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Spurious correlation #1,992 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and the second variable is Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags.  The chart goes from 2003 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon increased, so did the chance of nail-related incidents. These incidents eventually led to an uptick in automotive recalls due to air bag issues. It seems the nail techs' colorful creations were more explosive than anyone anticipated, leading to a real nail-biter of a situation for car manufacturers. The state found itself in a slippery situation, with the demand for perfectly polished nails inadvertently leading to a sharp increase in air bag malfunctions. It's a real "who knew" moment, as these seemingly unrelated industries found themselves entangled in a truly bizarre cause-and-effect scenario.

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Create an image of a vibrant nail salon and auto repair shop scene in Oregon. The nail salon is filled with vibrant colors, and the manicurists are meticulously painting and filing nails, while customers enjoy pedicures in a relaxed atmosphere. Adjacent to the salon, the automotive repair shop is bustling with activity as skilled technicians work on airbag recalls for a line of cars, each one carefully inspected and serviced. Each setting should convey the unique energy of both environments, capturing the contrast between the beauty and precision of the nail salon and the mechanical expertise of the auto repair shop. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Realistic Voxel art Parallax art An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie Charcoal
ChatGPT: Realistic

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling nail salon in Oregon, several manicurists are busy filing and painting nails, while a group of pedicurists attend to customers' feet. Nearby, in a busy automotive repair shop, a line of cars are being serviced for airbag recalls.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Realistic ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling nail salon in Oregon, several manicurists are busy filing and painting nails, while a group of pedicurists attend to customers' feet. Nearby, in a busy automotive repair shop, a line of cars are being serviced for airbag recalls. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Create an image of a vibrant nail salon and auto repair shop scene in Oregon. The nail salon is filled with vibrant colors, and the manicurists are meticulously painting and filing nails, while customers enjoy pedicures in a relaxed atmosphere. Adjacent to the salon, the automotive repair shop is bustling with activity as skilled technicians work on airbag recalls for a line of cars, each one carefully inspected and serviced. Each setting should convey the unique energy of both environments, capturing the contrast between the beauty and precision of the nail salon and the mechanical expertise of the auto repair shop.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humerus responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon caused Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags to increase. Include a lot of jokes and puns.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study

The Quarterly Journal of Podiatric Productivity

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title a clever pun.

Your research team used data from Bureau of Larbor Statistics and US DOT to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and p < 0.01 for 2003 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the surprising correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the state of Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. While the topic may initially seem like a stretch, our research has uncovered a statistical link worthy of a good manicure joke.

Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, our team thoroughly analyzed the trends and numbers from 2003 to 2022, looking for any polished connections. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, the evidence points to a strong relationship that can't be brushed aside.

At first glance, one might wonder what nails and air bags have in common, but our findings suggest that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in automotive recalls related to air bag issues. This correlation begs the question: are people in Oregon so focused on their nails that essential air bag safety measures are overlooked? We couldn't help but chuckle at the implication.

In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on this curious correlation but also highlights the potential impact of seemingly unrelated industries on automotive safety. As we wrap up, it's clear that the connection between nails and air bags might not be so far-fetched after all – it's an unexpected twist that deserves some applause, or at least a round of nail-related puns.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the surprising correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the state of Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. While the topic may initially seem like a stretch, our research has uncovered a statistical link worthy of a good manicure joke.

Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, our team thoroughly analyzed the trends and numbers from 2003 to 2022, looking for any polished connections. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, the evidence points to a strong relationship that can't be brushed aside.

At first glance, one might wonder what nails and air bags have in common, but our findings suggest that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in automotive recalls related to air bag issues. This correlation begs the question: are people in Oregon so focused on their nails that essential air bag safety measures are overlooked? We couldn't help but chuckle at the implication.

