Spurious correlation #1,695 · View random
A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and the second variable is UFO sightings in Wyoming. The chart goes from 1975 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and the second variable is UFO sightings in Wyoming. The chart goes from 1975 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time.

Download png, svg

AI explanation

As the point margin of the Formula One World Drivers' Champion increases, their level of confidence and skill on the race track also increases. This heightened level of skill and confidence somehow generates a ripple effect that amplifies the Earth's electromagnetic field, creating a temporary interdimensional wormhole above Wyoming. This wormhole serves as a popular interstellar highway for extraterrestrial tourists, leading to an increase in UFO sightings in the area. Who would have thought that F1 racing could have such otherworldly implications?

^{Show image generation prompt} Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a Formula One world champion celebrating on the podium, with the second and third-place drivers standing beside them. The space between each driver symbolizes the point margin of the championship. In the background, include a vast, open Wyoming landscape with a dark, starry sky. In the distance, depict a mysterious, glowing UFO silently hovering above the rugged terrain. Capture the contrast between the joyous victory celebration and the enigmatic presence of the unidentified object, creating a visually captivating scene that combines the excitement of sports with the intrigue of a UFO sighting. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.

This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s Minimalism Art nouveau A Discovery magazine cover image Cyberpunk
ChatGPT: A Discovery magazine cover image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: A Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin is represented by a podium ceremony with the champion standing atop the podium, with the second and third place drivers by his side. The point margin is symbolically shown as the distance between each driver on the podium. In the same scene, a UFO sighting in Wyoming is depicted by a vast open landscape with a dark, starry sky. In the distance, a mysterious, glowing object hovers silently above the rugged Wyoming terrain.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A Discovery magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: A Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin is represented by a podium ceremony with the champion standing atop the podium, with the second and third place drivers by his side. The point margin is symbolically shown as the distance between each driver on the podium. In the same scene, a UFO sighting in Wyoming is depicted by a vast open landscape with a dark, starry sky. In the distance, a mysterious, glowing object hovers silently above the rugged Wyoming terrain. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a Formula One world champion celebrating on the podium, with the second and third-place drivers standing beside them. The space between each driver symbolizes the point margin of the championship. In the background, include a vast, open Wyoming landscape with a dark, starry sky. In the distance, depict a mysterious, glowing UFO silently hovering above the rugged terrain. Capture the contrast between the joyous victory celebration and the enigmatic presence of the unidentified object, creating a visually captivating scene that combines the excitement of sports with the intrigue of a UFO sighting.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
^{Show prompt for explanation} Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how increases in Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin positively influenced UFO sightings in Wyoming.\Make it sound serious until the end.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)

Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming

The Journal of Extraterrestrial Motorsports and Anomalies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!

^{Show prompt used to generate this paper} Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a couple popular internet memes that are related to one of the topics.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study empirically examines the puzzling association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming. Leveraging data compiled from Wikipedia's comprehensive records of World Drivers' Champions' point differentials and the National UFO Reporting Center's database of reported sightings in Wyoming, a correlational analysis was conducted for the years 1975 through 2021. The results yielded a statistically significant correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 (p < 0.01), suggesting a discernible relationship between the two variables that warrants further investigation. Through a multivariate analysis, we also investigated potential confounding factors such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, and local tourism patterns. The findings pose intriguing questions about the underlying mechanisms linking the world of high-octane racing to unexplained phenomena in the skies of the Cowboy State, opening fertile ground for further interdisciplinary exploration and raising intriguing implications for both the fields of astrophysics and motorsports.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The curious relationship between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point differentials and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming has long perplexed researchers and enthusiasts alike. At first glance, one might dismiss such a correlation as mere happenstance or as statistically insignificant noise in the data. However, the striking findings of our study suggest that there may indeed be more than meets the eye – or the telescope, for that matter. While it is customary to expect earthly factors to influence championship outcomes and extraterrestrial activity to remain aloof, our investigation has unearthed a connection that defies conventional wisdom and challenges the boundaries of our understanding of both motorsport statistics and cosmic phenomena.
The sport of Formula One racing has historically been associated with exhilarating speed, cutting-edge technology, and a fervent global fanbase. In contrast, UFO sightings conjure images of enigmatic lights dancing across the night sky, leaving puzzled witnesses in their wake. The juxtaposition of these seemingly disparate realms forms the backdrop against which we set out to probe the enigmatic bond that has emerged from our analysis. Could it be that the thrill of high-speed competition on the racetrack resonates with celestial beings in the remote corners of Wyoming? Or might there be an underlying cosmic force at play, exerting its gravitational pull on both the outcome of motorsport championships and the frequency of unexplained sightings? These are the questions that propelled our inquiry, infused with equal parts scientific curiosity and a touch of whimsy.
As we embark on this research journey, it is crucial to underscore the gravitas of our findings. The statistically significant correlation coefficient that emerged from our analysis hints at a relationship that demands sober attention, even as it compels one to look skyward with a twinge of wonder. Furthermore, the study does not discount the potential influence of extraneous variables such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, or the possibility of tourists mistaking earthly spectacles for interstellar incursions. In acknowledging these complexities, we underline the need for a cautious interpretation of our results, even as we nudge the door ajar to the captivating prospect of a cosmic underpinning to the dynamics of high-performance racing.
Within the annals of empirical research, this study marks a departure from the ordinary, beckoning researchers to extend their gaze beyond the terrestrial and into the mysteries of the cosmos. In doing so, we hope to ignite fresh dialogue among astrophysicists, statisticians, and motorsport enthusiasts, ushering in an era of interdisciplinary collaboration that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. With each turn of the statistician's wheel and each enigmatic blip on the astrophysicist's radar, we inch closer to unraveling the cosmic code that binds championship point differentials to the unexplained sightings that grace Wyoming's celestial canvas.
In light of these revelations, it is with equal parts scientific rigor and a hint of wonder that we invite the reader to embark on this voyage of discovery, traversing the intersecting orbits of motorsport statistics and celestial marvels. Our findings promise to propel scholarly inquiry to new heights, and perhaps, to plunge the depths of the cosmos with a nod to the speed and the spirit of the Grand Prix.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

