Spurious correlation #2,958 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and the second variable is Petroluem consumption in Yemen. The chart goes from 2003 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and the second variable is Petroluem consumption in Yemen. The chart goes from 2003 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As the manicurist/pedicurist population in Kentucky dwindled, so did the demand for nail polish. This led to a surplus of petroleum, as the production of nail polish requires a derivative of crude oil. The unexpected drop in demand for petroleum products from the beauty industry meant Yemen had excess supply, ultimately leading to a decrease in petroleum consumption as they struggled to find alternative uses for their surplus. It seems the fate of Yemen's petrol usage was oddly intertwined with Kentucky's nail care industry, creating a ripple effect that nobody could have foreseen!

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate a photo-realistic image of a bustling nail salon in Kentucky, with a vibrant line of customers eagerly awaiting manicures and pedicures. Capture the dedicated manicurists and pedicurists working meticulously at various stations, while maintaining a warm and welcoming atmosphere. Meanwhile, juxtapose this with an oil tanker unloading at a port in Yemen, where laborers are busy unloading barrels of petroleum to meet the country's surging demand for plastic production, driven by the expanding nail polish market in Kentucky. The image should convey the simultaneous scenes, with a clear visual representation of the juxtaposition between the two distant locations and industries. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroluem consumption in Yemen. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie Celtic art Cutsy graphics Cute cartoon A photo-realistic image
ChatGPT: A photo-realistic image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroluem consumption in Yemen, in the following situation: Because as the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky increases, the demand for nail polish grows, leading to more plastic production, which increases petroleum consumption in Yemen due to the country's reliance on plastic goods for various industries.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: A busy nail salon in Kentucky with a line of customers waiting for manicures and pedicures, as manicurists and pedicurists work diligently. Meanwhile, an oil tanker unloading at a port in Yemen, with workers unloading barrels of petroleum to supply the country's increased demand for plastic production due to the growing nail polish market in Kentucky.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A photo-realistic image ] and depicting this scene: A busy nail salon in Kentucky with a line of customers waiting for manicures and pedicures, as manicurists and pedicurists work diligently. Meanwhile, an oil tanker unloading at a port in Yemen, with workers unloading barrels of petroleum to supply the country's increased demand for plastic production due to the growing nail polish market in Kentucky. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate a photo-realistic image of a bustling nail salon in Kentucky, with a vibrant line of customers eagerly awaiting manicures and pedicures. Capture the dedicated manicurists and pedicurists working meticulously at various stations, while maintaining a warm and welcoming atmosphere. Meanwhile, juxtapose this with an oil tanker unloading at a port in Yemen, where laborers are busy unloading barrels of petroleum to meet the country's surging demand for plastic production, driven by the expanding nail polish market in Kentucky. The image should convey the simultaneous scenes, with a clear visual representation of the juxtaposition between the two distant locations and industries.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky caused Petroluem consumption in Yemen to decrease.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen

Journal of Cosmetological Geopolitics

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroluem consumption in Yemen. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some cartoons and childrens' shows that you watched that are related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking study, we delve into the uncharted territory of the nail care industry and its potential influence on global energy consumption. Utilizing data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Energy Information Administration, we set out to answer the burning question: is there a significant relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the Bluegrass State and petroleum consumption in the distant land of Yemen? Spoiler alert: there’s more than nail polish drying in our findings!

Our research team discovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7753254 with a p-value less than 0.01 for the years 2003 to 2021. This statistical analysis suggests a strong and statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly disparate variables. It seems that the manicure-pedicure industry may have more to offer than just dazzling nail art and perfectly buffed toes - it might also be tied to the fuel that keeps the engines of the world running! Talk about a power manicure, am I right?

Join us as we unravel this enigmatic connection, debunk misconceptions, and paint a fresh coat of understanding on the intricate interplay of beauty services and energy dynamics. This research not only provides a quirky smirk-inducing correlation but also raises thought-provoking questions about the potential ripple effects of seemingly unrelated industries. Buckle up for a wild ride through the intertwined realms of aesthetics and energy, because when it comes to research, we don’t just polish our findings - we nail them!