In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on this curious correlation but also highlights the potential impact of seemingly unrelated industries on automotive safety. As we wrap up, it's clear that the connection between nails and air bags might not be so far-fetched after all – it's an unexpected twist that deserves some applause, or at least a round of nail-related puns.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

Ladies and gentlemen, let's nail down the curious correlation we've uncovered between the seemingly disconnected worlds of manicurists, pedicurists, and automotive recalls for air bag issues in the great state of Oregon. We promise not to polish over the details, but let's not get too carried away – after all, we wouldn't want to brush off such a fascinating connection.

As the saying goes, "You can't rush art, but you can re-paint it." And boy, did we take our time with this one. Our research team has painstakingly combed through data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, shaping our analysis from 2003 to 2022. Our dedication to this topic is nothing to be "filed" away lightly, even if it means enduring the occasional nail-breaking pun.

Now, I know what you're thinking: "What do air bags and a mani-pedi have to do with each other?" Well, folks, it turns out that when there's an upswing in the number of manicurists and pedicurists primping and prodding in Oregon, automotive recalls for air bag issues also go through the roof. It's a head-scratcher, for sure, but that's the kind of intriguing mystery that keeps us on our toes – or should I say, our fingertips?

While our findings do raise some serious questions about air bag safety and the attention to detail in the Beaver State, it's not all doom and gloom. After all, who knew that the world of vehicle safety could use a touch of color and class from the nail care industry? It's enough to make you want to brush up on your own knowledge of unlikely connections and maybe treat yourself to a well-deserved pun or two. We certainly couldn't resist.

In the end, what we've discovered here isn't just a matter of statistical sleight of hand. This study opens the door to a whole new realm of possibilities, where seemingly unrelated industries might hold surprising sway over automotive safety. It's a revelation that's tough to file away, and a topic we couldn't leave unpolished – no matter how many dad jokes it inspired.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading the backs of shampoo bottles.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the surprising correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the state of Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. While the topic may initially seem like a stretch, our research has uncovered a statistical link worthy of a good manicure joke.

Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, our team thoroughly analyzed the trends and numbers from 2003 to 2022, looking for any polished connections. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, the evidence points to a strong relationship that can't be brushed aside.

At first glance, one might wonder what nails and air bags have in common, but our findings suggest that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in automotive recalls related to air bag issues. This correlation begs the question: are people in Oregon so focused on their nails that essential air bag safety measures are overlooked? We couldn't help but chuckle at the implication.

In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on this curious correlation but also highlights the potential impact of seemingly unrelated industries on automotive safety. As we wrap up, it's clear that the connection between nails and air bags might not be so far-fetched after all – it's an unexpected twist that deserves some applause, or at least a round of nail-related puns.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Ladies and gentlemen, let's nail down the curious correlation we've uncovered between the seemingly disconnected worlds of manicurists, pedicurists, and automotive recalls for air bag issues in the great state of Oregon. We promise not to polish over the details, but let's not get too carried away – after all, we wouldn't want to brush off such a fascinating connection.
As the saying goes, "You can't rush art, but you can re-paint it." And boy, did we take our time with this one. Our research team has painstakingly combed through data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, shaping our analysis from 2003 to 2022. Our dedication to this topic is nothing to be "filed" away lightly, even if it means enduring the occasional nail-breaking pun.
Now, I know what you're thinking: "What do air bags and a mani-pedi have to do with each other?" Well, folks, it turns out that when there's an upswing in the number of manicurists and pedicurists primping and prodding in Oregon, automotive recalls for air bag issues also go through the roof. It's a head-scratcher, for sure, but that's the kind of intriguing mystery that keeps us on our toes – or should I say, our fingertips?
While our findings do raise some serious questions about air bag safety and the attention to detail in the Beaver State, it's not all doom and gloom. After all, who knew that the world of vehicle safety could use a touch of color and class from the nail care industry? It's enough to make you want to brush up on your own knowledge of unlikely connections and maybe treat yourself to a well-deserved pun or two. We certainly couldn't resist.
In the end, what we've discovered here isn't just a matter of statistical sleight of hand. This study opens the door to a whole new realm of possibilities, where seemingly unrelated industries might hold surprising sway over automotive safety. It's a revelation that's tough to file away, and a topic we couldn't leave unpolished – no matter how many dad jokes it inspired.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

When examining the link between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags, our study began by delving into existing research on the topic. Smith (2015) explored occupational trends in the beauty industry and their potential impact on vehicle safety, shedding light on the intricate details of this surprising correlation. However, what Smith's work lacked were, quite frankly, some good old-fashioned dad jokes. But fear not, for we are here to fill that comedic void.

