient of 0.8864549, supported by an r-squared value of 0.7858023, reinforces the robustness of this connection, akin to the resilience of a well-built sandcastle.

Our endeavor to untangle this web of apparent incongruities has led to a revelation that may leave many scratching their heads, much like trying to understand why the lifeguard was fired for getting too involved in "pool dancing" when he was just trying to keep spirits afloat. However, the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light, resembling the sudden realization that a lifeguard's "stand-ready" posture might just mirror the vigilance required to secure sporting victories.

The unexpected correlations unfolding in our study parallel the unexpected appearance of lifeguards in a landlocked state like Delaware, emphasizing the need for a bold and calculated risk, much like the daring feats portrayed in "Ski Patrol" by William E. Butterworth IV. This study encourages us to consider the influence of lifeguards and ski patrol members not merely as safety preservers but as potential game-changers in the sphere of sports outcomes, much like a cleverly executed water rescue.

The correlation uncovered in this study presents a ripple effect, prompting us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. The suggestion that the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware may impact the outcome of a rugby competition emphasizes the immersive nature of data analysis, unearthing correlations akin to a treasure hunt in the data seas. Who knew that amidst the waves of seemingly disparate data, a confluence of factors as peculiar as this could emerge, much like a lifeguard rescuing a beach ball stuck in the rocks?

Our findings emphasize the intricate tango of variables in the realm of sports outcomes and public safety, akin to the synchronized routine of swimmers performing at the highest level. These results prompt us to peer beneath the surface, much like a lifeguard scanning the water’s edge, uncovering hidden currents that challenge conventional wisdom. Our study illustrates that in the game of statistics, even the most unlikely pairs can end up scoring big, much like a rugby team executing a well-orchestrated play.

---

I love the dry wit in academic settings so much! Great job.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final and The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we tackled the pressing question of whether the outcome of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final can be linked to the quantity of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. We utilized data from reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to analyze the connection between these seemingly disparate factors. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 2006 to 2018.

It appears that the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware do indeed dance a synchronized routine, much like synchronized swimming—something seems afoot! These results may leave many scratching their heads like they do a stubborn itch, but the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light. This new revelation may prompt us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. And who knows, perhaps it will inspire a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Sports outcomes and public safety measures may seem like the odd couple, much like a lifeguard and a ski patrol member discussing the weather—unlikely bedfellows. However, in our quest to uncover the unexpected connections in the world, we sought to examine the potential relationship between the Anglo-Welsh Cup final score differentials and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in the state of Delaware. As researchers, we frequently find ourselves swimming against the current, but we were determined to dive headfirst into this curious inquiry.
But first, let's wade into the world of sports and public safety. Much like a lifeguard scanning the pool, we meticulously scoured the data from the Anglo-Welsh Cup finals and the employment statistics of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. The results were as revealing as a lifeguard's whistle—surprisingly loud and attention-grabbing. Our analysis unveiled a connection that was as clear as a lifeguard's instruction to "walk, don't run," demonstrating a strong correlation between the two seemingly unrelated variables.
In our investigation, we observed a correlation coefficient that would make any mathematician pause and take note, much like finding a seagull in the ski lodge—a curious sight indeed. With a statistically significant p-value, our findings sent shockwaves through the academic community, much like a diver making a splash at the Olympics. This unexpected connection between sports events and public safety personnel has the potential to revolutionize our approach to both game-day strategies and safety protocols, which is nothing to wave off like a lifeguard signaling to "move closer to shore."
It is clear that the waves of data have brought a new tide of understanding, challenging traditional boundaries between sports and safety. As we unravel the intricacies of this correlation, we invite readers to embark on this journey with us, exploring the uncharted waters of statistical relationships and the unexpected intersections between seemingly disparate domains. Our findings may just inspire a whole new wave of inquiry and analysis in fields that were previously thought to be as distant as land and sea or skiers and lifeguards.

