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Spurious correlation #2,782 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is GMO use in cotton and the second variable is Arson in United States.  The chart goes from 2000 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
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AI explanation

Farmers were using genetically modified cotton seeds that were extra flammable. Once they switched to non-GMO cotton, the fields stopped going up in flames. Remember, only you can prevent crop fires!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [ A Discovery magazine cover image ] Generate an image of a tranquil cotton field where a farmer is inspecting healthy, non-GMO cotton plants. The farmer's careful examination should showcase the vibrancy of the cotton plants and the lack of any genetically modified traits. In the background, include a clear display of a fire department sign that indicates decreasing arson incidents in the United States, reflecting the reduced need for arson due to the reduced flammability of the non-GMO cotton. The overall scene should radiate peace and harmony, emphasizing the positive impact of non-GMO cotton cultivation. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: A Discovery magazine cover image Celtic art Surrealism Cute cartoon Cutsy art illustration
ChatGPT: A Discovery magazine cover image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States, in the following situation: Because a decrease in GMO use in cotton led to a decrease in flammability, causing a decrease in the need for arson in the United States. With non-GMO cotton, there are fewer sparks flying, so arsonists have to find other ways to ignite their passion for fire.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a vast cotton field, a farmer is inspecting a crop of non-GMO cotton plants. The cotton plants are healthy and vibrant, and there are no signs of genetically modified traits. The field is calm and peaceful, with no sparks or flames in sight. In the background, a fire department sign displays decreasing arson incidents in the United States, reflecting the reduced need for arson due to the decrease in flammability of the non-GMO cotton.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A Discovery magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: In a vast cotton field, a farmer is inspecting a crop of non-GMO cotton plants. The cotton plants are healthy and vibrant, and there are no signs of genetically modified traits. The field is calm and peaceful, with no sparks or flames in sight. In the background, a fire department sign displays decreasing arson incidents in the United States, reflecting the reduced need for arson due to the decrease in flammability of the non-GMO cotton. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [ A Discovery magazine cover image ] Generate an image of a tranquil cotton field where a farmer is inspecting healthy, non-GMO cotton plants. The farmer's careful examination should showcase the vibrancy of the cotton plants and the lack of any genetically modified traits. In the background, include a clear display of a fire department sign that indicates decreasing arson incidents in the United States, reflecting the reduced need for arson due to the reduced flammability of the non-GMO cotton. The overall scene should radiate peace and harmony, emphasizing the positive impact of non-GMO cotton cultivation.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in GMO use in cotton caused Arson in United States to decrease. Add a funny one-liner at the end.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States

Journal of Agro-Flame Dynamics

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, make it sound serious.

Your research team used data from USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and p < 0.01 for 2000 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States

[[ABSTRACT]]
Cotton has always been a hot topic in agriculture, but our research sets out to uncover a different kind of heat associated with it. We present findings from a comprehensive analysis examining the potential link between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing data from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, our study reveals a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.

Our findings suggest that as GMO cotton adoption has increased, so have arson incidents, prompting a fiery debate among researchers and policymakers alike. This unexpected connection between agriculture and law enforcement raises critical questions about the wider societal implications of genetically modified crops. However, while our research illuminates this intriguing relationship, it also ignites further inquiries into the underlying mechanisms driving this correlation, leaving us with more questions than answers. It seems the cotton truly may not be the only thing that's "hot" in this scenario.

On a lighter note, we’d like to throw in a quick dad joke: Why did the arsonist carry a map to the cotton field? Because he wanted to "alight" his way to the GMOs!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States

[[ABSTRACT]]
Cotton has always been a hot topic in agriculture, but our research sets out to uncover a different kind of heat associated with it. We present findings from a comprehensive analysis examining the potential link between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing data from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, our study reveals a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.

Our findings suggest that as GMO cotton adoption has increased, so have arson incidents, prompting a fiery debate among researchers and policymakers alike. This unexpected connection between agriculture and law enforcement raises critical questions about the wider societal implications of genetically modified crops. However, while our research illuminates this intriguing relationship, it also ignites further inquiries into the underlying mechanisms driving this correlation, leaving us with more questions than answers. It seems the cotton truly may not be the only thing that's "hot" in this scenario.

On a lighter note, we’d like to throw in a quick dad joke: Why did the arsonist carry a map to the cotton field? Because he wanted to "alight" his way to the GMOs!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

Cotton production in the United States has grown substantially over the past few decades, with a shift toward the cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) playing a pivotal role in this expansion. As farmers turned to GMO cotton varieties for enhanced pest resistance and increased yields, the implications of this technological advancement on various aspects of agriculture and the environment have garnered significant attention. However, amid the bales of data and acres of field studies, a fiery connection has emerged - one that goes beyond the mere production and distribution of cotton. It seems that the flames of arson incidents may be dancing in the same fields as GMO cotton crops. It's a situation that's really heated up, both metaphorically and literally.

