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Spurious correlation #3,589 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Roland and the second variable is Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC).  The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
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AI explanation

More babies named Roland meant more parents opening accounts in their name, leading to a surge in young customers for Wells Fargo. This drove up demand for junior piggy banks, inadvertently boosting the company's stock price. Can't bank on those baby Rolands!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a bustling street in a futuristic city, with holographic advertisements and neon lights illuminating the scene. A vintage-themed baby store with the name "Roland" in big, retro-style letters stands out amidst the mix of futuristic architecture. Families stroll in, some accompanied by robotic caretakers, while hovercars and drones zip through the air. Across the street, an old-fashioned brokerage house features a stock ticker for Wells Fargo & Company (WFC), where excited investors chat eagerly. The surge in the popularity of the name "Roland" has sparked speculation on the nostalgic trend and the potential for profits, creating a visually captivating scene that merges sci-fi fantasy with a dash of retro charm. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Sci-fi fantacy Futuristic Macabre Brutalism Sci-fi fantacy
ChatGPT: Sci-fi fantacy

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC), in the following situation: The increase in popularity of the name Roland is causing a surge in nostalgic feelings, leading people to invest in old-fashioned companies like Wells Fargo. It's a classic case of "Rolandin' in the Dough" as investors hop on the bandwagon, hoping to strike gold (or black) with their investments!. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling street, a vintage-themed baby store displays the name "Roland" in big, retro-style letters as parents and children stroll in. Meanwhile, across the street, the stock ticker for Wells Fargo & Company (WFC) climbs steadily in the window of an old-fashioned brokerage house. Excited investors chat eagerly, encouraged by the surge in popularity for the name "Roland," speculating on the nostalgic trend and the potential for profits.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Sci-fi fantacy ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling street, a vintage-themed baby store displays the name "Roland" in big, retro-style letters as parents and children stroll in. Meanwhile, across the street, the stock ticker for Wells Fargo & Company (WFC) climbs steadily in the window of an old-fashioned brokerage house. Excited investors chat eagerly, encouraged by the surge in popularity for the name "Roland," speculating on the nostalgic trend and the potential for profits. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a bustling street in a futuristic city, with holographic advertisements and neon lights illuminating the scene. A vintage-themed baby store with the name "Roland" in big, retro-style letters stands out amidst the mix of futuristic architecture. Families stroll in, some accompanied by robotic caretakers, while hovercars and drones zip through the air. Across the street, an old-fashioned brokerage house features a stock ticker for Wells Fargo & Company (WFC), where excited investors chat eagerly. The surge in the popularity of the name "Roland" has sparked speculation on the nostalgic trend and the potential for profits, creating a visually captivating scene that merges sci-fi fantasy with a dash of retro charm.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Popularity of the first name Roland caused Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC) to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price

The Journal of Quirky Connections

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, make it sound serious.

Your research team used data from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for 2002 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name "Roland" and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
When it comes to financial success, there's a name you'll want to keep an eye on – Roland. This study delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). We employ data from the US Social Security Administration alongside LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to tackle this thorny issue. Our analysis reveals a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2002 to 2022.

Now, you might wonder, "What does a name have to do with stock prices?" Well, it turns out that a strong correlation exists between the two – almost as strong as a dad's love for making puns. Through our rigorous statistical analysis, we unravel this intricate relationship and offer a fresh perspective on the peculiar interplay between seemingly unrelated variables. So, buckle up and prepare for an eye-opening journey through the tangled web of nomenclature and financial markets!



Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name "Roland" and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
When it comes to financial success, there's a name you'll want to keep an eye on – Roland. This study delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). We employ data from the US Social Security Administration alongside LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to tackle this thorny issue. Our analysis reveals a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2002 to 2022.

Now, you might wonder, "What does a name have to do with stock prices?" Well, it turns out that a strong correlation exists between the two – almost as strong as a dad's love for making puns. Through our rigorous statistical analysis, we unravel this intricate relationship and offer a fresh perspective on the peculiar interplay between seemingly unrelated variables. So, buckle up and prepare for an eye-opening journey through the tangled web of nomenclature and financial markets!


-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The concept of causality has long fascinated researchers and enthusiasts alike, driving them to examine peculiar relationships that seem to defy conventional wisdom. In the realm of finance, where data reigns supreme, the notion that the popularity of a first name could be linked to the stock price of a multinational company borders on the absurd – much like expecting a finance professor to crack jokes that actually land. Yet, as the saying goes, truth can be stranger than fiction.

