Spurious correlation #1,876 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Solar power generated in Ukraine and the second variable is The number of lawyers in Washington. The chart goes from 2010 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Solar power generated in Ukraine and the second variable is The number of lawyers in Washington. The chart goes from 2010 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As Ukraine's solar power output surged, it inadvertently created a massive wave of energy that affected the Earth's electromagnetic field. This, in turn, led to a sudden spike in brain activity, specifically in individuals inclined towards legal professions. As the energy flowed across the globe, it acted as a catalyst for an inexplicable passion for law within the population of Washington, prompting a significant influx of aspiring lawyers. It seems Ukraine's solar success has inadvertently illuminated a new career path for many in the US capital!

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Prompt: Generate an image of a sunlit field in Ukraine with rows of solar panels stretching across the landscape. In the distance, a line of lawyers from Washington state gather to observe the innovative solar technology, expressing interest in the potential legal implications and opportunities it presents. Create a cybernetic art style representation capturing the fusion of natural and technological elements, with a futuristic and abstract interpretation. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Solar power generated in Ukraine and The number of lawyers in Washington. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: 3D Pixar Style Voxel art 3D Pixar Style 3D Pixar Style Cybernetic art
ChatGPT: Cybernetic art

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Solar power generated in Ukraine and The number of lawyers in Washington together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a sunlit field in Ukraine, rows of solar panels stretch across the landscape, generating clean energy. In the distance, a line of lawyers from Washington state gather to observe the innovative solar technology, expressing interest in the potential legal implications and opportunities it presents.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Cybernetic art ] and depicting this scene: In a sunlit field in Ukraine, rows of solar panels stretch across the landscape, generating clean energy. In the distance, a line of lawyers from Washington state gather to observe the innovative solar technology, expressing interest in the potential legal implications and opportunities it presents. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Prompt: Generate an image of a sunlit field in Ukraine with rows of solar panels stretching across the landscape. In the distance, a line of lawyers from Washington state gather to observe the innovative solar technology, expressing interest in the potential legal implications and opportunities it presents. Create a cybernetic art style representation capturing the fusion of natural and technological elements, with a futuristic and abstract interpretation.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Solar power generated in Ukraine caused The number of lawyers in Washington to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight

The Journal of Radiant Energy and Legal Ramifications

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Ukraine and The number of lawyers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight

[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper investigates the intriguing and unlikely relationship between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. While at first glance, these two variables may seem completely unrelated, our data analysis has revealed a surprisingly strong connection. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the years 2010 to 2021, we calculated a correlation coefficient of 0.9597551 and p < 0.01, indicating a remarkable correlation between these two seemingly disparate factors.

The findings of this study not only shed light on the potential influence of solar power generation on the legal profession, but also raise questions about the underlying mechanisms driving this unexpected association. Although correlation does not equate to causation, the implications of this research are illuminating, to say the least. Our investigation not only leaves us pondering the "solar might" of Ukraine, but also the impact it seems to have on the "legal flight" in Washington. The results underscore the need for further interdisciplinary inquiry to illuminate the underlying factors contributing to this unlikely correlation and, dare we say, "shine a light" on the potential transformative effects of solar energy on legal ecosystems.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The juxtaposition of solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington may seem as jarring as an unexpected sunbeam in a dimly lit courtroom. However, as the late physicist Richard Feynman once quipped, "Nature uses only the longest threads to weave her patterns, so that each small piece of her fabric reveals the organization of the entire tapestry." In this spirit, we embark on an investigation of the enthralling correlation between these seemingly incongruous variables, aiming to illuminate the intricate threads that tether the solar might of Ukraine to the legal flight in Washington.
The allure of solar power, with its promise of renewable energy and sustainable future, meets the legal labyrinth of Washington, where advocates and attorneys navigate the complexities of jurisprudence. One might be forgiven for initially dismissing any connection between them, like the dismissal of a far-fetched legal argument. Nevertheless, our data-driven inquiry has unearthed a correlation so striking, it demands acknowledgement.
As we delve into the depths of this unexpected association, one cannot help but marvel at the irony – the land of borscht and the land of bureaucracy, their destinies intertwined in a statistical embrace. It is an unlikely pairing akin to discovering a solar panel on the roof of an old, stately law firm, both seemingly out of place yet finding a peculiar harmony.
With the stage thus set, we invite the reader to join us in unraveling this mystery, where sunshine and statutes dance an intricate tango. As we proceed with earnest sobriety, let us not lose sight of the flicker of amusement that dances at the periphery of this scholarly endeavor. After all, what could be more illuminating than the unexpected humor that surfaces in the pursuit of knowledge?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In "Solar Power and Its Impact on Legal Occupations" by Smith et al., the authors find an unexpected and statistically significant correlation between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. This seemingly unlikely relationship has sparked a wave of curiosity and disbelief among scholars and practitioners alike. As we delve deeper into this enigmatic association, it is imperative to consider previous research that may shed light on this peculiar correlation.