[[RESULTS]]
We found a positive and remarkably robust correlation between the score differentials of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware over the period of 2006 to 2018, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8864549. This correlation was supported by an r-squared value of 0.7858023, and the statistical significance was confirmed with a p-value of less than 0.01, leaving no room for statistical buoys.
The strong connection we uncovered may cause one to exclaim, "What in tarnation does a rugby competition have to do with lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware?" Well, it seems that the relationship is as palpable as the feeling of sand in your swim trunks after a day at the beach.
Fig. 1 illustrates the rather surprising correlation between the two variables, with score differentials on the x-axis and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware on the y-axis. It's as clear as the ocean on a sunny day—these variables are more entwined than a lifeguard's whistle in a game of beach volleyball.
Now, before you start feeling "tide" down by this unexpected discovery, consider this: Our findings may just be the tip of the iceberg, suggesting that there may be more hidden correlations lurking beneath the waves of data. We splashed into uncharted statistical waters and emerged with a breakthrough that challenges the traditional perceptions of sports events and public safety personnel.
This revelation may prompt us to rethink our beach and mountain safety protocols. Who knows, it might even lead to a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter. After all, this study shows that in the game of statistics, even the most unlikely pairs can end up scoring big!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our research has brought to light an unexpected and undeniable correlation between the score differentials of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. The robust correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 has left us with no choice but to swim along with the current of this surprising statistical association.

It's as if the rugby scores and the safety personnel in Delaware are engaged in a synchronized game of beach volleyball, with one setting up the spike for the other, in a statistical sense, of course. It seems that the relationship between them runs deeper than the ocean, and it's certainly no fluke!

As we ponder the implications of our findings, we can't help but wonder if there's an unseen ocean of statistical connections waiting to be surfed upon. Our results may just be the tip of the iceberg, and who knows, diving deeper may reveal even more surprising associations, much like finding buried treasure where none was expected.

In light of these groundbreaking findings, it's clear that no further research is needed in this area. We've successfully uncovered a statistically significant connection that challenges traditional perceptions. So, let's set sail for new research horizons and leave this one to bask in the sun like a contented beachgoer. After all, we've already made quite a splash in the world of sporting theories and beachside banter, haven't we?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Quirky Sports Science


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Institute for Coastal Safety and Sporting Event Analysis


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Guarding Scores: A Dive into the Correlation Between Anglo-Welsh Cup Final Score Differential and Lifeguard/Ski Patrol Numbers in Delaware with an abstract of In this study, we tackled the pressing question of whether the outcome of the Anglo-Welsh Cup final can be linked to the quantity of lifeguards and ski patrol members in Delaware. We utilized data from reputable sources such as Wikipedia and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to analyze the connection between these seemingly disparate factors. Our findings revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8864549 with a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning from 2006 to 2018.
It appears that the score differential in the Anglo-Welsh Cup final and the number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware do indeed dance a synchronized routine, much like synchronized swimming—something seems afoot! These results may leave many scratching their heads like they do a stubborn itch, but the undeniable statistical association challenges us to consider the uncharted waters of sports outcomes and public safety personnel in a new light. This new revelation may prompt us to reconsider our beach and mountain safety protocols. And who knows, perhaps it will inspire a whole new wave of sporting theories and beachside banter.

ChatGPT:

Anglo-Welsh Cup, final score differential, lifeguards, ski patrol, Delaware, correlation, statistical analysis, sports outcomes, public safety, data analysis, synchronized routine, synchronized swimming, beach safety protocols, mountain safety protocols

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final

The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware
Detailed data title: BLS estimate of lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers in Delaware
Source: Bureau of Larbor Statistics
See what else correlates with The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware

Correlation r = 0.8864549 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.7858023 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 78.6% of the change in the one variable (i.e., The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final) over the 13 years from 2006 through 2018.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 5.4E-5. 0.0000542598460956255800000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.89 in 0.0054% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 18,430 random variables Which I absolutely did.
with the same 12 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 12 because we have two variables measured over a period of 13 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.66, 0.97 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
2006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018
Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final (Score difference)16617386271518730417
The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware (Laborers)340310360440330390340390330310340310330




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
    Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([16,6,17,38,6,27,15,18,7,3,0,4,17,])
array_2 = np.array([340,310,360,440,330,390,340,390,330,310,340,310,330,])
array_1_name = "Score differential in Anglo-Welsh Cup final"
array_2_name = "The number of lifeguards and ski patrol in Delaware"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 4119 · Black Variable ID: 386 · Red Variable ID: 17658
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