about · email me · subscribe
Spurious correlation #3,054 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and the second variable is Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby.  The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

Without GMOs to supercharge the corn, the local corn maze industry in South Dakota boomed. This led to an increase in people getting lost in the mazes, but instead of panicking, they channeled their inner Crosby and maneuvered through the twists and turns with impressive skill. This unexpected training ground inadvertently elevated the overall population's hockey prowess, causing Crosby's usual goal-scoring competition to skyrocket, thus leading to a decrease in his career regular season goals. Who knew that a-maize-ing maze skills could put a-crease in Crosby's goals?

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [ Futuristic ] Create an image of an expansive South Dakota cornfield wherein a farmer is inspecting a flourishing GMO corn crop. Adjacent to it, a cluster of non-GMO corn plants sways gently in the breeze. Simultaneously, the farmer is testing the soil, while the pollen from the non-GMO corn emits a distinctive electromagnetic frequency. In the vicinity, visualize an ice rink where Sidney Crosby skates, appearing perplexed as his typically flawless goal-scoring ability seems disrupted by the unusual frequency in the air. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Scalar art Psychedelic An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie Futuristic Cyberpunk
ChatGPT: Futuristic

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby, in the following situation: Because as GMO use in South Dakota corn decreased, the pollen from non-GMO corn started to carry a unique electromagnetic frequency that interfered with Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring prowess, causing a decrease in career regular season goals.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a vast South Dakota cornfield, a farmer examines a bountiful crop of GMO corn, while nearby, a cluster of non-GMO corn plants sways gently in the breeze. As the farmer tests the soil, the pollen from the non-GMO corn emits a distinct electromagnetic frequency. Meanwhile, on a nearby ice rink, Sidney Crosby skates, looking perplexed as his usually flawless goal-scoring ability seems to be disrupted by the unusual frequency in the air.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Futuristic ] and depicting this scene: In a vast South Dakota cornfield, a farmer examines a bountiful crop of GMO corn, while nearby, a cluster of non-GMO corn plants sways gently in the breeze. As the farmer tests the soil, the pollen from the non-GMO corn emits a distinct electromagnetic frequency. Meanwhile, on a nearby ice rink, Sidney Crosby skates, looking perplexed as his usually flawless goal-scoring ability seems to be disrupted by the unusual frequency in the air. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [ Futuristic ] Create an image of an expansive South Dakota cornfield wherein a farmer is inspecting a flourishing GMO corn crop. Adjacent to it, a cluster of non-GMO corn plants sways gently in the breeze. Simultaneously, the farmer is testing the soil, while the pollen from the non-GMO corn emits a distinctive electromagnetic frequency. In the vicinity, visualize an ice rink where Sidney Crosby skates, appearing perplexed as his typically flawless goal-scoring ability seems disrupted by the unusual frequency in the air.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota caused Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby to decrease.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals

The Journal of Agricultural Anomalies and Sports Statistics

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title an alliteration.

Your research team used data from USDA and NHL to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8178262 and p < 0.01 for 2002 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking research, we delve into the unexpected and seemingly unrelated realms of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in South Dakota and the ice-hockey prowess of Sidney Crosby. With data sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), our team embarks on a whimsical journey to determine if there is any conceivable link between these two disparate entities. Our findings reveal a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, at a statistically significant level of p < 0.01, for the period spanning from 2002 to 2022. Our study challenges conventional wisdom and sheds light on the comically unexpected connections that may be lurking beneath the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena. We invite readers to join us on this lighthearted exploration as we navigate the cornfields of South Dakota and the rinks of the NHL in pursuit of an unconventional scientific truth.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking research, we delve into the unexpected and seemingly unrelated realms of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in South Dakota and the ice-hockey prowess of Sidney Crosby. With data sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), our team embarks on a whimsical journey to determine if there is any conceivable link between these two disparate entities. Our findings reveal a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, at a statistically significant level of p < 0.01, for the period spanning from 2002 to 2022. Our study challenges conventional wisdom and sheds light on the comically unexpected connections that may be lurking beneath the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena. We invite readers to join us on this lighthearted exploration as we navigate the cornfields of South Dakota and the rinks of the NHL in pursuit of an unconventional scientific truth.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
**[[INTRODUCTION]]**

Buongiorno, bonjour, hola, and hello! Welcome, esteemed readers, to a scholarly escapade like no other. In this peculiar piece of academic literature, we venture forth into uncharted territory, drawing unexpected connections between the domain of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in the heart of South Dakota and the elusive art of puck-slinging by none other than the notorious Sidney Crosby. Hold onto your lab coats and hockey sticks, for we are about to embark on a journey that defies convention and stretches the boundaries of scientific inquiry.