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of research often takes us to unexpected places, and in our case, it led us to explore the intersecting worlds of nail care and energy consumption. As we ventured into this uncharted territory, we couldn't help but wonder: could there be a connection between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and the petroleum consumption in Yemen? It's a question that might not have crossed your mind before, but once you hear our findings, you'll be filing it in the "surprisingly intriguing" category!
When it comes to unexpected connections, this study takes the crown (or should we say, the polish?). Who would have thought that a state known for its bluegrass and a Middle Eastern country known for its rich history would be connected through the seemingly unrelated variables of nail artisans and petroleum consumption? It's like discovering a hidden layer of nail polish - it adds depth and color to the canvas of global economic dynamics!
As we embarked on this odyssey of research, we encountered some unexpected twists and turns, much like a particularly intricate nail art design. But while navigating this academic adventure, we managed to unearth compelling data that go beyond mere statistical significance - they're a feast for thought and a mani-pedi for the curious mind!
This study isn't just a regular exercise in number-crunching; it's a journey into unexplored terrain, where every correlation coefficient is a potential punchline waiting to be revealed. Just like a well-executed dad joke, our findings might make you groan and grin in equal measure, but rest assured, we take our statistical analysis as seriously as the most erudite of scholars - with the occasional pun thrown in for good measure!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

To understand the intricate relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen, we turn to a myriad of scholarly works that have touched upon the unexpected interplay of nail care and global energy dynamics. Smith (2015) delves into the economic impact of personal care industries, shedding light on the often overlooked contributions of nail technicians to the labor market. Meanwhile, Doe (2018) explores regional energy consumption patterns and their implications for global resource allocation, providing a solid foundation for understanding the broader context of energy dynamics.

Now, let's dig our nails into some non-fiction works that offer relevant insights into our nail-biting research question. In "Nail Salons: The Rise of a Manicured Economy" by Jones (2019), the author takes a detailed look at the cultural and economic significance of the nail salon industry, hinting at the untold power behind the polish. On a more global scale, "Petroleum and Power: A Study of Energy in the Middle East" by Davis (2017) offers a comprehensive analysis of energy consumption trends in the Middle East, providing a backdrop for our investigation into petroleum usage in Yemen.

Turning to the world of fiction, we encounter literary works that, while not directly related to our research, evoke the spirit of unexpected connections and hidden correlations. In "The Manicurist's Dilemma" by Johnson (2005), a gripping tale of love, betrayal, and immaculately painted nails, we find ourselves drawn into a world where every detail holds unexpected significance. Similarly, in "Oil and Nail Polish: A Fable of Intersecting Industries" by Garcia (2012), the author weaves a whimsical narrative that hints at the underlying connections between seemingly unrelated realms.

Drawing inspiration from childhood favorites, we can't help but recall the whimsical world of cartoons and children's shows that have dabbled in exploring unexpected relationships. From "The Powerpuff Girls" to "SpongeBob SquarePants," these beloved series often depict unlikely connections and serendipitous encounters, mirroring the surprising correlation we've uncovered between manicurists and petroleum consumption. It's like finding a hidden treasure in a nail salon - unexpected, enticing, and worthy of a delighted chuckle.

So, as we embark on our peculiar journey through the literature surrounding our research question, let's remember that in the realm of scholarly pursuits, even the most unexpected connections can lead to valuable insights. After all, who knew that a study on nail care and energy consumption could be both enlightening and, dare we say it, toe-tally entertaining?

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroluem consumption in Yemen. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Bureau of Larbor Statistics and Energy Information Administration . You used data from 2003 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking study, we delve into the uncharted territory of the nail care industry and its potential influence on global energy consumption. Utilizing data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Energy Information Administration, we set out to answer the burning question: is there a significant relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the Bluegrass State and petroleum consumption in the distant land of Yemen? Spoiler alert: there’s more than nail polish drying in our findings!

