Spurious correlation #3,379 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The number of Breweries in the United States and the second variable is Biomass power generated in Uruguay. The chart goes from 1990 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The number of Breweries in the United States and the second variable is Biomass power generated in Uruguay. The chart goes from 1990 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As the number of breweries in the United States hops up, there's a barley-able increase in spent grain production. This surplus of grain is then exported to Uruguay, where it's used as a fuel source for biomass power generation. In other words, it's a sudsy situation leading to a powerful impact - talk about a brew-tiful connection!

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image capturing the juxtaposition between a bustling American city and a serene Uruguayan countryside united by sustainable energy. In the foreground, depict a row of vibrant breweries with tall smokestacks emitting steam against the backdrop of the cityscape. Next to them, show a lush Uruguayan countryside with towering wind turbines and rows of solar panels. A biomass power plant, fueled by leftover grains from the American breweries, stands prominently. The scene should seamlessly blend the two environments, showcasing the harmonious coexistence of urban life and natural landscapes powered by sustainable energy sources. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: The number of Breweries in the United States and Biomass power generated in Uruguay. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Cyber folk An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' Cute 2D animation Oragami Voxel art
ChatGPT: Cyber folk

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both The number of Breweries in the United States and Biomass power generated in Uruguay, in the following situation: Because as the number of breweries in the United States increased, there was a corresponding rise in the production of beer and leftover grains. As these grains piled up, ingenious entrepreneurs realized they could be used to fuel biomass power plants. This led to a surge in the demand for biomass power in Uruguay, indirectly powered by the frothy byproducts of American craft beer.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling American city, a row of vibrant breweries line the streets, each with tall smokestacks emitting steam. Meanwhile, in a lush countryside in Uruguay, towering wind turbines and rows of solar panels stand next to a biomass power plant, all powered by the leftover grains from the American breweries.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Cyber folk ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling American city, a row of vibrant breweries line the streets, each with tall smokestacks emitting steam. Meanwhile, in a lush countryside in Uruguay, towering wind turbines and rows of solar panels stand next to a biomass power plant, all powered by the leftover grains from the American breweries. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image capturing the juxtaposition between a bustling American city and a serene Uruguayan countryside united by sustainable energy. In the foreground, depict a row of vibrant breweries with tall smokestacks emitting steam against the backdrop of the cityscape. Next to them, show a lush Uruguayan countryside with towering wind turbines and rows of solar panels. A biomass power plant, fueled by leftover grains from the American breweries, stands prominently. The scene should seamlessly blend the two environments, showcasing the harmonious coexistence of urban life and natural landscapes powered by sustainable energy sources.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in The number of Breweries in the United States caused Biomass power generated in Uruguay to increase. Include one good pun.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay

The Journal of Fermentation and Green Energy

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of Breweries in the United States and Biomass power generated in Uruguay. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some movies that you watched that are tangentially related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay has long been overlooked in the academic literature. In this study, we delved into this marvellous and quirky area of investigation to unravel the potential interplay between these seemingly unrelated factors. Using data from the Brewers Association and Energy Information Administration, we performed a comprehensive analysis covering the period from 1990 to 2021. Our findings revealed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9292523 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust relationship between the two variables.

Just when one might have thought that beer and bioenergy are as different as hops and ash, our research uncovers a fascinating link that leaves us hopping with excitement. The unmistakable connection between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay challenges traditional economic and environmental paradigms. Our results not only highlight the potential impact of frothy fermentations on renewable energy initiatives but also offer a refreshing perspective on the intricate dynamics of global resource utilization.

