Spurious correlation #2,033 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Amani and the second variable is Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX). The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Amani and the second variable is Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX). The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As more parents named their kids Amani, there was a corresponding surge in demand for personalized license plates, leading to a spike in aluminum production. Freeport-McMoRan, a major player in the aluminum industry, saw their stock price rise as they capitalized on this unexpected baby name trend. Remember, when it comes to the stock market, even the seemingly unrelated factors can have a baby-namingly big impact!

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Create an image of a bustling city street corner with a newspaper illustration style. In the foreground, depict a street vendor's booth with a sign displaying "Amani" and bracelets neatly displayed. A crowd of eager people should be gathered around, some reaching out to the bracelets. In the background, show a large digital display indicating the rising stock price of Freeport-McMoRan. Investors should be checking their mobile devices and exchanging excited glances. The entire scene should be presented in a captivating black-and-white style reminiscent of a vintage newspaper illustration. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Hyper-realistic A black-and-white newspaper illustration An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' Woodblock painting a Polaroid photo
ChatGPT: A black-and-white newspaper illustration

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling city, a street vendor is selling bracelets with the name "Amani" engraved on them, as a crowd of people eagerly gather around the booth. In the background, a large digital display shows the stock price of Freeport-McMoRan steadily rising, with investors checking their mobile devices and exchanging excited glances.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A black-and-white newspaper illustration ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling city, a street vendor is selling bracelets with the name "Amani" engraved on them, as a crowd of people eagerly gather around the booth. In the background, a large digital display shows the stock price of Freeport-McMoRan steadily rising, with investors checking their mobile devices and exchanging excited glances. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Create an image of a bustling city street corner with a newspaper illustration style. In the foreground, depict a street vendor's booth with a sign displaying "Amani" and bracelets neatly displayed. A crowd of eager people should be gathered around, some reaching out to the bracelets. In the background, show a large digital display indicating the rising stock price of Freeport-McMoRan. Investors should be checking their mobile devices and exchanging excited glances. The entire scene should be presented in a captivating black-and-white style reminiscent of a vintage newspaper illustration.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Popularity of the first name Amani caused Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX) to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price

The Journal of Socioeconomic Affect Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then cite some social media posts you read that seem to be related.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the intriguing relationship between the prevalence of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX), employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). The aim of this research is to neutrally investigate the potential connection between these seemingly unrelated variables and to provide insightful findings for both the academic and financial communities.

Drawing upon data spanning the years 2002 to 2022, our analysis revealed a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.7252929 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a statistically significant relationship between the popularity of the name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. This groundbreaking discovery paves the way for further investigation into the complexities of human behavior and its impacts on financial markets.

Coincidentally, this correlation may lead to an emerging market strategy by investing in baby names. You could say that Amani's popularity is "stock" on the rise!

Our findings present an intriguing avenue for future research, shedding light on the potential influence of social trends on financial markets, and perhaps prompting financial analysts to keep an eye on baby name trends alongside traditional market indicators.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The influence of social and cultural phenomena on financial markets has been a subject of perennial interest among researchers and analysts alike. In this context, the relationship between the popularity of certain first names and fluctuations in stock prices represents an intriguing and underexplored area of study. The present investigation focuses specifically on the correlation between the prevalence of the first name Amani and the stock price of Freeport-McMoRan (FCX), a leading global natural resources company.
The very idea of a connection between a name and stock prices may sound like a "stock" joke, but our analysis reveals otherwise. This unexpected correlation has captured the attention of both scholars and financial professionals due to its potential implications for market behavior and decision-making processes.
Upon reviewing the literature, it became apparent that no prior study has directly addressed the Amani-FCX relationship in a rigorous, empirical manner. This research seeks to fill this gap by analyzing extensive data sets spanning two decades and employing advanced statistical methods to determine the strength and significance of any observed correlation.
It's not every day that financial analysts find themselves considering the implications of baby names for their investment strategies, but as our findings suggest, they might want to start paying closer attention to the names on the playground, as well as the stock ticker. After all, Amani's rise in popularity could be seen as a "stock" signal not to be ignored!
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Following this introduction, we will provide an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of our investigation, followed by a detailed description of our methodology and data sources. Subsequently, we will present the results of our analysis and discuss their implications for both the academic and financial communities. Finally, we will consider avenues for future research and the potential practical applications of our findings.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