Now, before diving into the depths of this arcane inquiry, let's address the elephant in the room – the inevitable "Roland" puns. It's quite a "Roland" of the dice to explore this correlation, but hey, in the world of research, sometimes you have to take a few risks to uncover hidden treasures. Let's roll on with the study and see where it takes us!

Wells Fargo & Company (NYSE: WFC) has been a stalwart in the financial services industry for decades, weathering numerous storms and market fluctuations – not unlike Roland, the brave and legendary hero of old tales. However, the connection between the company's stock price and the prevalence of the name "Roland" in the population may seem about as clear as a foggy morning in San Francisco.

As we endeavor to shed light on this enigmatic relationship, it's essential to recognize that names hold a peculiar power in shaping our perceptions and interactions. After all, a rose by any other name may smell as sweet, but the stock price of a financial institution by the name of Wells Fargo might just hold a surprise linked to the popularity of "Roland" in the modern era. Quite a curious conundrum indeed, akin to a financial mystery novel with a protagonist named Roland – "Roland and the Elusive Correlation."

So, what motivates us to embark on this journey of discovery? Well, beyond the sheer thrill of unraveling a riddle, understanding the potential influence of a name's popularity on a company's stock price could have far-reaching implications – not to mention it's a great conversation starter at dinner parties. Picture this: a dad joke walks into a study about stock market correlations and asks, "Have you heard about the Roland who shook up Wells Fargo?"

With our tongues firmly in our cheeks and our statistical tools at the ready, we aim to unravel this quirky connection and shed light on an unexpected intersection of nomenclature and financial markets. So, follow along as we embark on a whimsical odyssey through the land of Roland and Wells Fargo, and perhaps we'll emerge with more than just a few puns – though those are certainly not off the table.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some cartoons and childrens' shows that you watched that are related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name "Roland" and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
When it comes to financial success, there's a name you'll want to keep an eye on – Roland. This study delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). We employ data from the US Social Security Administration alongside LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to tackle this thorny issue. Our analysis reveals a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2002 to 2022.

Now, you might wonder, "What does a name have to do with stock prices?" Well, it turns out that a strong correlation exists between the two – almost as strong as a dad's love for making puns. Through our rigorous statistical analysis, we unravel this intricate relationship and offer a fresh perspective on the peculiar interplay between seemingly unrelated variables. So, buckle up and prepare for an eye-opening journey through the tangled web of nomenclature and financial markets!


-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The concept of causality has long fascinated researchers and enthusiasts alike, driving them to examine peculiar relationships that seem to defy conventional wisdom. In the realm of finance, where data reigns supreme, the notion that the popularity of a first name could be linked to the stock price of a multinational company borders on the absurd – much like expecting a finance professor to crack jokes that actually land. Yet, as the saying goes, truth can be stranger than fiction.
Now, before diving into the depths of this arcane inquiry, let's address the elephant in the room – the inevitable "Roland" puns. It's quite a "Roland" of the dice to explore this correlation, but hey, in the world of research, sometimes you have to take a few risks to uncover hidden treasures. Let's roll on with the study and see where it takes us!
Wells Fargo & Company (NYSE: WFC) has been a stalwart in the financial services industry for decades, weathering numerous storms and market fluctuations – not unlike Roland, the brave and legendary hero of old tales. However, the connection between the company's stock price and the prevalence of the name "Roland" in the population may seem about as clear as a foggy morning in San Francisco.
As we endeavor to shed light on this enigmatic relationship, it's essential to recognize that names hold a peculiar power in shaping our perceptions and interactions. After all, a rose by any other name may smell as sweet, but the stock price of a financial institution by the name of Wells Fargo might just hold a surprise linked to the popularity of "Roland" in the modern era. Quite a curious conundrum indeed, akin to a financial mystery novel with a protagonist named Roland – "Roland and the Elusive Correlation."
So, what motivates us to embark on this journey of discovery? Well, beyond the sheer thrill of unraveling a riddle, understanding the potential influence of a name's popularity on a company's stock price could have far-reaching implications – not to mention it's a great conversation starter at dinner parties. Picture this: a dad joke walks into a study about stock market correlations and asks, "Have you heard about the Roland who shook up Wells Fargo?"
With our tongues firmly in our cheeks and our statistical tools at the ready, we aim to unravel this quirky connection and shed light on an unexpected intersection of nomenclature and financial markets. So, follow along as we embark on a whimsical odyssey through the land of Roland and Wells Fargo, and perhaps we'll emerge with more than just a few puns – though those are certainly not off the table.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The exploration of seemingly unconventional correlations has long captivated researchers, paving the way for unexpected discoveries and challenging established paradigms. In the realm of naming conventions and financial markets, the interplay between the popularity of a first name and stock prices has emerged as a peculiar area of interest. Several studies have delved into similar intriguing connections, shedding light on the broader landscape of unusual correlations and prompting us to question the boundaries of causality and coincidence.