Furthermore, our investigation sheds light on the potentially synergistic relationship between fermenting grains and generating renewable energy, adding a new dimension to the age-old debate about the true "spirits" of sustainability. These captivating findings may stimulate further research into the unexpected connections between seemingly disparate industries, demonstrating once again that the world of academia is anything but ale-ing.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
In the realm of scientific inquiry, serendipitous discoveries and unusual connections often lead to groundbreaking insights. Much like stumbling upon a hidden microbrewery in the heart of a bustling city, our exploration of the relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay has unearthed a captivating correlation that demands further investigation.
It is a curious twist of fate that the brewing of ales and lagers in one corner of the globe may hold sway over the generation of biomass power in a distant land. One might even say it is the "yeast" we can do to uncover the underlying mechanisms driving this unexpected relationship.
As we embark on this intellectual journey, it is essential to recognize the potential impact of breweries, not just as purveyors of liquid delight, but as players in the intricate dance of global energy dynamics. By fermenting grains and tapping into the power of microbial alchemy, breweries may inadvertently contribute to the greening of global energy supplies. This revelation is enough to make any researcher "hoppy" with enthusiasm.
The primary objective of this research is to provide empirical evidence to support the notion that the number of breweries in the United States is associated with biomass power generation in Uruguay. Through the scrupulous analysis of extensive datasets spanning several decades, we aim to discern whether the surge in craft beer enthusiasm in the United States is coincident with a corresponding increase in the production of biomass power in Uruguay.
As we delve into the depths of statistical analysis and regression modeling, it is crucial to remember that this endeavor is not merely an exercise in number-crunching. Rather, it is an odyssey of discovery, seeking to unravel the intricate tapestry of cause and effect that spans continents and industries. Amidst the seemingly disparate variables and esoteric correlations lies a tale of interconnectedness that may redefine our understanding of global resource allocation and utilization.
In the pursuit of knowledge, one must be open to the unexpected and embrace the unexplored pathways that lead to illuminating insights. The unassuming world of breweries and the burgeoning realm of biomass power generation stand as testament to the unsuspected links that await discovery, much like finding a hidden treasure trove amidst the dregs of mundane data.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

A review of the literature reveals a paucity of studies investigating the relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay. However, one notable work by Smith and Doe (2015) briefly touched upon the potential interconnectedness of global energy dynamics and the craft beer renaissance. The authors find a preliminary association between the burgeoning craft beer movement and a subtle uptick in biomass power production, hinting at a potentially intriguing correlation worthy of further exploration.

In "Brewing Economics and Sustainable Energy," Jones et al. (2018) delved deeper into this peculiar nexus, evaluating the economic implications of craft breweries on renewable energy initiatives. The authors reveal a modest but discernible impact of brewery proliferation on the local demand for renewable energy sources, indicating a tentative link between sustainable beer brewing practices and the broader energy landscape.

Contrastingly, in "Yeast, Energy, and Everything In Between," the authors unearth a delightful array of connections between the microbiological processes involved in beer fermentation and the intricate mechanisms of biomass power generation. Their exploration into the world of yeast and energy transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries, offering a novel perspective on the interplay between seemingly disparate domains.

Moving beyond academic publications, the non-fiction works "Brewing Up a Revolution" by Sam Calagione and "The Brewmaster’s Table" by Garrett Oliver provide valuable insights into the evolution of the craft beer industry and its potential impact on environmental sustainability. These seminal texts not only illuminate the cultural and economic dimensions of craft brewing but also hint at the unassuming influence of breweries on renewable energy landscapes.

In a tangential but inherently related realm, the fictional narratives of "The Hobbit" by J.R.R. Tolkien and "A Dance with Dragons" by George R.R. Martin offer allegorical perspectives on unexpected alliances and hidden connections, mirroring the serendipitous relationship between breweries and biomass power generation. The intertwining of disparate elements in these fantastical tales echoes the surprising harmony between seemingly unrelated industries, urging readers to ponder the enigmatic bonds that underpin our world.

Furthermore, the cinematic masterpiece "Spirited Away," directed by Hayao Miyazaki, offers a whimsical portrayal of unforeseen connections and extraordinary encounters, akin to the enchanting correlation between breweries and biomass power generation. The magical realism of the film captures the essence of our research endeavor, wherein the ordinary and the extraordinary intersect in captivating ways, leaving audiences spellbound by the unanticipated web of relationships.

In summary, the existing literature provides glimpses of the multifaceted relationship between breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay, laying the groundwork for our comprehensive investigation into this unexplored terrain. As we venture forth into the labyrinth of empirical analysis and theoretical modeling, let us remain mindful of the unexpected twists and turns that await us, akin to the effervescent effusion of a freshly brewed pint of ale.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of Breweries in the United States and Biomass power generated in Uruguay. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Brewers Association and Energy Information Administration . You used data from 1990 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay has long been overlooked in the academic literature. In this study, we delved into this marvellous and quirky area of investigation to unravel the potential interplay between these seemingly unrelated factors. Using data from the Brewers Association and Energy Information Administration, we performed a comprehensive analysis covering the period from 1990 to 2021. Our findings revealed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9292523 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust relationship between the two variables.

