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Spurious correlation #3,586 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and the second variable is Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW).  The chart goes from 2011 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As more people studied Biological sciences, they "leaf" behind hardware jobs for greener pastures, boosting LOW stock with their "roots to success" knowledge.

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie: Create a charming scene where a vibrant university graduation ceremony takes place, with a group of exuberant students proudly receiving their Associate's degrees in Biological sciences. In the background, a bustling stock ticker prominently displays Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) rising steadily. The graduates are surrounded by a lush, green landscape, symbolizing the promise of a flourishing field as more and more hardware industry professionals excitedly wave goodbye to their current jobs and look towards a future filled with opportunities in nurturing greenery and natural sciences. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Cutsy art illustration Macabre Cute 2D animation An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie Whimsical illustration
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW), in the following situation: As more people studied Biological sciences, they "leaf" behind hardware jobs for greener pastures, boosting LOW stock with their "roots to success" knowledge.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling university graduation ceremony, a group of students proudly receives their Associate's degrees in Biological sciences. In the background, a stock ticker prominently displays Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) rising steadily as more and more people in the hardware industry excitedly wave goodbye to their current jobs and look towards a field of flourishing greenery.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling university graduation ceremony, a group of students proudly receives their Associate's degrees in Biological sciences. In the background, a stock ticker prominently displays Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) rising steadily as more and more people in the hardware industry excitedly wave goodbye to their current jobs and look towards a field of flourishing greenery. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie: Create a charming scene where a vibrant university graduation ceremony takes place, with a group of exuberant students proudly receiving their Associate's degrees in Biological sciences. In the background, a bustling stock ticker prominently displays Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) rising steadily. The graduates are surrounded by a lush, green landscape, symbolizing the promise of a flourishing field as more and more hardware industry professionals excitedly wave goodbye to their current jobs and look towards a future filled with opportunities in nurturing greenery and natural sciences.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide humerus responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else. Your responses should be able to be used as the title for a funny post, or the top comment on a thread explaining the connection.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences caused Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) to increase. Make the explanation funny. Keep it to ~70 tokens. Include a lot of puns.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows

Journal of Biofinancial Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Rhyme words in the title.

Your research team used data from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 and p < 0.01 for 2011 to 2021.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper explores the unlikely connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous statistical analysis covering the period from 2011 to 2021. Our research yielded a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 with p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. The findings of this study not only emphasize the significance of the biological sciences, but also shed light on the quirky relationships that exist in the financial market. We delve into the implications and potential explanations for this surprising correlation, drawing attention to the interplay between the growth of academia and the performance of the stock market. This research aims to stimulate further inquiry into whimsical connections in the realm of finance and education.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper explores the unlikely connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous statistical analysis covering the period from 2011 to 2021. Our research yielded a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 with p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. The findings of this study not only emphasize the significance of the biological sciences, but also shed light on the quirky relationships that exist in the financial market. We delve into the implications and potential explanations for this surprising correlation, drawing attention to the interplay between the growth of academia and the performance of the stock market. This research aims to stimulate further inquiry into whimsical connections in the realm of finance and education.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

Ah, the world of research! A place where data reigns supreme, and relationships bloom in the most unexpected of places. In this study, we embark on a journey through the tangled vines of academia and the fluctuating tides of the stock market. Our curiosity was piqued by the unconventional pairing of associates degrees in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Who would have thought that the microscopic world of cellular biology could hold sway over the bulging aisles of a home improvement retailer? Yet, here we are, ready to unravel the strands of correlation woven between these seemingly disparate entities.

As with any scientific endeavor, our quest began with an earnest desire to poke fun at conventional wisdom and poke around in the peculiarities of the world. After all, what's research without a sprinkle of mischief and a dash of unpredictability? Armed with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics, our statistical microscope zoomed in on the period from 2011 to 2021. There, amidst the petri dish of numbers and charts, we discovered a correlation coefficient that sent even the most stalwart of researchers into a fit of bemusement. With a robust 0.9760762 and p < 0.01, our findings revealed a relationship so strong, it almost seemed like a scientific anomaly in and of itself.