Previous studies have explored various unconventional factors that may potentially influence stock prices, including but not limited to weather patterns, sports events, and even the length of women's skirts (Smith, 2005; Doe, 2010; Jones, 2015). However, the investigation into the relationship between the popularity of first names and stock prices has remained relatively scarce in the literature.

Speaking of unconventional factors, have you heard about the stock market investor who named his two sons "Buy" and "Sell"? He claimed it was the key to his success. I guess he really bet the "trade" on that one!

Nevertheless, this study seeks to contribute to this underexplored area by examining the surprising association between the prevalence of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. The analysis draws upon data sourced from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) over a span of two decades, representing a comprehensive and robust dataset for this investigation.

Shifting focus to related non-fiction literature, "Freakonomics" by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner delves into the unanticipated connections that shape our world, and one might argue that our investigation into the Amani-FCX correlation is just as intriguing. Similarly, "Nudge" by Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein explores the subtle influences that guide human behavior, prompting us to consider the impact of a name's popularity on investor decisions. These texts provide valuable context for our exploration of this unconventional correlation.

In the realm of fiction, titles such as "The Name of the Rose" by Umberto Eco and "The Catcher in the Rye" by J.D. Salinger offer a tangential, albeit not directly relevant, perspective on the significance of names and their cultural resonance. While these literary works may not contribute specific insights to our empirical analysis, they certainly add a touch of whimsy to the discussion.

On a more contemporary note, social media posts have also alluded to potential connections between cultural trends and market movements. One tweet remarked, "If Amani's popularity keeps soaring, maybe we should start investing in 'Amani Stocks' instead of tech stocks!" Such lighthearted musings underscore the public's curiosity about the interplay between social phenomena and financial markets.

It seems that the Amani-FCX connection has sparked some witty commentary in both academic and non-academic circles alike. Perhaps these whimsical observations will inspire further reflection on the implications of our findings. After all, a little humor goes a long way in unpacking the unexpected intersections of names and stock prices.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2002 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the intriguing relationship between the prevalence of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX), employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). The aim of this research is to neutrally investigate the potential connection between these seemingly unrelated variables and to provide insightful findings for both the academic and financial communities.

Drawing upon data spanning the years 2002 to 2022, our analysis revealed a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.7252929 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a statistically significant relationship between the popularity of the name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. This groundbreaking discovery paves the way for further investigation into the complexities of human behavior and its impacts on financial markets.

Coincidentally, this correlation may lead to an emerging market strategy by investing in baby names. You could say that Amani's popularity is "stock" on the rise!

Our findings present an intriguing avenue for future research, shedding light on the potential influence of social trends on financial markets, and perhaps prompting financial analysts to keep an eye on baby name trends alongside traditional market indicators.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The influence of social and cultural phenomena on financial markets has been a subject of perennial interest among researchers and analysts alike. In this context, the relationship between the popularity of certain first names and fluctuations in stock prices represents an intriguing and underexplored area of study. The present investigation focuses specifically on the correlation between the prevalence of the first name Amani and the stock price of Freeport-McMoRan (FCX), a leading global natural resources company.
The very idea of a connection between a name and stock prices may sound like a "stock" joke, but our analysis reveals otherwise. This unexpected correlation has captured the attention of both scholars and financial professionals due to its potential implications for market behavior and decision-making processes.
Upon reviewing the literature, it became apparent that no prior study has directly addressed the Amani-FCX relationship in a rigorous, empirical manner. This research seeks to fill this gap by analyzing extensive data sets spanning two decades and employing advanced statistical methods to determine the strength and significance of any observed correlation.
It's not every day that financial analysts find themselves considering the implications of baby names for their investment strategies, but as our findings suggest, they might want to start paying closer attention to the names on the playground, as well as the stock ticker. After all, Amani's rise in popularity could be seen as a "stock" signal not to be ignored!
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Following this introduction, we will provide an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of our investigation, followed by a detailed description of our methodology and data sources. Subsequently, we will present the results of our analysis and discuss their implications for both the academic and financial communities. Finally, we will consider avenues for future research and the potential practical applications of our findings.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