As we delve into the realms of agriculture and athletics, one might be inclined to ponder: "What in the world do GMO corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring antics have in common?" A reasonable question indeed, and one that has tormented the minds of scholars for eons. Yet, fear not, for we have taken it upon ourselves to unravel this enigmatic tapestry and reveal the interconnected threads that tie together these seemingly incongruous elements.

Picture this: vast tracts of land in South Dakota, where the cornfields stretch as far as the eye can see, playing host to genetically modified corn varieties that have been dissected, tinkered with, and meticulously groomed for the quest for agricultural perfection. Meanwhile, in the icy battlegrounds of the NHL, Sidney Crosby, with grace and finesse akin to a genetically optimized crop, weaves and dances, leaving defenders in his wake as he aims to bulge the twine with masterful precision.

You may be scratching your head at this point, wondering if we've lost our academic marbles. But fear not, for our whimsical inclination is not without purpose. We are on a quest to challenge intellectual boundaries and shed light on the whimsically unexpected connections that may exist within our universe. So, buckle up and prepare to be enlightened, entertained, and possibly befuddled as we meander through this world of GMO corn and Crosby's career goals.

Without further ado, let us unfurl the saga of Corny Connections and prepare to witness the entwining of GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals in a manner that will surely leave you pondering the peculiar dance of fate.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some cartoons and childrens' shows that you watched that are related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking research, we delve into the unexpected and seemingly unrelated realms of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in South Dakota and the ice-hockey prowess of Sidney Crosby. With data sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), our team embarks on a whimsical journey to determine if there is any conceivable link between these two disparate entities. Our findings reveal a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, at a statistically significant level of p < 0.01, for the period spanning from 2002 to 2022. Our study challenges conventional wisdom and sheds light on the comically unexpected connections that may be lurking beneath the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena. We invite readers to join us on this lighthearted exploration as we navigate the cornfields of South Dakota and the rinks of the NHL in pursuit of an unconventional scientific truth.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Buongiorno, bonjour, hola, and hello! Welcome, esteemed readers, to a scholarly escapade like no other. In this peculiar piece of academic literature, we venture forth into uncharted territory, drawing unexpected connections between the domain of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in the heart of South Dakota and the elusive art of puck-slinging by none other than the notorious Sidney Crosby. Hold onto your lab coats and hockey sticks, for we are about to embark on a journey that defies convention and stretches the boundaries of scientific inquiry.
As we delve into the realms of agriculture and athletics, one might be inclined to ponder: "What in the world do GMO corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring antics have in common?" A reasonable question indeed, and one that has tormented the minds of scholars for eons. Yet, fear not, for we have taken it upon ourselves to unravel this enigmatic tapestry and reveal the interconnected threads that tie together these seemingly incongruous elements.
Picture this: vast tracts of land in South Dakota, where the cornfields stretch as far as the eye can see, playing host to genetically modified corn varieties that have been dissected, tinkered with, and meticulously groomed for the quest for agricultural perfection. Meanwhile, in the icy battlegrounds of the NHL, Sidney Crosby, with grace and finesse akin to a genetically optimized crop, weaves and dances, leaving defenders in his wake as he aims to bulge the twine with masterful precision.
You may be scratching your head at this point, wondering if we've lost our academic marbles. But fear not, for our whimsical inclination is not without purpose. We are on a quest to challenge intellectual boundaries and shed light on the whimsically unexpected connections that may exist within our universe. So, buckle up and prepare to be enlightened, entertained, and possibly befuddled as we meander through this world of GMO corn and Crosby's career goals.
Without further ado, let us unfurl the saga of Corny Connections and prepare to witness the entwining of GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals in a manner that will surely leave you pondering the peculiar dance of fate.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

Smith et al. (2015) examined the impact of GMO corn production on agricultural yield in the Midwestern United States, with a focus on South Dakota. Their findings revealed a significant increase in crop yield and resistance to pests through the implementation of genetically modified traits. This study serves as a foundational piece in understanding the landscape of GMO corn production, setting the stage for our whimsical foray into the uncharted territory of cornfield connections.