In "Renewable Energy and Labor Markets" by Doe and Jones, the authors discuss the influence of renewable energy sources on employment trends. While their focus is primarily on the broader impact of renewable energy on labor markets, their findings prompt us to contemplate the potential ripple effects of solar power generation in distant lands on seemingly unrelated occupations, such as law in Washington.

Moving beyond the realm of scholarly articles, "Solar Power in Eastern Europe" by Renewable Energy Experts provides valuable insights into the dynamics of solar energy production in Ukraine. The intersection of this geopolitical context with the legal landscape in Washington is an uncharted territory that offers ample room for contemplation and analysis.

In a departure from the conventional sources, fictional works such as "The Sun Also Rises" by Ernest Hemingway and "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee offer an imaginative lens through which to view the interconnectedness of solar power and the legal profession. Despite their narrative nature, these literary works evoke thought-provoking parallels that resonate with our research findings.

Moreover, perusing the divine comedy of Dante Alighieri and the satirical wit of Mark Twain in "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" beckons us to contemplate the cosmic joke that may underlie this unexpected correlation. Indeed, as we meander through the annals of literature, we encounter unexpected echoes of our own scholarly pursuits, serving as a reminder of the varied pathways to enlightenment.

As we advance into the uncharted territory of interdisciplinary inquiry, it is with a sense of solemnity that we acknowledge the contribution of unconventional sources. From whimsical horoscopes to the cryptic messages in ancient scrolls, each artifact, no matter how absurd, has contributed to our understanding of the inexplicable bond between the solar might of Ukraine and the legal flight in Washington. Indeed, the pursuit of knowledge is a journey that often meanders through unexpected alleys of enlightenment, occasionally stumbling upon the flickering beacon of truth in the most unlikely of places.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Ukraine and The number of lawyers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Energy Information Administration and Bureau of Larbor Statistics . You used data from 2010 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight

[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper investigates the intriguing and unlikely relationship between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. While at first glance, these two variables may seem completely unrelated, our data analysis has revealed a surprisingly strong connection. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the years 2010 to 2021, we calculated a correlation coefficient of 0.9597551 and p < 0.01, indicating a remarkable correlation between these two seemingly disparate factors.

The findings of this study not only shed light on the potential influence of solar power generation on the legal profession, but also raise questions about the underlying mechanisms driving this unexpected association. Although correlation does not equate to causation, the implications of this research are illuminating, to say the least. Our investigation not only leaves us pondering the "solar might" of Ukraine, but also the impact it seems to have on the "legal flight" in Washington. The results underscore the need for further interdisciplinary inquiry to illuminate the underlying factors contributing to this unlikely correlation and, dare we say, "shine a light" on the potential transformative effects of solar energy on legal ecosystems.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The juxtaposition of solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington may seem as jarring as an unexpected sunbeam in a dimly lit courtroom. However, as the late physicist Richard Feynman once quipped, "Nature uses only the longest threads to weave her patterns, so that each small piece of her fabric reveals the organization of the entire tapestry." In this spirit, we embark on an investigation of the enthralling correlation between these seemingly incongruous variables, aiming to illuminate the intricate threads that tether the solar might of Ukraine to the legal flight in Washington.
The allure of solar power, with its promise of renewable energy and sustainable future, meets the legal labyrinth of Washington, where advocates and attorneys navigate the complexities of jurisprudence. One might be forgiven for initially dismissing any connection between them, like the dismissal of a far-fetched legal argument. Nevertheless, our data-driven inquiry has unearthed a correlation so striking, it demands acknowledgement.
As we delve into the depths of this unexpected association, one cannot help but marvel at the irony – the land of borscht and the land of bureaucracy, their destinies intertwined in a statistical embrace. It is an unlikely pairing akin to discovering a solar panel on the roof of an old, stately law firm, both seemingly out of place yet finding a peculiar harmony.
With the stage thus set, we invite the reader to join us in unraveling this mystery, where sunshine and statutes dance an intricate tango. As we proceed with earnest sobriety, let us not lose sight of the flicker of amusement that dances at the periphery of this scholarly endeavor. After all, what could be more illuminating than the unexpected humor that surfaces in the pursuit of knowledge?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Data Collection:
The data utilized in this study was painstakingly collected from various sources, primarily relying on information from the Energy Information Administration and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Additional data sources were consulted to ensure the comprehensive coverage of solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington from the years 2010 to 2021. Our research team scoured the depths of the internet, navigating through a virtual landscape akin to a solar system, in search of these elusive data points.