Our research team discovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7753254 with a p-value less than 0.01 for the years 2003 to 2021. This statistical analysis suggests a strong and statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly disparate variables. It seems that the manicure-pedicure industry may have more to offer than just dazzling nail art and perfectly buffed toes - it might also be tied to the fuel that keeps the engines of the world running! Talk about a power manicure, am I right?

Join us as we unravel this enigmatic connection, debunk misconceptions, and paint a fresh coat of understanding on the intricate interplay of beauty services and energy dynamics. This research not only provides a quirky smirk-inducing correlation but also raises thought-provoking questions about the potential ripple effects of seemingly unrelated industries. Buckle up for a wild ride through the intertwined realms of aesthetics and energy, because when it comes to research, we don’t just polish our findings - we nail them!

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of research often takes us to unexpected places, and in our case, it led us to explore the intersecting worlds of nail care and energy consumption. As we ventured into this uncharted territory, we couldn't help but wonder: could there be a connection between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and the petroleum consumption in Yemen? It's a question that might not have crossed your mind before, but once you hear our findings, you'll be filing it in the "surprisingly intriguing" category!
When it comes to unexpected connections, this study takes the crown (or should we say, the polish?). Who would have thought that a state known for its bluegrass and a Middle Eastern country known for its rich history would be connected through the seemingly unrelated variables of nail artisans and petroleum consumption? It's like discovering a hidden layer of nail polish - it adds depth and color to the canvas of global economic dynamics!
As we embarked on this odyssey of research, we encountered some unexpected twists and turns, much like a particularly intricate nail art design. But while navigating this academic adventure, we managed to unearth compelling data that go beyond mere statistical significance - they're a feast for thought and a mani-pedi for the curious mind!
This study isn't just a regular exercise in number-crunching; it's a journey into unexplored terrain, where every correlation coefficient is a potential punchline waiting to be revealed. Just like a well-executed dad joke, our findings might make you groan and grin in equal measure, but rest assured, we take our statistical analysis as seriously as the most erudite of scholars - with the occasional pun thrown in for good measure!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

In this study, we employed a methodological approach combining data mining, statistical analysis, and a sprinkle of whimsical curiosity to unravel the potential link between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen. Our research team, comprised of nail care enthusiasts and data aficionados, scoured through the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Energy Information Administration databases like treasure hunters seeking the elusive connection between mani-pedis and fuel consumption. We collected data spanning from 2003 to 2021, creating a timeline that stretches from French tips to gel manicures and from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources.

To organize the mass of data into manageable chunks, we lovingly referred to our process as the "Nail Filet Approach" – smoothing out the rough edges of raw data and trimming away outliers to reveal the true shine of correlation. With a touch of statistical finesse, we utilized advanced software for regression analysis, correlation tests, and graphing, ensuring that every data point was buffed to a high gloss and ready for its moment under the research spotlight.

Our methodology involved several steps, including the application of the "Shellac Selection Technique," where we carefully handpicked variables related to nail salon employment in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen. Like a meticulous nail technician choosing the perfect shade for a client, we selected the most relevant and representative data points, ensuring that our analysis encapsulated the essence of both the nail care industry and energy consumption.

To ensure the robustness and reliability of our findings, we conducted sensitivity analyses to examine the influence of individual data points on the overall correlation. This process, aptly named the "Cuticle Check," allowed us to identify any potential outliers that threatened to chip away at the integrity of our results. As researchers, we understand the importance of a strong statistical foundation, and just like a well-groomed nail bed, our methodology was designed to withstand the test of scrutiny and examination.

Furthermore, in our data interpretation phase, we adopted the "French Tip Theory," embracing the notion that the most elegant and profound insights often emerge from the simplest of observations. Through this lens, we approached our findings with a sense of wonder and open-mindedness, recognizing that beneath the surface of data tables and charts, lies the potential for unexpected connections and illuminating revelations.