Our research aims to delve into this surprising relationship between genetically modified cotton use and arson occurrences in the United States. While the idea of arson and agriculture rubbing elbows might seem offbeat, our findings reveal a correlation that's almost as strong as the urge to tell a dad joke at an inappropriate time - a whopping correlation coefficient of 0.9752020. It's almost as if GMO cotton and arson are two peas in a genetically modified pod. But don't fire us up just yet; there's more to this combustible story.

Now, for a quick quip to light up the mood: Did you hear about the farmer who set fire to his cotton field? It was a hot "gossip" among the seeds.

As our investigation progresses, it is clear that this unexpected union between GMO cotton adoption and arson incidents warrants a closer look. While the link may seem a bit incendiary, our statistical analyses, based on USDA and FBI data, reveal a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating that this association is not merely a random spark in the statistical haystack. It's a conflagration of significant proportions, so to speak. Just like a dad joke at a barbecue, this connection between GMO cotton and arson has the potential to ignite lively discussions and debates within both agricultural and law enforcement circles.

This connection has the potential to bring a new perspective to the phrase "burning the midnight oil," as we aim to ignite scholarly curiosity regarding the societal and environmental implications of increased GMO crop adoption. As we venture further into this unsolved mystery of why cotton and criminal fire-starting activities are burning through statistical correlations, we are reminded that sometimes, in the world of statistics, things can get a little too "hot" to handle.

Speaking of "hot," why did the arsonist refuse to play cards in the cotton field? Because there were too many "flam" points!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then cite some social media posts you read that seem to be related.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States

[[ABSTRACT]]
Cotton has always been a hot topic in agriculture, but our research sets out to uncover a different kind of heat associated with it. We present findings from a comprehensive analysis examining the potential link between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing data from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, our study reveals a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.

Our findings suggest that as GMO cotton adoption has increased, so have arson incidents, prompting a fiery debate among researchers and policymakers alike. This unexpected connection between agriculture and law enforcement raises critical questions about the wider societal implications of genetically modified crops. However, while our research illuminates this intriguing relationship, it also ignites further inquiries into the underlying mechanisms driving this correlation, leaving us with more questions than answers. It seems the cotton truly may not be the only thing that's "hot" in this scenario.

On a lighter note, we’d like to throw in a quick dad joke: Why did the arsonist carry a map to the cotton field? Because he wanted to "alight" his way to the GMOs!

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Cotton production in the United States has grown substantially over the past few decades, with a shift toward the cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) playing a pivotal role in this expansion. As farmers turned to GMO cotton varieties for enhanced pest resistance and increased yields, the implications of this technological advancement on various aspects of agriculture and the environment have garnered significant attention. However, amid the bales of data and acres of field studies, a fiery connection has emerged - one that goes beyond the mere production and distribution of cotton. It seems that the flames of arson incidents may be dancing in the same fields as GMO cotton crops. It's a situation that's really heated up, both metaphorically and literally.
Our research aims to delve into this surprising relationship between genetically modified cotton use and arson occurrences in the United States. While the idea of arson and agriculture rubbing elbows might seem offbeat, our findings reveal a correlation that's almost as strong as the urge to tell a dad joke at an inappropriate time - a whopping correlation coefficient of 0.9752020. It's almost as if GMO cotton and arson are two peas in a genetically modified pod. But don't fire us up just yet; there's more to this combustible story.
Now, for a quick quip to light up the mood: Did you hear about the farmer who set fire to his cotton field? It was a hot "gossip" among the seeds.
As our investigation progresses, it is clear that this unexpected union between GMO cotton adoption and arson incidents warrants a closer look. While the link may seem a bit incendiary, our statistical analyses, based on USDA and FBI data, reveal a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating that this association is not merely a random spark in the statistical haystack. It's a conflagration of significant proportions, so to speak. Just like a dad joke at a barbecue, this connection between GMO cotton and arson has the potential to ignite lively discussions and debates within both agricultural and law enforcement circles.
This connection has the potential to bring a new perspective to the phrase "burning the midnight oil," as we aim to ignite scholarly curiosity regarding the societal and environmental implications of increased GMO crop adoption. As we venture further into this unsolved mystery of why cotton and criminal fire-starting activities are burning through statistical correlations, we are reminded that sometimes, in the world of statistics, things can get a little too "hot" to handle.
Speaking of "hot," why did the arsonist refuse to play cards in the cotton field? Because there were too many "flam" points!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

To begin, Smith et al. (2015) conducted a comprehensive study on the effects of GMO cotton adoption on agricultural practices and its economic impact. Their analysis focused on the increased use of genetically modified cotton varieties and the subsequent changes in farming techniques, such as reduced pesticide applications and improved pest management. Likewise, Doe and Jones (2018) examined the environmental repercussions of GMO cotton cultivation, emphasizing the potential effects on biodiversity and soil quality. However, amidst these serious and grounded research endeavors, a spark of an unconventional connection has emerged, igniting an unexpected discourse that is as perplexing as it is engaging.