Solar Power Generation in Ukraine:
To quantify the solar power generated in Ukraine, we harnessed data pertaining to the installation and output of solar panels across wind-swept Ukrainian landscapes. Our data mining efforts yielded a treasure trove of information on solar energy production, akin to unearthing a solar-powered digger in the midst of a legal minefield.

Number of Lawyers in Washington:
The quantification of lawyers in Washington involved an examination of employment statistics specific to the legal profession. These figures were sieved through with a meticulousness akin to sifting through legal briefs in search of that one critical precedent.

Correlational Analysis:
Having gathered the requisite data, we engaged in a rigorous statistical examination to establish the correlation between solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. Employing complex statistical formulas, our analysis teased out the subtle and unexpected connections between these seemingly unrelated variables, much like unraveling a legal argument that surprises even the most seasoned courtroom spectators.

Statistical Significance Testing:
The calculated correlation coefficient was subjected to rigorous scrutiny to ascertain its statistical significance. Utilizing p-values and hypothesis testing, we endeavored to ensure that our findings were not mere statistical happenstance but rather a robust and replicable correlation. The statistical analysis performed was akin to navigating the intricate legalities of a case, where every nuance and precedent carried weight.

Quality Control Measures:
To safeguard the integrity of our findings, we implemented stringent quality control measures throughout the data collection and analysis process. This involved cross-referencing data from multiple sources, conducting sensitivity analyses, and adhering to best practices in statistical methodology. Our approach to quality control was as unwavering as the watchful gaze of a judge presiding over a meticulously argued case.

Limitations:
It is important to acknowledge the limitations inherent in correlational research. While our findings reveal a compelling association between solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington, the causal mechanisms underpinning this correlation remain elusive. The findings of this study should be interpreted with caution, much like a legal precedent that calls for deliberate consideration of its context and implications.

In conclusion, the methodology employed in this study sought to unravel the intricate tapestry that binds solar power generation in Ukraine to the number of lawyers in Washington. Our approach combined exhaustive data collection, sophisticated statistical analysis, and a dash of intellectual whimsy – much like the dance of intellect and levity often witnessed within the confines of a legal discourse.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Ukraine and The number of lawyers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight

[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper investigates the intriguing and unlikely relationship between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. While at first glance, these two variables may seem completely unrelated, our data analysis has revealed a surprisingly strong connection. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the years 2010 to 2021, we calculated a correlation coefficient of 0.9597551 and p < 0.01, indicating a remarkable correlation between these two seemingly disparate factors.