While Doe and Jones (2018) investigated the economic implications of GMO corn cultivation, their work delved into the market fluctuations and consumer perceptions surrounding genetically modified crops. As we navigate through their scholarly findings, we are reminded of the intricate web that encompasses the agricultural sphere, paving the way for a seamless segue into the extraordinary world of Sidney Crosby's career goals.

In "The Omniscient Corn: A Comprehensive Guide to GMO Phenomena" by Agricultural Institute (2017), the authors delve into the intricacies of genetic modification in corn, elucidating the scientific nuances that underpin the cultivation and propagation of these modified strains. Little did they know that their publication would serve as a springboard for our comically unconventional exploration into Crosby's net-crashing prowess.

On the lighter side, "The Goal-Getter's Guide: Unlocking Success on the Ice" by Ice Enthusiast (2019) offers a whimsical take on the art of goal-scoring in ice hockey. While not a scholarly endeavor in the traditional sense, this guide provides a refreshing perspective on the elusive nature of scoring goals, mirroring the unexpected twists and turns we are about to encounter in our investigation.

Turning to the realms of fiction, "The Mighty Corn Chronicles" by Fantasy Author (2016) weaves a tale of fantastical proportions, chronicling the adventures of sentient GMO corn as they embark on a quest to unravel the mysteries of their existence. While a work of fiction, the parallels to our own quest for understanding the interconnectedness of GMO corn in South Dakota and Crosby's career goals are uncanny.

In a nod to the animated realm, "The Adventures of Super Corn and Goal-Scoring Sidney" – a whimsical children's series by Cartoon Enthusiast (2014) – follows the escapades of a brave cob of corn and an aspiring young hockey player as they navigate their respective worlds. While seemingly lighthearted, the underlying themes of determination and perseverance resonate with the spirit of our own academic odyssey.

With these diverse sources as our guiding stars, we are poised to unravel the enigmatic link between GMO corn production in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals, transcending the boundaries of conventional inquiry to unearth the unexpected and whimsical connections that lie beneath the surface.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and NHL . You used data from 2002 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking research, we delve into the unexpected and seemingly unrelated realms of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in South Dakota and the ice-hockey prowess of Sidney Crosby. With data sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), our team embarks on a whimsical journey to determine if there is any conceivable link between these two disparate entities. Our findings reveal a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, at a statistically significant level of p < 0.01, for the period spanning from 2002 to 2022. Our study challenges conventional wisdom and sheds light on the comically unexpected connections that may be lurking beneath the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena. We invite readers to join us on this lighthearted exploration as we navigate the cornfields of South Dakota and the rinks of the NHL in pursuit of an unconventional scientific truth.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
Buongiorno, bonjour, hola, and hello! Welcome, esteemed readers, to a scholarly escapade like no other. In this peculiar piece of academic literature, we venture forth into uncharted territory, drawing unexpected connections between the domain of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in the heart of South Dakota and the elusive art of puck-slinging by none other than the notorious Sidney Crosby. Hold onto your lab coats and hockey sticks, for we are about to embark on a journey that defies convention and stretches the boundaries of scientific inquiry.
As we delve into the realms of agriculture and athletics, one might be inclined to ponder: "What in the world do GMO corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring antics have in common?" A reasonable question indeed, and one that has tormented the minds of scholars for eons. Yet, fear not, for we have taken it upon ourselves to unravel this enigmatic tapestry and reveal the interconnected threads that tie together these seemingly incongruous elements.
Picture this: vast tracts of land in South Dakota, where the cornfields stretch as far as the eye can see, playing host to genetically modified corn varieties that have been dissected, tinkered with, and meticulously groomed for the quest for agricultural perfection. Meanwhile, in the icy battlegrounds of the NHL, Sidney Crosby, with grace and finesse akin to a genetically optimized crop, weaves and dances, leaving defenders in his wake as he aims to bulge the twine with masterful precision.
You may be scratching your head at this point, wondering if we've lost our academic marbles. But fear not, for our whimsical inclination is not without purpose. We are on a quest to challenge intellectual boundaries and shed light on the whimsically unexpected connections that may exist within our universe. So, buckle up and prepare to be enlightened, entertained, and possibly befuddled as we meander through this world of GMO corn and Crosby's career goals.
Without further ado, let us unfurl the saga of Corny Connections and prepare to witness the entwining of GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals in a manner that will surely leave you pondering the peculiar dance of fate.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To unravel the mysteriously entangled strands of GMO corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring exploits, our research team employed a mix of rigorous statistical analysis and a touch of whimsical flair. First and foremost, we scoured the extensive repositories of data held by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), leveraging the internet’s vast expanse in pursuit of the elusive truth behind this unlikely pairing.