Turning to non-fiction, "Cotton: The Biography of a Revolutionary Fiber" by Stephen Yafa details the rich history and significance of cotton in shaping the world's economies and societies. Similarly, "The Arsonist: A Mind on Fire" by Chloe Hooper illuminates the psychology and motivations behind arson incidents, providing a deep dive into the perplexing world of criminal fire setting. These diverse sources provide broader context to the intricate relationship between cotton and arson, a connection that seems to be as enigmatic as it is unexpected.

Shifting gears to fiction, "Gone with the Wind" by Margaret Mitchell and "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" by Stieg Larsson offer fictional narratives that, although unrelated to agriculture and criminal behavior, evoke imagery of fire and intrigue. The juxtaposition of these literary works with our empirical investigation may seem unorthodox, but it underscores the multidimensionality of the cotton-arson connection that we are attempting to unravel.

Adding a touch of modernity, social media posts have also contributed to the discourse surrounding our subject matter. A tweet from @FarmFires2021 proclaimed, "The correlation between GMO cotton and arson is heating up the agricultural landscape. #CottonConundrum." Meanwhile, a Facebook post in the group "Arson Watchdogs" raised questions about the potential ramifications of genetically modified crops on fire-related incidents. These digital conversations mirror the ongoing debate and curiosity surrounding the unexpected intersection of GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.

In the midst of this serious discussion, it appears we cannot resist a good dad joke: Why did the arsonist refuse to light a candle in the cotton warehouse? Because he didn't want to add fuel to the "fiber" controversy!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services . You used data from 2000 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States

[[ABSTRACT]]
Cotton has always been a hot topic in agriculture, but our research sets out to uncover a different kind of heat associated with it. We present findings from a comprehensive analysis examining the potential link between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing data from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, our study reveals a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.

Our findings suggest that as GMO cotton adoption has increased, so have arson incidents, prompting a fiery debate among researchers and policymakers alike. This unexpected connection between agriculture and law enforcement raises critical questions about the wider societal implications of genetically modified crops. However, while our research illuminates this intriguing relationship, it also ignites further inquiries into the underlying mechanisms driving this correlation, leaving us with more questions than answers. It seems the cotton truly may not be the only thing that's "hot" in this scenario.

On a lighter note, we’d like to throw in a quick dad joke: Why did the arsonist carry a map to the cotton field? Because he wanted to "alight" his way to the GMOs!

[[INTRODUCTION]]
Cotton production in the United States has grown substantially over the past few decades, with a shift toward the cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) playing a pivotal role in this expansion. As farmers turned to GMO cotton varieties for enhanced pest resistance and increased yields, the implications of this technological advancement on various aspects of agriculture and the environment have garnered significant attention. However, amid the bales of data and acres of field studies, a fiery connection has emerged - one that goes beyond the mere production and distribution of cotton. It seems that the flames of arson incidents may be dancing in the same fields as GMO cotton crops. It's a situation that's really heated up, both metaphorically and literally.
Our research aims to delve into this surprising relationship between genetically modified cotton use and arson occurrences in the United States. While the idea of arson and agriculture rubbing elbows might seem offbeat, our findings reveal a correlation that's almost as strong as the urge to tell a dad joke at an inappropriate time - a whopping correlation coefficient of 0.9752020. It's almost as if GMO cotton and arson are two peas in a genetically modified pod. But don't fire us up just yet; there's more to this combustible story.
Now, for a quick quip to light up the mood: Did you hear about the farmer who set fire to his cotton field? It was a hot "gossip" among the seeds.
As our investigation progresses, it is clear that this unexpected union between GMO cotton adoption and arson incidents warrants a closer look. While the link may seem a bit incendiary, our statistical analyses, based on USDA and FBI data, reveal a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating that this association is not merely a random spark in the statistical haystack. It's a conflagration of significant proportions, so to speak. Just like a dad joke at a barbecue, this connection between GMO cotton and arson has the potential to ignite lively discussions and debates within both agricultural and law enforcement circles.
This connection has the potential to bring a new perspective to the phrase "burning the midnight oil," as we aim to ignite scholarly curiosity regarding the societal and environmental implications of increased GMO crop adoption. As we venture further into this unsolved mystery of why cotton and criminal fire-starting activities are burning through statistical correlations, we are reminded that sometimes, in the world of statistics, things can get a little too "hot" to handle.
Speaking of "hot," why did the arsonist refuse to play cards in the cotton field? Because there were too many "flam" points!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To investigate the potential relationship between GMO cotton use and arson incidents in the United States, our research employed a methodological approach that was as meticulous as trying to defuse a burning pun. First, we collected extensive data from reputable sources, including the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the FBI Criminal Justice Information Services. These data sources provided a robust foundation for our analysis, ensuring that our findings were as sound as a fireproof suit in a blaze.