In "Smith et al.'s Name Power and Market Trends," the authors find that there may be hidden significance in the prevalence of certain names within the general populace and their potential impact on market dynamics. This resonates with our inquiry into the link between the popularity of the name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company, an endeavor that may have seemed as far-fetched as expecting a financial analyst to moonlight as a stand-up comedian.

Diving deeper into the realm of nomenclature, "Doe and Jones' Moniker Manifestations in Financial Movements" offers insights into the psychological underpinnings of name recognition and its potential influence on consumer behavior and investment decisions. This raises thought-provoking questions regarding the role of personal nomenclature in shaping financial market trends and investor sentiment, almost like pondering the impact of a dad joke on a solemn boardroom meeting – unexpected, but worth considering.

Now, while these studies provide valuable groundwork for our investigation, it's essential to widen the lens and explore alternative sources of inspiration that may offer tangential insights into the peculiar correlation at hand. Turning to popular non-fiction works, "Freakonomics" by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner introduces the concept of unexpected correlations, showcasing how seemingly unrelated factors can intertwine in surprising ways. Similarly, "Outliers" by Malcolm Gladwell invites us to consider the hidden influences that shape success and may just hold relevance in our exploration of the Roland-Wells Fargo connection.

Shifting gears slightly, the fiction realm presents a treasure trove of narratives that may indirectly illuminate our research focus. In "The Name of the Rose" by Umberto Eco, the enigmatic title invites readers to unravel layers of symbolism and hidden meanings, akin to our quest to decipher the intertwined mysteries of Roland's popularity and Wells Fargo's stock price. Furthermore, the whimsical tale of Roland in "The Dark Tower" series by Stephen King offers a fantastical backdrop for contemplating the whimsical nature of our investigation – after all, who's to say that financial markets and name popularity can't intersect in the realm of fiction?

As we consider unconventional influences, it's only fitting to draw inspiration from unexpected quarters, including childhood cartoons and shows that may hold subconscious relevance to our research topic. Cartoons such as "Roland Rat: The Series" may spark nostalgic memories while subtly shaping perceptions of the name "Roland" and its potential impact – much like how childhood influences can seep into adulthood, or how a dad joke heard in youth can echo through the years, resurfacing at the most unexpected times.

Positioning our study within this eclectic tapestry of literature and cultural references, we set the stage for a lighthearted yet insightful exploration of the Roland-Wells Fargo correlation. As we venture into uncharted territory, embracing humor alongside scholarly rigor, we invite readers to join us in this whimsical odyssey where the unexpected meets the enlightening. After all, in the fusion of nomenclature and finance, who's to say that a pun or two won't offer a fresh perspective on the intricate dance of names and numbers?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2002 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name "Roland" and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
When it comes to financial success, there's a name you'll want to keep an eye on – Roland. This study delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). We employ data from the US Social Security Administration alongside LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to tackle this thorny issue. Our analysis reveals a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2002 to 2022.

Now, you might wonder, "What does a name have to do with stock prices?" Well, it turns out that a strong correlation exists between the two – almost as strong as a dad's love for making puns. Through our rigorous statistical analysis, we unravel this intricate relationship and offer a fresh perspective on the peculiar interplay between seemingly unrelated variables. So, buckle up and prepare for an eye-opening journey through the tangled web of nomenclature and financial markets!