The journey began with the careful procurement of GMO corn production data from South Dakota, a land where the winds whisper tales of maize and the cornfields sway to the rhythms of genetic modification. We meticulously gathered information on the type of GMO corn varieties planted, cultivation techniques, and yield statistics, keeping an eagle eye on any potential correlations between these agricultural factors and the whims of Sidney Crosby's stick-handling and goal-scoring wizardry.

Meanwhile, tracking Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals required a different sort of watchful eye – one trained on the cold, unforgiving arenas of professional hockey. With dedication akin to a hockey aficionado notching a tally for every hat trick witnessed, we meticulously logged Crosby's goals, assists, and games played across the span of 20 NHL seasons, documenting his illustrious career with the fervor of a devoted fan.

With our treasure trove of data in hand, we embraced the tango of statistical analyses, letting correlation coefficients and regression models waltz across our screens in pursuit of that coveted "eureka" moment. The statistical software served as our intellectual partner on this whimsical dance floor, helping us uncover any potential relationships, no matter how improbable they may have initially seemed.

Our methodology, while grounded in the rigors of academic inquiry, bore the spark of a wild quest for the unexpected. We dared to challenge the conventional boundaries of science and embraced the whimsy that resides on the cusp of the unknown. So, as we share the findings of this unconventional odyssey, we invite our esteemed readers to join us in this journey of discovery, where the GMO cornfields of South Dakota and the thrill of Sidney Crosby’s goals converge in a manner that will surely leave a smile on even the most skeptical of faces. Let the statistical symphony and puck-slinging antics intertwine as we embark on this mirthful pursuit of knowledge.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and NHL .

For the time period 2002 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.8178262, r-squared of 0.6688397, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking research, we delve into the unexpected and seemingly unrelated realms of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in South Dakota and the ice-hockey prowess of Sidney Crosby. With data sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), our team embarks on a whimsical journey to determine if there is any conceivable link between these two disparate entities. Our findings reveal a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, at a statistically significant level of p < 0.01, for the period spanning from 2002 to 2022. Our study challenges conventional wisdom and sheds light on the comically unexpected connections that may be lurking beneath the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena. We invite readers to join us on this lighthearted exploration as we navigate the cornfields of South Dakota and the rinks of the NHL in pursuit of an unconventional scientific truth.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Buongiorno, bonjour, hola, and hello! Welcome, esteemed readers, to a scholarly escapade like no other. In this peculiar piece of academic literature, we venture forth into uncharted territory, drawing unexpected connections between the domain of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in the heart of South Dakota and the elusive art of puck-slinging by none other than the notorious Sidney Crosby. Hold onto your lab coats and hockey sticks, for we are about to embark on a journey that defies convention and stretches the boundaries of scientific inquiry.
As we delve into the realms of agriculture and athletics, one might be inclined to ponder: "What in the world do GMO corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring antics have in common?" A reasonable question indeed, and one that has tormented the minds of scholars for eons. Yet, fear not, for we have taken it upon ourselves to unravel this enigmatic tapestry and reveal the interconnected threads that tie together these seemingly incongruous elements.
Picture this: vast tracts of land in South Dakota, where the cornfields stretch as far as the eye can see, playing host to genetically modified corn varieties that have been dissected, tinkered with, and meticulously groomed for the quest for agricultural perfection. Meanwhile, in the icy battlegrounds of the NHL, Sidney Crosby, with grace and finesse akin to a genetically optimized crop, weaves and dances, leaving defenders in his wake as he aims to bulge the twine with masterful precision.
You may be scratching your head at this point, wondering if we've lost our academic marbles. But fear not, for our whimsical inclination is not without purpose. We are on a quest to challenge intellectual boundaries and shed light on the whimsically unexpected connections that may exist within our universe. So, buckle up and prepare to be enlightened, entertained, and possibly befuddled as we meander through this world of GMO corn and Crosby's career goals.
Without further ado, let us unfurl the saga of Corny Connections and prepare to witness the entwining of GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals in a manner that will surely leave you pondering the peculiar dance of fate.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

In our intrepid quest to uncover the mystifying link between GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals, we stumbled upon a revelation that might just have you thinking we've crossed into the twilight zone of research. Lo and behold, our analysis revealed a significant and positively robust correlation between the two seemingly unrelated entities.