Just when one might have thought that beer and bioenergy are as different as hops and ash, our research uncovers a fascinating link that leaves us hopping with excitement. The unmistakable connection between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay challenges traditional economic and environmental paradigms. Our results not only highlight the potential impact of frothy fermentations on renewable energy initiatives but also offer a refreshing perspective on the intricate dynamics of global resource utilization.

Furthermore, our investigation sheds light on the potentially synergistic relationship between fermenting grains and generating renewable energy, adding a new dimension to the age-old debate about the true "spirits" of sustainability. These captivating findings may stimulate further research into the unexpected connections between seemingly disparate industries, demonstrating once again that the world of academia is anything but ale-ing.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
In the realm of scientific inquiry, serendipitous discoveries and unusual connections often lead to groundbreaking insights. Much like stumbling upon a hidden microbrewery in the heart of a bustling city, our exploration of the relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay has unearthed a captivating correlation that demands further investigation.
It is a curious twist of fate that the brewing of ales and lagers in one corner of the globe may hold sway over the generation of biomass power in a distant land. One might even say it is the "yeast" we can do to uncover the underlying mechanisms driving this unexpected relationship.
As we embark on this intellectual journey, it is essential to recognize the potential impact of breweries, not just as purveyors of liquid delight, but as players in the intricate dance of global energy dynamics. By fermenting grains and tapping into the power of microbial alchemy, breweries may inadvertently contribute to the greening of global energy supplies. This revelation is enough to make any researcher "hoppy" with enthusiasm.
The primary objective of this research is to provide empirical evidence to support the notion that the number of breweries in the United States is associated with biomass power generation in Uruguay. Through the scrupulous analysis of extensive datasets spanning several decades, we aim to discern whether the surge in craft beer enthusiasm in the United States is coincident with a corresponding increase in the production of biomass power in Uruguay.
As we delve into the depths of statistical analysis and regression modeling, it is crucial to remember that this endeavor is not merely an exercise in number-crunching. Rather, it is an odyssey of discovery, seeking to unravel the intricate tapestry of cause and effect that spans continents and industries. Amidst the seemingly disparate variables and esoteric correlations lies a tale of interconnectedness that may redefine our understanding of global resource allocation and utilization.
In the pursuit of knowledge, one must be open to the unexpected and embrace the unexplored pathways that lead to illuminating insights. The unassuming world of breweries and the burgeoning realm of biomass power generation stand as testament to the unsuspected links that await discovery, much like finding a hidden treasure trove amidst the dregs of mundane data.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

In order to investigate the intriguing relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay, our research team employed a comprehensive and rigorous methodology. Data related to the number of breweries in the United States was sourced from the Brewers Association, while information on biomass power generation in Uruguay was obtained from the Energy Information Administration. The period of analysis for this study encompassed the years 1990 to 2021, allowing for a thorough exploration of the temporal dynamics underlying the relationship between these variables.

To assess the association between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay, an innovative approach was adopted, incorporating elements of both econometric and beer-ometric analysis. The dataset was subjected to meticulous scrutiny, with particular attention paid to outliers, ensuring that no "brew-hahas" in the data could compromise the integrity of the analysis.

The initial step involved conducting descriptive statistics to characterize the distribution of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay over the study period. This phase not only offered valuable insights into the trends and variability of the variables but also provided an opportunity for a "brew-tiful" display of graphical representations, highlighting the ebb and flow of brewery numbers and biomass power generation.

Subsequently, a bivariate analysis was performed to elucidate the nature of the relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay. This involved calculating correlation coefficients, including the Pearson correlation coefficient, which quantified the strength and direction of the association. The statistical software package utilized for these analyses was as dependable and robust as a well-crafted stout, providing the necessary tools for rigorous investigation.

Following the bivariate analysis, a series of regression models were constructed to further examine the relationship between the two variables while controlling for potential confounding factors. These models were designed with meticulous attention to detail, ensuring that all relevant covariates were included, leaving no hop unturned in our quest for a comprehensive understanding of the observed association.

Moreover, to account for temporal patterns and potential non-stationarity in the data, time series analysis techniques, akin to the meticulous aging of fine wine, were implemented. This allowed for the identification of long-term trends and cyclical patterns, shedding light on the underlying dynamics shaping the interplay between breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay.