Our data covered the period from 2000 to 2022, allowing us to capture long-term trends and variations in both GMO cotton adoption and arson occurrences. This timeframe enabled us to sift through the statistical ashes and track any potential correlations between the two variables, ensuring that our insights were as enduring as a well-managed campfire.

Now, for a research-related joke: Why did the GMO cotton refuse to participate in the study? Because it didn't want to be caught in a "direct correlation" to arson!

Utilizing advanced statistical techniques, we conducted a thorough analysis of the data to evaluate the relationship between GMO cotton use and the incidence of arson. Our approach involved conducting regression analyses, correlation tests, and time series modeling to unravel the intertwined threads of this unexpected connection. This intricate statistical tapestry allowed us to quantify the strength of the association between GMO cotton adoption and arson occurrences, providing us with more insight than a firefly in a dark statistical forest.

Furthermore, we employed geographic information system (GIS) mapping to visualize the spatial distribution of GMO cotton fields and arson incidents across the United States. This mapping approach shed light on the geographical patterns of GMO cotton cultivation and arson occurrences, illuminating the potential hotspots of this enigmatic relationship. Our use of GIS was as precise as a firefighter aiming a hose at a singular flame, ensuring that our spatial analyses were as comprehensive as possible.

Here's a dad joke to fuel your laughter: Why did the statistician bring a fire extinguisher to the agricultural conference? Because he heard there would be some "scorch" tests!

To address potential confounding variables and alternative explanations, we employed robustness checks and sensitivity analyses to scrutinize the robustness of our findings. By systematically testing the stability of our results under varying conditions and control variables, we aimed to ensure that our conclusions were as steady as a flame-resistant structure amidst a statistical inferno.

In sum, our methodology combined rigorous statistical analyses, spatial mapping techniques, and meticulous sensitivity checks to uncover the relationship between GMO cotton use and arson incidents in the United States. Our approach was as methodical as a firefighter executing a controlled burn, ensuring that our findings blazed a trail of illumination across the fields of agricultural and criminal research.

Here's one more for the road: Why was the statistician so good at predicting arson incidents? Because he knew how to "spark" a correlation!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services .

For the time period 2000 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9752020, r-squared of 0.9510190, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States

[[ABSTRACT]]
Cotton has always been a hot topic in agriculture, but our research sets out to uncover a different kind of heat associated with it. We present findings from a comprehensive analysis examining the potential link between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing data from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, our study reveals a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.

Our findings suggest that as GMO cotton adoption has increased, so have arson incidents, prompting a fiery debate among researchers and policymakers alike. This unexpected connection between agriculture and law enforcement raises critical questions about the wider societal implications of genetically modified crops. However, while our research illuminates this intriguing relationship, it also ignites further inquiries into the underlying mechanisms driving this correlation, leaving us with more questions than answers. It seems the cotton truly may not be the only thing that's "hot" in this scenario.

On a lighter note, we’d like to throw in a quick dad joke: Why did the arsonist carry a map to the cotton field? Because he wanted to "alight" his way to the GMOs!

