Spurious correlation #3,935 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Micah and the second variable is Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ). The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Micah and the second variable is Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ). The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As more and more babies were named Micah, there was a surge in demand for baby oil for all those baby massages. This led to an increase in the overall consumption of oil, including Canadian Natural Resources' products, driving up their stock price. Looks like Micah wasn't just an oil of joy for parents, but also for the Canadian natural resources market!

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Create an image with the style of a Polaroid photo that captures a vibrant city scene. In the foreground, a baby named Micah giggles in his stroller, surrounded by a group of smiling people. Nearby, a large graph on a billboard displays the rising stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). In the background, a line of people eagerly purchase microphones from a store with a sign reading "High Demand for Microphones". The atmosphere is alive with energy and enthusiasm. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Micah and Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' a Polaroid photo a funny image macro Cutsy graphics Oragami
ChatGPT: a Polaroid photo

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Micah and Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ), in the following situation: Because as the popularity of the first name Micah increased, so did the demand for microphones. This led to a surge in Canadian Natural Resources' stock price, as more people needed to communicate with each other about their investments, causing a "sound" investment to be in high demand.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling city, a baby named Micah giggles in his stroller as he's surrounded by a crowd of smiling people. Next to them, a large graph on a billboard shows the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ) rising steadily. In the background, a line of people are eagerly buying microphones, with a store sign reading "High Demand for Microphones".

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ a Polaroid photo ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling city, a baby named Micah giggles in his stroller as he's surrounded by a crowd of smiling people. Next to them, a large graph on a billboard shows the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ) rising steadily. In the background, a line of people are eagerly buying microphones, with a store sign reading "High Demand for Microphones". Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Create an image with the style of a Polaroid photo that captures a vibrant city scene. In the foreground, a baby named Micah giggles in his stroller, surrounded by a group of smiling people. Nearby, a large graph on a billboard displays the rising stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). In the background, a line of people eagerly purchase microphones from a store with a sign reading "High Demand for Microphones". The atmosphere is alive with energy and enthusiasm.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Popularity of the first name Micah caused Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ) to increase. Include one good pun.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection

Journal of Rhyming Resources

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Micah and Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection

[[ABSTRACT]]
This groundbreaking research investigates the surprising link between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). Leveraging data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study dives into the uncharted waters of nomenclature and financial markets. Interestingly, we uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 and p < 0.01 when examining the period from 2002 to 2022, shedding light on the niche yet significant influence of a name on stock prices.

In delving into the sea of data, we encountered some waves of astonishment as the name Micah's popularity chart rode alongside the turbulent peaks and troughs of CNQ's stock price. As we navigated the treacherous seas of statistical analysis, we couldn't help but contemplate if Micah's popularity could be a 'stock' indicator for CNQ.

Our findings prompt a reconsideration of the phrase "a rose by any other name," as it seems a Micah by any other name may be correlated with CNQ's stock price just the same. This study not only offers an invaluable insight into the interplay between personal names and financial markets but also inspires a wealth of dad jokes about "Micah managing" or "Micah moolah."

In conclusion, our analysis presents compelling evidence of a tantalizing relationship between the name Micah and CNQ's stock price, suggesting that perhaps there is more to a name than meets the eye—or should we say, the stock ticker symbol.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The link between personal names and their influence on various aspects of life has long fascinated researchers. From social dynamics to economic outcomes, the impact of names on individuals and broader societal phenomena has been a subject of both scholarly inquiry and light-hearted speculation. In this vein, the present study delves into the intriguing realm of nomenclature and financial markets, focusing specifically on the connection between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). As we embark on this exploration, it becomes apparent that this investigation is not just a matter of "nicknamed" data analysis but an endeavor to uncover the "micah-nisms" behind an unexpected correlation.
The parallel drawn between personal names and stock prices might initially strike some as an exercise in whimsy. After all, connecting the popularity of a name with the fluctuations of a Fortune 500 company's stock would seem to stretch the limits of financial analysis. Yet, as we peel back the layers of data, we find ourselves navigating uncharted waters—and not just because Micah means "who is like God" in Hebrew. Jokes aside, the correlation between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price sparks curiosity and sets the stage for a pun-filled yet thought-provoking exploration of the interplay between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
It is worth noting that our study does not seek to cast aspersions or make assumptions about the causality between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price. Instead, what we hope to uncover are the correlations that exist—much like a treasure waiting to be brought to the "micah-nic" surface. By analyzing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, we have unearthed compelling evidence that underscores the unexpected dance between nomenclature and financial markets.
Now, it's time to address the elephant in the room—or should I say, the 'micah' in the room? While we approach our analysis with rigor and academic integrity, we can't resist the temptation to infuse a touch of quirkiness into this seemingly unconventional research terrain. As we prepare to dive into the depths of our findings, it's important to remember that while they may seem 'un-Micah-y' at first glance, they hold promising implications for our understanding of the holistic influencers of stock prices.
In the spirit of our investigation—and to provide a much-needed infusion of levity to this academic discourse—it's only fitting to interject with a well-timed dad joke to maintain scholarly balance. Why did the stock trader name their son Micah? Because they were hoping he'd bring in "CNQ" (see 'sea-n queue' for the 'NYSE' of humor). Thank you, thank you—I'll be here all day, folks. But in all seriousness, our pursuit of knowledge in this domain holds potential for significant insights and perhaps even a chuckle or two along the way. So let's proceed to unravel the peculiar link between Micah's moniker and CNQ's market movements.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The relationship between personal names and economic indicators has been a subject of interest to researchers across various fields. Smith et al. (2010) found correlations between baby name trends and economic conditions, while Doe (2015) examined the impact of naming conventions on consumer behavior. However, the intersection of a specific name's popularity and its potential influence on stock prices remains a relatively underexplored area of study.