In addition, to address the potential for spurious correlations and confounding variables, sensitivity analyses were conducted, scrutinizing the robustness of the findings and reinforcing the reliability of the observed relationship. This process involved testing various model specifications and diagnostic procedures, akin to conducting a sensory evaluation of diverse beer flavors to ensure consistency and quality.

The final stage of the methodology entailed a comparative analysis, examining the interrelation between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay in the context of global trends in renewable energy and the brewing industry. This holistic approach allowed for a nuanced understanding of the specific nuances of the observed relationship within the broader landscape of economic and environmental dynamics.

In conclusion, the methodology employed in this study represented a meticulous and innovative fusion of statistical analyses and industry-specific insights, offering a comprehensive exploration of the interconnection between breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay. By leveraging rigorous methodologies and a pin-point focus on the unexpected linkage between these variables, this research has positioned itself at the forefront of interdisciplinary investigations, raising a frothy toast to the unexplored frontiers of scientific inquiry.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of Breweries in the United States and Biomass power generated in Uruguay. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay has long been overlooked in the academic literature. In this study, we delved into this marvellous and quirky area of investigation to unravel the potential interplay between these seemingly unrelated factors. Using data from the Brewers Association and Energy Information Administration, we performed a comprehensive analysis covering the period from 1990 to 2021. Our findings revealed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9292523 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust relationship between the two variables.

Just when one might have thought that beer and bioenergy are as different as hops and ash, our research uncovers a fascinating link that leaves us hopping with excitement. The unmistakable connection between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay challenges traditional economic and environmental paradigms. Our results not only highlight the potential impact of frothy fermentations on renewable energy initiatives but also offer a refreshing perspective on the intricate dynamics of global resource utilization.

Furthermore, our investigation sheds light on the potentially synergistic relationship between fermenting grains and generating renewable energy, adding a new dimension to the age-old debate about the true "spirits" of sustainability. These captivating findings may stimulate further research into the unexpected connections between seemingly disparate industries, demonstrating once again that the world of academia is anything but ale-ing.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
A review of the literature reveals a paucity of studies investigating the relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay. However, one notable work by Smith and Doe (2015) briefly touched upon the potential interconnectedness of global energy dynamics and the craft beer renaissance. The authors find a preliminary association between the burgeoning craft beer movement and a subtle uptick in biomass power production, hinting at a potentially intriguing correlation worthy of further exploration.
In "Brewing Economics and Sustainable Energy," Jones et al. (2018) delved deeper into this peculiar nexus, evaluating the economic implications of craft breweries on renewable energy initiatives. The authors reveal a modest but discernible impact of brewery proliferation on the local demand for renewable energy sources, indicating a tentative link between sustainable beer brewing practices and the broader energy landscape.
Contrastingly, in "Yeast, Energy, and Everything In Between," the authors unearth a delightful array of connections between the microbiological processes involved in beer fermentation and the intricate mechanisms of biomass power generation. Their exploration into the world of yeast and energy transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries, offering a novel perspective on the interplay between seemingly disparate domains.
Moving beyond academic publications, the non-fiction works "Brewing Up a Revolution" by Sam Calagione and "The Brewmaster’s Table" by Garrett Oliver provide valuable insights into the evolution of the craft beer industry and its potential impact on environmental sustainability. These seminal texts not only illuminate the cultural and economic dimensions of craft brewing but also hint at the unassuming influence of breweries on renewable energy landscapes.
In a tangential but inherently related realm, the fictional narratives of "The Hobbit" by J.R.R. Tolkien and "A Dance with Dragons" by George R.R. Martin offer allegorical perspectives on unexpected alliances and hidden connections, mirroring the serendipitous relationship between breweries and biomass power generation. The intertwining of disparate elements in these fantastical tales echoes the surprising harmony between seemingly unrelated industries, urging readers to ponder the enigmatic bonds that underpin our world.
Furthermore, the cinematic masterpiece "Spirited Away," directed by Hayao Miyazaki, offers a whimsical portrayal of unforeseen connections and extraordinary encounters, akin to the enchanting correlation between breweries and biomass power generation. The magical realism of the film captures the essence of our research endeavor, wherein the ordinary and the extraordinary intersect in captivating ways, leaving audiences spellbound by the unanticipated web of relationships.
In summary, the existing literature provides glimpses of the multifaceted relationship between breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay, laying the groundwork for our comprehensive investigation into this unexplored terrain. As we venture forth into the labyrinth of empirical analysis and theoretical modeling, let us remain mindful of the unexpected twists and turns that await us, akin to the effervescent effusion of a freshly brewed pint of ale.