Doe and Jones (2018) took a slightly different approach, analyzing automotive recall data for various safety issues in different states. While their findings were informative, they failed to acknowledge the potential influence of a well-executed manicure on air bag functionality. It's a missed opportunity, really. But don't worry, we're about to make up for it with some nail-biting puns.

In "Automotive Safety: A Comprehensive Overview" by Miller and Johnson (2017), the authors provide an in-depth analysis of safety features and concerns in the automotive industry. Although the book doesn't specifically delve into the impact of nail care professionals on air bag functionality, it does offer a wealth of information that complements our study. It's like the base coat to our nail polish – essential, but not as flashy.

Turning to non-fiction literature related to the broader context of occupational trends, "The Science of Beauty: Exploring the Intersection of Aesthetics and Economics" by Lee (2019) and "Driven: The Economics of the Automotive Industry" by Patel (2016) offer valuable insights into the worlds of beauty and automobiles. While neither book directly addresses the correlation we're exploring, their relevance to the broader themes of our study can't be brushed aside.

In the realm of fiction, titles such as "The Manicure Murders" by Sharp and "Pedicure Panic" by Wells may seem like they could offer insight, but alas, their plots center around different forms of intrigue and suspense. However, their titles did inspire some of our team's most toe-curling puns, so they were not entirely without merit.

And now, dear reader, we must confess to a less conventional approach to our literature review. In addition to scholarly sources, we expanded our research to include less traditional outlets, such as the backs of shampoo bottles in the university gym's locker room. While their insights into nail care and automotive safety were, let's say, limited, the experience did provide us with an abundance of questionable hair tips and a newfound appreciation for academic journals.

In summary, the literature surrounding the surprising correlation between the number of beauty professionals and automotive recalls for air bag issues might not have directly addressed our specific research questions, but it certainly didn't leave us high and dry – or should I say, high and "mani"? We've distilled the key findings and synthesized them with a healthy dose of humor, ready to polish this paper to perfection.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Bureau of Larbor Statistics and US DOT . You used data from 2003 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the surprising correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the state of Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. While the topic may initially seem like a stretch, our research has uncovered a statistical link worthy of a good manicure joke.

Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, our team thoroughly analyzed the trends and numbers from 2003 to 2022, looking for any polished connections. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, the evidence points to a strong relationship that can't be brushed aside.

At first glance, one might wonder what nails and air bags have in common, but our findings suggest that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in automotive recalls related to air bag issues. This correlation begs the question: are people in Oregon so focused on their nails that essential air bag safety measures are overlooked? We couldn't help but chuckle at the implication.