The implications of these findings are nothing short of staggering, much like the towering shelves in Lowe's warehouses. Our exploration dances on the edge of understanding the inner workings of academia's growth and the capricious movements of the stock market. It's as if we've stumbled upon a treasure trove of knowledge, hidden in the back aisles of a market teeming with fiscal endeavors. This paper serves as an invitation to peer through the looking glass of whimsy, beckoning forth more curious minds to ponder the connections that bind the biological and the financial realms.

So come one, come all, and join us in this exhilarating quest as we navigate the winding pathways of academia and the obstinate peaks and valleys of stock prices. Let's embrace the unexpected, the offbeat, and the downright bizarre, for it is in these scholarly adventures that we uncover the hidden gems of understanding. After all, what's life without a little bit of mystery and a whole lot of statistical mischief?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper explores the unlikely connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous statistical analysis covering the period from 2011 to 2021. Our research yielded a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 with p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. The findings of this study not only emphasize the significance of the biological sciences, but also shed light on the quirky relationships that exist in the financial market. We delve into the implications and potential explanations for this surprising correlation, drawing attention to the interplay between the growth of academia and the performance of the stock market. This research aims to stimulate further inquiry into whimsical connections in the realm of finance and education.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Ah, the world of research! A place where data reigns supreme, and relationships bloom in the most unexpected of places. In this study, we embark on a journey through the tangled vines of academia and the fluctuating tides of the stock market. Our curiosity was piqued by the unconventional pairing of associates degrees in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Who would have thought that the microscopic world of cellular biology could hold sway over the bulging aisles of a home improvement retailer? Yet, here we are, ready to unravel the strands of correlation woven between these seemingly disparate entities.
As with any scientific endeavor, our quest began with an earnest desire to poke fun at conventional wisdom and poke around in the peculiarities of the world. After all, what's research without a sprinkle of mischief and a dash of unpredictability? Armed with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics, our statistical microscope zoomed in on the period from 2011 to 2021. There, amidst the petri dish of numbers and charts, we discovered a correlation coefficient that sent even the most stalwart of researchers into a fit of bemusement. With a robust 0.9760762 and p < 0.01, our findings revealed a relationship so strong, it almost seemed like a scientific anomaly in and of itself.
The implications of these findings are nothing short of staggering, much like the towering shelves in Lowe's warehouses. Our exploration dances on the edge of understanding the inner workings of academia's growth and the capricious movements of the stock market. It's as if we've stumbled upon a treasure trove of knowledge, hidden in the back aisles of a market teeming with fiscal endeavors. This paper serves as an invitation to peer through the looking glass of whimsy, beckoning forth more curious minds to ponder the connections that bind the biological and the financial realms.
So come one, come all, and join us in this exhilarating quest as we navigate the winding pathways of academia and the obstinate peaks and valleys of stock prices. Let's embrace the unexpected, the offbeat, and the downright bizarre, for it is in these scholarly adventures that we uncover the hidden gems of understanding. After all, what's life without a little bit of mystery and a whole lot of statistical mischief?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "Biological Science Degrees and Their Impact on Corporations," Smith and Doe aim to elucidate the possible correlations between academic pursuits in biological sciences and the financial performance of corporations. They delve into the nitty-gritty details of cellular biology, attempting to uncover the potential influences it may have on the stock market. Similarly, Jones et al., in "The Biological Bottom Line," explore the relationship between biological education and its broader effects on the economy. Their work offers insight into the far-reaching repercussions of biological sciences on financial landscapes.

Moving on to more tangentially related literature, "The Selfish Gene" by Richard Dawkins presents a compelling argument for the pervasive impact of genes in biological systems, and one might argue, in economic systems as well. Meanwhile, "Lab Girl" by Hope Jahren provides a personal narrative of a scientist's journey, weaving together the intricacies of plant biology and the human experience. These works, though not directly related to stock prices or corporate entities, offer valuable perspectives on the biological sciences and their potential influence on various aspects of our lives.

In a departure from traditional sources, the literature review also involves a study of unconventional texts. "The Cat in the Hat" by Dr. Seuss, though ostensibly focusing on the mischievous antics of a feline, indirectly highlights the impact of chaos theory on seemingly stable environments. Furthermore, the compelling argument that "Green Eggs and Ham" makes for the diversification of investment portfolios cannot be ignored, as it provides an allegorical representation of the reluctance to consider unconventional options.

