Download png, svg
AI explanation
As the air became more polluted, the squash players found it harder to breathe, leading to shorter rallies and quicker game play. You could say the smog was squash-ing their endurance, creating a lung-busting situation on the court!
Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of the Grand Forks, North Dakota squash championship in a hazy, smog-filled environment. Show the players adapting to the smaller court size and struggling against the thick, polluted air as they play squash. Capture the intensity of the game and the challenge posed by the air pollution, all amidst a surreal and visually captivating atmosphere reminiscent of a TIME magazine cover. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Cubism Brutalism A TIME magazine cover image Magic realism Psychedelic
ChatGPT: A TIME magazine cover image
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship, in the following situation: Because the squash balls kept getting stuck in the smog, they had to switch to a smaller court size.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In Grand Forks, North Dakota, a squash championship is taking place amidst a hazy smog. The players are adjusting to a smaller court size as the air pollution has made it difficult for the squash balls to move smoothly through the thick, polluted air.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A TIME magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: In Grand Forks, North Dakota, a squash championship is taking place amidst a hazy smog. The players are adjusting to a smaller court size as the air pollution has made it difficult for the squash balls to move smoothly through the thick, polluted air. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of the Grand Forks, North Dakota squash championship in a hazy, smog-filled environment. Show the players adapting to the smaller court size and struggling against the thick, polluted air as they play squash. Capture the intensity of the game and the challenge posed by the air pollution, all amidst a surreal and visually captivating atmosphere reminiscent of a TIME magazine cover.
*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.
I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota caused Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship to decrease. Include one good pun.
AI academic paper
 |
Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played The Journal of Environmental Squash Studies Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real! |
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, just make it sound clever.
Your research team used data from Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 and p < 0.01 for 1986 to 2001.
Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)
[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the curious and rather zany relationship between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. Despite the initial eyebrow raises and perplexed looks from our colleagues, our research team dug deep into the data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to trace this peculiar connection. Leveraging statistical analysis, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played, with the p-value being less than 0.01 for the time frame of 1986 to 2001. Our results provoke a chuckle, yet they also stimulate further curiosity and questioning in the whimsical intersection of air quality and athletic performance. While the causal mechanism behind this intriguing relationship remains to be fully illuminated, our findings offer a comedic yet thought-provoking perspective on the playfulness of statistical connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the curious and rather zany relationship between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. Despite the initial eyebrow raises and perplexed looks from our colleagues, our research team dug deep into the data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to trace this peculiar connection. Leveraging statistical analysis, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played, with the p-value being less than 0.01 for the time frame of 1986 to 2001. Our results provoke a chuckle, yet they also stimulate further curiosity and questioning in the whimsical intersection of air quality and athletic performance. While the causal mechanism behind this intriguing relationship remains to be fully illuminated, our findings offer a comedic yet thought-provoking perspective on the playfulness of statistical connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of air pollution and athletic performance may seem as perplexing as trying to find a matching pair of socks in a tumble dryer. However, our research embarks on a rather unconventional and off-the-wall journey to uncover the connection between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. In this paper, we present the findings of our investigation into the correlation between air pollution levels in the charming locale of Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the prestigious World Open Squash Men's Championship finals.
Upon embarking on this adventure, we were met with quizzical expressions and raised eyebrows from our peers. Nevertheless, armed with a sense of humor and a healthy dose of curiosity, we delved into the treasure trove of environmental data provided by the Environmental Protection Agency. We then balanced this with the meticulously documented squash championship records plucked from the depths of Wikipedia.
As any good researcher knows, correlation does not imply causation, but the statistical relationship that unraveled before us was as striking as a squash ball smacking against the front wall. Our analysis revealed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played in the final matches, spanning from 1986 to 2001. This statistical tidbit was so unmistakable, it was as if the data itself was serving up a friendly wink and a nudge.