In summary, our methodology blended methodical rigor with a touch of whimsy, applying statistical techniques and data interpretation strategies to uncover the hidden harmony between the art of nail care in Kentucky and the energy dynamics of Yemen. Much like a French manicure that delicately balances tradition with a modern twist, our research methodology sought to maintain a harmonious equilibrium between scholarly precision and intellectual playfulness.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroluem consumption in Yemen. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking study, we delve into the uncharted territory of the nail care industry and its potential influence on global energy consumption. Utilizing data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Energy Information Administration, we set out to answer the burning question: is there a significant relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the Bluegrass State and petroleum consumption in the distant land of Yemen? Spoiler alert: there’s more than nail polish drying in our findings!

Our research team discovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7753254 with a p-value less than 0.01 for the years 2003 to 2021. This statistical analysis suggests a strong and statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly disparate variables. It seems that the manicure-pedicure industry may have more to offer than just dazzling nail art and perfectly buffed toes - it might also be tied to the fuel that keeps the engines of the world running! Talk about a power manicure, am I right?

Join us as we unravel this enigmatic connection, debunk misconceptions, and paint a fresh coat of understanding on the intricate interplay of beauty services and energy dynamics. This research not only provides a quirky smirk-inducing correlation but also raises thought-provoking questions about the potential ripple effects of seemingly unrelated industries. Buckle up for a wild ride through the intertwined realms of aesthetics and energy, because when it comes to research, we don’t just polish our findings - we nail them!

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
To understand the intricate relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen, we turn to a myriad of scholarly works that have touched upon the unexpected interplay of nail care and global energy dynamics. Smith (2015) delves into the economic impact of personal care industries, shedding light on the often overlooked contributions of nail technicians to the labor market. Meanwhile, Doe (2018) explores regional energy consumption patterns and their implications for global resource allocation, providing a solid foundation for understanding the broader context of energy dynamics.
Now, let's dig our nails into some non-fiction works that offer relevant insights into our nail-biting research question. In "Nail Salons: The Rise of a Manicured Economy" by Jones (2019), the author takes a detailed look at the cultural and economic significance of the nail salon industry, hinting at the untold power behind the polish. On a more global scale, "Petroleum and Power: A Study of Energy in the Middle East" by Davis (2017) offers a comprehensive analysis of energy consumption trends in the Middle East, providing a backdrop for our investigation into petroleum usage in Yemen.
Turning to the world of fiction, we encounter literary works that, while not directly related to our research, evoke the spirit of unexpected connections and hidden correlations. In "The Manicurist's Dilemma" by Johnson (2005), a gripping tale of love, betrayal, and immaculately painted nails, we find ourselves drawn into a world where every detail holds unexpected significance. Similarly, in "Oil and Nail Polish: A Fable of Intersecting Industries" by Garcia (2012), the author weaves a whimsical narrative that hints at the underlying connections between seemingly unrelated realms.
Drawing inspiration from childhood favorites, we can't help but recall the whimsical world of cartoons and children's shows that have dabbled in exploring unexpected relationships. From "The Powerpuff Girls" to "SpongeBob SquarePants," these beloved series often depict unlikely connections and serendipitous encounters, mirroring the surprising correlation we've uncovered between manicurists and petroleum consumption. It's like finding a hidden treasure in a nail salon - unexpected, enticing, and worthy of a delighted chuckle.
So, as we embark on our peculiar journey through the literature surrounding our research question, let's remember that in the realm of scholarly pursuits, even the most unexpected connections can lead to valuable insights. After all, who knew that a study on nail care and energy consumption could be both enlightening and, dare we say it, toe-tally entertaining?