In an unexpected twist, an in-depth review of CVS receipts from various geographic locations was conducted, providing valuable insights into the purchasing habits of individuals. While it may seem far-fetched, these mundane slips of paper unveiled hidden patterns in consumer behavior that could, in some universe, be related to the fluctuations in Lowe's stock price.

The search for connections between the biological sciences and financial markets has led to a broad exploration of literature, from scholarly articles to whimsical children's books and even the unassuming CVS receipt. The journey down this rabbit hole of academic curiosity has certainly been an enlightening one, illuminating the unpredictability and the occasional absurdity that accompanies scholarly inquiries.



Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2011 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper explores the unlikely connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous statistical analysis covering the period from 2011 to 2021. Our research yielded a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 with p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. The findings of this study not only emphasize the significance of the biological sciences, but also shed light on the quirky relationships that exist in the financial market. We delve into the implications and potential explanations for this surprising correlation, drawing attention to the interplay between the growth of academia and the performance of the stock market. This research aims to stimulate further inquiry into whimsical connections in the realm of finance and education.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
Ah, the world of research! A place where data reigns supreme, and relationships bloom in the most unexpected of places. In this study, we embark on a journey through the tangled vines of academia and the fluctuating tides of the stock market. Our curiosity was piqued by the unconventional pairing of associates degrees in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Who would have thought that the microscopic world of cellular biology could hold sway over the bulging aisles of a home improvement retailer? Yet, here we are, ready to unravel the strands of correlation woven between these seemingly disparate entities.
As with any scientific endeavor, our quest began with an earnest desire to poke fun at conventional wisdom and poke around in the peculiarities of the world. After all, what's research without a sprinkle of mischief and a dash of unpredictability? Armed with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics, our statistical microscope zoomed in on the period from 2011 to 2021. There, amidst the petri dish of numbers and charts, we discovered a correlation coefficient that sent even the most stalwart of researchers into a fit of bemusement. With a robust 0.9760762 and p < 0.01, our findings revealed a relationship so strong, it almost seemed like a scientific anomaly in and of itself.
The implications of these findings are nothing short of staggering, much like the towering shelves in Lowe's warehouses. Our exploration dances on the edge of understanding the inner workings of academia's growth and the capricious movements of the stock market. It's as if we've stumbled upon a treasure trove of knowledge, hidden in the back aisles of a market teeming with fiscal endeavors. This paper serves as an invitation to peer through the looking glass of whimsy, beckoning forth more curious minds to ponder the connections that bind the biological and the financial realms.
So come one, come all, and join us in this exhilarating quest as we navigate the winding pathways of academia and the obstinate peaks and valleys of stock prices. Let's embrace the unexpected, the offbeat, and the downright bizarre, for it is in these scholarly adventures that we uncover the hidden gems of understanding. After all, what's life without a little bit of mystery and a whole lot of statistical mischief?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Data Collection:
Our data collection process resembled a fascinating scavenger hunt, albeit one conducted from the comfort of our desks. With the cunning of a sleuth and the diligence of a beaver, we scoured the vast expanse of the internet, delving deep into the repositories of knowledge offered by the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). Like intrepid adventurers, we charted our course from the year 2011 to 2021, gathering mounds of data on the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and the tumultuous undulations of Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Of course, the reliability of our sources was as solid as a rock formation, ensuring that our data were as sturdy as the mighty OAK trees in Lowe's garden section.

Data Analysis:
Armed with an arsenal of statistical tools and the unwavering strength of a herd of elephants, we set out to unveil the mysteries hidden within the data. Our trusty calculators hummed like industrious worker bees, crunching numbers and churning out results with the precision of a top-of-the-line power tool from Lowe's hardware department. We fed our data into the hungry jaws of regression models, ANOVA tests, and correlation analyses, watching with bated breath as the numbers danced like playful electrons in a biological experiment. Our analysis swirled like a tornado, sweeping through the intricacies of statistical significance and emerging with a correlation coefficient of 0.9760762, and p < 0.01, akin to unearthing a rare gem amidst the rubble of data points.

Limitations:
Alas, even the most daring of researchers must reckon with the limitations imposed by the scientific landscape. Our study, like a well-designed experiment, was not devoid of constraints. The reliance on historical data and the ever-shifting nature of the stock market introduce nuances that tangle the threads of our findings. Furthermore, the multitude of factors influencing stock prices and the complexities of academic pursuits render our analysis a mere snapshot of a continuous saga. It's akin to trying to capture the beauty of a blooming flower—a moment frozen in time, but unable to encapsulate the full essence of growth and change.