I. Data Collection
To acquire information on the frequency of the first name Amani, data was obtained from the US Social Security Administration, which systematically records the names and frequencies of newborns in the United States. The stock price data for Freeport-McMoRan (FCX) was sourced from LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), a reputable provider of financial market data and analytics. The namesake of Freeport-McMoRan's stock, the Amani mine, may share its name with the subject of our investigation, but we assure the readers that this is purely coincidental.

II. Data Preprocessing
The collected data were meticulously cleaned and standardized to ensure the coherence and quality of our analyses. Any duplicate records, outliers, or inconsistent entries were carefully handled to maintain the integrity of our dataset. We employed statistical software and techniques to perform data validation and cleansing, ensuring that our subsequent analyses were built on a solid foundation. Just as parents deliberate over the perfect name for their child, we were diligent in preparing our data for analysis.

III. Correlation Analysis
To ascertain the potential relationship between the popularity of the name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price, we applied advanced statistical methods. Specifically, we computed the Pearson correlation coefficient and associated p-value to determine the strength and significance of any observed association. Our team of statistically savvy researchers left no stone unturned in uncovering any potential connections between these seemingly disparate variables.

IV. Time Series Analysis
Given the temporal nature of the data, a time series analysis was conducted to examine how the popularity of the name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price fluctuated over the period from 2002 to 2022. We utilized time series modeling techniques to explore any patterns, trends, or seasonality present in the data, allowing for a nuanced understanding of the dynamics at play. After all, understanding the ebb and flow of both baby name trends and stock prices requires a keen eye for patterns and cycles.

V. Control Variables
In order to account for potential confounding factors, we identified and incorporated relevant control variables into our analyses. Variables such as general market trends, economic indicators, and other sociocultural factors were considered to isolate the specific influence of the name Amani on Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. Just as in a controlled experiment, we aimed to tease out the true impact of Amani's popularity amidst the myriad influences on the financial markets.

In summary, our methodology employed a blend of data collection, preprocessing, and statistical analyses to rigorously investigate the correlation between the prevalence of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. This comprehensive approach allowed us to delve into an unconventional yet potentially impactful relationship, shedding light on the interplay between social trends and financial markets. And as always, we approached our research with a healthy dose of statistical rigor and a tinge of whimsy, much like the unexpected correlation we uncovered.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the intriguing relationship between the prevalence of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX), employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). The aim of this research is to neutrally investigate the potential connection between these seemingly unrelated variables and to provide insightful findings for both the academic and financial communities.

Drawing upon data spanning the years 2002 to 2022, our analysis revealed a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.7252929 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a statistically significant relationship between the popularity of the name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. This groundbreaking discovery paves the way for further investigation into the complexities of human behavior and its impacts on financial markets.

Coincidentally, this correlation may lead to an emerging market strategy by investing in baby names. You could say that Amani's popularity is "stock" on the rise!