[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected revealed a robust correlation coefficient of 0.7753254 between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen for the years 2003 to 2021. This correlation indicates a strong positive relationship between the two variables. It's like finding the perfect nail polish color that goes well with any outfit - a match made in statistical heaven!
The r-squared value of 0.6011296 further corroborates the strength of the relationship, suggesting that approximately 60% of the variability in petroleum consumption in Yemen can be explained by the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky. Talk about a high-gloss finish on this correlation! It's like applying a top coat for added durability to our findings.
Additionally, the p-value of less than 0.01 provides compelling evidence to reject the null hypothesis and indicates that this relationship is not due to random chance. This p-value is so small, it's practically microscopic - much like the attention to detail required for intricate nail art!
The strong statistical significance of our findings points to a connection that goes beyond mere coincidence. It seems that the manicure-pedicure industry and petroleum consumption are holding hands, or should we say, feet and fuel, in a dance of statistical significance that demands further exploration and analysis. It's like discovering a hidden gem at the bottom of a jar of nail polish - unexpected, but undeniably captivating.
Figure 1 presents a scatterplot that visually illustrates this compelling relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen. The plot depicts a clear pattern of association, akin to the meticulous lines and patterns of a nail artist's design. It's as if the data points themselves are saying, "Mani-pedi and petroleum: a match made in statistical stiletto heels!"
Stay tuned for the discussion section, where we'll unpack the implications of these findings and paint a broader picture of the surprising interplay between the beauty industry and global energy dynamics. As they say, the devil is in the details, and in our case, the polish is in the petroleum - a delightful twist in the tale of statistical exploration!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our findings corroborate and even elevate the prior research on the unexpected relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen. Just as our study has revealed a strong statistical connection, Smith (2015) hinted at the substantial economic impact of personal care industries, and Doe (2018) shed light on regional energy consumption patterns. It’s like our results stepped into the salon and came out with a fresh, evidence-based manicure of support for existing literature!

The robust correlation coefficient we uncovered aligns with Jones's (2019) exploration of the cultural and economic significance of the nail salon industry, while also resonating with Davis's (2017) comprehensive analysis of energy consumption trends in the Middle East. It's as if our findings and previous research have perfectly manicured nails - seamlessly connected and flaunting a polished understanding of the underlying dynamics at play. Our results not only echo the musings of these scholars but also paint a vivid picture of the symbiotic relationship between seemingly incongruent variables.

Furthermore, the r-squared value and p-value provide additional layers of support, reinforcing the substantial nature of the relationship uncovered. It's like these statistical measures are giving us a standing ovation, applauding our research for unveiling an unexpected bond between the nail care industry and global energy dynamics. We've not only nailed the connection but also buffed it to a high-gloss shine, leaving no doubts about the validity and significance of our findings.

The scatterplot in Figure 1 serves as visual evidence of the compelling association between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen. With its clear pattern of association, it's like the data points themselves are forming a striking nail art design, showcasing the beauty of statistical relationships in an unexpected context. In essence, our results and the visual representation in the scatterplot coalesce to form a stunning tapestry of evidence, much like the intricate designs adorning a set of freshly manicured nails.

In conclusion, our study not only supports the existing literature but also elevates the understanding of the interconnectedness between the beauty industry and global energy dynamics. As we bid ado to this discussion section, remember, when it comes to unraveling unexpected correlations, we don't just analyze the data - we nail it! Stay tuned for further research endeavors that promise to uncover even more surprising connections and leave us all feeling polished and, dare I say, punderful!

And remember, statistical significance doesn't have to be boring - sometimes it can be as exciting as finding the perfect shade of nail polish!

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroluem consumption in Yemen. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this groundbreaking study, we delve into the uncharted territory of the nail care industry and its potential influence on global energy consumption. Utilizing data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Energy Information Administration, we set out to answer the burning question: is there a significant relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the Bluegrass State and petroleum consumption in the distant land of Yemen? Spoiler alert: there’s more than nail polish drying in our findings!

Our research team discovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7753254 with a p-value less than 0.01 for the years 2003 to 2021. This statistical analysis suggests a strong and statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly disparate variables. It seems that the manicure-pedicure industry may have more to offer than just dazzling nail art and perfectly buffed toes - it might also be tied to the fuel that keeps the engines of the world running! Talk about a power manicure, am I right?

Join us as we unravel this enigmatic connection, debunk misconceptions, and paint a fresh coat of understanding on the intricate interplay of beauty services and energy dynamics. This research not only provides a quirky smirk-inducing correlation but also raises thought-provoking questions about the potential ripple effects of seemingly unrelated industries. Buckle up for a wild ride through the intertwined realms of aesthetics and energy, because when it comes to research, we don’t just polish our findings - we nail them!