Turning to the realm of financial literature, Jones (2018) delved into the intricate web of factors that can affect stock prices, highlighting the multifaceted nature of market dynamics. Interestingly, the influence of personal names on stock performance has not received significant attention in these spheres, presenting a notable gap in the literature.

In "Freakonomics" by Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner, the authors explore unconventional connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena, prompting readers to ponder the unexpected influences that shape our world. Applying this unconventional lens to the stock market, one might find cause to consider the whimsical possibility of a name's popularity impacting stock prices. In this vein, the present study peels back the layers of traditional financial analysis to uncover the "micah-nisms" behind an unexpected correlation.

Venturing into the world of fiction, the novel "Moneyball" by Michael Lewis showcases the capacity for unorthodox insights to revolutionize conventional thinking in the realm of sports and statistics. While the book focuses on baseball, its underlying message of challenging established paradigms resonates with the spirit of our investigation. After all, what could be more unconventional than exploring the potential influence of a name on stock prices?

The exploration of literary works related to nomenclature and finance leads us to ponder the capacity for unexpected sources of insight. From the whimsical wizarding world of Harry Potter to the quirky characters in Douglas Adams' "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy," imaginative storytelling prompts us to consider the uncharted territories of influence and relevance.

In the pursuit of expanding the breadth of our literature review, we consulted an eclectic mix of sources, including but not limited to discarded fortune cookies, musings scribbled on napkins, and—dare we say—a comprehensive analysis of CVS receipts. While the path to building a robust literature base may have taken some unconventional turns, it is our firm belief that understanding the potential influence of a name such as Micah on stock prices demands an equally whimsical and open-minded approach.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Micah and Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2002 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection

[[ABSTRACT]]
This groundbreaking research investigates the surprising link between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). Leveraging data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study dives into the uncharted waters of nomenclature and financial markets. Interestingly, we uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 and p < 0.01 when examining the period from 2002 to 2022, shedding light on the niche yet significant influence of a name on stock prices.

In delving into the sea of data, we encountered some waves of astonishment as the name Micah's popularity chart rode alongside the turbulent peaks and troughs of CNQ's stock price. As we navigated the treacherous seas of statistical analysis, we couldn't help but contemplate if Micah's popularity could be a 'stock' indicator for CNQ.

Our findings prompt a reconsideration of the phrase "a rose by any other name," as it seems a Micah by any other name may be correlated with CNQ's stock price just the same. This study not only offers an invaluable insight into the interplay between personal names and financial markets but also inspires a wealth of dad jokes about "Micah managing" or "Micah moolah."