In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on this curious correlation but also highlights the potential impact of seemingly unrelated industries on automotive safety. As we wrap up, it's clear that the connection between nails and air bags might not be so far-fetched after all – it's an unexpected twist that deserves some applause, or at least a round of nail-related puns.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
Ladies and gentlemen, let's nail down the curious correlation we've uncovered between the seemingly disconnected worlds of manicurists, pedicurists, and automotive recalls for air bag issues in the great state of Oregon. We promise not to polish over the details, but let's not get too carried away – after all, we wouldn't want to brush off such a fascinating connection.
As the saying goes, "You can't rush art, but you can re-paint it." And boy, did we take our time with this one. Our research team has painstakingly combed through data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, shaping our analysis from 2003 to 2022. Our dedication to this topic is nothing to be "filed" away lightly, even if it means enduring the occasional nail-breaking pun.
Now, I know what you're thinking: "What do air bags and a mani-pedi have to do with each other?" Well, folks, it turns out that when there's an upswing in the number of manicurists and pedicurists primping and prodding in Oregon, automotive recalls for air bag issues also go through the roof. It's a head-scratcher, for sure, but that's the kind of intriguing mystery that keeps us on our toes – or should I say, our fingertips?
While our findings do raise some serious questions about air bag safety and the attention to detail in the Beaver State, it's not all doom and gloom. After all, who knew that the world of vehicle safety could use a touch of color and class from the nail care industry? It's enough to make you want to brush up on your own knowledge of unlikely connections and maybe treat yourself to a well-deserved pun or two. We certainly couldn't resist.
In the end, what we've discovered here isn't just a matter of statistical sleight of hand. This study opens the door to a whole new realm of possibilities, where seemingly unrelated industries might hold surprising sway over automotive safety. It's a revelation that's tough to file away, and a topic we couldn't leave unpolished – no matter how many dad jokes it inspired.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Our methodology for this study can be described as a delicate and intricate dance, much like the artistry involved in a meticulous manicure. First, we meticulously collected data from various sources, including the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation. We then merged and smoothed out this information, ensuring that our dataset was as polished as a well-maintained set of nails. It was quite the handiwork - pun intended.

To kick things off with a bit of flair, we employed a multivariate regression model, examining the relationship between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and automotive recalls for air bag issues. This model was certainly no walk in the park, but rather a carefully choreographed maneuver through the intricate world of statistical analysis – a bit like a well-executed nail art design.

To ensure the robustness of our findings, we also conducted sensitivity analyses, testing different variables and scenarios to see if our results stood the test of time and trends. It was like trying out different nail polish colors - a matter of finding the perfect shade that accentuates the beauty of the underlying data.

Additionally, we performed a time-series analysis to delve into the temporal patterns and fluctuations of both the manicurist/pedicurist workforce and automotive recalls for air bag issues. Like a skilled nail technician, we carefully examined the trends and variations, seeking to uncover any hidden layers of correlation between these seemingly disparate domains.

To add a bit of spice to our methodology, we even dabbled in a novel approach inspired by the world of nail art – a technique we affectionately named the "color spectrum analysis." This involved categorizing the data into vibrant hues and shades, metaphorically painting a picture of the relationship between nails and air bags. After all, who said statistical analysis can't be a touch of artistic expression?

Finally, for the finishing touch, we conducted a thorough review and validation of our results, engaging in peer discussions and expert consultations to ensure that our study had the right shine and gloss. We couldn't help but compare this process to a group of colleagues discussing the best techniques for a flawless French manicure – only, in our case, the topic was statistical significance and data integrity.

In summary, our methodology was a blending of precision and creativity, like the perfect blend of art and science in the world of nail care. It was a quest to uncover a connection that might seem as unexpected as finding a nail in a haystack - pardon the pun. But as we've unraveled this surprising relationship, it's clear that sometimes, the most intriguing discoveries are waiting right beneath our fingertips.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Bureau of Larbor Statistics and US DOT .

For the time period 2003 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9501397, r-squared of 0.9027655, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the surprising correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the state of Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. While the topic may initially seem like a stretch, our research has uncovered a statistical link worthy of a good manicure joke.

Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, our team thoroughly analyzed the trends and numbers from 2003 to 2022, looking for any polished connections. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, the evidence points to a strong relationship that can't be brushed aside.

At first glance, one might wonder what nails and air bags have in common, but our findings suggest that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in automotive recalls related to air bag issues. This correlation begs the question: are people in Oregon so focused on their nails that essential air bag safety measures are overlooked? We couldn't help but chuckle at the implication.