[[INTRODUCTION]]
The concept of causality has long fascinated researchers and enthusiasts alike, driving them to examine peculiar relationships that seem to defy conventional wisdom. In the realm of finance, where data reigns supreme, the notion that the popularity of a first name could be linked to the stock price of a multinational company borders on the absurd – much like expecting a finance professor to crack jokes that actually land. Yet, as the saying goes, truth can be stranger than fiction.
Now, before diving into the depths of this arcane inquiry, let's address the elephant in the room – the inevitable "Roland" puns. It's quite a "Roland" of the dice to explore this correlation, but hey, in the world of research, sometimes you have to take a few risks to uncover hidden treasures. Let's roll on with the study and see where it takes us!
Wells Fargo & Company (NYSE: WFC) has been a stalwart in the financial services industry for decades, weathering numerous storms and market fluctuations – not unlike Roland, the brave and legendary hero of old tales. However, the connection between the company's stock price and the prevalence of the name "Roland" in the population may seem about as clear as a foggy morning in San Francisco.
As we endeavor to shed light on this enigmatic relationship, it's essential to recognize that names hold a peculiar power in shaping our perceptions and interactions. After all, a rose by any other name may smell as sweet, but the stock price of a financial institution by the name of Wells Fargo might just hold a surprise linked to the popularity of "Roland" in the modern era. Quite a curious conundrum indeed, akin to a financial mystery novel with a protagonist named Roland – "Roland and the Elusive Correlation."
So, what motivates us to embark on this journey of discovery? Well, beyond the sheer thrill of unraveling a riddle, understanding the potential influence of a name's popularity on a company's stock price could have far-reaching implications – not to mention it's a great conversation starter at dinner parties. Picture this: a dad joke walks into a study about stock market correlations and asks, "Have you heard about the Roland who shook up Wells Fargo?"
With our tongues firmly in our cheeks and our statistical tools at the ready, we aim to unravel this quirky connection and shed light on an unexpected intersection of nomenclature and financial markets. So, follow along as we embark on a whimsical odyssey through the land of Roland and Wells Fargo, and perhaps we'll emerge with more than just a few puns – though those are certainly not off the table.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To scrutinize the correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC) with scientific rigor, we employed a methodology that combined elements of data mining, statistical analysis, and a pinch of good ol' fashioned wordplay. In line with the timeless adage, "When in doubt, roll with it," we boldly ventured into the intricate world of nomenclature and finance.

First and foremost, we harnessed the formidable data resources of the US Social Security Administration, delving into decades of birth records to track the ebbs and flows of Roland's reign across the American landscape. This involved a series of data extraction and manipulation processes, not unlike untangling a Gordian knot – or trying to explain a dad joke without resorting to a groan.

Additionally, we engaged the robust financial data provided by LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), disentangling the multifaceted dynamics of Wells Fargo & Company's stock price over the same period. Our team of intrepid researchers spared no effort in navigating the labyrinth of market trends, price fluctuations, and investor sentiments, all while keeping a close eye on the Roland count – because, after all, it's important to know when "Roland" rolls in, both literally and figuratively.

Now, you might wonder, "How does one even begin to correlate Roland's popularity with stock prices?" Well, through the magic of statistical analysis – and a dash of whimsy – we performed a series of computations to unveil the mysterious connection between these seemingly disparate variables. This involved employing time-series models, regression analyses, and a fair amount of coffee to navigate the twists and turns of the data – a process not unlike navigating a particularly convoluted dad joke.

Furthermore, we conducted a comparative analysis between the fluctuations in the prevalence of the name "Roland" and the movements of Wells Fargo & Company's stock price, presenting our findings in a visually compelling manner that invited both scholarly scrutiny and the occasional chuckle. After all, what's statistical analysis without a splash of chart artistry and an occasional pun to keep things lively?

In summary, our methodology harnessed the power of data, statistical wizardry, and an appreciation for the quirks of nomenclature to explore the enthralling link between the popularity of "Roland" and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price – because when it comes to uncovering such unexpected connections, it's important to roll with the punches and keep a healthy sense of humor.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2002 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9173211, r-squared of 0.8414780, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name "Roland" and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
When it comes to financial success, there's a name you'll want to keep an eye on – Roland. This study delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). We employ data from the US Social Security Administration alongside LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to tackle this thorny issue. Our analysis reveals a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2002 to 2022.

Now, you might wonder, "What does a name have to do with stock prices?" Well, it turns out that a strong correlation exists between the two – almost as strong as a dad's love for making puns. Through our rigorous statistical analysis, we unravel this intricate relationship and offer a fresh perspective on the peculiar interplay between seemingly unrelated variables. So, buckle up and prepare for an eye-opening journey through the tangled web of nomenclature and financial markets!