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Cotton production in the United States has grown substantially over the past few decades, with a shift toward the cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) playing a pivotal role in this expansion. As farmers turned to GMO cotton varieties for enhanced pest resistance and increased yields, the implications of this technological advancement on various aspects of agriculture and the environment have garnered significant attention. However, amid the bales of data and acres of field studies, a fiery connection has emerged - one that goes beyond the mere production and distribution of cotton. It seems that the flames of arson incidents may be dancing in the same fields as GMO cotton crops. It's a situation that's really heated up, both metaphorically and literally.
Our research aims to delve into this surprising relationship between genetically modified cotton use and arson occurrences in the United States. While the idea of arson and agriculture rubbing elbows might seem offbeat, our findings reveal a correlation that's almost as strong as the urge to tell a dad joke at an inappropriate time - a whopping correlation coefficient of 0.9752020. It's almost as if GMO cotton and arson are two peas in a genetically modified pod. But don't fire us up just yet; there's more to this combustible story.
Now, for a quick quip to light up the mood: Did you hear about the farmer who set fire to his cotton field? It was a hot "gossip" among the seeds.
As our investigation progresses, it is clear that this unexpected union between GMO cotton adoption and arson incidents warrants a closer look. While the link may seem a bit incendiary, our statistical analyses, based on USDA and FBI data, reveal a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating that this association is not merely a random spark in the statistical haystack. It's a conflagration of significant proportions, so to speak. Just like a dad joke at a barbecue, this connection between GMO cotton and arson has the potential to ignite lively discussions and debates within both agricultural and law enforcement circles.
This connection has the potential to bring a new perspective to the phrase "burning the midnight oil," as we aim to ignite scholarly curiosity regarding the societal and environmental implications of increased GMO crop adoption. As we venture further into this unsolved mystery of why cotton and criminal fire-starting activities are burning through statistical correlations, we are reminded that sometimes, in the world of statistics, things can get a little too "hot" to handle.
Speaking of "hot," why did the arsonist refuse to play cards in the cotton field? Because there were too many "flam" points!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The statistical analysis of the data collected from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. This finding suggests a strong positive relationship between the two variables, akin to the connection between a cotton bale and its fibers - tightly woven together.

Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.9510190 indicates that approximately 95.1% of the variance in arson incidences can be explained by the use of GMO cotton. This level of predictability is reminiscent of a well-insulated cotton sweater on a chilly evening – quite comforting, yet somewhat expected.

The significance level of p < 0.01 adds further weight to these findings, indicating that the observed relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences is not due to mere chance. It's as if the statistical evidence is as concrete as a cotton boll in a field – hard to dismiss.

As seen in Fig. 1, the scatterplot visually represents the strong correlation between GMO cotton use and arson incidences. The data points form a pattern resembling the intertwining threads of a cotton fabric, solidifying the association between these two seemingly disparate phenomena.

Now, for a quick sizzle of a dad joke: Why don't cotton farmers ever get cold? Because they have lots of "thermal issues"!

In summary, our findings provide compelling evidence of a notable relationship between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and the occurrences of arson in the United States. This unexpected connection raises fundamental questions about the societal implications of agricultural practices, setting the stage for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms intertwining GMO cotton and criminal fire-starting activities. It seems the heat of this unexpected connection will continue to stoke the flames of curiosity and inquiry among researchers and policymakers.

In conclusion, it's clear that the connection between GMO cotton use and arson can't be easily brushed aside, much like the stubborn lint on a well-loved cotton T-shirt. This research undoubtedly serves as a starting point for a more in-depth exploration of this fiery relationship, shedding light on the potential heat emanating from the adoption of genetically modified crops. It's safe to say that this burning question is far from extinguished.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States

[[ABSTRACT]]
Cotton has always been a hot topic in agriculture, but our research sets out to uncover a different kind of heat associated with it. We present findings from a comprehensive analysis examining the potential link between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing data from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, our study reveals a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.

Our findings suggest that as GMO cotton adoption has increased, so have arson incidents, prompting a fiery debate among researchers and policymakers alike. This unexpected connection between agriculture and law enforcement raises critical questions about the wider societal implications of genetically modified crops. However, while our research illuminates this intriguing relationship, it also ignites further inquiries into the underlying mechanisms driving this correlation, leaving us with more questions than answers. It seems the cotton truly may not be the only thing that's "hot" in this scenario.

On a lighter note, we’d like to throw in a quick dad joke: Why did the arsonist carry a map to the cotton field? Because he wanted to "alight" his way to the GMOs!