In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on this curious correlation but also highlights the potential impact of seemingly unrelated industries on automotive safety. As we wrap up, it's clear that the connection between nails and air bags might not be so far-fetched after all – it's an unexpected twist that deserves some applause, or at least a round of nail-related puns.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Ladies and gentlemen, let's nail down the curious correlation we've uncovered between the seemingly disconnected worlds of manicurists, pedicurists, and automotive recalls for air bag issues in the great state of Oregon. We promise not to polish over the details, but let's not get too carried away – after all, we wouldn't want to brush off such a fascinating connection.
As the saying goes, "You can't rush art, but you can re-paint it." And boy, did we take our time with this one. Our research team has painstakingly combed through data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, shaping our analysis from 2003 to 2022. Our dedication to this topic is nothing to be "filed" away lightly, even if it means enduring the occasional nail-breaking pun.
Now, I know what you're thinking: "What do air bags and a mani-pedi have to do with each other?" Well, folks, it turns out that when there's an upswing in the number of manicurists and pedicurists primping and prodding in Oregon, automotive recalls for air bag issues also go through the roof. It's a head-scratcher, for sure, but that's the kind of intriguing mystery that keeps us on our toes – or should I say, our fingertips?
While our findings do raise some serious questions about air bag safety and the attention to detail in the Beaver State, it's not all doom and gloom. After all, who knew that the world of vehicle safety could use a touch of color and class from the nail care industry? It's enough to make you want to brush up on your own knowledge of unlikely connections and maybe treat yourself to a well-deserved pun or two. We certainly couldn't resist.
In the end, what we've discovered here isn't just a matter of statistical sleight of hand. This study opens the door to a whole new realm of possibilities, where seemingly unrelated industries might hold surprising sway over automotive safety. It's a revelation that's tough to file away, and a topic we couldn't leave unpolished – no matter how many dad jokes it inspired.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our research findings have unearthed a striking correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. The data from 2003 to 2022 revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397, an r-squared value of 0.9027655, and a p-value less than 0.01, signifying a significant and robust relationship that cannot be brushed off.

Fig. 1 illustrates the strong positive correlation, showcasing the notable association between the two variables. It seems that as the number of manicurists and pedicurists increases, so does the occurrence of automotive recalls related to air bag issues. You might say the data "nails" it – at least, we certainly think so.

Our results indicate that there is more at play than initially meets the eye. The statistical link between nails and air bags is not something to be taken lightly, though the occasional lighthearted pun can't hurt, right?

The implications of our findings prompt a reevaluation of the factors influencing automotive safety. Perhaps it's time to lend an ear, or a fingertip, to the influence of seemingly unrelated industries on critical safety measures. After all, who would have thought that a manicure could have air bag manufacturers on edge? It's an unexpected twist that adds an element of surprise to the typically serious world of automotive safety.

In conclusion, our study brings to light a correlation that, while surprising, is deserving of due consideration. The unexpected connection between manicurists, pedicurists, and automotive recalls for air bag issues in Oregon is not just a statistical anomaly – it's a colorful revelation that highlights the multifaceted influences on vehicle safety. Let's give a round of applause, or maybe just a quick manicure, to the unassuming power of nails and their impact on automotive safety.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the surprising correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the state of Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. While the topic may initially seem like a stretch, our research has uncovered a statistical link worthy of a good manicure joke.

Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, our team thoroughly analyzed the trends and numbers from 2003 to 2022, looking for any polished connections. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, the evidence points to a strong relationship that can't be brushed aside.

At first glance, one might wonder what nails and air bags have in common, but our findings suggest that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in automotive recalls related to air bag issues. This correlation begs the question: are people in Oregon so focused on their nails that essential air bag safety measures are overlooked? We couldn't help but chuckle at the implication.