-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The concept of causality has long fascinated researchers and enthusiasts alike, driving them to examine peculiar relationships that seem to defy conventional wisdom. In the realm of finance, where data reigns supreme, the notion that the popularity of a first name could be linked to the stock price of a multinational company borders on the absurd – much like expecting a finance professor to crack jokes that actually land. Yet, as the saying goes, truth can be stranger than fiction.
Now, before diving into the depths of this arcane inquiry, let's address the elephant in the room – the inevitable "Roland" puns. It's quite a "Roland" of the dice to explore this correlation, but hey, in the world of research, sometimes you have to take a few risks to uncover hidden treasures. Let's roll on with the study and see where it takes us!
Wells Fargo & Company (NYSE: WFC) has been a stalwart in the financial services industry for decades, weathering numerous storms and market fluctuations – not unlike Roland, the brave and legendary hero of old tales. However, the connection between the company's stock price and the prevalence of the name "Roland" in the population may seem about as clear as a foggy morning in San Francisco.
As we endeavor to shed light on this enigmatic relationship, it's essential to recognize that names hold a peculiar power in shaping our perceptions and interactions. After all, a rose by any other name may smell as sweet, but the stock price of a financial institution by the name of Wells Fargo might just hold a surprise linked to the popularity of "Roland" in the modern era. Quite a curious conundrum indeed, akin to a financial mystery novel with a protagonist named Roland – "Roland and the Elusive Correlation."
So, what motivates us to embark on this journey of discovery? Well, beyond the sheer thrill of unraveling a riddle, understanding the potential influence of a name's popularity on a company's stock price could have far-reaching implications – not to mention it's a great conversation starter at dinner parties. Picture this: a dad joke walks into a study about stock market correlations and asks, "Have you heard about the Roland who shook up Wells Fargo?"
With our tongues firmly in our cheeks and our statistical tools at the ready, we aim to unravel this quirky connection and shed light on an unexpected intersection of nomenclature and financial markets. So, follow along as we embark on a whimsical odyssey through the land of Roland and Wells Fargo, and perhaps we'll emerge with more than just a few puns – though those are certainly not off the table.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The analysis of the relationship between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC) yielded some truly eyebrow-raising results. From the years 2002 to 2022, we found an impressive correlation coefficient of 0.9173211, indicating a remarkably strong positive correlation between the two variables. This correlation was further bolstered by an r-squared value of 0.8414780, suggesting that approximately 84.15% of the variation in WFC stock price can be explained by the popularity of the name "Roland." It seems that there's more to this name than meets the eye – much like a cleverly crafted dad joke.

To present this striking correlation in a visually digestible format, we have included a scatterplot (see Fig. 1) that vividly illustrates the robust relationship between the popularity of the name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company. The scatterplot paints a clear picture of this connection, leaving little room for doubt and ample room for the occasional pun about rolling the dice in the stock market.

Now, some may question the practical significance of such an unexpected correlation, but as the great Bard once said, "What's in a name?" Well, it turns out, quite a bit – especially when it comes to navigating the intricate landscape of financial markets. As the saying goes, "Fortune favors the bold," and in this case, it seems that fortune may just have a soft spot for the name "Roland."


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name "Roland" and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
When it comes to financial success, there's a name you'll want to keep an eye on – Roland. This study delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). We employ data from the US Social Security Administration alongside LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to tackle this thorny issue. Our analysis reveals a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2002 to 2022.

Now, you might wonder, "What does a name have to do with stock prices?" Well, it turns out that a strong correlation exists between the two – almost as strong as a dad's love for making puns. Through our rigorous statistical analysis, we unravel this intricate relationship and offer a fresh perspective on the peculiar interplay between seemingly unrelated variables. So, buckle up and prepare for an eye-opening journey through the tangled web of nomenclature and financial markets!