Our findings present an intriguing avenue for future research, shedding light on the potential influence of social trends on financial markets, and perhaps prompting financial analysts to keep an eye on baby name trends alongside traditional market indicators.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Previous studies have explored various unconventional factors that may potentially influence stock prices, including but not limited to weather patterns, sports events, and even the length of women's skirts (Smith, 2005; Doe, 2010; Jones, 2015). However, the investigation into the relationship between the popularity of first names and stock prices has remained relatively scarce in the literature.
Speaking of unconventional factors, have you heard about the stock market investor who named his two sons "Buy" and "Sell"? He claimed it was the key to his success. I guess he really bet the "trade" on that one!
Nevertheless, this study seeks to contribute to this underexplored area by examining the surprising association between the prevalence of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. The analysis draws upon data sourced from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) over a span of two decades, representing a comprehensive and robust dataset for this investigation.
Shifting focus to related non-fiction literature, "Freakonomics" by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner delves into the unanticipated connections that shape our world, and one might argue that our investigation into the Amani-FCX correlation is just as intriguing. Similarly, "Nudge" by Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein explores the subtle influences that guide human behavior, prompting us to consider the impact of a name's popularity on investor decisions. These texts provide valuable context for our exploration of this unconventional correlation.
In the realm of fiction, titles such as "The Name of the Rose" by Umberto Eco and "The Catcher in the Rye" by J.D. Salinger offer a tangential, albeit not directly relevant, perspective on the significance of names and their cultural resonance. While these literary works may not contribute specific insights to our empirical analysis, they certainly add a touch of whimsy to the discussion.
On a more contemporary note, social media posts have also alluded to potential connections between cultural trends and market movements. One tweet remarked, "If Amani's popularity keeps soaring, maybe we should start investing in 'Amani Stocks' instead of tech stocks!" Such lighthearted musings underscore the public's curiosity about the interplay between social phenomena and financial markets.
It seems that the Amani-FCX connection has sparked some witty commentary in both academic and non-academic circles alike. Perhaps these whimsical observations will inspire further reflection on the implications of our findings. After all, a little humor goes a long way in unpacking the unexpected intersections of names and stock prices.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of data collected from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) spanning the years 2002 to 2022 revealed a substantial correlation between the popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX). The correlation coefficient of 0.7252929 and an r-squared of 0.5260497 indicated a statistically significant relationship between the two variables. It seems that the influence of Amani extends beyond human relationships to the world of financial markets.
This strong correlation between the name Amani and FCX's stock price prompts one to question if Amani's popularity should be factored into investment strategies. One might say that Amani's influence on stock prices is truly a "name"-able asset!
Fig. 1 depicts the scatterplot, illustrating the compelling relationship between the prevalence of the name Amani and the fluctuations in Freeport-McMoRan's stock prices. The figure serves as visual evidence of the robust correlation found in our analysis.
This unexpected correlation between a name's popularity and a company's stock price offers an intriguing angle for further exploration. As financial professionals consider adding baby name trend analysis to their repertoire, it seems that the saying "what's in a name" has a new financial dimension to it.
In summary, it is clear from our findings that the popularity of the first name Amani demonstrates a significant connection to the stock price of Freeport-McMoRan. This discovery opens a new avenue for research into the impact of social and cultural factors on financial markets, proving that sometimes, a name can carry more weight than expected in the world of investments.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The present study aimed to investigate the unexpected correlation between the popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX), contributing to the underexplored area of unconventional factors that may potentially influence stock prices. Our findings not only supported the surprising association between these seemingly disparate variables but also shed light on the broader implications for the financial industry.

The substantial correlation coefficient and statistically significant relationship revealed in our analysis align with prior research that has explored unconventional factors influencing stock prices. This includes the classic work of Smith (2005), which examined the impact of weather patterns on market behavior, and the more recent study by Doe (2010) on the influence of sports events. These previous studies, along with our own, highlight the importance of considering diverse and unexpected factors in understanding stock price movements.

It seems that Amani's influence stretches far beyond personal relationships to leave its mark on the financial markets. One might even say that Amani's impact on stock prices is simply "name"-astic!

The robust correlation identified in our study provides empirical support for the notion that cultural trends, such as the popularity of specific names, can have discernible effects on financial markets. This adds depth to the recent musings on social media, where individuals humorously suggested investing in "Amani Stocks."

The visual evidence provided by the scatterplot in Fig. 1 further emphasizes the strength of the relationship between the prevalence of the name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock prices, affirming the validity and reliability of our findings. It is indeed remarkable how a seemingly unrelated variable can exhibit such a compelling connection to stock price movements.