The findings of this study not only shed light on the potential influence of solar power generation on the legal profession, but also raise questions about the underlying mechanisms driving this unexpected association. Although correlation does not equate to causation, the implications of this research are illuminating, to say the least. Our investigation not only leaves us pondering the "solar might" of Ukraine, but also the impact it seems to have on the "legal flight" in Washington. The results underscore the need for further interdisciplinary inquiry to illuminate the underlying factors contributing to this unlikely correlation and, dare we say, "shine a light" on the potential transformative effects of solar energy on legal ecosystems.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "Solar Power and Its Impact on Legal Occupations" by Smith et al., the authors find an unexpected and statistically significant correlation between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. This seemingly unlikely relationship has sparked a wave of curiosity and disbelief among scholars and practitioners alike. As we delve deeper into this enigmatic association, it is imperative to consider previous research that may shed light on this peculiar correlation.
In "Renewable Energy and Labor Markets" by Doe and Jones, the authors discuss the influence of renewable energy sources on employment trends. While their focus is primarily on the broader impact of renewable energy on labor markets, their findings prompt us to contemplate the potential ripple effects of solar power generation in distant lands on seemingly unrelated occupations, such as law in Washington.
Moving beyond the realm of scholarly articles, "Solar Power in Eastern Europe" by Renewable Energy Experts provides valuable insights into the dynamics of solar energy production in Ukraine. The intersection of this geopolitical context with the legal landscape in Washington is an uncharted territory that offers ample room for contemplation and analysis.
In a departure from the conventional sources, fictional works such as "The Sun Also Rises" by Ernest Hemingway and "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee offer an imaginative lens through which to view the interconnectedness of solar power and the legal profession. Despite their narrative nature, these literary works evoke thought-provoking parallels that resonate with our research findings.
Moreover, perusing the divine comedy of Dante Alighieri and the satirical wit of Mark Twain in "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" beckons us to contemplate the cosmic joke that may underlie this unexpected correlation. Indeed, as we meander through the annals of literature, we encounter unexpected echoes of our own scholarly pursuits, serving as a reminder of the varied pathways to enlightenment.
As we advance into the uncharted territory of interdisciplinary inquiry, it is with a sense of solemnity that we acknowledge the contribution of unconventional sources. From whimsical horoscopes to the cryptic messages in ancient scrolls, each artifact, no matter how absurd, has contributed to our understanding of the inexplicable bond between the solar might of Ukraine and the legal flight in Washington. Indeed, the pursuit of knowledge is a journey that often meanders through unexpected alleys of enlightenment, occasionally stumbling upon the flickering beacon of truth in the most unlikely of places.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data revealed a substantial and statistically significant correlation between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9597551, with an r-squared value of 0.9211299, indicating that approximately 92% of the variability in the number of lawyers in Washington can be explained by the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine. The p-value of less than 0.01 further strengthens the evidence supporting this robust correlation.
Figure 1 depicts a scatterplot illustrating the remarkably strong positive relationship between these two variables. The data points cluster tightly around a clear upward trend, demonstrating the pronounced association between solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington.
This unexpected correlation challenges conventional wisdom and prompts us to contemplate the potential mechanisms underlying this intriguing relationship. While our analysis stops short of establishing causation, the implications of this connection between solar power and the legal profession are certainly thought-provoking. The juxtaposition of the "solar might" of Ukraine and the "legal flight" in Washington paints a compelling picture of interconnectedness that extends beyond the boundaries of traditional disciplinary domains.
As we ponder the implications of this unlikely correlation, we recognize the need for further research to disentangle the complex web of factors at play. The synergy between renewable energy and legal representation may just be the tip of the iceberg in uncovering the intricate interplay between seemingly unrelated domains. Our findings not only invite scholarly inquiry into this captivating association but also serve as a vivid reminder of the unexpected delights that empirical exploration can reveal.
The results of this analysis underscore the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to shed light on the underlying forces at work. While the legal and solar landscapes may appear distant at first glance, our findings beckon us to consider the possibility of a deeper, more luminous connection. The implications of this study extend far beyond the realms of Ukraine and Washington, challenging us to reconsider the intricate dance of variables that shape our world.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The findings of this study confirm and significantly extend prior research that suggested an unexpected connection between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. Our results, exhibiting a strong correlation with a coefficient of 0.9597551, provide compelling evidence in support of the previously postulated association.

The literature review unearthed a remarkably eclectic mix of sources that, upon a serious reconsideration, might have subtly hinted at this unanticipated relationship. While initial impressions of contemplating works of fiction, such as "The Sun Also Rises" and "To Kill a Mockingbird," to inform scholarly inquiry may seem far-fetched, our earnest evaluation of these sources in light of the present findings yields unexpected revelations. The subtle thematic undercurrents may indeed contain prescient observations regarding the intersecting realms of solar energy and legal occupation.

Moreover, the esoteric references to whimsical horoscopes and ancient scrolls may, in hindsight, carry an air of legitimacy within the context of this study. As we engage in this multidisciplinary exploration, it becomes evident that the pursuit of knowledge often requires one to traverse seemingly incongruent paths, only to stumble upon the undeniable convergence of solar might and legal flight.

The statistical robustness of the correlation uncovered in this study defies conventional wisdom and beckons further scrutiny into the potential causal mechanisms underlying this perplexing association. It is imperative to note that correlation does not imply causation; nonetheless, the magnitude of the relationship between the variables warrants deeper investigation into the underlying mechanisms. The seemingly incongruous juxtaposition of solar power generation in Ukraine and legal representation in Washington challenges traditional disciplinary boundaries, prompting us to reconsider the intricacies of their interconnection.

The implications of this study extend beyond the spheres of pure economics and energy dynamics, offering a disarming and enlightening peek into the uncharted territories of interwoven disciplines. The unanticipated delight of this investigation beckons us to consider the potential transformative capacity of solar energy on legal labor markets, urging scholars to embrace the unexpected and venture into unexplored intellectual realms.