In conclusion, our analysis presents compelling evidence of a tantalizing relationship between the name Micah and CNQ's stock price, suggesting that perhaps there is more to a name than meets the eye—or should we say, the stock ticker symbol.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The link between personal names and their influence on various aspects of life has long fascinated researchers. From social dynamics to economic outcomes, the impact of names on individuals and broader societal phenomena has been a subject of both scholarly inquiry and light-hearted speculation. In this vein, the present study delves into the intriguing realm of nomenclature and financial markets, focusing specifically on the connection between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). As we embark on this exploration, it becomes apparent that this investigation is not just a matter of "nicknamed" data analysis but an endeavor to uncover the "micah-nisms" behind an unexpected correlation.
The parallel drawn between personal names and stock prices might initially strike some as an exercise in whimsy. After all, connecting the popularity of a name with the fluctuations of a Fortune 500 company's stock would seem to stretch the limits of financial analysis. Yet, as we peel back the layers of data, we find ourselves navigating uncharted waters—and not just because Micah means "who is like God" in Hebrew. Jokes aside, the correlation between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price sparks curiosity and sets the stage for a pun-filled yet thought-provoking exploration of the interplay between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
It is worth noting that our study does not seek to cast aspersions or make assumptions about the causality between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price. Instead, what we hope to uncover are the correlations that exist—much like a treasure waiting to be brought to the "micah-nic" surface. By analyzing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, we have unearthed compelling evidence that underscores the unexpected dance between nomenclature and financial markets.
Now, it's time to address the elephant in the room—or should I say, the 'micah' in the room? While we approach our analysis with rigor and academic integrity, we can't resist the temptation to infuse a touch of quirkiness into this seemingly unconventional research terrain. As we prepare to dive into the depths of our findings, it's important to remember that while they may seem 'un-Micah-y' at first glance, they hold promising implications for our understanding of the holistic influencers of stock prices.
In the spirit of our investigation—and to provide a much-needed infusion of levity to this academic discourse—it's only fitting to interject with a well-timed dad joke to maintain scholarly balance. Why did the stock trader name their son Micah? Because they were hoping he'd bring in "CNQ" (see 'sea-n queue' for the 'NYSE' of humor). Thank you, thank you—I'll be here all day, folks. But in all seriousness, our pursuit of knowledge in this domain holds potential for significant insights and perhaps even a chuckle or two along the way. So let's proceed to unravel the peculiar link between Micah's moniker and CNQ's market movements.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

In our quest to uncover the intriguing connection between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ), our research team set sail on a journey through the vast seas of data analysis. Our methodology involved a combination of meticulous data collection, statistical analysis, and a healthy dose of humor to keep us buoyant amidst the waves of research.

To start, we harnessed data from the US Social Security Administration, which provided us with comprehensive information regarding the frequency of the name Micah bestowed upon newborns in the United States. Additionally, we utilized LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to access a diverse array of financial data, including the stock price history of CNQ. Our data collection spanned the years 2002 to 2022, allowing us to capture a substantial timeframe for our analysis and evaluation.

We must stress the importance of rigorous data handling in our research process. We subjected the collected data to thorough scrutiny, applying stringent quality checks to ensure its reliability and accuracy. This stage was crucial, as we sought to eliminate any "Micah-scopic" errors that might have compromised the integrity of our analysis.

Moving forward, our statistical analysis employed sophisticated techniques to explore the potential correlation between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price fluctuations. Utilizing advanced econometric models and time-series analysis, we embarked on a quest to unearth patterns and relationships within the data. Our methodology focused on teasing out potential associations rather than imposing causality, fully acknowledging the complex landscape of financial markets and human naming practices.

After navigating the rugged terrain of data analysis, we arrived at the shores of correlation coefficient calculations. Here, we encountered our "pearl" of discovery: a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 with a p-value of less than 0.01. This finding piqued our curiosity, signaling a robust statistical association between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price dynamics.

In the midst of our analytical pursuits, we couldn't resist a well-timed dad joke to infuse light-heartedness into our methodology section. Why did the economist name their child Micah? Because they believed in the "p-economical" potential of correlations! Thank you, thank you—sometimes, the best way to handle complex data is with a sprinkle of humor.

As our methodology anchored us in the realm of quantitative exploration, we delved into the depths of data visualization to portray our findings in an accessible and engaging manner. Employing time-series plots and trend analyses, we charted the ebbs and flows of Micah's popularity alongside CNQ's stock price movements, painting a vivid picture of their interplay.

In the spirit of methodological transparency, we acknowledge the importance of acknowledging the limitations of our approach. While our findings unearthed a compelling correlation, we recognize that further research is warranted to unpack the underlying "stock-nature" of this relationship in more depth.

With our methodology securely in place, we chart a course toward the veritable treasure trove of findings and insights, eager to share the unusual yet captivating realm of nomenclature's influence on financial markets.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Micah and Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2002 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.8883966, r-squared of 0.7892485, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection

[[ABSTRACT]]
This groundbreaking research investigates the surprising link between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). Leveraging data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study dives into the uncharted waters of nomenclature and financial markets. Interestingly, we uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 and p < 0.01 when examining the period from 2002 to 2022, shedding light on the niche yet significant influence of a name on stock prices.

In delving into the sea of data, we encountered some waves of astonishment as the name Micah's popularity chart rode alongside the turbulent peaks and troughs of CNQ's stock price. As we navigated the treacherous seas of statistical analysis, we couldn't help but contemplate if Micah's popularity could be a 'stock' indicator for CNQ.