Several prior studies have delved into the enigmatic relationship between seemingly unrelated phenomena, paving the way for our exploratory investigation at the intersection of Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point differentials and UFO sightings in Wyoming. Smith et al. (2017) investigated the potential linkage between high-stakes athletic competitions and extraterrestrial interventions, positing a novel framework to examine the unanticipated confluence of human achievement and celestial uncertainties. Doe and Jones (2015) conducted a comprehensive analysis of anomalous correlation patterns, striking a chord with our own pursuit to unravel the mysterious bond that transcends the boundaries of empirical explanation.

Turning to the broader field of psychospatial confluences, "The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry" by Hynek (1973) provides invaluable insights into the human psyche's engagement with otherworldly encounters, shedding light on the contextual intricacies that underpin the perception and interpretation of unexplained aerial activities. The astute observations offered by Hynek set the stage for a nuanced understanding of the nuanced interplay between human perception and the cosmic unknown, a dynamic which may intersect with the gripping world of Formula One racing.

On a more speculative note, "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" by Adams (1979) beckons readers to contemplate the boundless possibilities of the universe, infusing a touch of interstellar whimsy into our quest to decipher the peculiar association between motorsport prowess and extraterrestrial visitations. In a similar vein, the literary work "Contact" by Sagan (1985) conjures captivating scenarios of cosmic encounters, inviting us to ponder whether the allure of otherworldly communication may extend to the realms of high-speed competition, potentially manifesting in UFO sightings against the backdrop of Wyoming's serene skies.

In the realm of popular culture, the internet meme "Aliens Guy" humorously encapsulates the zeitgeist of contemplating the inexplicable, serving as a lighthearted nod to the persistent allure of extraterrestrial phenomena and their convergence with human endeavors. The ubiquitous presence of such culturally pervasive themes underscores the enduring fascination with the mystical and the unknown, beckoning us to entertain the prospect of an unseen cosmic force that weaves the tapestry of championship point differentials and celestial sightings.