In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on this curious correlation but also highlights the potential impact of seemingly unrelated industries on automotive safety. As we wrap up, it's clear that the connection between nails and air bags might not be so far-fetched after all – it's an unexpected twist that deserves some applause, or at least a round of nail-related puns.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
When examining the link between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags, our study began by delving into existing research on the topic. Smith (2015) explored occupational trends in the beauty industry and their potential impact on vehicle safety, shedding light on the intricate details of this surprising correlation. However, what Smith's work lacked were, quite frankly, some good old-fashioned dad jokes. But fear not, for we are here to fill that comedic void.
Doe and Jones (2018) took a slightly different approach, analyzing automotive recall data for various safety issues in different states. While their findings were informative, they failed to acknowledge the potential influence of a well-executed manicure on air bag functionality. It's a missed opportunity, really. But don't worry, we're about to make up for it with some nail-biting puns.
In "Automotive Safety: A Comprehensive Overview" by Miller and Johnson (2017), the authors provide an in-depth analysis of safety features and concerns in the automotive industry. Although the book doesn't specifically delve into the impact of nail care professionals on air bag functionality, it does offer a wealth of information that complements our study. It's like the base coat to our nail polish – essential, but not as flashy.
Turning to non-fiction literature related to the broader context of occupational trends, "The Science of Beauty: Exploring the Intersection of Aesthetics and Economics" by Lee (2019) and "Driven: The Economics of the Automotive Industry" by Patel (2016) offer valuable insights into the worlds of beauty and automobiles. While neither book directly addresses the correlation we're exploring, their relevance to the broader themes of our study can't be brushed aside.
In the realm of fiction, titles such as "The Manicure Murders" by Sharp and "Pedicure Panic" by Wells may seem like they could offer insight, but alas, their plots center around different forms of intrigue and suspense. However, their titles did inspire some of our team's most toe-curling puns, so they were not entirely without merit.
And now, dear reader, we must confess to a less conventional approach to our literature review. In addition to scholarly sources, we expanded our research to include less traditional outlets, such as the backs of shampoo bottles in the university gym's locker room. While their insights into nail care and automotive safety were, let's say, limited, the experience did provide us with an abundance of questionable hair tips and a newfound appreciation for academic journals.
In summary, the literature surrounding the surprising correlation between the number of beauty professionals and automotive recalls for air bag issues might not have directly addressed our specific research questions, but it certainly didn't leave us high and dry – or should I say, high and "mani"? We've distilled the key findings and synthesized them with a healthy dose of humor, ready to polish this paper to perfection.

[[RESULTS]]
Our research findings have unearthed a striking correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. The data from 2003 to 2022 revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397, an r-squared value of 0.9027655, and a p-value less than 0.01, signifying a significant and robust relationship that cannot be brushed off.
Fig. 1 illustrates the strong positive correlation, showcasing the notable association between the two variables. It seems that as the number of manicurists and pedicurists increases, so does the occurrence of automotive recalls related to air bag issues. You might say the data "nails" it – at least, we certainly think so.
Our results indicate that there is more at play than initially meets the eye. The statistical link between nails and air bags is not something to be taken lightly, though the occasional lighthearted pun can't hurt, right?
The implications of our findings prompt a reevaluation of the factors influencing automotive safety. Perhaps it's time to lend an ear, or a fingertip, to the influence of seemingly unrelated industries on critical safety measures. After all, who would have thought that a manicure could have air bag manufacturers on edge? It's an unexpected twist that adds an element of surprise to the typically serious world of automotive safety.
In conclusion, our study brings to light a correlation that, while surprising, is deserving of due consideration. The unexpected connection between manicurists, pedicurists, and automotive recalls for air bag issues in Oregon is not just a statistical anomaly – it's a colorful revelation that highlights the multifaceted influences on vehicle safety. Let's give a round of applause, or maybe just a quick manicure, to the unassuming power of nails and their impact on automotive safety.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

The results of our study uncover a noteworthy correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. This surprising relationship, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, supports previous research findings and carries significant implications for automotive safety and the beauty industry. It seems that when it comes to nails and air bags, there's more than meets the eye—even if our puns are just a way to "polish" the discussion.

Our findings align with Smith's (2015) exploration of occupational trends in the beauty industry and their potential impact on vehicle safety. While the initial thought of a connection between manicures and air bags may elicit a chuckle, our results underscore the importance of considering diverse industry influences on automotive safety. It's like finding humor in unexpected places—sometimes, the punchline is right where you least expect it.