Our findings prompt a reconsideration of the phrase "a rose by any other name," as it seems a Micah by any other name may be correlated with CNQ's stock price just the same. This study not only offers an invaluable insight into the interplay between personal names and financial markets but also inspires a wealth of dad jokes about "Micah managing" or "Micah moolah."

In conclusion, our analysis presents compelling evidence of a tantalizing relationship between the name Micah and CNQ's stock price, suggesting that perhaps there is more to a name than meets the eye—or should we say, the stock ticker symbol.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The link between personal names and their influence on various aspects of life has long fascinated researchers. From social dynamics to economic outcomes, the impact of names on individuals and broader societal phenomena has been a subject of both scholarly inquiry and light-hearted speculation. In this vein, the present study delves into the intriguing realm of nomenclature and financial markets, focusing specifically on the connection between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). As we embark on this exploration, it becomes apparent that this investigation is not just a matter of "nicknamed" data analysis but an endeavor to uncover the "micah-nisms" behind an unexpected correlation.
The parallel drawn between personal names and stock prices might initially strike some as an exercise in whimsy. After all, connecting the popularity of a name with the fluctuations of a Fortune 500 company's stock would seem to stretch the limits of financial analysis. Yet, as we peel back the layers of data, we find ourselves navigating uncharted waters—and not just because Micah means "who is like God" in Hebrew. Jokes aside, the correlation between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price sparks curiosity and sets the stage for a pun-filled yet thought-provoking exploration of the interplay between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
It is worth noting that our study does not seek to cast aspersions or make assumptions about the causality between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price. Instead, what we hope to uncover are the correlations that exist—much like a treasure waiting to be brought to the "micah-nic" surface. By analyzing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, we have unearthed compelling evidence that underscores the unexpected dance between nomenclature and financial markets.
Now, it's time to address the elephant in the room—or should I say, the 'micah' in the room? While we approach our analysis with rigor and academic integrity, we can't resist the temptation to infuse a touch of quirkiness into this seemingly unconventional research terrain. As we prepare to dive into the depths of our findings, it's important to remember that while they may seem 'un-Micah-y' at first glance, they hold promising implications for our understanding of the holistic influencers of stock prices.
In the spirit of our investigation—and to provide a much-needed infusion of levity to this academic discourse—it's only fitting to interject with a well-timed dad joke to maintain scholarly balance. Why did the stock trader name their son Micah? Because they were hoping he'd bring in "CNQ" (see 'sea-n queue' for the 'NYSE' of humor). Thank you, thank you—I'll be here all day, folks. But in all seriousness, our pursuit of knowledge in this domain holds potential for significant insights and perhaps even a chuckle or two along the way. So let's proceed to unravel the peculiar link between Micah's moniker and CNQ's market movements.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]

ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our rigorous analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ) over the period from 2002 to 2022. The correlation coefficient computed was 0.8883966, indicating a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This implies that as the popularity of the name Micah waxed and waned, CNQ's stock price exhibited similar movements, creating an intriguing synchronicity akin to a well-practiced duet.

Fig. 1 showcases this remarkable correlation, with the scatterplot depicting the tight clustering of data points, resembling the harmonious chords strummed by a skilled musician. It's almost as if the popularity of the name Micah whispered to CNQ's stock price, "Hey, can I interest you in a correlation duet?” (Cue the cringe-induced groans from our statistical audience.)

Delving deeper into our statistical analysis, the r-squared value of 0.7892485 indicates that approximately 79% of the variation in CNQ's stock price can be explained by the popularity of the name Micah. This finding suggests a resounding resonance between the ebb and flow of Micah's popularity and the undulating tides of CNQ's market performance—a connection that may leave one contemplating whether there's a "Micanism" hiding in the stock market's movements.

Now, let's address the critical question: what does this unexpected correlation mean for investors and researchers alike? While we don't intend to trivialize the complexity of financial markets or the significance of individual names, our findings do paint a curious picture of the potential interplay between personal nomenclature and stock price dynamics. This prompts the somewhat bewildering but undeniably captivating inquiry: Could the popularity of the name Micah serve as a quirky, yet uncannily accurate barometer for CNQ's stock performance?

As we navigate the choppy waters of speculative correlation and statistical significance, we must resist the urge to opine too wildly. However, we can't help but interject a dry wit and a good ol' dad joke here and there. After all, what's statistical analysis without a touch of levity? Speaking of which, why did Micah invest in CNQ's stock? Because he heard it was a "Micah-nic" opportunity! (Cue laughter—or crickets.)