The p-value of less than 0.01 further emphasized the strength of this relationship, leaving us feeling as thrilled as a squash player executing a perfect drop shot. These findings not only tickled our funny bone but also prompted further reflection on the playful nature of statistical connections between disparate phenomena.
While we can't claim to have unraveled the exact causal mechanism behind this whimsical relationship, our results invite a hearty chuckle and a healthy dose of skepticism. It's as though the statistical gods are indulging in their own game of wordplay, teasing us with this delightful association. In the words of a squash player eyeing up a tricky boast shot, the curious connection between air quality and squash sets played beckons us to ponder the unexpected and whimsical nature of statistical relationships.
So, buckle up and grab your racquet, dear reader, as we prepare to whisk you away on a quirky and amusing journey through the absurdly delightful nexus of air pollution and the world of squash championships.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.
Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.
Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a few real TV shows that sound like they might be relevant to the topic that you watched as research.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the curious and rather zany relationship between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. Despite the initial eyebrow raises and perplexed looks from our colleagues, our research team dug deep into the data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to trace this peculiar connection. Leveraging statistical analysis, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played, with the p-value being less than 0.01 for the time frame of 1986 to 2001. Our results provoke a chuckle, yet they also stimulate further curiosity and questioning in the whimsical intersection of air quality and athletic performance. While the causal mechanism behind this intriguing relationship remains to be fully illuminated, our findings offer a comedic yet thought-provoking perspective on the playfulness of statistical connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
-------
And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of air pollution and athletic performance may seem as perplexing as trying to find a matching pair of socks in a tumble dryer. However, our research embarks on a rather unconventional and off-the-wall journey to uncover the connection between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. In this paper, we present the findings of our investigation into the correlation between air pollution levels in the charming locale of Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the prestigious World Open Squash Men's Championship finals.
Upon embarking on this adventure, we were met with quizzical expressions and raised eyebrows from our peers. Nevertheless, armed with a sense of humor and a healthy dose of curiosity, we delved into the treasure trove of environmental data provided by the Environmental Protection Agency. We then balanced this with the meticulously documented squash championship records plucked from the depths of Wikipedia.
As any good researcher knows, correlation does not imply causation, but the statistical relationship that unraveled before us was as striking as a squash ball smacking against the front wall. Our analysis revealed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played in the final matches, spanning from 1986 to 2001. This statistical tidbit was so unmistakable, it was as if the data itself was serving up a friendly wink and a nudge.
The p-value of less than 0.01 further emphasized the strength of this relationship, leaving us feeling as thrilled as a squash player executing a perfect drop shot. These findings not only tickled our funny bone but also prompted further reflection on the playful nature of statistical connections between disparate phenomena.
While we can't claim to have unraveled the exact causal mechanism behind this whimsical relationship, our results invite a hearty chuckle and a healthy dose of skepticism. It's as though the statistical gods are indulging in their own game of wordplay, teasing us with this delightful association. In the words of a squash player eyeing up a tricky boast shot, the curious connection between air quality and squash sets played beckons us to ponder the unexpected and whimsical nature of statistical relationships.
So, buckle up and grab your racquet, dear reader, as we prepare to whisk you away on a quirky and amusing journey through the absurdly delightful nexus of air pollution and the world of squash championships.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The esoteric yet fascinating connection between air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship has spurred a modest but intriguing body of research that we shall now peruse. In "Air Quality and Athletic Performance: A Statistical Analysis," Smith et al. highlight the potential impact of environmental factors, such as air pollution, on athlete performance, ushering in a wider consideration of the whimsical relationship between atmospheric conditions and athletic prowess.
It is worth noting that the influence of external factors on competition outcomes is not a novel concept. In their work "The Weather's Impact on Sports," Doe and Jones delve into the role of weather conditions, including air quality, on sporting events, providing a broader context for our investigation. Unbeknownst to many, the whims of weather may dance with the trajectory of squash balls, influencing the rhythm of sets played on the grand stage of the World Open Squash Men's Championship.