Conclusion:
Despite the winding journey, fraught with twists and turns, our analysis provides a tantalizing glimpse into the entwined fates of academia and finance. The robust correlation revealed between associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) beckons forth further exploration, much like the discovery of a hidden garden in the aisles of a bustling warehouse. Our study serves as a testament to the captivating interplay of disparate worlds, reminding us that even in the realm of academia and the stock market, whimsical connections await those willing to embark on an intrepid scientific escapade.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2011 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.9760762, r-squared of 0.9527248, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper explores the unlikely connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous statistical analysis covering the period from 2011 to 2021. Our research yielded a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 with p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. The findings of this study not only emphasize the significance of the biological sciences, but also shed light on the quirky relationships that exist in the financial market. We delve into the implications and potential explanations for this surprising correlation, drawing attention to the interplay between the growth of academia and the performance of the stock market. This research aims to stimulate further inquiry into whimsical connections in the realm of finance and education.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Ah, the world of research! A place where data reigns supreme, and relationships bloom in the most unexpected of places. In this study, we embark on a journey through the tangled vines of academia and the fluctuating tides of the stock market. Our curiosity was piqued by the unconventional pairing of associates degrees in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Who would have thought that the microscopic world of cellular biology could hold sway over the bulging aisles of a home improvement retailer? Yet, here we are, ready to unravel the strands of correlation woven between these seemingly disparate entities.
As with any scientific endeavor, our quest began with an earnest desire to poke fun at conventional wisdom and poke around in the peculiarities of the world. After all, what's research without a sprinkle of mischief and a dash of unpredictability? Armed with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics, our statistical microscope zoomed in on the period from 2011 to 2021. There, amidst the petri dish of numbers and charts, we discovered a correlation coefficient that sent even the most stalwart of researchers into a fit of bemusement. With a robust 0.9760762 and p < 0.01, our findings revealed a relationship so strong, it almost seemed like a scientific anomaly in and of itself.
The implications of these findings are nothing short of staggering, much like the towering shelves in Lowe's warehouses. Our exploration dances on the edge of understanding the inner workings of academia's growth and the capricious movements of the stock market. It's as if we've stumbled upon a treasure trove of knowledge, hidden in the back aisles of a market teeming with fiscal endeavors. This paper serves as an invitation to peer through the looking glass of whimsy, beckoning forth more curious minds to ponder the connections that bind the biological and the financial realms.
So come one, come all, and join us in this exhilarating quest as we navigate the winding pathways of academia and the obstinate peaks and valleys of stock prices. Let's embrace the unexpected, the offbeat, and the downright bizarre, for it is in these scholarly adventures that we uncover the hidden gems of understanding. After all, what's life without a little bit of mystery and a whole lot of statistical mischief?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The statistical analysis of the data collected from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) provided intriguing insights into the association between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) from 2011 to 2021. The correlation coefficient, the r-squared value, and the level of significance (p-value) collectively revealed a relationship that left even the most seasoned analysts scratching their heads in bemusement.

We found a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762, indicating an exceptionally strong positive association between the number of biological sciences associates degrees and LOW stock price. This correlation is strong enough to make one wonder if microbiology textbooks should now include chapters on financial forecasts and stock trend analysis. The r-squared value of 0.9527248 further reinforces the robustness of this relationship, indicating that approximately 95% of the variability in LOW stock price can be explained by the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences. It's almost as if the biology of education is intricately woven into the very fabric of Lowe's financial performance.

The p-value of less than 0.01 provides compelling evidence to reject the null hypothesis of no association, leaving us with the undeniable conclusion that there is indeed a significant relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. Who would have thought that the intricacies of cellular biology could hold sway over the temperamental undulations of stock prices? It's a riveting tale of science and finance, intertwined in a way that challenges traditional thinking and tickles the fancy of the curious mind.

As a demonstration of this compelling connection, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot that vividly illustrates the strong positive correlation between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and LOW stock price. It's a visual representation that speaks volumes, showcasing the unexpected harmony between these two domains.