[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The exploration of seemingly unconventional correlations has long captivated researchers, paving the way for unexpected discoveries and challenging established paradigms. In the realm of naming conventions and financial markets, the interplay between the popularity of a first name and stock prices has emerged as a peculiar area of interest. Several studies have delved into similar intriguing connections, shedding light on the broader landscape of unusual correlations and prompting us to question the boundaries of causality and coincidence.
In "Smith et al.'s Name Power and Market Trends," the authors find that there may be hidden significance in the prevalence of certain names within the general populace and their potential impact on market dynamics. This resonates with our inquiry into the link between the popularity of the name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company, an endeavor that may have seemed as far-fetched as expecting a financial analyst to moonlight as a stand-up comedian.
Diving deeper into the realm of nomenclature, "Doe and Jones' Moniker Manifestations in Financial Movements" offers insights into the psychological underpinnings of name recognition and its potential influence on consumer behavior and investment decisions. This raises thought-provoking questions regarding the role of personal nomenclature in shaping financial market trends and investor sentiment, almost like pondering the impact of a dad joke on a solemn boardroom meeting – unexpected, but worth considering.
Now, while these studies provide valuable groundwork for our investigation, it's essential to widen the lens and explore alternative sources of inspiration that may offer tangential insights into the peculiar correlation at hand. Turning to popular non-fiction works, "Freakonomics" by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner introduces the concept of unexpected correlations, showcasing how seemingly unrelated factors can intertwine in surprising ways. Similarly, "Outliers" by Malcolm Gladwell invites us to consider the hidden influences that shape success and may just hold relevance in our exploration of the Roland-Wells Fargo connection.
Shifting gears slightly, the fiction realm presents a treasure trove of narratives that may indirectly illuminate our research focus. In "The Name of the Rose" by Umberto Eco, the enigmatic title invites readers to unravel layers of symbolism and hidden meanings, akin to our quest to decipher the intertwined mysteries of Roland's popularity and Wells Fargo's stock price. Furthermore, the whimsical tale of Roland in "The Dark Tower" series by Stephen King offers a fantastical backdrop for contemplating the whimsical nature of our investigation – after all, who's to say that financial markets and name popularity can't intersect in the realm of fiction?
As we consider unconventional influences, it's only fitting to draw inspiration from unexpected quarters, including childhood cartoons and shows that may hold subconscious relevance to our research topic. Cartoons such as "Roland Rat: The Series" may spark nostalgic memories while subtly shaping perceptions of the name "Roland" and its potential impact – much like how childhood influences can seep into adulthood, or how a dad joke heard in youth can echo through the years, resurfacing at the most unexpected times.
Positioning our study within this eclectic tapestry of literature and cultural references, we set the stage for a lighthearted yet insightful exploration of the Roland-Wells Fargo correlation. As we venture into uncharted territory, embracing humor alongside scholarly rigor, we invite readers to join us in this whimsical odyssey where the unexpected meets the enlightening. After all, in the fusion of nomenclature and finance, who's to say that a pun or two won't offer a fresh perspective on the intricate dance of names and numbers?

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the relationship between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC) yielded some truly eyebrow-raising results. From the years 2002 to 2022, we found an impressive correlation coefficient of 0.9173211, indicating a remarkably strong positive correlation between the two variables. This correlation was further bolstered by an r-squared value of 0.8414780, suggesting that approximately 84.15% of the variation in WFC stock price can be explained by the popularity of the name "Roland." It seems that there's more to this name than meets the eye – much like a cleverly crafted dad joke.
To present this striking correlation in a visually digestible format, we have included a scatterplot (see Fig. 1) that vividly illustrates the robust relationship between the popularity of the name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company. The scatterplot paints a clear picture of this connection, leaving little room for doubt and ample room for the occasional pun about rolling the dice in the stock market.
Now, some may question the practical significance of such an unexpected correlation, but as the great Bard once said, "What's in a name?" Well, it turns out, quite a bit – especially when it comes to navigating the intricate landscape of financial markets. As the saying goes, "Fortune favors the bold," and in this case, it seems that fortune may just have a soft spot for the name "Roland."

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of our study present a compelling case for the presence of a remarkably strong positive correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). Our findings align with prior research, affirming the unexpected connections between nomenclature and financial markets with an emphasis on the curious relationship between personal names and stock price movements. It seems that in the elaborate dance of names and numbers, Roland has emerged as a star performer – much like that one relative at a family gathering who always steals the limelight.

Drawing from "Smith et al.'s Name Power and Market Trends," our study echoes the notion that certain names within the general populace may carry hidden significance and potential impact on market dynamics. As we ponder the influence of "Roland," it becomes evident that this name dances not only through social interactions but also within the intricate fabric of financial movements, almost like the protagonist of a dad joke, appearing unexpectedly but with undeniable impact.

Furthermore, our results resonate with insights from "Doe and Jones' Moniker Manifestations in Financial Movements," bringing to the fore the psychological underpinnings of name recognition and its influence on consumer behavior and investment decisions. It seems that the waves of sentiment and perception tied to a name can ripple into the ebb and flow of stock prices, much like the ripple effect of a well-timed dad joke in a serious conversation.

The buoyant correlation coefficient and compelling r-squared value serve as testaments to the robustness of the Roland-Wells Fargo connection, shedding light on a relationship that may have initially elicited skepticism, akin to a solid dad joke in a room full of skeptics. Our study reinforces the idea that the unexpected can trigger paradigm shifts, offering fresh avenues for investigating the nuances of causality and influence in financial markets.