Our statistical analysis unveiled a correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, indicating a rather cozy relationship between the implementation of GMO corn in the heartlands of South Dakota and the goal-scoring acrobatics of the enigmatic Sidney Crosby. With an r-squared value of 0.6688397, it's safe to say that a substantial portion of Crosby's career regular season goals can be predicted by the prevalence of GMO corn in South Dakota. And with a p-value of less than 0.01, we can confidently state that this relationship is not just a fluke, allowing us to rule out the possibility that this correlation is merely a product of happenstance or cosmic coincidence.

As we present our findings, we invite readers to peruse Fig. 1, which provides a captivating visual representation of the robust correlation we have unearthed. Behold the scatterplot, where the data points form a veritable constellation of corn-based intrigue and hockey-inspired perplexity. Marvel at the striking alignment of points, revealing the unexpected bond between the proliferation of genetically modified corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring escapades. It's a graphical marvel that encapsulates the whimsical nature of this research endeavor and invites contemplation on the unseen forces that may connect us all, from cornfields to hockey arenas.

To summarize, our findings defy traditional scientific boundaries, challenging us to consider the curious interplay between agricultural innovation and athletic prowess. The empirical evidence speaks for itself, leaving us with a newfound appreciation for the comically unexpected connections that underlie the fabric of our world. So, let us raise a metaphorical toast to the unconventional, the unanticipated, and the curious, as we bask in the glow of the revelatory link between GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking research, we delve into the unexpected and seemingly unrelated realms of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in South Dakota and the ice-hockey prowess of Sidney Crosby. With data sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), our team embarks on a whimsical journey to determine if there is any conceivable link between these two disparate entities. Our findings reveal a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, at a statistically significant level of p < 0.01, for the period spanning from 2002 to 2022. Our study challenges conventional wisdom and sheds light on the comically unexpected connections that may be lurking beneath the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena. We invite readers to join us on this lighthearted exploration as we navigate the cornfields of South Dakota and the rinks of the NHL in pursuit of an unconventional scientific truth.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Smith et al. (2015) examined the impact of GMO corn production on agricultural yield in the Midwestern United States, with a focus on South Dakota. Their findings revealed a significant increase in crop yield and resistance to pests through the implementation of genetically modified traits. This study serves as a foundational piece in understanding the landscape of GMO corn production, setting the stage for our whimsical foray into the uncharted territory of cornfield connections.
While Doe and Jones (2018) investigated the economic implications of GMO corn cultivation, their work delved into the market fluctuations and consumer perceptions surrounding genetically modified crops. As we navigate through their scholarly findings, we are reminded of the intricate web that encompasses the agricultural sphere, paving the way for a seamless segue into the extraordinary world of Sidney Crosby's career goals.
In "The Omniscient Corn: A Comprehensive Guide to GMO Phenomena" by Agricultural Institute (2017), the authors delve into the intricacies of genetic modification in corn, elucidating the scientific nuances that underpin the cultivation and propagation of these modified strains. Little did they know that their publication would serve as a springboard for our comically unconventional exploration into Crosby's net-crashing prowess.
On the lighter side, "The Goal-Getter's Guide: Unlocking Success on the Ice" by Ice Enthusiast (2019) offers a whimsical take on the art of goal-scoring in ice hockey. While not a scholarly endeavor in the traditional sense, this guide provides a refreshing perspective on the elusive nature of scoring goals, mirroring the unexpected twists and turns we are about to encounter in our investigation.
Turning to the realms of fiction, "The Mighty Corn Chronicles" by Fantasy Author (2016) weaves a tale of fantastical proportions, chronicling the adventures of sentient GMO corn as they embark on a quest to unravel the mysteries of their existence. While a work of fiction, the parallels to our own quest for understanding the interconnectedness of GMO corn in South Dakota and Crosby's career goals are uncanny.
In a nod to the animated realm, "The Adventures of Super Corn and Goal-Scoring Sidney" – a whimsical children's series by Cartoon Enthusiast (2014) – follows the escapades of a brave cob of corn and an aspiring young hockey player as they navigate their respective worlds. While seemingly lighthearted, the underlying themes of determination and perseverance resonate with the spirit of our own academic odyssey.
With these diverse sources as our guiding stars, we are poised to unravel the enigmatic link between GMO corn production in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals, transcending the boundaries of conventional inquiry to unearth the unexpected and whimsical connections that lie beneath the surface.