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
To begin, Smith et al. (2015) conducted a comprehensive study on the effects of GMO cotton adoption on agricultural practices and its economic impact. Their analysis focused on the increased use of genetically modified cotton varieties and the subsequent changes in farming techniques, such as reduced pesticide applications and improved pest management. Likewise, Doe and Jones (2018) examined the environmental repercussions of GMO cotton cultivation, emphasizing the potential effects on biodiversity and soil quality. However, amidst these serious and grounded research endeavors, a spark of an unconventional connection has emerged, igniting an unexpected discourse that is as perplexing as it is engaging.
Turning to non-fiction, "Cotton: The Biography of a Revolutionary Fiber" by Stephen Yafa details the rich history and significance of cotton in shaping the world's economies and societies. Similarly, "The Arsonist: A Mind on Fire" by Chloe Hooper illuminates the psychology and motivations behind arson incidents, providing a deep dive into the perplexing world of criminal fire setting. These diverse sources provide broader context to the intricate relationship between cotton and arson, a connection that seems to be as enigmatic as it is unexpected.
Shifting gears to fiction, "Gone with the Wind" by Margaret Mitchell and "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" by Stieg Larsson offer fictional narratives that, although unrelated to agriculture and criminal behavior, evoke imagery of fire and intrigue. The juxtaposition of these literary works with our empirical investigation may seem unorthodox, but it underscores the multidimensionality of the cotton-arson connection that we are attempting to unravel.
Adding a touch of modernity, social media posts have also contributed to the discourse surrounding our subject matter. A tweet from @FarmFires2021 proclaimed, "The correlation between GMO cotton and arson is heating up the agricultural landscape. #CottonConundrum." Meanwhile, a Facebook post in the group "Arson Watchdogs" raised questions about the potential ramifications of genetically modified crops on fire-related incidents. These digital conversations mirror the ongoing debate and curiosity surrounding the unexpected intersection of GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.
In the midst of this serious discussion, it appears we cannot resist a good dad joke: Why did the arsonist refuse to light a candle in the cotton warehouse? Because he didn't want to add fuel to the "fiber" controversy!

[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. This finding suggests a strong positive relationship between the two variables, akin to the connection between a cotton bale and its fibers - tightly woven together.
Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.9510190 indicates that approximately 95.1% of the variance in arson incidences can be explained by the use of GMO cotton. This level of predictability is reminiscent of a well-insulated cotton sweater on a chilly evening – quite comforting, yet somewhat expected.
The significance level of p < 0.01 adds further weight to these findings, indicating that the observed relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences is not due to mere chance. It's as if the statistical evidence is as concrete as a cotton boll in a field – hard to dismiss.
As seen in Fig. 1, the scatterplot visually represents the strong correlation between GMO cotton use and arson incidences. The data points form a pattern resembling the intertwining threads of a cotton fabric, solidifying the association between these two seemingly disparate phenomena.
Now, for a quick sizzle of a dad joke: Why don't cotton farmers ever get cold? Because they have lots of "thermal issues"!
In summary, our findings provide compelling evidence of a notable relationship between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and the occurrences of arson in the United States. This unexpected connection raises fundamental questions about the societal implications of agricultural practices, setting the stage for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms intertwining GMO cotton and criminal fire-starting activities. It seems the heat of this unexpected connection will continue to stoke the flames of curiosity and inquiry among researchers and policymakers.
In conclusion, it's clear that the connection between GMO cotton use and arson can't be easily brushed aside, much like the stubborn lint on a well-loved cotton T-shirt. This research undoubtedly serves as a starting point for a more in-depth exploration of this fiery relationship, shedding light on the potential heat emanating from the adoption of genetically modified crops. It's safe to say that this burning question is far from extinguished.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The findings of our study align with prior research in uncovering the unexpected nexus between GMO cotton use and incidences of arson in the United States. Similar to the surprise twist in a mystery novel, the connection between these seemingly unrelated phenomena continues to captivate and perplex researchers and policymakers alike. This revelation affirms the growing consensus that the adoption of genetically modified cotton may indeed play a role in the occurrences of arson, adding fuel to the fiery debate surrounding this unanticipated relationship.

Drawing upon the work of Smith et al. (2015), which emphasized the significant changes in agricultural practices following GMO cotton adoption, our results underscore the need to delve deeper into the societal implications of such agro-technological advancements. This reinforces the notion that the impact of GMO crops extends beyond economic and environmental spheres and extends into the realm of law enforcement – an unexpected twist in the cotton saga. It seems the GMO cotton field is not just ripe for harvest, but also perhaps for criminal mischief.

Likewise, our findings echo the concerns raised by Doe and Jones (2018) regarding the potential environmental consequences of GMO cotton cultivation. The unexpected connection between GMO cotton use and arson incidents introduces a new layer of complexity to the discussion on agricultural biotechnology and its wider repercussions, sparking a fiery debate that is as captivating as it is unexpected. It's as if this research has sown the seeds for a new field of inquiry, one that explores the uncharted territory of the intersection between biotechnology and criminal behavior.

Furthermore, our study provides empirical evidence that supports the anecdotal and digital discourse surrounding the cotton-arson conundrum. The statistical analysis substantiates the claims made in social media posts and highlights the relevance of these digital conversations in capturing and reflecting the ongoing debate and curiosity surrounding the unexpected intersection of GMO cotton use and arson incidents. It seems the embers of this curious connection will continue to smolder in the public discourse and academic circles alike.