All jesting aside, our results hint at a captivating relationship worth further exploration. The name Micah, once merely a label chosen with familial sentiment, may now hold an unexpected insight into the winds that shape CNQ's stock trajectory. It's yet another reminder that beneath the seemingly mundane lies untold correlations waiting to be uncovered—much like "Micah-roni" in a sea of financial pasta.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Micah and Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection

[[ABSTRACT]]
This groundbreaking research investigates the surprising link between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). Leveraging data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study dives into the uncharted waters of nomenclature and financial markets. Interestingly, we uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 and p < 0.01 when examining the period from 2002 to 2022, shedding light on the niche yet significant influence of a name on stock prices.

In delving into the sea of data, we encountered some waves of astonishment as the name Micah's popularity chart rode alongside the turbulent peaks and troughs of CNQ's stock price. As we navigated the treacherous seas of statistical analysis, we couldn't help but contemplate if Micah's popularity could be a 'stock' indicator for CNQ.

Our findings prompt a reconsideration of the phrase "a rose by any other name," as it seems a Micah by any other name may be correlated with CNQ's stock price just the same. This study not only offers an invaluable insight into the interplay between personal names and financial markets but also inspires a wealth of dad jokes about "Micah managing" or "Micah moolah."

In conclusion, our analysis presents compelling evidence of a tantalizing relationship between the name Micah and CNQ's stock price, suggesting that perhaps there is more to a name than meets the eye—or should we say, the stock ticker symbol.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The relationship between personal names and economic indicators has been a subject of interest to researchers across various fields. Smith et al. (2010) found correlations between baby name trends and economic conditions, while Doe (2015) examined the impact of naming conventions on consumer behavior. However, the intersection of a specific name's popularity and its potential influence on stock prices remains a relatively underexplored area of study.
Turning to the realm of financial literature, Jones (2018) delved into the intricate web of factors that can affect stock prices, highlighting the multifaceted nature of market dynamics. Interestingly, the influence of personal names on stock performance has not received significant attention in these spheres, presenting a notable gap in the literature.
In "Freakonomics" by Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner, the authors explore unconventional connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena, prompting readers to ponder the unexpected influences that shape our world. Applying this unconventional lens to the stock market, one might find cause to consider the whimsical possibility of a name's popularity impacting stock prices. In this vein, the present study peels back the layers of traditional financial analysis to uncover the "micah-nisms" behind an unexpected correlation.
Venturing into the world of fiction, the novel "Moneyball" by Michael Lewis showcases the capacity for unorthodox insights to revolutionize conventional thinking in the realm of sports and statistics. While the book focuses on baseball, its underlying message of challenging established paradigms resonates with the spirit of our investigation. After all, what could be more unconventional than exploring the potential influence of a name on stock prices?
The exploration of literary works related to nomenclature and finance leads us to ponder the capacity for unexpected sources of insight. From the whimsical wizarding world of Harry Potter to the quirky characters in Douglas Adams' "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy," imaginative storytelling prompts us to consider the uncharted territories of influence and relevance.
In the pursuit of expanding the breadth of our literature review, we consulted an eclectic mix of sources, including but not limited to discarded fortune cookies, musings scribbled on napkins, and—dare we say—a comprehensive analysis of CVS receipts. While the path to building a robust literature base may have taken some unconventional turns, it is our firm belief that understanding the potential influence of a name such as Micah on stock prices demands an equally whimsical and open-minded approach.

[[RESULTS]]
Our rigorous analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ) over the period from 2002 to 2022. The correlation coefficient computed was 0.8883966, indicating a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This implies that as the popularity of the name Micah waxed and waned, CNQ's stock price exhibited similar movements, creating an intriguing synchronicity akin to a well-practiced duet.
Fig. 1 showcases this remarkable correlation, with the scatterplot depicting the tight clustering of data points, resembling the harmonious chords strummed by a skilled musician. It's almost as if the popularity of the name Micah whispered to CNQ's stock price, "Hey, can I interest you in a correlation duet?” (Cue the cringe-induced groans from our statistical audience.)
Delving deeper into our statistical analysis, the r-squared value of 0.7892485 indicates that approximately 79% of the variation in CNQ's stock price can be explained by the popularity of the name Micah. This finding suggests a resounding resonance between the ebb and flow of Micah's popularity and the undulating tides of CNQ's market performance—a connection that may leave one contemplating whether there's a "Micanism" hiding in the stock market's movements.
Now, let's address the critical question: what does this unexpected correlation mean for investors and researchers alike? While we don't intend to trivialize the complexity of financial markets or the significance of individual names, our findings do paint a curious picture of the potential interplay between personal nomenclature and stock price dynamics. This prompts the somewhat bewildering but undeniably captivating inquiry: Could the popularity of the name Micah serve as a quirky, yet uncannily accurate barometer for CNQ's stock performance?
As we navigate the choppy waters of speculative correlation and statistical significance, we must resist the urge to opine too wildly. However, we can't help but interject a dry wit and a good ol' dad joke here and there. After all, what's statistical analysis without a touch of levity? Speaking of which, why did Micah invest in CNQ's stock? Because he heard it was a "Micah-nic" opportunity! (Cue laughter—or crickets.)
All jesting aside, our results hint at a captivating relationship worth further exploration. The name Micah, once merely a label chosen with familial sentiment, may now hold an unexpected insight into the winds that shape CNQ's stock trajectory. It's yet another reminder that beneath the seemingly mundane lies untold correlations waiting to be uncovered—much like "Micah-roni" in a sea of financial pasta.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The findings of this study offer compelling evidence of a surprising connection between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). Building upon our literature review, which playfully ventured into unconventional sources of inspiration, our results validate the unorthodox notion that a name, in this case, Micah, could indeed exhibit a correlation with a company's stock performance.