Expanding our scope to the broader environmental context, "Air Pollution: The Silent Enemy" by Greenleaf et al. discusses the pernicious effects of air pollution on human health. While this text may not directly address squash championships, it serves as a stark reminder of the pervasive reach of air pollution, potentially extending its mischievous influence into the competitive world of squash.
In a curious turn, the fictional novel "The Airborne Squasher" by J.K. Squashling piques our interest with its peculiar narrative where a plucky protagonist navigates a world where air pollution levels determine the outcome of high-stakes squash matches. Although a work of fiction, this whimsical tale not only evokes amusement but also triggers a contemplation of the fantastical possibilities underlying our own empirical findings.
In the pursuit of a more casual understanding of the world of professional squash, the unscripted television series "Squash Battles: High Octane Showdowns" provides an entertaining yet enlightening glimpse into the intensity and theatricality of squash championships. Though not explicitly addressing air pollution, this televised venture nudges us to ponder the ambient conditions that silently dictate the drama unfolding on the squash court.
As we stand at the intersection where statistical whimsy meets competitive sport, the body of literature surrounding the link between air pollution and the sets played in the World Open Squash Men's Championship simultaneously captivates and bemuses. This motley assemblage of sources beckons us to engage in a lighthearted yet thought-provoking exploration of the ludicrous yet compelling entanglement of air quality and squash championships.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia . You used data from 1986 to 2001
Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.
Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the curious and rather zany relationship between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. Despite the initial eyebrow raises and perplexed looks from our colleagues, our research team dug deep into the data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to trace this peculiar connection. Leveraging statistical analysis, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played, with the p-value being less than 0.01 for the time frame of 1986 to 2001. Our results provoke a chuckle, yet they also stimulate further curiosity and questioning in the whimsical intersection of air quality and athletic performance. While the causal mechanism behind this intriguing relationship remains to be fully illuminated, our findings offer a comedic yet thought-provoking perspective on the playfulness of statistical connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of air pollution and athletic performance may seem as perplexing as trying to find a matching pair of socks in a tumble dryer. However, our research embarks on a rather unconventional and off-the-wall journey to uncover the connection between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. In this paper, we present the findings of our investigation into the correlation between air pollution levels in the charming locale of Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the prestigious World Open Squash Men's Championship finals.
Upon embarking on this adventure, we were met with quizzical expressions and raised eyebrows from our peers. Nevertheless, armed with a sense of humor and a healthy dose of curiosity, we delved into the treasure trove of environmental data provided by the Environmental Protection Agency. We then balanced this with the meticulously documented squash championship records plucked from the depths of Wikipedia.
As any good researcher knows, correlation does not imply causation, but the statistical relationship that unraveled before us was as striking as a squash ball smacking against the front wall. Our analysis revealed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played in the final matches, spanning from 1986 to 2001. This statistical tidbit was so unmistakable, it was as if the data itself was serving up a friendly wink and a nudge.
The p-value of less than 0.01 further emphasized the strength of this relationship, leaving us feeling as thrilled as a squash player executing a perfect drop shot. These findings not only tickled our funny bone but also prompted further reflection on the playful nature of statistical connections between disparate phenomena.
While we can't claim to have unraveled the exact causal mechanism behind this whimsical relationship, our results invite a hearty chuckle and a healthy dose of skepticism. It's as though the statistical gods are indulging in their own game of wordplay, teasing us with this delightful association. In the words of a squash player eyeing up a tricky boast shot, the curious connection between air quality and squash sets played beckons us to ponder the unexpected and whimsical nature of statistical relationships.
So, buckle up and grab your racquet, dear reader, as we prepare to whisk you away on a quirky and amusing journey through the absurdly delightful nexus of air pollution and the world of squash championships.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
ChatGPT:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
To commence our rather unusual investigative journey, we predominantly relied on data obtained from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia. Now, you may be wondering how one can possibly pave a statistical path from air pollution to squash tournaments without getting snagged on the thorny underbrush of nonsense. Well, it turns out that, with a sprightly sense of humor and an unquenchable tenacity, one can indeed gallivant through the labyrinth of data sources to uncover some surprisingly tantalizing statistical connections.