These results not only underscore the importance of delving into the uncharted territories of academic and financial intersections but also beckon forth further inquiry into the quirkier aspects of the scientific and financial worlds. After all, in the realm of research, every unexpected twist and turn leads to a deeper understanding of the complex tapestry of knowledge and human endeavor.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper explores the unlikely connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous statistical analysis covering the period from 2011 to 2021. Our research yielded a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 with p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. The findings of this study not only emphasize the significance of the biological sciences, but also shed light on the quirky relationships that exist in the financial market. We delve into the implications and potential explanations for this surprising correlation, drawing attention to the interplay between the growth of academia and the performance of the stock market. This research aims to stimulate further inquiry into whimsical connections in the realm of finance and education.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "Biological Science Degrees and Their Impact on Corporations," Smith and Doe aim to elucidate the possible correlations between academic pursuits in biological sciences and the financial performance of corporations. They delve into the nitty-gritty details of cellular biology, attempting to uncover the potential influences it may have on the stock market. Similarly, Jones et al., in "The Biological Bottom Line," explore the relationship between biological education and its broader effects on the economy. Their work offers insight into the far-reaching repercussions of biological sciences on financial landscapes.
Moving on to more tangentially related literature, "The Selfish Gene" by Richard Dawkins presents a compelling argument for the pervasive impact of genes in biological systems, and one might argue, in economic systems as well. Meanwhile, "Lab Girl" by Hope Jahren provides a personal narrative of a scientist's journey, weaving together the intricacies of plant biology and the human experience. These works, though not directly related to stock prices or corporate entities, offer valuable perspectives on the biological sciences and their potential influence on various aspects of our lives.
In a departure from traditional sources, the literature review also involves a study of unconventional texts. "The Cat in the Hat" by Dr. Seuss, though ostensibly focusing on the mischievous antics of a feline, indirectly highlights the impact of chaos theory on seemingly stable environments. Furthermore, the compelling argument that "Green Eggs and Ham" makes for the diversification of investment portfolios cannot be ignored, as it provides an allegorical representation of the reluctance to consider unconventional options.
In an unexpected twist, an in-depth review of CVS receipts from various geographic locations was conducted, providing valuable insights into the purchasing habits of individuals. While it may seem far-fetched, these mundane slips of paper unveiled hidden patterns in consumer behavior that could, in some universe, be related to the fluctuations in Lowe's stock price.
The search for connections between the biological sciences and financial markets has led to a broad exploration of literature, from scholarly articles to whimsical children's books and even the unassuming CVS receipt. The journey down this rabbit hole of academic curiosity has certainly been an enlightening one, illuminating the unpredictability and the occasional absurdity that accompanies scholarly inquiries.


[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) provided intriguing insights into the association between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) from 2011 to 2021. The correlation coefficient, the r-squared value, and the level of significance (p-value) collectively revealed a relationship that left even the most seasoned analysts scratching their heads in bemusement.
We found a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762, indicating an exceptionally strong positive association between the number of biological sciences associates degrees and LOW stock price. This correlation is strong enough to make one wonder if microbiology textbooks should now include chapters on financial forecasts and stock trend analysis. The r-squared value of 0.9527248 further reinforces the robustness of this relationship, indicating that approximately 95% of the variability in LOW stock price can be explained by the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences. It's almost as if the biology of education is intricately woven into the very fabric of Lowe's financial performance.
The p-value of less than 0.01 provides compelling evidence to reject the null hypothesis of no association, leaving us with the undeniable conclusion that there is indeed a significant relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. Who would have thought that the intricacies of cellular biology could hold sway over the temperamental undulations of stock prices? It's a riveting tale of science and finance, intertwined in a way that challenges traditional thinking and tickles the fancy of the curious mind.
As a demonstration of this compelling connection, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot that vividly illustrates the strong positive correlation between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and LOW stock price. It's a visual representation that speaks volumes, showcasing the unexpected harmony between these two domains.
These results not only underscore the importance of delving into the uncharted territories of academic and financial intersections but also beckon forth further inquiry into the quirkier aspects of the scientific and financial worlds. After all, in the realm of research, every unexpected twist and turn leads to a deeper understanding of the complex tapestry of knowledge and human endeavor.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of our research have left even the most seasoned analysts scratching their heads in bemusement but with a newfound appreciation for the potential connections between biological education and stock market performance. Our study not only builds upon existing research but also highlights the unconventional yet surprisingly robust link between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW).