In summary, our findings offer a significant contribution to the existing literature, shedding light on the unanticipated relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences. This unexpected connection raises fundamental questions about the societal implications of agricultural practices and sets the stage for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms intertwining GMO cotton and criminal fire-starting activities. It's clear that this burning question is far from extinguished, and the heat of this unexpected connection will continue to stoke the flames of curiosity and inquiry among researchers and policymakers. A tantalizing mystery indeed, one that leaves us all longing for further investigation.

Adding a touch of humor, it appears our findings are more than just statistically significant – they also bear the weight of a good pun. Much like the burning desire of an arsonist, the curiosity surrounding this intriguing relationship is unlikely to be easily doused.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a witty academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a statistics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between GMO use in cotton and Arson in United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States

[[ABSTRACT]]
Cotton has always been a hot topic in agriculture, but our research sets out to uncover a different kind of heat associated with it. We present findings from a comprehensive analysis examining the potential link between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing data from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, our study reveals a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.

Our findings suggest that as GMO cotton adoption has increased, so have arson incidents, prompting a fiery debate among researchers and policymakers alike. This unexpected connection between agriculture and law enforcement raises critical questions about the wider societal implications of genetically modified crops. However, while our research illuminates this intriguing relationship, it also ignites further inquiries into the underlying mechanisms driving this correlation, leaving us with more questions than answers. It seems the cotton truly may not be the only thing that's "hot" in this scenario.

On a lighter note, we’d like to throw in a quick dad joke: Why did the arsonist carry a map to the cotton field? Because he wanted to "alight" his way to the GMOs!

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Cotton production in the United States has grown substantially over the past few decades, with a shift toward the cultivation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) playing a pivotal role in this expansion. As farmers turned to GMO cotton varieties for enhanced pest resistance and increased yields, the implications of this technological advancement on various aspects of agriculture and the environment have garnered significant attention. However, amid the bales of data and acres of field studies, a fiery connection has emerged - one that goes beyond the mere production and distribution of cotton. It seems that the flames of arson incidents may be dancing in the same fields as GMO cotton crops. It's a situation that's really heated up, both metaphorically and literally.
Our research aims to delve into this surprising relationship between genetically modified cotton use and arson occurrences in the United States. While the idea of arson and agriculture rubbing elbows might seem offbeat, our findings reveal a correlation that's almost as strong as the urge to tell a dad joke at an inappropriate time - a whopping correlation coefficient of 0.9752020. It's almost as if GMO cotton and arson are two peas in a genetically modified pod. But don't fire us up just yet; there's more to this combustible story.
Now, for a quick quip to light up the mood: Did you hear about the farmer who set fire to his cotton field? It was a hot "gossip" among the seeds.
As our investigation progresses, it is clear that this unexpected union between GMO cotton adoption and arson incidents warrants a closer look. While the link may seem a bit incendiary, our statistical analyses, based on USDA and FBI data, reveal a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating that this association is not merely a random spark in the statistical haystack. It's a conflagration of significant proportions, so to speak. Just like a dad joke at a barbecue, this connection between GMO cotton and arson has the potential to ignite lively discussions and debates within both agricultural and law enforcement circles.
This connection has the potential to bring a new perspective to the phrase "burning the midnight oil," as we aim to ignite scholarly curiosity regarding the societal and environmental implications of increased GMO crop adoption. As we venture further into this unsolved mystery of why cotton and criminal fire-starting activities are burning through statistical correlations, we are reminded that sometimes, in the world of statistics, things can get a little too "hot" to handle.
Speaking of "hot," why did the arsonist refuse to play cards in the cotton field? Because there were too many "flam" points!

[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. This finding suggests a strong positive relationship between the two variables, akin to the connection between a cotton bale and its fibers - tightly woven together.
Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.9510190 indicates that approximately 95.1% of the variance in arson incidences can be explained by the use of GMO cotton. This level of predictability is reminiscent of a well-insulated cotton sweater on a chilly evening – quite comforting, yet somewhat expected.
The significance level of p < 0.01 adds further weight to these findings, indicating that the observed relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences is not due to mere chance. It's as if the statistical evidence is as concrete as a cotton boll in a field – hard to dismiss.
As seen in Fig. 1, the scatterplot visually represents the strong correlation between GMO cotton use and arson incidences. The data points form a pattern resembling the intertwining threads of a cotton fabric, solidifying the association between these two seemingly disparate phenomena.
Now, for a quick sizzle of a dad joke: Why don't cotton farmers ever get cold? Because they have lots of "thermal issues"!
In summary, our findings provide compelling evidence of a notable relationship between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and the occurrences of arson in the United States. This unexpected connection raises fundamental questions about the societal implications of agricultural practices, setting the stage for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms intertwining GMO cotton and criminal fire-starting activities. It seems the heat of this unexpected connection will continue to stoke the flames of curiosity and inquiry among researchers and policymakers.
In conclusion, it's clear that the connection between GMO cotton use and arson can't be easily brushed aside, much like the stubborn lint on a well-loved cotton T-shirt. This research undoubtedly serves as a starting point for a more in-depth exploration of this fiery relationship, shedding light on the potential heat emanating from the adoption of genetically modified crops. It's safe to say that this burning question is far from extinguished.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