We first conducted a robust data trawl through the Environmental Protection Agency's archives, capturing air pollution levels in the enigmatic locale of Grand Forks, North Dakota. This entailed deciphering an array of atmospheric pollutants - almost akin to distinguishing between the flavors in a box of assorted chocolates. The data extraction and cleansing process had its fair share of twists and turns; however, armed with statistical wizardry, we distilled this cacophony of pollutant levels into a comprehensive time series dataset that would make even the most fastidious curator blush.
Next, we set our sights on the world of squash, a realm filled with athleticism and vigor that is as captivating as a riveting game of cat-and-mouse. With the graceful guidance of the all-knowing Wikipedia, we meticulously combed through the historical records of the World Open Squash Men's Championships from 1986 to 2001. This pursuit was akin to searching for a needle in a haystack, or rather, a squash ball in a heap of statistical jargon.
Having gathered this brimming cornucopia of data, we applied a nifty concoction of statistical techniques, including time series analysis and correlation coefficient computations, to disentangle the enigmatic relationship between air pollution levels and the number of sets played in the tournament finals. It was as though we were performing a whimsical dance with the data, twirling and pivoting as we sought to decipher the mischievous steps of this amusing statistical tango.
Once the statistical dust had settled and the numbers had been meticulously crunched, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution and the number of sets played in the championship finals - a finding as surprising as a perfectly executed drop shot. The p-value, like a stalwart guardian, stood at less than 0.01, fortifying the strength of this peculiar statistical bond.
In summation, our methodology involved a delightful blend of data sleuthing, statistical manipulations, and a dash of whimsy, to unravel the comedic yet thought-provoking connection between air pollution and squash sets played in the World Open Squash Men's Championships.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia .
For the time period 1986 to 2001, you found a correlation -0.8885073, r-squared of 0.7894452, and p < 0.01.
One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the curious and rather zany relationship between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. Despite the initial eyebrow raises and perplexed looks from our colleagues, our research team dug deep into the data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to trace this peculiar connection. Leveraging statistical analysis, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played, with the p-value being less than 0.01 for the time frame of 1986 to 2001. Our results provoke a chuckle, yet they also stimulate further curiosity and questioning in the whimsical intersection of air quality and athletic performance. While the causal mechanism behind this intriguing relationship remains to be fully illuminated, our findings offer a comedic yet thought-provoking perspective on the playfulness of statistical connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
-------
And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The intersection of air pollution and athletic performance may seem as perplexing as trying to find a matching pair of socks in a tumble dryer. However, our research embarks on a rather unconventional and off-the-wall journey to uncover the connection between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. In this paper, we present the findings of our investigation into the correlation between air pollution levels in the charming locale of Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the prestigious World Open Squash Men's Championship finals.
Upon embarking on this adventure, we were met with quizzical expressions and raised eyebrows from our peers. Nevertheless, armed with a sense of humor and a healthy dose of curiosity, we delved into the treasure trove of environmental data provided by the Environmental Protection Agency. We then balanced this with the meticulously documented squash championship records plucked from the depths of Wikipedia.
As any good researcher knows, correlation does not imply causation, but the statistical relationship that unraveled before us was as striking as a squash ball smacking against the front wall. Our analysis revealed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played in the final matches, spanning from 1986 to 2001. This statistical tidbit was so unmistakable, it was as if the data itself was serving up a friendly wink and a nudge.
The p-value of less than 0.01 further emphasized the strength of this relationship, leaving us feeling as thrilled as a squash player executing a perfect drop shot. These findings not only tickled our funny bone but also prompted further reflection on the playful nature of statistical connections between disparate phenomena.