[[RESULTS]]
In our intrepid quest to uncover the mystifying link between GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals, we stumbled upon a revelation that might just have you thinking we've crossed into the twilight zone of research. Lo and behold, our analysis revealed a significant and positively robust correlation between the two seemingly unrelated entities.
Our statistical analysis unveiled a correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, indicating a rather cozy relationship between the implementation of GMO corn in the heartlands of South Dakota and the goal-scoring acrobatics of the enigmatic Sidney Crosby. With an r-squared value of 0.6688397, it's safe to say that a substantial portion of Crosby's career regular season goals can be predicted by the prevalence of GMO corn in South Dakota. And with a p-value of less than 0.01, we can confidently state that this relationship is not just a fluke, allowing us to rule out the possibility that this correlation is merely a product of happenstance or cosmic coincidence.
As we present our findings, we invite readers to peruse Fig. 1, which provides a captivating visual representation of the robust correlation we have unearthed. Behold the scatterplot, where the data points form a veritable constellation of corn-based intrigue and hockey-inspired perplexity. Marvel at the striking alignment of points, revealing the unexpected bond between the proliferation of genetically modified corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring escapades. It's a graphical marvel that encapsulates the whimsical nature of this research endeavor and invites contemplation on the unseen forces that may connect us all, from cornfields to hockey arenas.
To summarize, our findings defy traditional scientific boundaries, challenging us to consider the curious interplay between agricultural innovation and athletic prowess. The empirical evidence speaks for itself, leaving us with a newfound appreciation for the comically unexpected connections that underlie the fabric of our world. So, let us raise a metaphorical toast to the unconventional, the unanticipated, and the curious, as we bask in the glow of the revelatory link between GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Well, folks, prepare to have your scientific socks knocked off because we're about to unravel a cornucopia of connections in the most unexpected of places! As we delved into the mysterious universe of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn in the heartlands of South Dakota and the prolific goal-scoring antics of the one and only Sidney Crosby, we couldn't help but marvel at the sheer absurdity of what we were about to uncover.

Let's take a stroll down memory lane to our literature review, where we encountered the work of Smith et al. (2015) and their revelations about the fruitful yields of GMO corn. Little did they know that their meticulous agricultural analyses would pave the way for our discovery of a substantial correlation between corn modification and Crosby's net-busting prowess. It's almost as if Smith and Crosby were secretly collaborating across disciplines without even knowing it!

And who could forget "The Mighty Corn Chronicles" by Fantasy Author (2016)? While initially dismissed as a work of fiction, this tale of sentient GMO corn embarking on a quest for self-discovery now serves as a strangely resonant allegory for our own journey through the labyrinthine corridors of corn-based enigma. As we uncover the link between GMO corn and Crosby's goals, we can't help but wonder if the spirits of these fictional maize creatures are guiding us from the ethereal realm of whimsy.

But let's get down to brass tacks. Our results smack us in the face with a correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, an r-squared value of 0.6688397, and a p-value less than 0.01—numbers that demand to be taken seriously (despite the chuckles they might elicit). This isn't just a fluke, folks. We're talking about a bona fide, statistically significant relationship between GMO corn in South Dakota and Crosby's goal-scoring exploits.

If the visual learners among us need further convincing, just gaze upon Fig. 1, our trusty scatterplot that serves as a visual testament to the undeniable bond between the proliferation of genetically modified corn and Sidney Crosby's ability to find the back of the net with unparalleled finesse. It's a veritable masterpiece of corn-themed intrigue and hockey-inspired bewilderment that's sure to raise a few eyebrows and, perhaps, a chuckle or two.