Our research sets sail into uncharted waters of nomenclature and financial markets, culminating in the revelation of a robust correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 and p < 0.01. This statistically significant correlation presents itself as a profound testament to the potential influence of the name Micah on CNQ's stock price. Dare we say, the stock market may have just encountered a "Micah-ulous" revelation? (Please, hold your applause.)

Returning to our literature review, we reflect on the whimsical possibility of a name's popularity impacting stock prices, as whimsically hinted at by the book "Freakonomics." In a truly unexpected turn of events, our results actually corroborate this whimsy, lending credence to Levitt and Dubner's explorations into unconventional connections.

As we navigate the sometimes tempestuous seas of statistical analysis, we cannot help but note the unexpected nature of our findings. The "Freakonomics" approach, although initially presented in jest, appears to have a surprising kernel of truth. Similarly, the literature's subtle nod towards "Moneyball" echoes in our results, as they signify a willingness to unearth unorthodox insights that may fundamentally challenge established paradigms, much like the potential influence of a name on stock prices.

The remarkable correlation coefficient and r-squared value derived from our analysis further reinforce the significance of our findings. It is as if Micah's popularity and CNQ's stock price engaged in a whimsical dance, harmonizing in an almost poetic manifestation of correlation. One could almost say that they were engaged in a "Micah and the Markets" pas de deux. (Okay, maybe let's not.)

These findings not only add a twist of unexpected amusement to the realm of financial analysis but also hold intriguing implications for investors and researchers. The potential utility of the name Micah as an indicator for CNQ's stock performance offers an unexpected dimension to market analysis. Much like the twists and turns of a good dad joke, our investigation into the Micah-CNQ correlation leaves room for further exploration, perhaps unveiling a treasure trove of yet-to-be-discovered correlations in the vast sea of financial trends.

In the grand scheme of academic research, our findings tip their hat to the potential importance of approaching unconventional ideas with an open mind and a hint of humor. In the words of Douglas Adams, "Don't panic" – the unexpected correlations are more than a mere amusing whimsy. They hold the potential to reshape our understanding of the forces that shape the financial world, much like a well-timed dad joke can reshape a mundane conversation.

As we submerge ourselves deeper into the realms of nomenclature and finance, one thing is certain—our journey into the quirky yet undeniably intriguing relationship between the name Micah and CNQ's stock price has only just begun. And who knows, perhaps future research will reveal even more unexpected connections lurking beneath the surface, akin to finding a comedic gem in an otherwise serious academic article.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Micah and Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection

[[ABSTRACT]]
This groundbreaking research investigates the surprising link between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). Leveraging data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study dives into the uncharted waters of nomenclature and financial markets. Interestingly, we uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 and p < 0.01 when examining the period from 2002 to 2022, shedding light on the niche yet significant influence of a name on stock prices.

In delving into the sea of data, we encountered some waves of astonishment as the name Micah's popularity chart rode alongside the turbulent peaks and troughs of CNQ's stock price. As we navigated the treacherous seas of statistical analysis, we couldn't help but contemplate if Micah's popularity could be a 'stock' indicator for CNQ.

Our findings prompt a reconsideration of the phrase "a rose by any other name," as it seems a Micah by any other name may be correlated with CNQ's stock price just the same. This study not only offers an invaluable insight into the interplay between personal names and financial markets but also inspires a wealth of dad jokes about "Micah managing" or "Micah moolah."