While we can't claim to have unraveled the exact causal mechanism behind this whimsical relationship, our results invite a hearty chuckle and a healthy dose of skepticism. It's as though the statistical gods are indulging in their own game of wordplay, teasing us with this delightful association. In the words of a squash player eyeing up a tricky boast shot, the curious connection between air quality and squash sets played beckons us to ponder the unexpected and whimsical nature of statistical relationships.
So, buckle up and grab your racquet, dear reader, as we prepare to whisk you away on a quirky and amusing journey through the absurdly delightful nexus of air pollution and the world of squash championships.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[RESULTS]]
ChatGPT:
[[RESULTS]]
Our foray into the whimsical world of air pollution levels and the World Open Squash Men's Championship sets played yielded some truly amusing and thought-provoking results. After dusting off the cobwebs from the Environmental Protection Agency's data and polishing up the squash championship records from Wikipedia, we uncovered a correlation coefficient of -0.8885073, accompanied by an r-squared value of 0.7894452, and a p-value less than 0.01.
The scatterplot (Fig. 1) we present vividly displays the robust negative correlation between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final matches of the squash championship. It's almost as if the data points themselves are engaged in a witty dance arranged by the statistical muses, humorously linking squash sets to the ebb and flow of air quality.
Our findings, though initially greeted with perplexed expressions, piqued the interest of our colleagues and indeed left us all rather breathless. Not only did the correlation coefficient bring a hearty chuckle to our research team, but it also provocatively suggested that the whims of statistical fate may be at play in this seemingly improbable relationship.
While we resist the temptation to jump to firm conclusions about causation, our results serve as a delightful reminder of the playful and unexpected connections that statistics can uncover. The enigmatic tie between air pollution and squash sets played beckons us to continue exploring the lighthearted and quirkily connected world of statistical phenomena.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Limit your response to 500 tokens.
Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.
Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.
[[TITLE]]
"Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the curious and rather zany relationship between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. Despite the initial eyebrow raises and perplexed looks from our colleagues, our research team dug deep into the data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to trace this peculiar connection. Leveraging statistical analysis, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played, with the p-value being less than 0.01 for the time frame of 1986 to 2001. Our results provoke a chuckle, yet they also stimulate further curiosity and questioning in the whimsical intersection of air quality and athletic performance. While the causal mechanism behind this intriguing relationship remains to be fully illuminated, our findings offer a comedic yet thought-provoking perspective on the playfulness of statistical connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The esoteric yet fascinating connection between air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship has spurred a modest but intriguing body of research that we shall now peruse. In "Air Quality and Athletic Performance: A Statistical Analysis," Smith et al. highlight the potential impact of environmental factors, such as air pollution, on athlete performance, ushering in a wider consideration of the whimsical relationship between atmospheric conditions and athletic prowess.
It is worth noting that the influence of external factors on competition outcomes is not a novel concept. In their work "The Weather's Impact on Sports," Doe and Jones delve into the role of weather conditions, including air quality, on sporting events, providing a broader context for our investigation. Unbeknownst to many, the whims of weather may dance with the trajectory of squash balls, influencing the rhythm of sets played on the grand stage of the World Open Squash Men's Championship.
Expanding our scope to the broader environmental context, "Air Pollution: The Silent Enemy" by Greenleaf et al. discusses the pernicious effects of air pollution on human health. While this text may not directly address squash championships, it serves as a stark reminder of the pervasive reach of air pollution, potentially extending its mischievous influence into the competitive world of squash.
In a curious turn, the fictional novel "The Airborne Squasher" by J.K. Squashling piques our interest with its peculiar narrative where a plucky protagonist navigates a world where air pollution levels determine the outcome of high-stakes squash matches. Although a work of fiction, this whimsical tale not only evokes amusement but also triggers a contemplation of the fantastical possibilities underlying our own empirical findings.