Our literature review took us down a rabbit hole of academic curiosity, encompassing everything from scholarly articles to whimsical children's books and even the unassuming CVS receipt. These unconventional sources provided valuable insights and unexpected inspiration, demonstrating the unpredictability and the occasional absurdity that accompanies scholarly inquiries. While perhaps not your typical academic reading list, their influence made us wonder if we should begin shaping our research inquiries around "Green Eggs and Ham" allegories in diversifying investment portfolios and whether "The Cat in the Hat" holds the key to understanding chaos theory in market stability.

The remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 reaffirms the strength of the relationship between biological education and LOW stock price, leaving us pondering whether microbiology textbooks should now incorporate financial forecasts and stock trend analysis. The robustness of this connection, as reinforced by the r-squared value of 0.9527248, hints at a deeply woven fabric where the biology of education intertwines with the financial performance of Lowe's. It's as if we've stumbled into the microbial mysteries of stock market unpredictability.

With a p-value of less than 0.01, our findings provide compelling evidence to reject the null hypothesis of no association, thus cementing the undeniable conclusion that there is a significant relationship between the number of biological sciences associates degrees and LOW stock price. This striking conclusion challenges traditional thinking, prompting us to consider the potential impact of education on the temperamental undulations of stock prices. Who would have thought that the intricacies of cellular biology could hold sway over the financial world?

In Figure 1, our scatterplot vividly illustrates this unexpected harmony between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and LOW stock price, providing a visual representation that speaks volumes. These results beckon forth further inquiry into the quirkier aspects of the scientific and financial worlds, igniting a riveting tale of science and finance that challenges conventional wisdom and tickles the fancy of the curious mind. Whether these findings lead to a shift in investment strategy or a rise in demand for biology textbooks among stock analysts, only time will tell.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper explores the unlikely connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous statistical analysis covering the period from 2011 to 2021. Our research yielded a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 with p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. The findings of this study not only emphasize the significance of the biological sciences, but also shed light on the quirky relationships that exist in the financial market. We delve into the implications and potential explanations for this surprising correlation, drawing attention to the interplay between the growth of academia and the performance of the stock market. This research aims to stimulate further inquiry into whimsical connections in the realm of finance and education.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Ah, the world of research! A place where data reigns supreme, and relationships bloom in the most unexpected of places. In this study, we embark on a journey through the tangled vines of academia and the fluctuating tides of the stock market. Our curiosity was piqued by the unconventional pairing of associates degrees in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Who would have thought that the microscopic world of cellular biology could hold sway over the bulging aisles of a home improvement retailer? Yet, here we are, ready to unravel the strands of correlation woven between these seemingly disparate entities.
As with any scientific endeavor, our quest began with an earnest desire to poke fun at conventional wisdom and poke around in the peculiarities of the world. After all, what's research without a sprinkle of mischief and a dash of unpredictability? Armed with data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics, our statistical microscope zoomed in on the period from 2011 to 2021. There, amidst the petri dish of numbers and charts, we discovered a correlation coefficient that sent even the most stalwart of researchers into a fit of bemusement. With a robust 0.9760762 and p < 0.01, our findings revealed a relationship so strong, it almost seemed like a scientific anomaly in and of itself.
The implications of these findings are nothing short of staggering, much like the towering shelves in Lowe's warehouses. Our exploration dances on the edge of understanding the inner workings of academia's growth and the capricious movements of the stock market. It's as if we've stumbled upon a treasure trove of knowledge, hidden in the back aisles of a market teeming with fiscal endeavors. This paper serves as an invitation to peer through the looking glass of whimsy, beckoning forth more curious minds to ponder the connections that bind the biological and the financial realms.
So come one, come all, and join us in this exhilarating quest as we navigate the winding pathways of academia and the obstinate peaks and valleys of stock prices. Let's embrace the unexpected, the offbeat, and the downright bizarre, for it is in these scholarly adventures that we uncover the hidden gems of understanding. After all, what's life without a little bit of mystery and a whole lot of statistical mischief?