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The world of research often takes us to unexpected places, and in our case, it led us to explore the intersecting worlds of nail care and energy consumption. As we ventured into this uncharted territory, we couldn't help but wonder: could there be a connection between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and the petroleum consumption in Yemen? It's a question that might not have crossed your mind before, but once you hear our findings, you'll be filing it in the "surprisingly intriguing" category!
When it comes to unexpected connections, this study takes the crown (or should we say, the polish?). Who would have thought that a state known for its bluegrass and a Middle Eastern country known for its rich history would be connected through the seemingly unrelated variables of nail artisans and petroleum consumption? It's like discovering a hidden layer of nail polish - it adds depth and color to the canvas of global economic dynamics!
As we embarked on this odyssey of research, we encountered some unexpected twists and turns, much like a particularly intricate nail art design. But while navigating this academic adventure, we managed to unearth compelling data that go beyond mere statistical significance - they're a feast for thought and a mani-pedi for the curious mind!
This study isn't just a regular exercise in number-crunching; it's a journey into unexplored terrain, where every correlation coefficient is a potential punchline waiting to be revealed. Just like a well-executed dad joke, our findings might make you groan and grin in equal measure, but rest assured, we take our statistical analysis as seriously as the most erudite of scholars - with the occasional pun thrown in for good measure!

[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected revealed a robust correlation coefficient of 0.7753254 between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen for the years 2003 to 2021. This correlation indicates a strong positive relationship between the two variables. It's like finding the perfect nail polish color that goes well with any outfit - a match made in statistical heaven!
The r-squared value of 0.6011296 further corroborates the strength of the relationship, suggesting that approximately 60% of the variability in petroleum consumption in Yemen can be explained by the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky. Talk about a high-gloss finish on this correlation! It's like applying a top coat for added durability to our findings.
Additionally, the p-value of less than 0.01 provides compelling evidence to reject the null hypothesis and indicates that this relationship is not due to random chance. This p-value is so small, it's practically microscopic - much like the attention to detail required for intricate nail art!
The strong statistical significance of our findings points to a connection that goes beyond mere coincidence. It seems that the manicure-pedicure industry and petroleum consumption are holding hands, or should we say, feet and fuel, in a dance of statistical significance that demands further exploration and analysis. It's like discovering a hidden gem at the bottom of a jar of nail polish - unexpected, but undeniably captivating.
Figure 1 presents a scatterplot that visually illustrates this compelling relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen. The plot depicts a clear pattern of association, akin to the meticulous lines and patterns of a nail artist's design. It's as if the data points themselves are saying, "Mani-pedi and petroleum: a match made in statistical stiletto heels!"
Stay tuned for the discussion section, where we'll unpack the implications of these findings and paint a broader picture of the surprising interplay between the beauty industry and global energy dynamics. As they say, the devil is in the details, and in our case, the polish is in the petroleum - a delightful twist in the tale of statistical exploration!

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Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our study has uncovered a captivating correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky and petroleum consumption in Yemen. It's like we stumbled upon a hidden gem in a sea of data - the kind of eureka moment that makes even the most hardened statistician want to do a happy dance. Now that's what we call the power of statistical polish - it can make even the most unexpected connections shine!

The robust correlation coefficient and r-squared value paint a picture of a relationship as solid as a well-manicured nail - strong, enduring, and definitely not prone to chipping. These findings add a splash of intrigue to the seemingly mundane field of nail care and energy dynamics. It's like finding a surprise design under a coat of regular nail polish - unexpected, delightful, and impossible to ignore.

As for the p-value, well, it's so small it might as well be a subatomic particle. It's like finding a tiny nail accessory that completes an entire look - seemingly insignificant on its own, but oh-so-crucial to the big picture. Our research has shown that the connection between the manicure-pedicure industry and petroleum consumption is not just skin-deep - it goes all the way to the core, much like the durability of a gel manicure.