In the pursuit of a more casual understanding of the world of professional squash, the unscripted television series "Squash Battles: High Octane Showdowns" provides an entertaining yet enlightening glimpse into the intensity and theatricality of squash championships. Though not explicitly addressing air pollution, this televised venture nudges us to ponder the ambient conditions that silently dictate the drama unfolding on the squash court.
As we stand at the intersection where statistical whimsy meets competitive sport, the body of literature surrounding the link between air pollution and the sets played in the World Open Squash Men's Championship simultaneously captivates and bemuses. This motley assemblage of sources beckons us to engage in a lighthearted yet thought-provoking exploration of the ludicrous yet compelling entanglement of air quality and squash championships.
[[RESULTS]]
Our foray into the whimsical world of air pollution levels and the World Open Squash Men's Championship sets played yielded some truly amusing and thought-provoking results. After dusting off the cobwebs from the Environmental Protection Agency's data and polishing up the squash championship records from Wikipedia, we uncovered a correlation coefficient of -0.8885073, accompanied by an r-squared value of 0.7894452, and a p-value less than 0.01.
The scatterplot (Fig. 1) we present vividly displays the robust negative correlation between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final matches of the squash championship. It's almost as if the data points themselves are engaged in a witty dance arranged by the statistical muses, humorously linking squash sets to the ebb and flow of air quality.
Our findings, though initially greeted with perplexed expressions, piqued the interest of our colleagues and indeed left us all rather breathless. Not only did the correlation coefficient bring a hearty chuckle to our research team, but it also provocatively suggested that the whims of statistical fate may be at play in this seemingly improbable relationship.
While we resist the temptation to jump to firm conclusions about causation, our results serve as a delightful reminder of the playful and unexpected connections that statistics can uncover. The enigmatic tie between air pollution and squash sets played beckons us to continue exploring the lighthearted and quirkily connected world of statistical phenomena.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[DISCUSSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[DISCUSSION]]
Our findings not only humorously support the existing literature, but they also serve as a lighthearted reminder of the whimsical nature of statistical correlations. The negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship falls perfectly in line with the earlier work by Smith et al. and their musing on the potential impact of environmental factors on athletic performance. It seems that the squash court is not immune to the shenanigans of air pollution, and our results add a playful twist to the broader understanding of atmospheric influences on sporting events.
Lest we forget the fictional musings of J.K. Squashling in "The Airborne Squasher," where air pollution levels determined the outcome of high-stakes squash matches, our empirical findings, though far from fictional, seem to echo the fantastical possibilities hinted at in literature. Perhaps we are witnessing the subtle interplay of statistical fate, where the mischievous statistical muses choreograph a humorous dance between air quality and athletic performance on the squash court.
Intriguingly, our results also subtly nod to the broader context of weather's impact on sports, as explored by Doe and Jones. While air pollution may seem an unexpected participant in the drama of competitive sports, our findings bring to the forefront the uninvited role of atmospheric conditions on the rhythm and tempo of squash championships. It's as if the squash balls themselves are engaged in a playful game of hide-and-seek with the mischievous whims of air pollution, influencing the theatricality of sets played in the championship finals.
Moreover, the stark reminder of the pervasive reach of air pollution on human health, as highlighted by Greenleaf et al., adds a touch of gravitas to our otherwise lighthearted discussion. The intersection of air quality and athletic performance draws attention to the potential impact of environmental factors not only on competitive outcomes but also on the well-being of athletes and spectators alike. It seems that the whims of weather and air pollution extend their reach far beyond the bounds of conventional expectations, tapping into the comedic yet thought-provoking dance of statistical whimsy and athletic prowess.
In essence, our results invite further exploration of the playful yet poignant connections between seemingly incongruous phenomena. While we resist drawing definitive causal inferences, our study serves as a playful reminder of the unexpected twists and turns that statistical investigation can unveil. The enigmatic link between air pollution and sets played in the World Open Squash Men's Championship stands as a testament to the lighthearted yet captivating nature of statistical exploration, provoking laughter, curiosity, and contemplation in equal measure.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota and Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.
Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the curious and rather zany relationship between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. Despite the initial eyebrow raises and perplexed looks from our colleagues, our research team dug deep into the data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to trace this peculiar connection. Leveraging statistical analysis, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played, with the p-value being less than 0.01 for the time frame of 1986 to 2001. Our results provoke a chuckle, yet they also stimulate further curiosity and questioning in the whimsical intersection of air quality and athletic performance. While the causal mechanism behind this intriguing relationship remains to be fully illuminated, our findings offer a comedic yet thought-provoking perspective on the playfulness of statistical connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
[[INTRDUCTION]]
The intersection of air pollution and athletic performance may seem as perplexing as trying to find a matching pair of socks in a tumble dryer. However, our research embarks on a rather unconventional and off-the-wall journey to uncover the connection between these two seemingly unrelated phenomena. In this paper, we present the findings of our investigation into the correlation between air pollution levels in the charming locale of Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the prestigious World Open Squash Men's Championship finals.
Upon embarking on this adventure, we were met with quizzical expressions and raised eyebrows from our peers. Nevertheless, armed with a sense of humor and a healthy dose of curiosity, we delved into the treasure trove of environmental data provided by the Environmental Protection Agency. We then balanced this with the meticulously documented squash championship records plucked from the depths of Wikipedia.
As any good researcher knows, correlation does not imply causation, but the statistical relationship that unraveled before us was as striking as a squash ball smacking against the front wall. Our analysis revealed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played in the final matches, spanning from 1986 to 2001. This statistical tidbit was so unmistakable, it was as if the data itself was serving up a friendly wink and a nudge.
The p-value of less than 0.01 further emphasized the strength of this relationship, leaving us feeling as thrilled as a squash player executing a perfect drop shot. These findings not only tickled our funny bone but also prompted further reflection on the playful nature of statistical connections between disparate phenomena.
While we can't claim to have unraveled the exact causal mechanism behind this whimsical relationship, our results invite a hearty chuckle and a healthy dose of skepticism. It's as though the statistical gods are indulging in their own game of wordplay, teasing us with this delightful association. In the words of a squash player eyeing up a tricky boast shot, the curious connection between air quality and squash sets played beckons us to ponder the unexpected and whimsical nature of statistical relationships.
So, buckle up and grab your racquet, dear reader, as we prepare to whisk you away on a quirky and amusing journey through the absurdly delightful nexus of air pollution and the world of squash championships.
[[RESULTS]]
Our foray into the whimsical world of air pollution levels and the World Open Squash Men's Championship sets played yielded some truly amusing and thought-provoking results. After dusting off the cobwebs from the Environmental Protection Agency's data and polishing up the squash championship records from Wikipedia, we uncovered a correlation coefficient of -0.8885073, accompanied by an r-squared value of 0.7894452, and a p-value less than 0.01.
The scatterplot (Fig. 1) we present vividly displays the robust negative correlation between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final matches of the squash championship. It's almost as if the data points themselves are engaged in a witty dance arranged by the statistical muses, humorously linking squash sets to the ebb and flow of air quality.
Our findings, though initially greeted with perplexed expressions, piqued the interest of our colleagues and indeed left us all rather breathless. Not only did the correlation coefficient bring a hearty chuckle to our research team, but it also provocatively suggested that the whims of statistical fate may be at play in this seemingly improbable relationship.
While we resist the temptation to jump to firm conclusions about causation, our results serve as a delightful reminder of the playful and unexpected connections that statistics can uncover. The enigmatic tie between air pollution and squash sets played beckons us to continue exploring the lighthearted and quirkily connected world of statistical phenomena.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[CONCLUSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[CONCLUSION]]
In conclusion, our research has playfully teased out a significant negative correlation between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. It's as if the players are not just competing against each other, but also against the whimsical fluctuations of air quality. Our results are certainly a breath of fresh air in the realm of statistical oddities, and they serve as a testament to the delightful surprises that data analysis can unveil.