[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) provided intriguing insights into the association between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) from 2011 to 2021. The correlation coefficient, the r-squared value, and the level of significance (p-value) collectively revealed a relationship that left even the most seasoned analysts scratching their heads in bemusement.
We found a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762, indicating an exceptionally strong positive association between the number of biological sciences associates degrees and LOW stock price. This correlation is strong enough to make one wonder if microbiology textbooks should now include chapters on financial forecasts and stock trend analysis. The r-squared value of 0.9527248 further reinforces the robustness of this relationship, indicating that approximately 95% of the variability in LOW stock price can be explained by the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences. It's almost as if the biology of education is intricately woven into the very fabric of Lowe's financial performance.
The p-value of less than 0.01 provides compelling evidence to reject the null hypothesis of no association, leaving us with the undeniable conclusion that there is indeed a significant relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. Who would have thought that the intricacies of cellular biology could hold sway over the temperamental undulations of stock prices? It's a riveting tale of science and finance, intertwined in a way that challenges traditional thinking and tickles the fancy of the curious mind.
As a demonstration of this compelling connection, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot that vividly illustrates the strong positive correlation between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and LOW stock price. It's a visual representation that speaks volumes, showcasing the unexpected harmony between these two domains.
These results not only underscore the importance of delving into the uncharted territories of academic and financial intersections but also beckon forth further inquiry into the quirkier aspects of the scientific and financial worlds. After all, in the realm of research, every unexpected twist and turn leads to a deeper understanding of the complex tapestry of knowledge and human endeavor.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our journey through the labyrinth of data has unveiled a surprising relationship between the awarding of associates degrees in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). The robust correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 unearthed a connection so strong, it's as if the cells of biology are directly influencing the market's DNA. With an r-squared value of 0.9527248, it's evident that the biological sciences are not just flourishing in laboratories but also flourishing in the bustling shelves of this home improvement retailer.

The implications of this discovery are nothing short of exhilarating, much like a rollercoaster ride through statistical wonderland. This unforeseen association calls upon researchers and investors alike to delve deeper into the quirky connections that defy conventional understanding. Who knows, perhaps the next breakthrough in stock market predictions may stem from the petals of a biology lab rather than the spreadsheets of Wall Street.

Therefore, it is with great delight that we assert the conclusive nature of these findings: no more research is needed in this offbeat and wildly captivating intersection of biological sciences and Lowe's stock performance. As the saying goes, sometimes the most unusual connections lead to the most extraordinary revelations. Cheers to the unexpected and the unexplored, for it is in these uncharted territories that we uncover the most delightful surprises.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Biofinancial Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Association for Biofinancial Research and Analysis


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Nucleus to Stock Prices: Associating Associates in Biological Sciences with Lowe's Lows with an abstract of This paper explores the unlikely connection between the number of associates degrees awarded in biological sciences and Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW). Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we conducted a rigorous statistical analysis covering the period from 2011 to 2021. Our research yielded a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9760762 with p < 0.01, indicating a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. The findings of this study not only emphasize the significance of the biological sciences, but also shed light on the quirky relationships that exist in the financial market. We delve into the implications and potential explanations for this surprising correlation, drawing attention to the interplay between the growth of academia and the performance of the stock market. This research aims to stimulate further inquiry into whimsical connections in the realm of finance and education.

ChatGPT:

associates degrees, biological sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, statistical analysis, correlation coefficient, stock price, Lowe's Companies, financial market, academic growth, stock performance, whimsical connections, finance and education

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences
Detailed data title: Associate's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions with a field of study of Biological and biomedical sciences
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
See what else correlates with Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences

Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Lowe's Companies (LOW) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW)

Correlation r = 0.9760762 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9527248 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 95.3% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences) over the 11 years from 2011 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 2.9E-7. 0.0000002865517262330813000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.98 in 2.9E-5% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 3,489,771 random variables You don't actually need 3 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 10 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 10 because we have two variables measured over a period of 11 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.91, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20112012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences (Degrees awarded)32763834418545574883526655506391729974549208
Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW) (Stock price)25.2125.6636.1349.556974.6971.7193.0291.22120.05160.77




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([3276,3834,4185,4557,4883,5266,5550,6391,7299,7454,9208,])
array_2 = np.array([25.21,25.66,36.13,49.55,69,74.69,71.71,93.02,91.22,120.05,160.77,])
array_1_name = "Associates degrees awarded in Biological sciences"
array_2_name = "Lowe's Companies' stock price (LOW)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 3586 · Black Variable ID: 1211 · Red Variable ID: 1607
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