Figure 1's scatterplot visually encapsulates the captivating relationship we've unveiled, like an intricate nail art pattern that leaves you mesmerized. It's as if every data point is saying, "Mani-pedi and petroleum: a match made in statistical stiletto heels!" Our findings not only raise eyebrows but also serve as a reminder that in the world of research, the most unexpected correlations can lead to the most illuminating insights.

After all this, one might be tempted to ask, "Are there any more nail-biting connections to unearth?" Well, as much as we'd love to keep delving into the world of beauty and energy, we're confident in saying that this study has pretty much nailed it. Further research might file down the novelty of our findings, and nobody wants that - we're all about preserving the polish in statistical research!

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Cosmetological Geopolitics

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The International Society for Cosmetic Chemistry and Energy Economics

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen with an abstract of In this groundbreaking study, we delve into the uncharted territory of the nail care industry and its potential influence on global energy consumption. Utilizing data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Energy Information Administration, we set out to answer the burning question: is there a significant relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the Bluegrass State and petroleum consumption in the distant land of Yemen? Spoiler alert: there’s more than nail polish drying in our findings!
Our research team discovered a striking correlation coefficient of 0.7753254 with a p-value less than 0.01 for the years 2003 to 2021. This statistical analysis suggests a strong and statistically significant relationship between the two seemingly disparate variables. It seems that the manicure-pedicure industry may have more to offer than just dazzling nail art and perfectly buffed toes - it might also be tied to the fuel that keeps the engines of the world running! Talk about a power manicure, am I right?
Join us as we unravel this enigmatic connection, debunk misconceptions, and paint a fresh coat of understanding on the intricate interplay of beauty services and energy dynamics. This research not only provides a quirky smirk-inducing correlation but also raises thought-provoking questions about the potential ripple effects of seemingly unrelated industries. Buckle up for a wild ride through the intertwined realms of aesthetics and energy, because when it comes to research, we don’t just polish our findings - we nail them!

ChatGPT:

manicurists, pedicurists, nail care industry, global energy consumption, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Energy Information Administration, petroleum consumption, correlation coefficient, statistical analysis, Bluegrass State, Yemen, beauty services, energy dynamics, interrelated industries, aesthetics, research findings

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky
Detailed data title: BLS estimate of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky
Source: Bureau of Larbor Statistics
See what else correlates with The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky

Petroluem consumption in Yemen
Detailed data title: Volume of petroluem consumption consumed in Yemen in millions of barrels per day
Source: Energy Information Administration
See what else correlates with Petroluem consumption in Yemen

Correlation r = 0.7753254 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.6011296 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 60.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Petroluem consumption in Yemen) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky) over the 19 years from 2003 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 9.6E-5.^Show 0.0000963356548149404000000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.78 in 0.0096% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 10,380 random variables^Note Which I absolutely did.
with the same 18 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 18 because we have two variables measured over a period of 19 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.5, 0.91 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky (Laborers)	240	160	160	120	300	290	340	190	220	200	180	200	140	130	60	80	70	30	150
Petroluem consumption in Yemen (Million Barrels/Day)	126.873	133.989	141.3	141.277	150.033	156.196	165.801	148.813	127.296	112.804	156	154	73.2607	62.2702	59	57	75.7121	55.4342	62.4283

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([240,160,160,120,300,290,340,190,220,200,180,200,140,130,60,80,70,30,150,])
array_2 = np.array([126.873,133.989,141.3,141.277,150.033,156.196,165.801,148.813,127.296,112.804,156,154,73.2607,62.2702,59,57,75.7121,55.4342,62.4283,])
array_1_name = "The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky"
array_2_name = "Petroluem consumption in Yemen"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
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Line chart for only The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Kentucky
Line chart for only Petroluem consumption in Yemen
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Polish and Power: The Mani-Pedi Connection - A Correlative Study on Manicurists and Pedicurists in Kentucky and Petroleum Consumption in Yemen

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Correlation ID: 2958 · Black Variable ID: 8495 · Red Variable ID: 25084


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