As we steer through the realm of unconventional correlations, it's imperative to recognize the implications of our findings within the broader context of market dynamics and investor sentiment. The whimsical journey through the Roland-Wells Fargo correlation unveils the potential impact of seemingly unrelated factors and invites us to contemplate the uncharted territories of unorthodox influences on financial markets, like the influence of a dad joke in a serious business meeting – surprisingly impactful yet often overlooked.

We urge researchers and practitioners alike to delve further into the intricate relationship between nomenclature and market dynamics, embracing the unexpected with the same fervor as a well-timed dad joke. As we navigate this whimsical odyssey, let's embrace the enlightening possibilities that arise when names and numbers converge, recognizing that in the realm of finance, just like in a room full of dads, unexpected correlations may hold the key to unlocking new perspectives and insights.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name "Roland" and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
When it comes to financial success, there's a name you'll want to keep an eye on – Roland. This study delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). We employ data from the US Social Security Administration alongside LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to tackle this thorny issue. Our analysis reveals a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2002 to 2022.

Now, you might wonder, "What does a name have to do with stock prices?" Well, it turns out that a strong correlation exists between the two – almost as strong as a dad's love for making puns. Through our rigorous statistical analysis, we unravel this intricate relationship and offer a fresh perspective on the peculiar interplay between seemingly unrelated variables. So, buckle up and prepare for an eye-opening journey through the tangled web of nomenclature and financial markets!


[[INTRDUCTION]]
The concept of causality has long fascinated researchers and enthusiasts alike, driving them to examine peculiar relationships that seem to defy conventional wisdom. In the realm of finance, where data reigns supreme, the notion that the popularity of a first name could be linked to the stock price of a multinational company borders on the absurd – much like expecting a finance professor to crack jokes that actually land. Yet, as the saying goes, truth can be stranger than fiction.
Now, before diving into the depths of this arcane inquiry, let's address the elephant in the room – the inevitable "Roland" puns. It's quite a "Roland" of the dice to explore this correlation, but hey, in the world of research, sometimes you have to take a few risks to uncover hidden treasures. Let's roll on with the study and see where it takes us!
Wells Fargo & Company (NYSE: WFC) has been a stalwart in the financial services industry for decades, weathering numerous storms and market fluctuations – not unlike Roland, the brave and legendary hero of old tales. However, the connection between the company's stock price and the prevalence of the name "Roland" in the population may seem about as clear as a foggy morning in San Francisco.
As we endeavor to shed light on this enigmatic relationship, it's essential to recognize that names hold a peculiar power in shaping our perceptions and interactions. After all, a rose by any other name may smell as sweet, but the stock price of a financial institution by the name of Wells Fargo might just hold a surprise linked to the popularity of "Roland" in the modern era. Quite a curious conundrum indeed, akin to a financial mystery novel with a protagonist named Roland – "Roland and the Elusive Correlation."
So, what motivates us to embark on this journey of discovery? Well, beyond the sheer thrill of unraveling a riddle, understanding the potential influence of a name's popularity on a company's stock price could have far-reaching implications – not to mention it's a great conversation starter at dinner parties. Picture this: a dad joke walks into a study about stock market correlations and asks, "Have you heard about the Roland who shook up Wells Fargo?"
With our tongues firmly in our cheeks and our statistical tools at the ready, we aim to unravel this quirky connection and shed light on an unexpected intersection of nomenclature and financial markets. So, follow along as we embark on a whimsical odyssey through the land of Roland and Wells Fargo, and perhaps we'll emerge with more than just a few puns – though those are certainly not off the table.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the relationship between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC) yielded some truly eyebrow-raising results. From the years 2002 to 2022, we found an impressive correlation coefficient of 0.9173211, indicating a remarkably strong positive correlation between the two variables. This correlation was further bolstered by an r-squared value of 0.8414780, suggesting that approximately 84.15% of the variation in WFC stock price can be explained by the popularity of the name "Roland." It seems that there's more to this name than meets the eye – much like a cleverly crafted dad joke.
To present this striking correlation in a visually digestible format, we have included a scatterplot (see Fig. 1) that vividly illustrates the robust relationship between the popularity of the name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company. The scatterplot paints a clear picture of this connection, leaving little room for doubt and ample room for the occasional pun about rolling the dice in the stock market.
Now, some may question the practical significance of such an unexpected correlation, but as the great Bard once said, "What's in a name?" Well, it turns out, quite a bit – especially when it comes to navigating the intricate landscape of financial markets. As the saying goes, "Fortune favors the bold," and in this case, it seems that fortune may just have a soft spot for the name "Roland."