In summary, our research has unveiled an intriguing and unexpected correlation between the popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price, reaffirming the significance of considering diverse and unconventional factors in the realm of financial market analysis. These findings offer a fruitful foundation for further exploration into the complex interplay between social and cultural phenomena and their impact on investment decision-making. The implications of our study may prompt financial professionals to incorporate baby name trend analysis into their investment strategies, reminding us that sometimes, a name can hold significant sway in the world of finance.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the intriguing relationship between the prevalence of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX), employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). The aim of this research is to neutrally investigate the potential connection between these seemingly unrelated variables and to provide insightful findings for both the academic and financial communities.

Drawing upon data spanning the years 2002 to 2022, our analysis revealed a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.7252929 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a statistically significant relationship between the popularity of the name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. This groundbreaking discovery paves the way for further investigation into the complexities of human behavior and its impacts on financial markets.

Coincidentally, this correlation may lead to an emerging market strategy by investing in baby names. You could say that Amani's popularity is "stock" on the rise!

Our findings present an intriguing avenue for future research, shedding light on the potential influence of social trends on financial markets, and perhaps prompting financial analysts to keep an eye on baby name trends alongside traditional market indicators.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The influence of social and cultural phenomena on financial markets has been a subject of perennial interest among researchers and analysts alike. In this context, the relationship between the popularity of certain first names and fluctuations in stock prices represents an intriguing and underexplored area of study. The present investigation focuses specifically on the correlation between the prevalence of the first name Amani and the stock price of Freeport-McMoRan (FCX), a leading global natural resources company.
The very idea of a connection between a name and stock prices may sound like a "stock" joke, but our analysis reveals otherwise. This unexpected correlation has captured the attention of both scholars and financial professionals due to its potential implications for market behavior and decision-making processes.
Upon reviewing the literature, it became apparent that no prior study has directly addressed the Amani-FCX relationship in a rigorous, empirical manner. This research seeks to fill this gap by analyzing extensive data sets spanning two decades and employing advanced statistical methods to determine the strength and significance of any observed correlation.
It's not every day that financial analysts find themselves considering the implications of baby names for their investment strategies, but as our findings suggest, they might want to start paying closer attention to the names on the playground, as well as the stock ticker. After all, Amani's rise in popularity could be seen as a "stock" signal not to be ignored!
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Following this introduction, we will provide an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of our investigation, followed by a detailed description of our methodology and data sources. Subsequently, we will present the results of our analysis and discuss their implications for both the academic and financial communities. Finally, we will consider avenues for future research and the potential practical applications of our findings.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of data collected from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) spanning the years 2002 to 2022 revealed a substantial correlation between the popularity of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX). The correlation coefficient of 0.7252929 and an r-squared of 0.5260497 indicated a statistically significant relationship between the two variables. It seems that the influence of Amani extends beyond human relationships to the world of financial markets.
This strong correlation between the name Amani and FCX's stock price prompts one to question if Amani's popularity should be factored into investment strategies. One might say that Amani's influence on stock prices is truly a "name"-able asset!
Fig. 1 depicts the scatterplot, illustrating the compelling relationship between the prevalence of the name Amani and the fluctuations in Freeport-McMoRan's stock prices. The figure serves as visual evidence of the robust correlation found in our analysis.
This unexpected correlation between a name's popularity and a company's stock price offers an intriguing angle for further exploration. As financial professionals consider adding baby name trend analysis to their repertoire, it seems that the saying "what's in a name" has a new financial dimension to it.
In summary, it is clear from our findings that the popularity of the first name Amani demonstrates a significant connection to the stock price of Freeport-McMoRan. This discovery opens a new avenue for research into the impact of social and cultural factors on financial markets, proving that sometimes, a name can carry more weight than expected in the world of investments.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, the findings of this study provide compelling evidence of a strong and statistically significant correlation between the popularity of the first name Amani and the stock price of Freeport-McMoRan (FCX). This unexpected connection between a personal moniker and a global corporation's financial performance opens a veritable Pandora's box of potential implications for investment strategies and market behavior. One might even say that the name Amani is making waves not just in social circles, but in the stock market as well!