In conclusion, the findings of this study serve as a poignant reminder of the kaleidoscopic nature of research inquiry, where unexpected connections and seemingly disparate domains converge to yield illuminating insights. The unexpected correlation between solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington challenges conventional notions of disciplinary segregation, paving the way for multidisciplinary collaboration and exploration. The solar might and legal flight, once enigmatic bedfellows, now serve as an unanticipated source of scholarly intrigue, inviting us to venture further into the realm of the unexpected.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Solar power generated in Ukraine and The number of lawyers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight

[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper investigates the intriguing and unlikely relationship between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. While at first glance, these two variables may seem completely unrelated, our data analysis has revealed a surprisingly strong connection. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the years 2010 to 2021, we calculated a correlation coefficient of 0.9597551 and p < 0.01, indicating a remarkable correlation between these two seemingly disparate factors.

The findings of this study not only shed light on the potential influence of solar power generation on the legal profession, but also raise questions about the underlying mechanisms driving this unexpected association. Although correlation does not equate to causation, the implications of this research are illuminating, to say the least. Our investigation not only leaves us pondering the "solar might" of Ukraine, but also the impact it seems to have on the "legal flight" in Washington. The results underscore the need for further interdisciplinary inquiry to illuminate the underlying factors contributing to this unlikely correlation and, dare we say, "shine a light" on the potential transformative effects of solar energy on legal ecosystems.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The juxtaposition of solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington may seem as jarring as an unexpected sunbeam in a dimly lit courtroom. However, as the late physicist Richard Feynman once quipped, "Nature uses only the longest threads to weave her patterns, so that each small piece of her fabric reveals the organization of the entire tapestry." In this spirit, we embark on an investigation of the enthralling correlation between these seemingly incongruous variables, aiming to illuminate the intricate threads that tether the solar might of Ukraine to the legal flight in Washington.
The allure of solar power, with its promise of renewable energy and sustainable future, meets the legal labyrinth of Washington, where advocates and attorneys navigate the complexities of jurisprudence. One might be forgiven for initially dismissing any connection between them, like the dismissal of a far-fetched legal argument. Nevertheless, our data-driven inquiry has unearthed a correlation so striking, it demands acknowledgement.
As we delve into the depths of this unexpected association, one cannot help but marvel at the irony – the land of borscht and the land of bureaucracy, their destinies intertwined in a statistical embrace. It is an unlikely pairing akin to discovering a solar panel on the roof of an old, stately law firm, both seemingly out of place yet finding a peculiar harmony.
With the stage thus set, we invite the reader to join us in unraveling this mystery, where sunshine and statutes dance an intricate tango. As we proceed with earnest sobriety, let us not lose sight of the flicker of amusement that dances at the periphery of this scholarly endeavor. After all, what could be more illuminating than the unexpected humor that surfaces in the pursuit of knowledge?

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data revealed a substantial and statistically significant correlation between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9597551, with an r-squared value of 0.9211299, indicating that approximately 92% of the variability in the number of lawyers in Washington can be explained by the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine. The p-value of less than 0.01 further strengthens the evidence supporting this robust correlation.
Figure 1 depicts a scatterplot illustrating the remarkably strong positive relationship between these two variables. The data points cluster tightly around a clear upward trend, demonstrating the pronounced association between solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington.
This unexpected correlation challenges conventional wisdom and prompts us to contemplate the potential mechanisms underlying this intriguing relationship. While our analysis stops short of establishing causation, the implications of this connection between solar power and the legal profession are certainly thought-provoking. The juxtaposition of the "solar might" of Ukraine and the "legal flight" in Washington paints a compelling picture of interconnectedness that extends beyond the boundaries of traditional disciplinary domains.
As we ponder the implications of this unlikely correlation, we recognize the need for further research to disentangle the complex web of factors at play. The synergy between renewable energy and legal representation may just be the tip of the iceberg in uncovering the intricate interplay between seemingly unrelated domains. Our findings not only invite scholarly inquiry into this captivating association but also serve as a vivid reminder of the unexpected delights that empirical exploration can reveal.
The results of this analysis underscore the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to shed light on the underlying forces at work. While the legal and solar landscapes may appear distant at first glance, our findings beckon us to consider the possibility of a deeper, more luminous connection. The implications of this study extend far beyond the realms of Ukraine and Washington, challenging us to reconsider the intricate dance of variables that shape our world.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our investigation into the correlation between solar power generation in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington has illuminated a surprising and delightful connection. The robust correlation coefficient of 0.9597551 and the p-value of less than 0.01 serve as a shining beacon of evidence, guiding us through the unexpected embrace of these seemingly disparate variables. It seems that the sun's rays are not only powering solar panels but also casting a long shadow over the legal landscape of Washington.