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study has uncovered a surprisingly strong correlation between the popularity of the name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company. It seems that as "Roland" goes, so goes the stock price of WFC – talk about a name with stock market clout! It's almost as though every time "Roland" gains popularity, Wells Fargo's stock price rolls up in sync, like a well-choreographed dad dance at a family gathering.

Our findings not only highlight the remarkable connection between these seemingly disparate variables but also underscore the potential influence of nomenclature on investor sentiment and market dynamics. It's as if the name "Roland" has quietly been whispering financial advice to investors all along – maybe it's time we start taking naming conventions more seriously in the world of finance. After all, who wouldn't want their stock portfolio to be "Roland" in dough?

As we wrap up this study, it's clear that our results open up a world of possibilities for future research at the intersection of names and financial markets. However, as tempting as it may be to delve further into the realm of quirky correlations, it's safe to say that we've rolled the dice and struck proverbial gold with this discovery. It's like finding the holy grail of pun-worthy research topics – we've hit the "Roland" jackpot!

In the end, it seems that the name "Roland" carries more weight in the financial world than previously imagined. With our study, we've not only elevated the status of this storied name but also provided a solid foundation for future investigations into the intriguing interplay between names and market behavior. As they say, "Behind every successful stock, there's a Roland waiting to be called."

This research significantly advances our understanding of the quirky connections that can exist in the financial realm. We hope that our findings inspire further exploration in this area, although it's hard to top the sheer delight of discovering the "Roland" effect. It's as though the financial markets have been secretly longing for this revelation all along – a love story between names and numbers, a true rom-com for the financial world.

With that said, it's safe to conclude that no amount of additional research in this area is needed. We've firmly rolled the dice and hit the jackpot with this one, leaving us with only one thing left to say: "Roland, Roland, Roland your stocks, gently down the stream. Merrily, merrily, merrily, merrily, life is but a financial dream!"


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Quirky Connections


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Institute for Quirky Research and Statistical Analysis


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Roland the Dice: Exploring the Link Between the Popularity of the Name Roland and Wells Fargo & Company's Stock Price with an abstract of When it comes to financial success, there's a name you'll want to keep an eye on – Roland. This study delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Roland" and the stock price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC). We employ data from the US Social Security Administration alongside LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to tackle this thorny issue. Our analysis reveals a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9173211 and p < 0.01 for the time period spanning from 2002 to 2022.
Now, you might wonder, "What does a name have to do with stock prices?" Well, it turns out that a strong correlation exists between the two – almost as strong as a dad's love for making puns. Through our rigorous statistical analysis, we unravel this intricate relationship and offer a fresh perspective on the peculiar interplay between seemingly unrelated variables. So, buckle up and prepare for an eye-opening journey through the tangled web of nomenclature and financial markets!

ChatGPT:

Roland, popularity, name, Wells Fargo stock price, correlation, US Social Security Administration, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, correlation coefficient, statistical analysis, nomenclature, financial markets

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Popularity of the first name Roland
Detailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Roland
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Roland

Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Wells Fargo & Company (WFC) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC)

Correlation r = 0.9173211 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.8414780 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 84.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Roland) over the 21 years from 2002 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 4.9E-9. 0.0000000049131469970917170000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.92 in 4.9E-7% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 203,535,534 random variables You don't actually need 203 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 20 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 20 because we have two variables measured over a period of 21 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.8, 0.97 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
Popularity of the first name Roland (Babies born)238249236277265301296304290302313360438471510534514537488403458
Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC) (Stock price)21.6923.5829.2531.1231.635.9330.4829.1827.0231.327.9435.0345.1555.1153.0955.6761.0445.5353.8530.3248.93




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([238,249,236,277,265,301,296,304,290,302,313,360,438,471,510,534,514,537,488,403,458,])
array_2 = np.array([21.69,23.58,29.25,31.12,31.6,35.93,30.48,29.18,27.02,31.3,27.94,35.03,45.15,55.11,53.09,55.67,61.04,45.53,53.85,30.32,48.93,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Roland"
array_2_name = "Wells Fargo & Company's stock price (WFC)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 3589 · Black Variable ID: 3231 · Red Variable ID: 1591
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