The robustness of the correlation coefficient and the visual representation in Fig. 1 leave little room for doubt regarding the existence of this connection. It's as if the name Amani has a direct line to the pulse of Freeport-McMoRan's stock prices! Indeed, this discovery suggests that one might want to consider adding baby name popularity analyses to the set of fundamental and technical indicators when evaluating investment opportunities. After all, if the name Amani can influence stock prices, perhaps it's time to rethink the role of personal nomenclature in financial decision-making. One thing's for certain: Amani's impact on stock prices can't be easily dismissed as mere coincidence!

The implications of this research extend beyond the financial realm, shedding light on the intricate ways in which seemingly unrelated social and cultural phenomena can intersect with economic indicators. Our findings underscore the importance of considering a diverse range of factors in understanding market dynamics, including those as seemingly innocuous as baby names. As the saying goes, "what's in a name," indeed—apparently, quite a bit when it comes to stock market movements!

In light of these compelling findings, it is clear that further research exploring the influence of first name popularity on financial markets is warranted, providing an amusing but potentially indispensable area for future investigation. However, it is imperative that these future studies maintain the same dry demeanor as this research. One simply cannot risk the integrity of scholarly research by engaging in humor! Nonetheless, it is self-evident that no further research is needed in this area.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Socioeconomic Affect Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

Institute for Applied Memetics and Social Influence

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price with an abstract of This study delves into the intriguing relationship between the prevalence of the first name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX), employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). The aim of this research is to neutrally investigate the potential connection between these seemingly unrelated variables and to provide insightful findings for both the academic and financial communities.
Drawing upon data spanning the years 2002 to 2022, our analysis revealed a surprisingly robust correlation coefficient of 0.7252929 and a p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a statistically significant relationship between the popularity of the name Amani and Freeport-McMoRan's stock price. This groundbreaking discovery paves the way for further investigation into the complexities of human behavior and its impacts on financial markets.
Coincidentally, this correlation may lead to an emerging market strategy by investing in baby names. You could say that Amani's popularity is "stock" on the rise!
Our findings present an intriguing avenue for future research, shedding light on the potential influence of social trends on financial markets, and perhaps prompting financial analysts to keep an eye on baby name trends alongside traditional market indicators.

ChatGPT:

Amani, Freeport-McMoRan, stock price, correlation, baby names, market strategy, social trends, financial markets, influence, Amani's popularity, investment, academic research, financial communities, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, correlation coefficient, p-value, human behavior, emerging market strategy.

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

Popularity of the first name Amani
Detailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Amani
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Amani

Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Freeport-McMoRan (FCX) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: ^{See full details} Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX)

Correlation r = 0.7252929 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.5260497 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 52.6% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Amani) over the 21 years from 2002 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 0.0002.^Show 0.0001989309402905045200000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.73 in 0.02% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 5,027 random variables^Note Which I absolutely did.
with the same 20 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 20 because we have two variables measured over a period of 21 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.43, 0.88 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Popularity of the first name Amani (Babies born)	443	443	581	518	537	559	667	638	642	629	627	560	515	466	473	438	440	476	514	493	604
Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX) (Stock price)	6.58	8.17	20.84	18.91	26.97	26.84	51.19	12.36	41.03	60.44	38.02	35.12	37.44	23.2	6.6	13.49	19.05	10.01	13.35	27.24	41.48

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. ^Note Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([443,443,581,518,537,559,667,638,642,629,627,560,515,466,473,438,440,476,514,493,604,])
array_2 = np.array([6.58,8.17,20.84,18.91,26.97,26.84,51.19,12.36,41.03,60.44,38.02,35.12,37.44,23.2,6.6,13.49,19.05,10.01,13.35,27.24,41.48,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Amani"
array_2_name = "Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Popularity of the first name Amani
Line chart for only Freeport-McMoRan's stock price (FCX)
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: The Amani Affect: An Exploration of the Correlation Between Amani's Popularity and Freeport-McMoRan's Stock Price

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Correlation ID: 2033 · Black Variable ID: 3272 · Red Variable ID: 1709


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