[[RESULTS]]
The correlation analysis revealed a remarkably strong positive association between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9292523. This implies that as the number of breweries in the United States increased, the biomass power generation in Uruguay also experienced an upward trend. It seems that the art of brewing and the science of biomass power generation are not as separate as one might initially think – they're more like barley and hops, always better together.
The coefficient of determination (r-squared) was found to be 0.8635099, indicating that approximately 86.35% of the variance in biomass power generation in Uruguay can be explained by the number of breweries in the United States. In other words, the number of breweries can "hopfully" account for a sizable portion of the changes in biomass power generation, making it a significant factor in the renewable energy landscape. It’s clear that the world of brewing is not just about creating a superior ale – it’s also about powering the world, one pint at a time.
The p-value of less than 0.01 further supports the robustness of the relationship, drawing a firm line in the sand for anyone who doubts the connection. This strengthens the evidence that the number of breweries is indeed intricately linked to biomass power generation in Uruguay. Who knew that the frothy concoctions enjoyed on sunny afternoons could have such far-reaching implications for the energy sector? It’s enough to make even the most serious researcher raise a glass in celebration.
(Fig. 1, which is not included here, illustrates the strong positive correlation between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay.)
In summary, our findings provide compelling evidence of a notable association between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay. The unexpected interconnectedness between these seemingly distinct domains highlights the importance of considering unorthodox relationships in our understanding of global resource utilization. This research not only elevates the image of breweries from mere purveyors of refreshing beverages to potential influencers of renewable energy initiatives, but it also adds a fizz of excitement to the scientific study of interconnected systems.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The remarkable correlation between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay, as uncovered in this study, not only validates but also extends the prior research in this obscure but strangely fascinating domain. The findings from our analysis confirm the inklings of Smith and Doe (2015), who tentatively hinted at the potential link between the craft beer movement and biomass power production. It appears that the influence of breweries on global energy dynamics is not merely a frothy concoction of conjecture; rather, it is a tangible phenomenon deserving of serious attention. Researchers and policymakers alike may need to "brew-dly" consider the implications of this unexpected relationship when formulating strategies for sustainable energy development.

Furthermore, our results lend support to the work of Jones et al. (2018), who discerned a subtle impact of brewery proliferation on the demand for renewable energy sources. The statistically significant correlation coefficient and p-value from our analysis provide empirical substance to their conjectures, confirming that the economic implications of craft breweries indeed interlace with broader renewable energy initiatives. It seems that the economic influences of beer production extend beyond the well-documented effects on local tourism and beverage sales, to actually affect the energy landscape. As the adage goes, "where there's beer, there's power."

The fascinating relationship uncovered in this study not only aligns with the theoretical musings of research literature but also transcend disciplinary boundaries, echoing the unconventional connections between yeast and energy elucidated in the work of the authors of "Yeast, Energy, and Everything In Between." The unexpected convergence of brewing and biomass power generation challenges traditional silos of knowledge, inviting us to ponder the sophisticated interplay between seemingly incongruent domains. This unforeseen alliance between brews and biomass power introduces a refreshing perspective to the academic discourse, reminding us that the world of science is not merely composed of isolated disciplines, but a mosaic of interconnected phenomena waiting to be discovered.

In conclusion, the findings of this investigation add a new dimension to the conventional understanding of resource utilization, highlighting the unanticipated influence of breweries on global energy dynamics. This peculiar but potent connection between fermenting grains and renewable energy generation hints at the promising territories awaiting exploration at the confluence of seemingly unrelated industries. As we raise our glasses to toast these intriguing findings, let us delight in the realization that, much like a well-crafted ale, the world of research is replete with unexpected effervescence and remarkable connections.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of Breweries in the United States and Biomass power generated in Uruguay. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay

[[ABSTRACT]]
The relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay has long been overlooked in the academic literature. In this study, we delved into this marvellous and quirky area of investigation to unravel the potential interplay between these seemingly unrelated factors. Using data from the Brewers Association and Energy Information Administration, we performed a comprehensive analysis covering the period from 1990 to 2021. Our findings revealed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9292523 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust relationship between the two variables.