Our study has illuminated a surprisingly strong and statistically significant connection between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States. The correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 between these two variables indicates a robust relationship, perhaps as tightly woven as the cotton fibers themselves. Our results suggest that approximately 95.1% of the variance in arson incidences can be tied back to the use of GMO cotton, akin to the predictability of finding lint on a well-worn pair of jeans.

The significance level of p < 0.01 underscores the solidity of this correlation, leaving little room to dismiss these findings as mere statistical happenstance. It's as if the evidence is as concrete as a cotton boll in a field - firm and unwavering, much like the resolve of a dad with a pun in hand.

In summary, our research has kindled a fiery debate about the implications of genetically modified cotton on criminal fire-starting activities, sparking curiosity and igniting the flames of further investigation within the scholarly community. However, while our study sheds light on this unexpected connection, it also hints at the underlying mystery that drives this correlation.

We assert that no more research is needed in this area. After all, why delve deeper when we've already found the "smokin' gun" in the cotton field?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Agro-Flame Dynamics


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Unconventional Agricultural Research and Innovation


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Cottonin' Up to Arson: The Flaming Connection Between GMO Cotton Use and Arson Incidences in the United States with an abstract of Cotton has always been a hot topic in agriculture, but our research sets out to uncover a different kind of heat associated with it. We present findings from a comprehensive analysis examining the potential link between the adoption of genetically modified cotton and incidences of arson in the United States from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing data from the USDA and FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, our study reveals a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9752020 and a significance level of p < 0.01, indicating a strong relationship between GMO cotton use and arson occurrences.
Our findings suggest that as GMO cotton adoption has increased, so have arson incidents, prompting a fiery debate among researchers and policymakers alike. This unexpected connection between agriculture and law enforcement raises critical questions about the wider societal implications of genetically modified crops. However, while our research illuminates this intriguing relationship, it also ignites further inquiries into the underlying mechanisms driving this correlation, leaving us with more questions than answers. It seems the cotton truly may not be the only thing that's "hot" in this scenario.
On a lighter note, we’d like to throw in a quick dad joke: Why did the arsonist carry a map to the cotton field? Because he wanted to "alight" his way to the GMOs!

ChatGPT:

GMO cotton, arson incidence, genetically modified crops, USDA data, FBI Criminal Justice Information Services, correlation coefficient, GMO adoption, agriculture and law enforcement, societal implications, arsonist motivation.

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

GMO use in cotton
Detailed data title: Percent of cotton planted in United States that is genetically modified to be herbicide-tolerant (HT), but not insect-resistant (Bt)
Source: USDA
See what else correlates with GMO use in cotton

Arson in United States
Detailed data title: The arson rate per 100,000 residents in United States
Source: FBI Criminal Justice Information Services
See what else correlates with Arson in United States

Correlation r = 0.9752020 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9510190 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 95.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Arson in United States) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., GMO use in cotton) over the 23 years from 2000 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 3.1E-15. 0.0000000000000030966315638839
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.98 in 3.1E-13% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 322,931,540,084,726 random variables You don't actually need 322 trillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 22 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 22 because we have two variables measured over a period of 23 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.94, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
GMO use in cotton (GMO cotton %)2632363230272628232320151715121091196866
Arson in United States (Arson rate)24.727.726.82523.623.124.422.621.619.518.117.517.614.914.513.714.113.2121113.98.911.6




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([26,32,36,32,30,27,26,28,23,23,20,15,17,15,12,10,9,11,9,6,8,6,6,])
array_2 = np.array([24.7,27.7,26.8,25,23.6,23.1,24.4,22.6,21.6,19.5,18.1,17.5,17.6,14.9,14.5,13.7,14.1,13.2,12,11,13.9,8.9,11.6,])
array_1_name = "GMO use in cotton"
array_2_name = "Arson in United States"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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Correlation ID: 2782 · Black Variable ID: 789 · Red Variable ID: 20038
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