In the grand scheme of scientific inquiry, our findings challenge the status quo with an unapologetic flair for the unexpected. We're shining a spotlight on the surprising interplay between agricultural innovation and athletic excellence, inviting the scientific community to ponder the delightful absurdity that underlies the fabric of our world.

So, as we pause to contemplate the whimsical intersection of GMO corn and Crosby's goals, let's remember to embrace the offbeat, the unconventional, and the downright quirky. Because in the end, it's these comically unexpected connections that keep our scientific spirits alight and our sense of wonder alive.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota and Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking research, we delve into the unexpected and seemingly unrelated realms of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in South Dakota and the ice-hockey prowess of Sidney Crosby. With data sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), our team embarks on a whimsical journey to determine if there is any conceivable link between these two disparate entities. Our findings reveal a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, at a statistically significant level of p < 0.01, for the period spanning from 2002 to 2022. Our study challenges conventional wisdom and sheds light on the comically unexpected connections that may be lurking beneath the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena. We invite readers to join us on this lighthearted exploration as we navigate the cornfields of South Dakota and the rinks of the NHL in pursuit of an unconventional scientific truth.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Buongiorno, bonjour, hola, and hello! Welcome, esteemed readers, to a scholarly escapade like no other. In this peculiar piece of academic literature, we venture forth into uncharted territory, drawing unexpected connections between the domain of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in the heart of South Dakota and the elusive art of puck-slinging by none other than the notorious Sidney Crosby. Hold onto your lab coats and hockey sticks, for we are about to embark on a journey that defies convention and stretches the boundaries of scientific inquiry.
As we delve into the realms of agriculture and athletics, one might be inclined to ponder: "What in the world do GMO corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring antics have in common?" A reasonable question indeed, and one that has tormented the minds of scholars for eons. Yet, fear not, for we have taken it upon ourselves to unravel this enigmatic tapestry and reveal the interconnected threads that tie together these seemingly incongruous elements.
Picture this: vast tracts of land in South Dakota, where the cornfields stretch as far as the eye can see, playing host to genetically modified corn varieties that have been dissected, tinkered with, and meticulously groomed for the quest for agricultural perfection. Meanwhile, in the icy battlegrounds of the NHL, Sidney Crosby, with grace and finesse akin to a genetically optimized crop, weaves and dances, leaving defenders in his wake as he aims to bulge the twine with masterful precision.
You may be scratching your head at this point, wondering if we've lost our academic marbles. But fear not, for our whimsical inclination is not without purpose. We are on a quest to challenge intellectual boundaries and shed light on the whimsically unexpected connections that may exist within our universe. So, buckle up and prepare to be enlightened, entertained, and possibly befuddled as we meander through this world of GMO corn and Crosby's career goals.
Without further ado, let us unfurl the saga of Corny Connections and prepare to witness the entwining of GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals in a manner that will surely leave you pondering the peculiar dance of fate.

[[RESULTS]]
In our intrepid quest to uncover the mystifying link between GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals, we stumbled upon a revelation that might just have you thinking we've crossed into the twilight zone of research. Lo and behold, our analysis revealed a significant and positively robust correlation between the two seemingly unrelated entities.
Our statistical analysis unveiled a correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, indicating a rather cozy relationship between the implementation of GMO corn in the heartlands of South Dakota and the goal-scoring acrobatics of the enigmatic Sidney Crosby. With an r-squared value of 0.6688397, it's safe to say that a substantial portion of Crosby's career regular season goals can be predicted by the prevalence of GMO corn in South Dakota. And with a p-value of less than 0.01, we can confidently state that this relationship is not just a fluke, allowing us to rule out the possibility that this correlation is merely a product of happenstance or cosmic coincidence.
As we present our findings, we invite readers to peruse Fig. 1, which provides a captivating visual representation of the robust correlation we have unearthed. Behold the scatterplot, where the data points form a veritable constellation of corn-based intrigue and hockey-inspired perplexity. Marvel at the striking alignment of points, revealing the unexpected bond between the proliferation of genetically modified corn and Sidney Crosby's goal-scoring escapades. It's a graphical marvel that encapsulates the whimsical nature of this research endeavor and invites contemplation on the unseen forces that may connect us all, from cornfields to hockey arenas.
To summarize, our findings defy traditional scientific boundaries, challenging us to consider the curious interplay between agricultural innovation and athletic prowess. The empirical evidence speaks for itself, leaving us with a newfound appreciation for the comically unexpected connections that underlie the fabric of our world. So, let us raise a metaphorical toast to the unconventional, the unanticipated, and the curious, as we bask in the glow of the revelatory link between GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our whimsical journey through the hallowed realms of GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's regular season goal-scoring antics has led us to an unexpected revelation of cosmic proportions. The significant and positively robust correlation we've uncovered has left us in a state of bemused awe, much like discovering a hidden treasure chest in the dairy aisle of a grocery store.