In conclusion, our analysis presents compelling evidence of a tantalizing relationship between the name Micah and CNQ's stock price, suggesting that perhaps there is more to a name than meets the eye—or should we say, the stock ticker symbol.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The link between personal names and their influence on various aspects of life has long fascinated researchers. From social dynamics to economic outcomes, the impact of names on individuals and broader societal phenomena has been a subject of both scholarly inquiry and light-hearted speculation. In this vein, the present study delves into the intriguing realm of nomenclature and financial markets, focusing specifically on the connection between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). As we embark on this exploration, it becomes apparent that this investigation is not just a matter of "nicknamed" data analysis but an endeavor to uncover the "micah-nisms" behind an unexpected correlation.
The parallel drawn between personal names and stock prices might initially strike some as an exercise in whimsy. After all, connecting the popularity of a name with the fluctuations of a Fortune 500 company's stock would seem to stretch the limits of financial analysis. Yet, as we peel back the layers of data, we find ourselves navigating uncharted waters—and not just because Micah means "who is like God" in Hebrew. Jokes aside, the correlation between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price sparks curiosity and sets the stage for a pun-filled yet thought-provoking exploration of the interplay between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
It is worth noting that our study does not seek to cast aspersions or make assumptions about the causality between the popularity of the name Micah and CNQ's stock price. Instead, what we hope to uncover are the correlations that exist—much like a treasure waiting to be brought to the "micah-nic" surface. By analyzing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, we have unearthed compelling evidence that underscores the unexpected dance between nomenclature and financial markets.
Now, it's time to address the elephant in the room—or should I say, the 'micah' in the room? While we approach our analysis with rigor and academic integrity, we can't resist the temptation to infuse a touch of quirkiness into this seemingly unconventional research terrain. As we prepare to dive into the depths of our findings, it's important to remember that while they may seem 'un-Micah-y' at first glance, they hold promising implications for our understanding of the holistic influencers of stock prices.
In the spirit of our investigation—and to provide a much-needed infusion of levity to this academic discourse—it's only fitting to interject with a well-timed dad joke to maintain scholarly balance. Why did the stock trader name their son Micah? Because they were hoping he'd bring in "CNQ" (see 'sea-n queue' for the 'NYSE' of humor). Thank you, thank you—I'll be here all day, folks. But in all seriousness, our pursuit of knowledge in this domain holds potential for significant insights and perhaps even a chuckle or two along the way. So let's proceed to unravel the peculiar link between Micah's moniker and CNQ's market movements.

[[RESULTS]]
Our rigorous analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ) over the period from 2002 to 2022. The correlation coefficient computed was 0.8883966, indicating a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. This implies that as the popularity of the name Micah waxed and waned, CNQ's stock price exhibited similar movements, creating an intriguing synchronicity akin to a well-practiced duet.
Fig. 1 showcases this remarkable correlation, with the scatterplot depicting the tight clustering of data points, resembling the harmonious chords strummed by a skilled musician. It's almost as if the popularity of the name Micah whispered to CNQ's stock price, "Hey, can I interest you in a correlation duet?” (Cue the cringe-induced groans from our statistical audience.)
Delving deeper into our statistical analysis, the r-squared value of 0.7892485 indicates that approximately 79% of the variation in CNQ's stock price can be explained by the popularity of the name Micah. This finding suggests a resounding resonance between the ebb and flow of Micah's popularity and the undulating tides of CNQ's market performance—a connection that may leave one contemplating whether there's a "Micanism" hiding in the stock market's movements.
Now, let's address the critical question: what does this unexpected correlation mean for investors and researchers alike? While we don't intend to trivialize the complexity of financial markets or the significance of individual names, our findings do paint a curious picture of the potential interplay between personal nomenclature and stock price dynamics. This prompts the somewhat bewildering but undeniably captivating inquiry: Could the popularity of the name Micah serve as a quirky, yet uncannily accurate barometer for CNQ's stock performance?
As we navigate the choppy waters of speculative correlation and statistical significance, we must resist the urge to opine too wildly. However, we can't help but interject a dry wit and a good ol' dad joke here and there. After all, what's statistical analysis without a touch of levity? Speaking of which, why did Micah invest in CNQ's stock? Because he heard it was a "Micah-nic" opportunity! (Cue laughter—or crickets.)
All jesting aside, our results hint at a captivating relationship worth further exploration. The name Micah, once merely a label chosen with familial sentiment, may now hold an unexpected insight into the winds that shape CNQ's stock trajectory. It's yet another reminder that beneath the seemingly mundane lies untold correlations waiting to be uncovered—much like "Micah-roni" in a sea of financial pasta.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In closing, our study unearths a remarkable correlation between the popularity of the name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ), infusing an element of name-driven intrigue into the realm of financial markets. The robust correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 and statistically significant p-value offer compelling evidence of the connective tissue between an individual's nomenclature and a publicly traded company's market performance.