While we cannot leap to the conclusion that inhaling cleaner air directly boosts squash prowess, the mischievous dance of the data leaves us pondering the potential impact of air quality on athletic performance. This correlation is like a sly wink from statistical destiny, reminding us that the world of numbers harbors charmingly unexpected connections.
However, our findings lead us to assert that further research in this area may be as futile as a game of squash played with a rotten ball – unnecessary and likely to leave a bad taste. It seems that our partnership with data analysis has served up a thoroughly amusing and intriguing discovery, and we, as scholars, can proudly declare no need for future investigation here. As the final point is dashed off and the statistical racquet hung up, we bid adieu to this wonderfully whimsical escapade into the realms of air pollution and squash sets played.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.
ChatGPT:
The Journal of Environmental Squash Studies
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.
ChatGPT:
The Institute for Environmental Squashology
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played with an abstract of In this study, we delved into the curious and rather zany relationship between air pollution levels in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and the number of sets played in the final of the World Open Squash Men's Championship. Despite the initial eyebrow raises and perplexed looks from our colleagues, our research team dug deep into the data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Wikipedia to trace this peculiar connection. Leveraging statistical analysis, we unearthed a robust negative correlation coefficient of -0.8885073 between air pollution levels and the number of sets played, with the p-value being less than 0.01 for the time frame of 1986 to 2001. Our results provoke a chuckle, yet they also stimulate further curiosity and questioning in the whimsical intersection of air quality and athletic performance. While the causal mechanism behind this intriguing relationship remains to be fully illuminated, our findings offer a comedic yet thought-provoking perspective on the playfulness of statistical connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena.
ChatGPT:
Grand Forks, North Dakota, air pollution, World Open Squash Men's Championship, sets played, statistical analysis, negative correlation coefficient, EPA data, air quality, athletic performance, casual mechanism, whimsical intersection, statistical connections, environmental impact, sports performance, air quality study
*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.
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Data details
Air pollution in Grand Forks, North DakotaDetailed data title: Percentage of days with moderate or worse air quality in Grand Forks, ND-MN
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
See what else correlates with Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota
Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship
Detailed data title: Number of sets played in final of World Open (Squash) Men's championship
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.7894452 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 78.9% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota) over the 16 years from 1986 through 2001.
p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 4.3E-6. 0.0000042562626107575125000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as -0.89 in 0.00043% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 234,948 random variables You don't actually need 234 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.
p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.
In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.
Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 15 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 15 because we have two variables measured over a period of 16 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ -0.96, -0.7 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
| 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | |
| Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota (Bad air quality days) | 0.0285714 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0337079 | 0.0306122 | 0.045977 | 0.00518135 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.19469 | 0.175 |
| Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship (Sets) | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is. - Inverted Y-axis: I inverted the Y-axis on the chart above so that the lines would move together. This is visually pleasing, but not at all intuitive. Below is a line graph that does not invert the Y-axis and starts at zero.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([0.0285714,0,0,0,0.0337079,0.0306122,0.045977,0.00518135,0,0,0,0,0,0,0.19469,0.175,])
array_2 = np.array([4,4,3,5,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,3,4,3,0,0,])
array_1_name = "Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota"
array_2_name = "Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)Reuseable content
You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.
For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."
When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.
Full license details.
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Download images for these variables:
- High resolution line chart
The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape. - High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
- Alternative high resolution line chart
- Scatterplot
- Portable line chart (png)
- Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
- Line chart for only Air pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota
- Line chart for only Number of sets played in final of World Open Squash Men's championship
- AI-generated correlation image
- The spurious research paper: Clearing the Smoke: The Squashy Relationship between Air Pollution in Grand Forks, North Dakota, and World Open Squash Men's Championship Sets Played
Your rating is pure awesomeness!
Correlation ID: 3699 · Black Variable ID: 21820 · Red Variable ID: 277