Just when one might have thought that beer and bioenergy are as different as hops and ash, our research uncovers a fascinating link that leaves us hopping with excitement. The unmistakable connection between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay challenges traditional economic and environmental paradigms. Our results not only highlight the potential impact of frothy fermentations on renewable energy initiatives but also offer a refreshing perspective on the intricate dynamics of global resource utilization.

Furthermore, our investigation sheds light on the potentially synergistic relationship between fermenting grains and generating renewable energy, adding a new dimension to the age-old debate about the true "spirits" of sustainability. These captivating findings may stimulate further research into the unexpected connections between seemingly disparate industries, demonstrating once again that the world of academia is anything but ale-ing.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
In the realm of scientific inquiry, serendipitous discoveries and unusual connections often lead to groundbreaking insights. Much like stumbling upon a hidden microbrewery in the heart of a bustling city, our exploration of the relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay has unearthed a captivating correlation that demands further investigation.
It is a curious twist of fate that the brewing of ales and lagers in one corner of the globe may hold sway over the generation of biomass power in a distant land. One might even say it is the "yeast" we can do to uncover the underlying mechanisms driving this unexpected relationship.
As we embark on this intellectual journey, it is essential to recognize the potential impact of breweries, not just as purveyors of liquid delight, but as players in the intricate dance of global energy dynamics. By fermenting grains and tapping into the power of microbial alchemy, breweries may inadvertently contribute to the greening of global energy supplies. This revelation is enough to make any researcher "hoppy" with enthusiasm.
The primary objective of this research is to provide empirical evidence to support the notion that the number of breweries in the United States is associated with biomass power generation in Uruguay. Through the scrupulous analysis of extensive datasets spanning several decades, we aim to discern whether the surge in craft beer enthusiasm in the United States is coincident with a corresponding increase in the production of biomass power in Uruguay.
As we delve into the depths of statistical analysis and regression modeling, it is crucial to remember that this endeavor is not merely an exercise in number-crunching. Rather, it is an odyssey of discovery, seeking to unravel the intricate tapestry of cause and effect that spans continents and industries. Amidst the seemingly disparate variables and esoteric correlations lies a tale of interconnectedness that may redefine our understanding of global resource allocation and utilization.
In the pursuit of knowledge, one must be open to the unexpected and embrace the unexplored pathways that lead to illuminating insights. The unassuming world of breweries and the burgeoning realm of biomass power generation stand as testament to the unsuspected links that await discovery, much like finding a hidden treasure trove amidst the dregs of mundane data.

[[RESULTS]]
The correlation analysis revealed a remarkably strong positive association between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9292523. This implies that as the number of breweries in the United States increased, the biomass power generation in Uruguay also experienced an upward trend. It seems that the art of brewing and the science of biomass power generation are not as separate as one might initially think – they're more like barley and hops, always better together.
The coefficient of determination (r-squared) was found to be 0.8635099, indicating that approximately 86.35% of the variance in biomass power generation in Uruguay can be explained by the number of breweries in the United States. In other words, the number of breweries can "hopfully" account for a sizable portion of the changes in biomass power generation, making it a significant factor in the renewable energy landscape. It’s clear that the world of brewing is not just about creating a superior ale – it’s also about powering the world, one pint at a time.
The p-value of less than 0.01 further supports the robustness of the relationship, drawing a firm line in the sand for anyone who doubts the connection. This strengthens the evidence that the number of breweries is indeed intricately linked to biomass power generation in Uruguay. Who knew that the frothy concoctions enjoyed on sunny afternoons could have such far-reaching implications for the energy sector? It’s enough to make even the most serious researcher raise a glass in celebration.
(Fig. 1, which is not included here, illustrates the strong positive correlation between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay.)
In summary, our findings provide compelling evidence of a notable association between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay. The unexpected interconnectedness between these seemingly distinct domains highlights the importance of considering unorthodox relationships in our understanding of global resource utilization. This research not only elevates the image of breweries from mere purveyors of refreshing beverages to potential influencers of renewable energy initiatives, but it also adds a fizz of excitement to the scientific study of interconnected systems.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study has successfully unraveled the hopped-up connection between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay. The remarkably strong positive association, akin to the harmonious blend of malt and hops in a perfectly crafted beer, suggests that these seemingly disparate variables are more intertwined than a pair of twisted pretzels at an Oktoberfest celebration.