While the causal mechanisms underlying this correlation remain as enigmatic as a legal loophole, our analysis underscores the need for further inquiry into the intertwined destinies of renewable energy and legal representation. Who knew that the land of borscht could have such a profound influence on the legal flight in the bureaucratic labyrinth of Washington? It's as though Ukraine's solar might is embarking on a transcontinental legal journey, leveraging its influence across the seas.

The findings of this study not only spark curiosity but also serve as a whimsical reminder that beneath the facade of statistical analysis lies the potential for unexpected narratives and the quirky interplay of seemingly unrelated domains. It is as if the data itself is a wry storyteller, weaving a tale of solar rays and legal counsel in a narrative that challenges preconceived notions and tickles the scholarly imagination.

Indeed, the implications of our research are as potent as an unexpected punchline, leaving the audience pondering the deeper ramifications long after the initial chuckle has subsided. Our findings shed light on the potential transformative effects of solar energy on legal ecosystems, prompting us to consider the possibility of an interconnectedness that extends beyond the boundaries of traditional disciplinary domains.

Given the striking nature of this discovery, we assert that further research in this area is unnecessary. After all, why continue to probe the solar-legal relationship when we have already been illuminated by such a radiant revelation?

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Radiant Energy and Legal Ramifications

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Solar Energy and Legal Studies Consortium

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight with an abstract of This research paper investigates the intriguing and unlikely relationship between the amount of solar power generated in Ukraine and the number of lawyers in Washington. While at first glance, these two variables may seem completely unrelated, our data analysis has revealed a surprisingly strong connection. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the years 2010 to 2021, we calculated a correlation coefficient of 0.9597551 and p < 0.01, indicating a remarkable correlation between these two seemingly disparate factors.
The findings of this study not only shed light on the potential influence of solar power generation on the legal profession, but also raise questions about the underlying mechanisms driving this unexpected association. Although correlation does not equate to causation, the implications of this research are illuminating, to say the least. Our investigation not only leaves us pondering the "solar might" of Ukraine, but also the impact it seems to have on the "legal flight" in Washington. The results underscore the need for further interdisciplinary inquiry to illuminate the underlying factors contributing to this unlikely correlation and, dare we say, "shine a light" on the potential transformative effects of solar energy on legal ecosystems.

ChatGPT:

solar power generation, Ukraine, lawyers in Washington, correlation, Energy Information Administration, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010-2021, interdisciplinary inquiry, solar energy, legal profession, data analysis, transformative effects

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

Solar power generated in Ukraine
Detailed data title: Total solar power generated in Ukraine in billion kWh
Source: Energy Information Administration
See what else correlates with Solar power generated in Ukraine

The number of lawyers in Washington
Detailed data title: BLS estimate of lawyers in Washington
Source: Bureau of Larbor Statistics
See what else correlates with The number of lawyers in Washington

Correlation r = 0.9597551 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.9211299 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 92.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., The number of lawyers in Washington) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Solar power generated in Ukraine) over the 12 years from 2010 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 7.8E-7.^Show 0.0000007770492675076343000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.96 in 7.8E-5% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 1,286,920 random variables^Note You don't actually need 1 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 11 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 11 because we have two variables measured over a period of 12 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.86, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Solar power generated in Ukraine (Billion kWh)	0.001	0.03	0.333	0.57	0.429	0.477	0.491	0.739	1.099	2.933	5.969	2.596
The number of lawyers in Washington (Lawyers)	9870	10450	10400	11010	10690	10870	10760	10540	11000	11910	13030	11620

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Confounding variable: 2020 is particularly different from the other years on this graph. Confounding variables (like global pandemics) will cause two variables to look connected when in fact a "sneaky third" variable is influencing both of them behind the scenes.
Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. ^Note Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([0.001,0.03,0.333,0.57,0.429,0.477,0.491,0.739,1.099,2.933,5.969,2.596,])
array_2 = np.array([9870,10450,10400,11010,10690,10870,10760,10540,11000,11910,13030,11620,])
array_1_name = "Solar power generated in Ukraine"
array_2_name = "The number of lawyers in Washington"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Solar power generated in Ukraine
Line chart for only The number of lawyers in Washington
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Bright Light Delight: Solar Might and Legal Flight - A Correlational Delight

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Correlation ID: 1876 · Black Variable ID: 24062 · Red Variable ID: 15666


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