It appears that the proliferation of genetically modified corn in the heartlands of South Dakota wields a mysterious influence over the goal-scoring proficiency of Sidney Crosby, defying traditional scientific boundaries and inviting us to ponder the whimsical puppetry of fate. Who would have thought that the humble maize could hold sway over the slap shots and wristers of a hockey virtuoso? It's a tale that will surely go down in the annals of scholarly oddities.

As we bid adieu to this comically unexpected union of corn and Crosby, we cannot help but marvel at the peculiar dance of fate that governs our world. The entwining of these seemingly unrelated phenomena has left us with a newfound appreciation for the capricious nature of correlation and the boundless whimsy of scientific exploration.

In light of these revelatory findings, we assert with utmost confidence that no further research is needed in this area. The link between GMO corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's career regular season goals stands as a testament to the unanticipated connections that underlie the tapestry of our universe, leaving us to ponder the inexplicable with a mix of confusion and delight. With a hearty chuckle and a tip of the hat to the unexpected, we bid this peculiar saga adieu, confident that our scholarly expedition has reached its peculiar and pun-packed conclusion.

No more research is needed in this area.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Agricultural Anomalies and Sports Statistics


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Sports Analytics


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Corny Connections: Exploring the Link Between GMO Corn in South Dakota and Sidney Crosby's Career Regular Season Goals with an abstract of In this groundbreaking research, we delve into the unexpected and seemingly unrelated realms of genetically modified organism (GMO) corn production in South Dakota and the ice-hockey prowess of Sidney Crosby. With data sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the National Hockey League (NHL), our team embarks on a whimsical journey to determine if there is any conceivable link between these two disparate entities. Our findings reveal a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8178262, at a statistically significant level of p < 0.01, for the period spanning from 2002 to 2022. Our study challenges conventional wisdom and sheds light on the comically unexpected connections that may be lurking beneath the surface of seemingly unrelated phenomena. We invite readers to join us on this lighthearted exploration as we navigate the cornfields of South Dakota and the rinks of the NHL in pursuit of an unconventional scientific truth.

ChatGPT:

GMO corn production, South Dakota, Sidney Crosby, career regular season goals, United States Department of Agriculture, USDA data, National Hockey League, NHL data, correlation coefficient, statistical significance, unconventional scientific truth

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



Random correlation

Discover a new correlation

View all correlations

View all research papers

Report an error


Data details

GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota
Detailed data title: Percent of all corn planted in South Dakota that is genetically modified to be insect-resistant (Bt), but not herbicide-tolerant (HT)
Source: USDA
See what else correlates with GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota

Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby
Source: NHL
See what else correlates with Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby

Correlation r = 0.8178262 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.6688397 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 66.9% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota) over the 21 years from 2002 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 6.0E-6. 0.0000059540057432552045000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.82 in 0.0006% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 167,954 random variables You don't actually need 167 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 20 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 20 because we have two variables measured over a period of 21 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.6, 0.92 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota (GMO corn %)333428302016766792314323431
Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby (Goals scored)95725678473624335532815362836442935162431




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([33,34,28,30,20,16,7,6,6,7,9,2,3,1,4,3,2,3,4,3,1,])
array_2 = np.array([95,72,56,78,47,36,24,33,55,32,8,15,36,28,36,44,29,35,16,24,31,])
array_1_name = "GMO use in corn grown in South Dakota"
array_2_name = "Career regular season goals scored by Sidney Crosby"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:


View another random correlation

How fun was this correlation?

Your dedication to rating warms my heart!


Correlation ID: 3054 · Black Variable ID: 720 · Red Variable ID: 348
about · subscribe · emailme@tylervigen.com · twitter

CC BY 4.0