The correlation coefficient of 0.9292523 and a p-value of less than 0.01 provide solid evidence of the substantial impact of breweries on biomass power generation. It seems that when it comes to renewable energy, the brewing industry is not just "hops and dreams."

It is clear that further research in this area is not needed. The connections between beer and bioenergy have been fully tapped!

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Fermentation and Green Energy

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Institute for Fermentation Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay with an abstract of The relationship between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generated in Uruguay has long been overlooked in the academic literature. In this study, we delved into this marvellous and quirky area of investigation to unravel the potential interplay between these seemingly unrelated factors. Using data from the Brewers Association and Energy Information Administration, we performed a comprehensive analysis covering the period from 1990 to 2021. Our findings revealed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9292523 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust relationship between the two variables.
Just when one might have thought that beer and bioenergy are as different as hops and ash, our research uncovers a fascinating link that leaves us hopping with excitement. The unmistakable connection between the number of breweries in the United States and biomass power generation in Uruguay challenges traditional economic and environmental paradigms. Our results not only highlight the potential impact of frothy fermentations on renewable energy initiatives but also offer a refreshing perspective on the intricate dynamics of global resource utilization.
Furthermore, our investigation sheds light on the potentially synergistic relationship between fermenting grains and generating renewable energy, adding a new dimension to the age-old debate about the true "spirits" of sustainability. These captivating findings may stimulate further research into the unexpected connections between seemingly disparate industries, demonstrating once again that the world of academia is anything but ale-ing.

ChatGPT:

breweries, United States, biomass power generation, Uruguay, correlation, renewable energy, Brewers Association, Energy Information Administration, economic impact, environmental impact, global resource utilization, renewable energy initiatives, sustainability, unexpected connections, academia

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

The number of Breweries in the United States
Detailed data title: Number of Breweries in the United States
Source: Brewers Association
See what else correlates with The number of Breweries in the United States

Biomass power generated in Uruguay
Detailed data title: Total biomass power generated in Uruguay in billion kWh
Source: Energy Information Administration
See what else correlates with Biomass power generated in Uruguay

Correlation r = 0.9292523 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.8635099 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 86.4% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Biomass power generated in Uruguay) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., The number of Breweries in the United States) over the 32 years from 1990 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.6E-14.^Show 0.0000000000000164446742171116
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.93 in 1.6E-12% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 60,809,961,133,766 random variables^Note You don't actually need 60 trillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 31 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 31 because we have two variables measured over a period of 32 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.86, 0.97 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
The number of Breweries in the United States (Number of breweries)	298	350	405	490	634	1006	1305	1475	1651	1577	1493	1499	1575	1629	1635	1612	1741	1805	1896	1933	2131	2525	2670	3162	4014	4847	5780	6767	7722	8557	9092	9384
Biomass power generated in Uruguay (Billion kWh)	0.059	0.057	0.066	0.059	0.059	0.044	0.041	0.031	0.043	0.047	0.035	0.037	0.039	0.038	0.036	0.039	0.05	0.137	0.838	0.94	1.109	1.131	1.322	1.455	1.923	2.421	2.433	2.553	2.529	2.491	2.701	2.898

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([298,350,405,490,634,1006,1305,1475,1651,1577,1493,1499,1575,1629,1635,1612,1741,1805,1896,1933,2131,2525,2670,3162,4014,4847,5780,6767,7722,8557,9092,9384,])
array_2 = np.array([0.059,0.057,0.066,0.059,0.059,0.044,0.041,0.031,0.043,0.047,0.035,0.037,0.039,0.038,0.036,0.039,0.05,0.137,0.838,0.94,1.109,1.131,1.322,1.455,1.923,2.421,2.433,2.553,2.529,2.491,2.701,2.898,])
array_1_name = "The number of Breweries in the United States"
array_2_name = "Biomass power generated in Uruguay"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only The number of Breweries in the United States
Line chart for only Biomass power generated in Uruguay
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Brewing Up Biomass: A Sudsy Connection Between Breweries in the United States and Biomass Power Generation in Uruguay

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Correlation ID: 3379 · Black Variable ID: 34 · Red Variable ID: 24086


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