Our findings raise thought-provoking questions about the potential implications of personal names on stock price dynamics. Could Micah's rise in popularity signal a bullish trend for CNQ, or is it merely a whimsical quirk of statistical happenstance? As we ponder these queries, it seems the elements of chance and serendipity may be at play, much like the unpredictable fluctuations of the stock market itself.

As we bid adieu to our exploration of "Micah-nisms" and financial rhymes, it's worth noting that this study not only adds a touch of whimsy to the hallowed halls of financial analysis but also underscores the multifaceted influences shaping stock prices. After all, who would have thought that a simple name could hold such sway over market fluctuations? It's a reminder that in the unpredictable dance of financial markets, even the most unexpected variables can waltz their way into the spotlight.

And on that note, speaking of waltzing, why don't stockbrokers ever share secrets? Because they like to keep things "CNQ-nfidential." Thank you, thank you—remember to tip your waitstaff, folks.

In sum, given the compelling evidence presented in this study, it's safe to say that the "Micah Mania" findings do not invite mere dismissal as an anomaly. However, it may be prudent to resist the temptation to take this correlation at face value, as the complexities of stock market dynamics are indeed far from a "Micah-mere" matter.

With that said, we adamantly declare that no further research is necessary in this niche field of inquiry—we've certainly "Mican" our point.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Rhyming Resources

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

Society for the Advancement of Linguistic and Ecological Studies (SALES)

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection with an abstract of This groundbreaking research investigates the surprising link between the popularity of the first name Micah and the stock price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ). Leveraging data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), our study dives into the uncharted waters of nomenclature and financial markets. Interestingly, we uncovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8883966 and p < 0.01 when examining the period from 2002 to 2022, shedding light on the niche yet significant influence of a name on stock prices.
In delving into the sea of data, we encountered some waves of astonishment as the name Micah's popularity chart rode alongside the turbulent peaks and troughs of CNQ's stock price. As we navigated the treacherous seas of statistical analysis, we couldn't help but contemplate if Micah's popularity could be a 'stock' indicator for CNQ.
Our findings prompt a reconsideration of the phrase "a rose by any other name," as it seems a Micah by any other name may be correlated with CNQ's stock price just the same. This study not only offers an invaluable insight into the interplay between personal names and financial markets but also inspires a wealth of dad jokes about "Micah managing" or "Micah moolah."
In conclusion, our analysis presents compelling evidence of a tantalizing relationship between the name Micah and CNQ's stock price, suggesting that perhaps there is more to a name than meets the eye—or should we say, the stock ticker symbol.

ChatGPT:

Micah, Canadian Natural Resources, CNQ stock price, name popularity and stock price correlation, financial markets, data analysis, social science research, stock market indicators

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

Random correlation

Discover a new correlation

View all correlations

View all research papers

Report an error

Data details

Popularity of the first name Micah
Detailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Micah
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Micah

Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Canadian Natural Resources (CNQ) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: ^{See full details} Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ)

Correlation r = 0.8883966 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.7892485 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 78.9% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Micah) over the 21 years from 2002 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 7.6E-8.^Show 0.0000000756296986895571900000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.89 in 7.6E-6% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 13,222,319 random variables^Note You don't actually need 13 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 20 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 20 because we have two variables measured over a period of 21 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.74, 0.95 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Popularity of the first name Micah (Babies born)	2621	2657	2832	3008	3241	3686	3839	3887	3886	4056	4071	3993	3933	4099	3772	3975	4040	3783	3633	3872	4144
Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ) (Stock price)	2.97	3.66	6.26	10.56	24.49	25.77	36.26	20.02	36.31	44.87	37.71	29.14	33.01	29.88	21.1	32.15	35.25	23.09	32.06	24.32	42.32

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. ^Note Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([2621,2657,2832,3008,3241,3686,3839,3887,3886,4056,4071,3993,3933,4099,3772,3975,4040,3783,3633,3872,4144,])
array_2 = np.array([2.97,3.66,6.26,10.56,24.49,25.77,36.26,20.02,36.31,44.87,37.71,29.14,33.01,29.88,21.1,32.15,35.25,23.09,32.06,24.32,42.32,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Micah"
array_2_name = "Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Popularity of the first name Micah
Line chart for only Canadian Natural Resources' stock price (CNQ)
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Micah Mania: The Canadian Natural Resources-Rhyme Connection

View another random correlation

How fun was this correlation?

Your rating skills are legendary!

Correlation ID: 3935 · Black Variable ID: 2323 · Red Variable ID: 1679


Problem variable:
Issue:
Additional details: Optional
Confirm you are a human: