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Spurious correlation #1,913 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Total NBA League Revenue and the second variable is Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America.  The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

The influx of cash flow in the NBA led to some players splurging on fancy new cars, creating a higher demand for Volkswagen vehicles. This surge in sales put pressure on Volkswagen Group of America to ramp up production, leading to oversights and mistakes that ultimately sparked a recall frenzy. It seems the NBA's swishing success had a wheely unexpected impact on the automotive industry, driving home the point that money can really rev up some peculiar chain reactions!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Create an image of the NBA headquarters surrounded by busy basketball courts, teeming with energetic games and enthusiastic spectators. Show a row of sleek Volkswagen cars parked outside, while workers carefully inspect and resolve any potential issues. Emphasize the dynamic interplay between the bustling NBA league and the diligent efforts of Volkswagen Group of America to address automotive recalls. Use voxel art style to capture the vibrant atmosphere and the proactive measures taken by Volkswagen. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Voxel art Parallax art Minimalism Voxel art Glitch art
ChatGPT: Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America: Voxel art

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In the scene, we see the sprawling NBA headquarters surrounded by vibrant basketball courts and eager fans buying tickets. The basketball courts are teeming with lively games and the spectators are excited. Meanwhile, a line of sleek Volkswagen cars is parked outside the headquarters, with workers diligently checking and fixing any potential issues. The scene embodies the interplay between the high revenue generated by the NBA league and the proactive measures taken by Volkswagen Group of America to address automotive recalls.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America: Voxel art ] and depicting this scene: In the scene, we see the sprawling NBA headquarters surrounded by vibrant basketball courts and eager fans buying tickets. The basketball courts are teeming with lively games and the spectators are excited. Meanwhile, a line of sleek Volkswagen cars is parked outside the headquarters, with workers diligently checking and fixing any potential issues. The scene embodies the interplay between the high revenue generated by the NBA league and the proactive measures taken by Volkswagen Group of America to address automotive recalls. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Create an image of the NBA headquarters surrounded by busy basketball courts, teeming with energetic games and enthusiastic spectators. Show a row of sleek Volkswagen cars parked outside, while workers carefully inspect and resolve any potential issues. Emphasize the dynamic interplay between the bustling NBA league and the diligent efforts of Volkswagen Group of America to address automotive recalls. Use voxel art style to capture the vibrant atmosphere and the proactive measures taken by Volkswagen.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Total NBA League Revenue caused Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America to increase. Include one good pun.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls

The Journal of Unlikely Correlations

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, make it sound serious.

Your research team used data from Statisa and US DOT to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and p < 0.01 for 2002 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the surprising link between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Drawing from data provided by Statisa and the US Department of Transportation, our research team meticulously examined the period from 2002 to 2022. We unearthed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, suggesting a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate entities. Our findings shed light on the curious interplay between the world of sports and the automotive industry, offering a fresh perspective that stretches beyond the courts and onto the open road. With a touch of humor and a keen eye for unexpected connections, we tackle this inconspicuous link and invite fellow scholars to join us on this unexpected journey through the realms of revenue and recalls.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the surprising link between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Drawing from data provided by Statisa and the US Department of Transportation, our research team meticulously examined the period from 2002 to 2022. We unearthed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, suggesting a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate entities. Our findings shed light on the curious interplay between the world of sports and the automotive industry, offering a fresh perspective that stretches beyond the courts and onto the open road. With a touch of humor and a keen eye for unexpected connections, we tackle this inconspicuous link and invite fellow scholars to join us on this unexpected journey through the realms of revenue and recalls.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
INTRODUCTION

The world of sports and automobile manufacturing may seem as related as cats and quantum physics, but our research has uncovered an incredible bond between two seemingly unrelated domains. Drawing upon the fields of economics, sports management, and automotive engineering, we embarked on a journey to explore the enigmatic connection between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the issuance of automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. What initially appeared to be a shot in the dark led us straight to a slam dunk discovery that left us reeling and scratching our heads in astonishment.

The allure of the NBA, with its high-flying dunks, swishes, and buzzer-beaters, seems far removed from the complexities of automotive engineering and consumer safety. Similarly, the recall announcements by Volkswagen Group of America, often the subject of serious discussions and concerns, contrast starkly with the glamour and excitement of professional basketball. However, as we delved into the mountains of data and navigated through the byzantine world of statistical analyses, we were struck by the unexpected and unmistakable relationship that unfolded before us.

Our investigation took us on a wild ride through datasets from 2002 to 2022, where we encountered twists and turns that would rival any NBA playoff game. With earnest curiosity and a sprinkle of dry humor, we dissected the numbers, leaving no stone unturned and no stat unscrutinized. The results were nothing short of staggering: a correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a devilishly low p-value of less than 0.01 emerged, distinctly indicating a robust and unlikely association between the two entities.

This paper aims to peel back the layers of this intriguing interplay, offering an in-depth analysis of how the rise and fall of total NBA league revenue aligns with the waves of automotive recalls from a major industry player. The implications of our findings extend beyond the confines of basketball courts and factory floors, painting an elaborate portrait of the unexpected ways in which economics, consumer behavior, and corporate dynamics intersect. With a blend of academic rigor, subtle humor, and a penchant for unearthing eccentric connections, we present our discoveries with the hope of provoking further exploration and scholarly engagement.

As we embark on this scholarly expedition, we invite our fellow researchers to join us in unraveling this tale of revenue and recalls—a narrative that, much like a well-executed pick-and-roll, combines finesse, precision, and the element of surprise in equal measure. So, tighten your laces, fasten your seatbelts, and let's press on to uncover the intriguing link between the swishing net and the revving engine.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the surprising link between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Drawing from data provided by Statisa and the US Department of Transportation, our research team meticulously examined the period from 2002 to 2022. We unearthed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, suggesting a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate entities. Our findings shed light on the curious interplay between the world of sports and the automotive industry, offering a fresh perspective that stretches beyond the courts and onto the open road. With a touch of humor and a keen eye for unexpected connections, we tackle this inconspicuous link and invite fellow scholars to join us on this unexpected journey through the realms of revenue and recalls.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The world of sports and automobile manufacturing may seem as related as cats and quantum physics, but our research has uncovered an incredible bond between two seemingly unrelated domains. Drawing upon the fields of economics, sports management, and automotive engineering, we embarked on a journey to explore the enigmatic connection between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the issuance of automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. What initially appeared to be a shot in the dark led us straight to a slam dunk discovery that left us reeling and scratching our heads in astonishment.
The allure of the NBA, with its high-flying dunks, swishes, and buzzer-beaters, seems far removed from the complexities of automotive engineering and consumer safety. Similarly, the recall announcements by Volkswagen Group of America, often the subject of serious discussions and concerns, contrast starkly with the glamour and excitement of professional basketball. However, as we delved into the mountains of data and navigated through the byzantine world of statistical analyses, we were struck by the unexpected and unmistakable relationship that unfolded before us.
Our investigation took us on a wild ride through datasets from 2002 to 2022, where we encountered twists and turns that would rival any NBA playoff game. With earnest curiosity and a sprinkle of dry humor, we dissected the numbers, leaving no stone unturned and no stat unscrutinized. The results were nothing short of staggering: a correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a devilishly low p-value of less than 0.01 emerged, distinctly indicating a robust and unlikely association between the two entities.
This paper aims to peel back the layers of this intriguing interplay, offering an in-depth analysis of how the rise and fall of total NBA league revenue aligns with the waves of automotive recalls from a major industry player. The implications of our findings extend beyond the confines of basketball courts and factory floors, painting an elaborate portrait of the unexpected ways in which economics, consumer behavior, and corporate dynamics intersect. With a blend of academic rigor, subtle humor, and a penchant for unearthing eccentric connections, we present our discoveries with the hope of provoking further exploration and scholarly engagement.
As we embark on this scholarly expedition, we invite our fellow researchers to join us in unraveling this tale of revenue and recalls—a narrative that, much like a well-executed pick-and-roll, combines finesse, precision, and the element of surprise in equal measure. So, tighten your laces, fasten your seatbelts, and let's press on to uncover the intriguing link between the swishing net and the revving engine.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The literature on the correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena such as sports league revenue and automotive recalls may seem about as likely as finding a four-leaf clover in a field of basketballs. Yet, our scholarly pursuit has led us to a treasure trove of insights, resplendent with gems of knowledge and unexpected quirks. Our review commences with the canonical work of Smith and colleagues, who paved the way for explorations into the uncharted territories of cross-industry correlations. In "Revenue Dynamics: Unveiling Links Beyond Borders," Smith et al. presented a comprehensive analysis of revenue trends across various sectors, unknowingly laying the groundwork for our own revelatory findings.

Doe's seminal article, "Recalls: An Automotive Enigma," plunges deep into the labyrinthine world of automotive recalls, shedding light on the complex interplay between consumer expectations, manufacturing processes, and vehicular safety. Their work serves as a lighthouse in the stormy seas of recall data, illuminating the ways in which automotive giants navigate the tempestuous waters of consumer perceptions and industry regulations.

Jones, in "Sportonomics: Economic Forces at Play in Professional Athletics," takes a bold leap into the world of sports economics, dissecting the intricate web of financial dynamics that underpin the operations of major sports leagues. While their work may not explicitly delve into automotive recalls, it sets the stage for our own seemingly improbable yet undeniably compelling investigation.

Turning the page from rigorous academic research, we venture into the realm of non-fiction books that offer tangential yet relevant insights. "Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game" by Michael Lewis may initially raise eyebrows for its apparent deviation from our topic, yet the underlying principles of data-driven decision-making and unearthing unconventional correlations resonate deeply with our own research endeavors. Similarly, "Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything" by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner serves as a beacon, guiding us through unexpected connections and unconventional analytical pathways.

Deriving inspiration from the world of fiction, we encounter titles such as "The Da Vinci Code" by Dan Brown, where cryptic clues and enigmatic patterns lead the protagonists to unveil unsuspected truths. In a similarly whimsical fashion, the works of Douglas Adams, particularly "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy," parallel our own journey of navigating through bewildering correlations that defy conventional wisdom.

Taking an unexpected turn into the twilight zone of literature review methodologies, we must acknowledge the unorthodox sources that shaped our understanding of the enigmatic world of basketball revenue and automotive recalls. After all, who would have thought that perusing CVS receipts while standing in line could provide nuanced insights into the consumer behaviors that underpin our very investigation? Yes, we confess that amidst the mundane assortment of purchases and savings offers, a kernel of wisdom lurked, urging us to see beyond the ordinary and into the absurdly extraordinary.

As our literature review traverses the landscape of the orthodox and the whimsical, we invite our readers to embrace the unexpected, for it is amid the byways of the unconventional that the seeds of unorthodox knowledge find fertile ground.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Statisa and US DOT . You used data from 2002 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the surprising link between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Drawing from data provided by Statisa and the US Department of Transportation, our research team meticulously examined the period from 2002 to 2022. We unearthed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, suggesting a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate entities. Our findings shed light on the curious interplay between the world of sports and the automotive industry, offering a fresh perspective that stretches beyond the courts and onto the open road. With a touch of humor and a keen eye for unexpected connections, we tackle this inconspicuous link and invite fellow scholars to join us on this unexpected journey through the realms of revenue and recalls.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The world of sports and automobile manufacturing may seem as related as cats and quantum physics, but our research has uncovered an incredible bond between two seemingly unrelated domains. Drawing upon the fields of economics, sports management, and automotive engineering, we embarked on a journey to explore the enigmatic connection between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the issuance of automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. What initially appeared to be a shot in the dark led us straight to a slam dunk discovery that left us reeling and scratching our heads in astonishment.
The allure of the NBA, with its high-flying dunks, swishes, and buzzer-beaters, seems far removed from the complexities of automotive engineering and consumer safety. Similarly, the recall announcements by Volkswagen Group of America, often the subject of serious discussions and concerns, contrast starkly with the glamour and excitement of professional basketball. However, as we delved into the mountains of data and navigated through the byzantine world of statistical analyses, we were struck by the unexpected and unmistakable relationship that unfolded before us.
Our investigation took us on a wild ride through datasets from 2002 to 2022, where we encountered twists and turns that would rival any NBA playoff game. With earnest curiosity and a sprinkle of dry humor, we dissected the numbers, leaving no stone unturned and no stat unscrutinized. The results were nothing short of staggering: a correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a devilishly low p-value of less than 0.01 emerged, distinctly indicating a robust and unlikely association between the two entities.
This paper aims to peel back the layers of this intriguing interplay, offering an in-depth analysis of how the rise and fall of total NBA league revenue aligns with the waves of automotive recalls from a major industry player. The implications of our findings extend beyond the confines of basketball courts and factory floors, painting an elaborate portrait of the unexpected ways in which economics, consumer behavior, and corporate dynamics intersect. With a blend of academic rigor, subtle humor, and a penchant for unearthing eccentric connections, we present our discoveries with the hope of provoking further exploration and scholarly engagement.
As we embark on this scholarly expedition, we invite our fellow researchers to join us in unraveling this tale of revenue and recalls—a narrative that, much like a well-executed pick-and-roll, combines finesse, precision, and the element of surprise in equal measure. So, tighten your laces, fasten your seatbelts, and let's press on to uncover the intriguing link between the swishing net and the revving engine.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Data Collection:
Our research employed a sophisticated and comprehensive data collection process that required us to navigate through the cyber jungle of information. We scoured the depths of the internet, diligently sifting through a myriad of sources, and after numerous detours and dead-ends, we arrived at our primary fountains of truth: Statisa and the US Department of Transportation. These repositories provided us with a treasure trove of data encompassing the years 2002 to 2022, granting us a panoramic view of the terrain we sought to explore.

Selection Criteria:
Navigating through the sea of information was no easy feat, and we had to establish stringent selection criteria to ensure the purity of our data sets. We meticulously sifted through the statistical haystack, carefully plucking out only the most robust and reliable data points. Like discerning connoisseurs, we sieved through the digits and figures, ensuring that our dataset was as crisp and pristine as a freshly-bounced basketball.

Data Analysis:
Once we had amassed our data, the analysis phase commenced, and we found ourselves knee-deep in numerical intricacies. With the fervor of a coach strategizing a game plan, we meticulously examined the variables, teasing out correlations and patterns with the precision of a seasoned point guard threading the needle on a court. Our statistical analyses, woven with the artistry of a master weaver, entailed complex computations and calculations that would test the mettle of even the most seasoned data analyst.

Statistical Tools:
In our arsenal of statistical tools, we employed the venerable Pearson correlation coefficient to gauge the strength and direction of the relationship between the total revenue of the NBA and the frequency of automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. Additionally, we unleashed the formidable power of the p-value, wielding it like a litmus test to discern the significance of the observed correlations.

With a touch of flair and a dash of audacity, we ventured forth armed with our trusty statistical arsenal, carving a path through the thicket of technicalities in our quest to unveil the enigmatic connection between the world of basketball and the automotive landscape.

Validation:
To ensure the robustness of our findings and fend off any lurking skeptics, we subjected our methodology and results to a battery of rigorous validation processes. We embraced the scrutiny, welcoming it like a team ready to face the crucible of competition. Our methodologies and calculations were poked, prodded, and scrutinized from every angle, emerging unscathed and battle-tested, much like a veteran player proving their mettle in the playoffs.

Ethical Considerations:
Indeed, our research journey was not without its ethical expedition. We navigated the labyrinth of ethical considerations with the diligence of a seasoned navigator, preserving the sanctity of data and adhering to the principles of academic propriety. Our ethical compass guided us through the mazes of data manipulation and disclosure, ensuring that the integrity of our findings remained unblemished and beyond reproach.

In sum, our methodology was akin to a well-choreographed dance, seamlessly blending the rigor of scientific inquiry with a dash of methodical whimsy. Our approach, though rife with challenges and hidden obstacles, ultimately unraveled the perplexing tapestry of connections between the realms of revenue and recalls, shedding light on an unexpected nexus that straddles the worlds of sports and automobiles. With a fervent spirit and an unwavering commitment to scholarly precision, we marched forth, propelled by the tantalizing prospect of unveiling the startling convergence of bouncing balls and revving engines.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Statisa and US DOT .

For the time period 2002 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9150499, r-squared of 0.8373162, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the surprising link between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Drawing from data provided by Statisa and the US Department of Transportation, our research team meticulously examined the period from 2002 to 2022. We unearthed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, suggesting a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate entities. Our findings shed light on the curious interplay between the world of sports and the automotive industry, offering a fresh perspective that stretches beyond the courts and onto the open road. With a touch of humor and a keen eye for unexpected connections, we tackle this inconspicuous link and invite fellow scholars to join us on this unexpected journey through the realms of revenue and recalls.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
INTRODUCTION
The world of sports and automobile manufacturing may seem as related as cats and quantum physics, but our research has uncovered an incredible bond between two seemingly unrelated domains. Drawing upon the fields of economics, sports management, and automotive engineering, we embarked on a journey to explore the enigmatic connection between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the issuance of automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. What initially appeared to be a shot in the dark led us straight to a slam dunk discovery that left us reeling and scratching our heads in astonishment.
The allure of the NBA, with its high-flying dunks, swishes, and buzzer-beaters, seems far removed from the complexities of automotive engineering and consumer safety. Similarly, the recall announcements by Volkswagen Group of America, often the subject of serious discussions and concerns, contrast starkly with the glamour and excitement of professional basketball. However, as we delved into the mountains of data and navigated through the byzantine world of statistical analyses, we were struck by the unexpected and unmistakable relationship that unfolded before us.
Our investigation took us on a wild ride through datasets from 2002 to 2022, where we encountered twists and turns that would rival any NBA playoff game. With earnest curiosity and a sprinkle of dry humor, we dissected the numbers, leaving no stone unturned and no stat unscrutinized. The results were nothing short of staggering: a correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a devilishly low p-value of less than 0.01 emerged, distinctly indicating a robust and unlikely association between the two entities.
This paper aims to peel back the layers of this intriguing interplay, offering an in-depth analysis of how the rise and fall of total NBA league revenue aligns with the waves of automotive recalls from a major industry player. The implications of our findings extend beyond the confines of basketball courts and factory floors, painting an elaborate portrait of the unexpected ways in which economics, consumer behavior, and corporate dynamics intersect. With a blend of academic rigor, subtle humor, and a penchant for unearthing eccentric connections, we present our discoveries with the hope of provoking further exploration and scholarly engagement.
As we embark on this scholarly expedition, we invite our fellow researchers to join us in unraveling this tale of revenue and recalls—a narrative that, much like a well-executed pick-and-roll, combines finesse, precision, and the element of surprise in equal measure. So, tighten your laces, fasten your seatbelts, and let's press on to uncover the intriguing link between the swishing net and the revving engine.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

RESULTS

The thorough analysis of data spanning from 2002 to 2022 revealed a surprising correlation between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Our findings indicate a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9150499, accompanied by an impressive r-squared value of 0.8373162, and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. This suggests a robust and compelling relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables.

The strong positive correlation is visually represented in Fig. 1, which depicts a scatterplot unveiling the uncanny synchronicity between total NBA league revenue and automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. The figure showcases the remarkable coherence between the economic prowess of the NBA and the operational challenges faced by Volkswagen Group of America, offering a captivating visual testament to the unexpected interplay between sports revenue and automotive safety concerns.

This unexpected discovery challenges conventional wisdom and invites further scrutiny into the intricacies of corporate dynamics and consumer behavior. While the exact mechanisms driving this correlation remain a subject of conjecture, our results illuminate a thought-provoking relationship that transcends conventional industry boundaries.

The implications of this unanticipated association extend beyond the realms of sports and automotive manufacturing, offering a fresh lens through which to view market dynamics and consumer sentiment. The interplay between the rise and fall of NBA revenue and the fluctuations in automotive recalls presents an intriguing paradigm, prompting contemplation on the complex web of economic, social, and cultural factors that influence consumer behavior and corporate performance.

In conclusion, our research unearths a compelling nexus between the world of sports and the automotive industry, underscoring the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate domains. This discovery serves as a testament to the serendipitous nature of research, wherein unexpected correlations can unravel intriguing narratives that challenge established paradigms. With a blend of academic rigor and a dash of unconventional insight, we present these findings as a catalyst for further explorations into the nuanced tapestry of economic relationships and societal influences.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the surprising link between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Drawing from data provided by Statisa and the US Department of Transportation, our research team meticulously examined the period from 2002 to 2022. We unearthed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, suggesting a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate entities. Our findings shed light on the curious interplay between the world of sports and the automotive industry, offering a fresh perspective that stretches beyond the courts and onto the open road. With a touch of humor and a keen eye for unexpected connections, we tackle this inconspicuous link and invite fellow scholars to join us on this unexpected journey through the realms of revenue and recalls.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The literature on the correlation between seemingly unrelated phenomena such as sports league revenue and automotive recalls may seem about as likely as finding a four-leaf clover in a field of basketballs. Yet, our scholarly pursuit has led us to a treasure trove of insights, resplendent with gems of knowledge and unexpected quirks. Our review commences with the canonical work of Smith and colleagues, who paved the way for explorations into the uncharted territories of cross-industry correlations. In "Revenue Dynamics: Unveiling Links Beyond Borders," Smith et al. presented a comprehensive analysis of revenue trends across various sectors, unknowingly laying the groundwork for our own revelatory findings.
Doe's seminal article, "Recalls: An Automotive Enigma," plunges deep into the labyrinthine world of automotive recalls, shedding light on the complex interplay between consumer expectations, manufacturing processes, and vehicular safety. Their work serves as a lighthouse in the stormy seas of recall data, illuminating the ways in which automotive giants navigate the tempestuous waters of consumer perceptions and industry regulations.
Jones, in "Sportonomics: Economic Forces at Play in Professional Athletics," takes a bold leap into the world of sports economics, dissecting the intricate web of financial dynamics that underpin the operations of major sports leagues. While their work may not explicitly delve into automotive recalls, it sets the stage for our own seemingly improbable yet undeniably compelling investigation.
Turning the page from rigorous academic research, we venture into the realm of non-fiction books that offer tangential yet relevant insights. "Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game" by Michael Lewis may initially raise eyebrows for its apparent deviation from our topic, yet the underlying principles of data-driven decision-making and unearthing unconventional correlations resonate deeply with our own research endeavors. Similarly, "Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything" by Steven D. Levitt and Stephen J. Dubner serves as a beacon, guiding us through unexpected connections and unconventional analytical pathways.
Deriving inspiration from the world of fiction, we encounter titles such as "The Da Vinci Code" by Dan Brown, where cryptic clues and enigmatic patterns lead the protagonists to unveil unsuspected truths. In a similarly whimsical fashion, the works of Douglas Adams, particularly "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy," parallel our own journey of navigating through bewildering correlations that defy conventional wisdom.
Taking an unexpected turn into the twilight zone of literature review methodologies, we must acknowledge the unorthodox sources that shaped our understanding of the enigmatic world of basketball revenue and automotive recalls. After all, who would have thought that perusing CVS receipts while standing in line could provide nuanced insights into the consumer behaviors that underpin our very investigation? Yes, we confess that amidst the mundane assortment of purchases and savings offers, a kernel of wisdom lurked, urging us to see beyond the ordinary and into the absurdly extraordinary.
As our literature review traverses the landscape of the orthodox and the whimsical, we invite our readers to embrace the unexpected, for it is amid the byways of the unconventional that the seeds of unorthodox knowledge find fertile ground.

[[RESULTS]]
RESULTS
The thorough analysis of data spanning from 2002 to 2022 revealed a surprising correlation between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Our findings indicate a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9150499, accompanied by an impressive r-squared value of 0.8373162, and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. This suggests a robust and compelling relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables.
The strong positive correlation is visually represented in Fig. 1, which depicts a scatterplot unveiling the uncanny synchronicity between total NBA league revenue and automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. The figure showcases the remarkable coherence between the economic prowess of the NBA and the operational challenges faced by Volkswagen Group of America, offering a captivating visual testament to the unexpected interplay between sports revenue and automotive safety concerns.
This unexpected discovery challenges conventional wisdom and invites further scrutiny into the intricacies of corporate dynamics and consumer behavior. While the exact mechanisms driving this correlation remain a subject of conjecture, our results illuminate a thought-provoking relationship that transcends conventional industry boundaries.
The implications of this unanticipated association extend beyond the realms of sports and automotive manufacturing, offering a fresh lens through which to view market dynamics and consumer sentiment. The interplay between the rise and fall of NBA revenue and the fluctuations in automotive recalls presents an intriguing paradigm, prompting contemplation on the complex web of economic, social, and cultural factors that influence consumer behavior and corporate performance.
In conclusion, our research unearths a compelling nexus between the world of sports and the automotive industry, underscoring the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate domains. This discovery serves as a testament to the serendipitous nature of research, wherein unexpected correlations can unravel intriguing narratives that challenge established paradigms. With a blend of academic rigor and a dash of unconventional insight, we present these findings as a catalyst for further explorations into the nuanced tapestry of economic relationships and societal influences.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our research has unveiled an unlikely yet robust connection between the total revenue of the NBA and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. While the idea of basketball earnings and automotive glitches dancing in unison may initially seem to be as improbable as finding a cheeseburger at a vegan festival, our results speak for themselves. This unexpected correlation aligns with the trailblazing work of Smith and colleagues, who, unbeknownst to them, laid the groundwork for revelations spanning across industries.

Doe's illuminating foray into the labyrinthine world of automotive recalls gains further resonance as we unravel the unanticipated resonance between sports revenue and vehicular safety concerns. Jones' exploration of economic forces at play in professional athletics set the stage for our own seemingly improbable yet undeniably compelling investigation, subtly nudging us toward uncovering this captivating link.

Venturing into the twilight zone of literature review methodologies, the unorthodox sources that shaped our understanding of the enigmatic world of basketball revenue and automotive recalls now stand as unassuming yet critical heralds of the unordinary. Indeed, as we perused mundane receipts, amidst the quotidian assortment of purchases and savings offers, a kernel of wisdom urged us to see beyond the ordinary and into the absurdly extraordinary. Who would have thought that the humble CVS receipt could offer nuanced insights into the consumer behaviors underpinning our very investigation?

The statistically significant correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and the visually stunning scatterplot in Fig. 1 lend substantial weight to our findings. The substantial r-squared value of 0.8373162 further solidifies the strength of the relationship we've uncovered. It seems that the rise and fall of NBA revenue align surprisingly closely with the ebb and flow of automotive recalls, hinting at an intricate dance between societal sentiment, corporate performance, and market dynamics.

In light of our results, the implications stretch far beyond the realms of sports and automotive manufacturing. The unforeseen interplay between the economic prowess of the NBA and the operational challenges faced by Volkswagen Group of America provokes contemplation on the complex web of economic, social, and cultural factors that influence consumer behavior and corporate performance. Such a discovery serves as a testament to the serendipitous nature of research, where the most unexpected correlations can unravel narratives that challenge established paradigms.

In summary, our findings offer a compelling narrative that challenges conventional wisdom and pushes the boundaries of interdisciplinary research. By shedding light on this seemingly improbable connection, we invite fellow scholars to embrace the unexpected and join us in further explorations into the nuanced tapestry of economic relationships and societal influences.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total NBA League Revenue and Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the surprising link between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Drawing from data provided by Statisa and the US Department of Transportation, our research team meticulously examined the period from 2002 to 2022. We unearthed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, suggesting a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate entities. Our findings shed light on the curious interplay between the world of sports and the automotive industry, offering a fresh perspective that stretches beyond the courts and onto the open road. With a touch of humor and a keen eye for unexpected connections, we tackle this inconspicuous link and invite fellow scholars to join us on this unexpected journey through the realms of revenue and recalls.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The world of sports and automobile manufacturing may seem as related as cats and quantum physics, but our research has uncovered an incredible bond between two seemingly unrelated domains. Drawing upon the fields of economics, sports management, and automotive engineering, we embarked on a journey to explore the enigmatic connection between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the issuance of automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. What initially appeared to be a shot in the dark led us straight to a slam dunk discovery that left us reeling and scratching our heads in astonishment.
The allure of the NBA, with its high-flying dunks, swishes, and buzzer-beaters, seems far removed from the complexities of automotive engineering and consumer safety. Similarly, the recall announcements by Volkswagen Group of America, often the subject of serious discussions and concerns, contrast starkly with the glamour and excitement of professional basketball. However, as we delved into the mountains of data and navigated through the byzantine world of statistical analyses, we were struck by the unexpected and unmistakable relationship that unfolded before us.
Our investigation took us on a wild ride through datasets from 2002 to 2022, where we encountered twists and turns that would rival any NBA playoff game. With earnest curiosity and a sprinkle of dry humor, we dissected the numbers, leaving no stone unturned and no stat unscrutinized. The results were nothing short of staggering: a correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a devilishly low p-value of less than 0.01 emerged, distinctly indicating a robust and unlikely association between the two entities.
This paper aims to peel back the layers of this intriguing interplay, offering an in-depth analysis of how the rise and fall of total NBA league revenue aligns with the waves of automotive recalls from a major industry player. The implications of our findings extend beyond the confines of basketball courts and factory floors, painting an elaborate portrait of the unexpected ways in which economics, consumer behavior, and corporate dynamics intersect. With a blend of academic rigor, subtle humor, and a penchant for unearthing eccentric connections, we present our discoveries with the hope of provoking further exploration and scholarly engagement.
As we embark on this scholarly expedition, we invite our fellow researchers to join us in unraveling this tale of revenue and recalls—a narrative that, much like a well-executed pick-and-roll, combines finesse, precision, and the element of surprise in equal measure. So, tighten your laces, fasten your seatbelts, and let's press on to uncover the intriguing link between the swishing net and the revving engine.

[[RESULTS]]
RESULTS
The thorough analysis of data spanning from 2002 to 2022 revealed a surprising correlation between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Our findings indicate a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9150499, accompanied by an impressive r-squared value of 0.8373162, and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. This suggests a robust and compelling relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables.
The strong positive correlation is visually represented in Fig. 1, which depicts a scatterplot unveiling the uncanny synchronicity between total NBA league revenue and automotive recalls by Volkswagen Group of America. The figure showcases the remarkable coherence between the economic prowess of the NBA and the operational challenges faced by Volkswagen Group of America, offering a captivating visual testament to the unexpected interplay between sports revenue and automotive safety concerns.
This unexpected discovery challenges conventional wisdom and invites further scrutiny into the intricacies of corporate dynamics and consumer behavior. While the exact mechanisms driving this correlation remain a subject of conjecture, our results illuminate a thought-provoking relationship that transcends conventional industry boundaries.
The implications of this unanticipated association extend beyond the realms of sports and automotive manufacturing, offering a fresh lens through which to view market dynamics and consumer sentiment. The interplay between the rise and fall of NBA revenue and the fluctuations in automotive recalls presents an intriguing paradigm, prompting contemplation on the complex web of economic, social, and cultural factors that influence consumer behavior and corporate performance.
In conclusion, our research unearths a compelling nexus between the world of sports and the automotive industry, underscoring the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate domains. This discovery serves as a testament to the serendipitous nature of research, wherein unexpected correlations can unravel intriguing narratives that challenge established paradigms. With a blend of academic rigor and a dash of unconventional insight, we present these findings as a catalyst for further explorations into the nuanced tapestry of economic relationships and societal influences.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, our research has unveiled a bountiful correlation between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. The robust relationship, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a p-value that would make any statistician shed a tear of joy at less than 0.01, stands as a testament to the inexplicable synchronization between these seemingly incongruous factors. Our findings present a veritable slam dunk in the realm of unexpected correlations, akin to a point guard executing a flawless alley-oop.

The visual representation of our results in Fig. 1 serves as a compelling illustration of the captivating dance between the economic prowess of the NBA and the operational challenges faced by Volkswagen Group of America. Like a perfectly orchestrated play on the court, this unforeseen connection prompts contemplation on the intricate interplay of market dynamics and consumer sentiment.

As we wrap up this voyage through the realms of revenue and recalls, we invite fellow scholars to ponder the enigmatic tapestry of economic relationships and societal influences. Our findings not only challenge traditional assumptions but also sprinkle a touch of whimsy into the often austere world of academic inquiry. With our tongues placed firmly in our cheeks, we declare that no further research is needed in this area. So, as the final buzzer sounds, we leave this unexpected journey behind, with a pat on its metaphorical back and the understanding that, much like the best humor, the best research often comes from the most unlikely of places.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Unlikely Correlations


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Interdisciplinary Studies of Unlikely Correlations (SISUC)


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Revving Up Revenue: The Slam Dunk Connection Between Total NBA League Revenue and Volkswagen Group of America's Automotive Recalls with an abstract of This paper delves into the surprising link between the total revenue of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the frequency of automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America. Drawing from data provided by Statisa and the US Department of Transportation, our research team meticulously examined the period from 2002 to 2022. We unearthed a remarkably strong correlation coefficient of 0.9150499 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, suggesting a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate entities. Our findings shed light on the curious interplay between the world of sports and the automotive industry, offering a fresh perspective that stretches beyond the courts and onto the open road. With a touch of humor and a keen eye for unexpected connections, we tackle this inconspicuous link and invite fellow scholars to join us on this unexpected journey through the realms of revenue and recalls.

ChatGPT:

NBA revenue, Volkswagen Group of America, automotive recalls, correlation coefficient, statistical significance, Statisa data, US Department of Transportation, sports industry, automotive industry, revenue and recalls relationship

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Total NBA League Revenue
Source: Statisa
See what else correlates with Total NBA League Revenue

Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America
Detailed data title: Automotive recals issued by Volkswagen Group of America
Source: US DOT
See what else correlates with Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America

Correlation r = 0.9150499 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.8373162 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 83.7% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Total NBA League Revenue) over the 21 years from 2002 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 6.3E-9. 0.0000000062985207834730490000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.92 in 6.3E-7% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 158,767,437 random variables You don't actually need 158 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 20 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 20 because we have two variables measured over a period of 21 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.8, 0.97 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
Total NBA League Revenue (Billion US Dollars)2.662.722.933.193.373.573.773.793.813.963.684.564.795.185.177.378.018.767.926.4110.02
Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America (Recalls)68851069821154111325273527303447




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([2.66,2.72,2.93,3.19,3.37,3.57,3.77,3.79,3.81,3.96,3.68,4.56,4.79,5.18,5.17,7.37,8.01,8.76,7.92,6.41,10.02,])
array_2 = np.array([6,8,8,5,10,6,9,8,2,11,5,4,11,13,25,27,35,27,30,34,47,])
array_1_name = "Total NBA League Revenue"
array_2_name = "Automotive recalls issued by Volkswagen Group of America"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 1913 · Black Variable ID: 411 · Red Variable ID: 1120
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