Moreover, our study builds upon Doe and Jones' (2018) analysis of automotive recall data, demonstrating that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in recalls related to air bag issues. This nuanced connection underscores the importance of maintaining a firm grasp on safety considerations across industries, even when they may seem unrelated at first glance. Who knew that nail care could have such a hand in automotive safety?

In addition, "The Science of Beauty: Exploring the Intersection of Aesthetics and Economics" by Lee (2019) and "Driven: The Economics of the Automotive Industry" by Patel (2016) provide valuable insights into the economic and aesthetic dimensions of beauty and automotive sectors, offering an intriguing landscape for further exploration. Our findings tie into these broader themes, elevating the understanding of how seemingly disparate industries can intertwine in the most unexpected ways. Much like a well-crafted joke, the connection between manicurists, pedicurists, and air bag recalls is a mix of surprise and insight that keeps us engaged.

Our results, while unexpected, contribute to the broader understanding of occupational trends and their impact on automotive safety. As we continue to unravel the intricate web of industry interconnections, it's clear that the influence of manicurists and pedicurists on automotive recalls for air bag issues in Oregon is no mere superficial matter. This revelation adds a touch of unexpected flair to the serious considerations of automotive safety, proving that even in the realm of statistical analyses, a well-timed pun can be just the "salon" remedy.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delved into the surprising correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the state of Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. While the topic may initially seem like a stretch, our research has uncovered a statistical link worthy of a good manicure joke.

Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, our team thoroughly analyzed the trends and numbers from 2003 to 2022, looking for any polished connections. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, the evidence points to a strong relationship that can't be brushed aside.

At first glance, one might wonder what nails and air bags have in common, but our findings suggest that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in automotive recalls related to air bag issues. This correlation begs the question: are people in Oregon so focused on their nails that essential air bag safety measures are overlooked? We couldn't help but chuckle at the implication.

In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on this curious correlation but also highlights the potential impact of seemingly unrelated industries on automotive safety. As we wrap up, it's clear that the connection between nails and air bags might not be so far-fetched after all – it's an unexpected twist that deserves some applause, or at least a round of nail-related puns.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Ladies and gentlemen, let's nail down the curious correlation we've uncovered between the seemingly disconnected worlds of manicurists, pedicurists, and automotive recalls for air bag issues in the great state of Oregon. We promise not to polish over the details, but let's not get too carried away – after all, we wouldn't want to brush off such a fascinating connection.
As the saying goes, "You can't rush art, but you can re-paint it." And boy, did we take our time with this one. Our research team has painstakingly combed through data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, shaping our analysis from 2003 to 2022. Our dedication to this topic is nothing to be "filed" away lightly, even if it means enduring the occasional nail-breaking pun.
Now, I know what you're thinking: "What do air bags and a mani-pedi have to do with each other?" Well, folks, it turns out that when there's an upswing in the number of manicurists and pedicurists primping and prodding in Oregon, automotive recalls for air bag issues also go through the roof. It's a head-scratcher, for sure, but that's the kind of intriguing mystery that keeps us on our toes – or should I say, our fingertips?
While our findings do raise some serious questions about air bag safety and the attention to detail in the Beaver State, it's not all doom and gloom. After all, who knew that the world of vehicle safety could use a touch of color and class from the nail care industry? It's enough to make you want to brush up on your own knowledge of unlikely connections and maybe treat yourself to a well-deserved pun or two. We certainly couldn't resist.
In the end, what we've discovered here isn't just a matter of statistical sleight of hand. This study opens the door to a whole new realm of possibilities, where seemingly unrelated industries might hold surprising sway over automotive safety. It's a revelation that's tough to file away, and a topic we couldn't leave unpolished – no matter how many dad jokes it inspired.

[[RESULTS]]
Our research findings have unearthed a striking correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. The data from 2003 to 2022 revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397, an r-squared value of 0.9027655, and a p-value less than 0.01, signifying a significant and robust relationship that cannot be brushed off.
Fig. 1 illustrates the strong positive correlation, showcasing the notable association between the two variables. It seems that as the number of manicurists and pedicurists increases, so does the occurrence of automotive recalls related to air bag issues. You might say the data "nails" it – at least, we certainly think so.
Our results indicate that there is more at play than initially meets the eye. The statistical link between nails and air bags is not something to be taken lightly, though the occasional lighthearted pun can't hurt, right?
The implications of our findings prompt a reevaluation of the factors influencing automotive safety. Perhaps it's time to lend an ear, or a fingertip, to the influence of seemingly unrelated industries on critical safety measures. After all, who would have thought that a manicure could have air bag manufacturers on edge? It's an unexpected twist that adds an element of surprise to the typically serious world of automotive safety.
In conclusion, our study brings to light a correlation that, while surprising, is deserving of due consideration. The unexpected connection between manicurists, pedicurists, and automotive recalls for air bag issues in Oregon is not just a statistical anomaly – it's a colorful revelation that highlights the multifaceted influences on vehicle safety. Let's give a round of applause, or maybe just a quick manicure, to the unassuming power of nails and their impact on automotive safety.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In wrapping up our study, it's clear that the connection between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon and automotive recalls for air bag issues is not just a frivolous matter to be filed away. The statistical link we've uncovered raises serious questions about the intricacies of automotive safety, while also adding a touch of unexpected flair to the conversation. Who knew that the state of nails could have such a gripping hold on vehicle safety? A real nail-biter, if you will.

As we conclude, we can confidently assert that further research in this area is unnecessary; we've nailed it.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Quarterly Journal of Podiatric Productivity


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Advanced Cosmetic Safety Research


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Nailing Down the Relationship Between Manicurists, Pedicurists, and Air Bag Recalls in Oregon: A Hands-On Study with an abstract of In this study, we delved into the surprising correlation between the number of manicurists and pedicurists in the state of Oregon and automotive recalls for issues with air bags. While the topic may initially seem like a stretch, our research has uncovered a statistical link worthy of a good manicure joke.
Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the US Department of Transportation, our team thoroughly analyzed the trends and numbers from 2003 to 2022, looking for any polished connections. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9501397 and a p-value less than 0.01, the evidence points to a strong relationship that can't be brushed aside.
At first glance, one might wonder what nails and air bags have in common, but our findings suggest that the presence of more manicurists and pedicurists coincides with an uptick in automotive recalls related to air bag issues. This correlation begs the question: are people in Oregon so focused on their nails that essential air bag safety measures are overlooked? We couldn't help but chuckle at the implication.
In conclusion, our study not only sheds light on this curious correlation but also highlights the potential impact of seemingly unrelated industries on automotive safety. As we wrap up, it's clear that the connection between nails and air bags might not be so far-fetched after all – it's an unexpected twist that deserves some applause, or at least a round of nail-related puns.

ChatGPT:

manicurists, pedicurists, automotive recalls, air bags, Oregon, correlation, statistical analysis, Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Transportation, nail industry, automotive safety, industry impact, unrelated industries

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon
Detailed data title: BLS estimate of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon
Source: Bureau of Larbor Statistics
See what else correlates with The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon

Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags
Source: US DOT
See what else correlates with Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags

Correlation r = 0.9501397 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9027655 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 90.3% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon) over the 20 years from 2003 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.51E-10. 0.0000000001508551215656122000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.95 in 1.51E-8% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 6,628,876,697 random variables You don't actually need 6 billion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 19 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 19 because we have two variables measured over a period of 20 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.88, 0.98 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon (Laborers)18014014080140120130100110120810132017701860233020601910116017101540
Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags (Recalls)10141812151311161423314869106999185587437




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([180,140,140,80,140,120,130,100,110,120,810,1320,1770,1860,2330,2060,1910,1160,1710,1540,])
array_2 = np.array([10,14,18,12,15,13,11,16,14,23,31,48,69,106,99,91,85,58,74,37,])
array_1_name = "The number of manicurists and pedicurists in Oregon"
array_2_name = "Automotive recalls for issues with the Air Bags"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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Correlation ID: 1992 · Black Variable ID: 13421 · Red Variable ID: 1105
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