These diverse strands of inquiry converge to inspire our pursuit of untangling the intricate threads linking the domains of Formula One racing and UFO sightings in Wyoming, providing a rich and tantalizing backdrop against which our empirical analysis unfolds.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Wikipedia and National UFO Reporting Center . You used data from 1975 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study empirically examines the puzzling association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming. Leveraging data compiled from Wikipedia's comprehensive records of World Drivers' Champions' point differentials and the National UFO Reporting Center's database of reported sightings in Wyoming, a correlational analysis was conducted for the years 1975 through 2021. The results yielded a statistically significant correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 (p < 0.01), suggesting a discernible relationship between the two variables that warrants further investigation. Through a multivariate analysis, we also investigated potential confounding factors such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, and local tourism patterns. The findings pose intriguing questions about the underlying mechanisms linking the world of high-octane racing to unexplained phenomena in the skies of the Cowboy State, opening fertile ground for further interdisciplinary exploration and raising intriguing implications for both the fields of astrophysics and motorsports.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The curious relationship between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point differentials and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming has long perplexed researchers and enthusiasts alike. At first glance, one might dismiss such a correlation as mere happenstance or as statistically insignificant noise in the data. However, the striking findings of our study suggest that there may indeed be more than meets the eye – or the telescope, for that matter. While it is customary to expect earthly factors to influence championship outcomes and extraterrestrial activity to remain aloof, our investigation has unearthed a connection that defies conventional wisdom and challenges the boundaries of our understanding of both motorsport statistics and cosmic phenomena.
The sport of Formula One racing has historically been associated with exhilarating speed, cutting-edge technology, and a fervent global fanbase. In contrast, UFO sightings conjure images of enigmatic lights dancing across the night sky, leaving puzzled witnesses in their wake. The juxtaposition of these seemingly disparate realms forms the backdrop against which we set out to probe the enigmatic bond that has emerged from our analysis. Could it be that the thrill of high-speed competition on the racetrack resonates with celestial beings in the remote corners of Wyoming? Or might there be an underlying cosmic force at play, exerting its gravitational pull on both the outcome of motorsport championships and the frequency of unexplained sightings? These are the questions that propelled our inquiry, infused with equal parts scientific curiosity and a touch of whimsy.
As we embark on this research journey, it is crucial to underscore the gravitas of our findings. The statistically significant correlation coefficient that emerged from our analysis hints at a relationship that demands sober attention, even as it compels one to look skyward with a twinge of wonder. Furthermore, the study does not discount the potential influence of extraneous variables such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, or the possibility of tourists mistaking earthly spectacles for interstellar incursions. In acknowledging these complexities, we underline the need for a cautious interpretation of our results, even as we nudge the door ajar to the captivating prospect of a cosmic underpinning to the dynamics of high-performance racing.
Within the annals of empirical research, this study marks a departure from the ordinary, beckoning researchers to extend their gaze beyond the terrestrial and into the mysteries of the cosmos. In doing so, we hope to ignite fresh dialogue among astrophysicists, statisticians, and motorsport enthusiasts, ushering in an era of interdisciplinary collaboration that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. With each turn of the statistician's wheel and each enigmatic blip on the astrophysicist's radar, we inch closer to unraveling the cosmic code that binds championship point differentials to the unexplained sightings that grace Wyoming's celestial canvas.
In light of these revelations, it is with equal parts scientific rigor and a hint of wonder that we invite the reader to embark on this voyage of discovery, traversing the intersecting orbits of motorsport statistics and celestial marvels. Our findings promise to propel scholarly inquiry to new heights, and perhaps, to plunge the depths of the cosmos with a nod to the speed and the spirit of the Grand Prix.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Data Collection:
The research team embarked on a quest to gather and wrangle data from diverse sources, navigating the digital cosmos with both precision and panache. Leveraging the wealth of information available on the World Wide Web, our intrepid crusade led us to the hallowed archives of Wikipedia, which boasted a treasure trove of Formula One World Drivers' Championship records. The point differentials of champions from 1975 to 2021 were carefully transcribed and validated to ensure the integrity of our dataset.

In parallel, our foray into the enigmatic realm of UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming called for a different set of navigational skills. Meandering through the electronic corridors of the National UFO Reporting Center's database, we sifted through countless sightings reported by vigilant observers. While the veracity of these accounts remains a subject of debate, our commitment to inclusivity led us to incorporate this celestial tapestry of reports into our analysis.

Statistical Analysis:
The nexus of motorsport statistics and cosmic enigmas demanded a methodological approach as dynamic as the phenomenon under scrutiny. Employing a correlational analysis, we delved into the depths of the data, seeking patterns that might elude the untrained eye. The Spearman correlation coefficient emerged as the lodestar guiding our exploration, revealing a statistically significant association between the point differentials of World Drivers' Champions and the frequency of UFO sightings in Wyoming (r = 0.6690522, p < 0.01).

Furthermore, a multivariate analysis beckoned, beckoning forth the spirits of confounding factors known and unknown. Atmospheric conditions, celestial events, and the ebb and flow of tourism in the Cowboy State were among the variables summoned to this statistical symphony. By subjecting the data to the meticulous scrutiny of multiple regression models, we endeavored to untangle the intricate web of influences shaping the manifestation of this unearthly connection.

Limitations and Caveats:
As with any intrepid endeavor, our odyssey through the astral realms of motorsport and UFO sightings was not without its nebulous patches. The reliance on publicly available records and reported sightings introduces the specter of potential inaccuracies and omissions. Moreover, the possibility of spurious correlations lurking in the vast expanse of data cannot be entirely exorcised from our findings.

Additionally, our inquiry was circumscribed by the nature of observational data, precluding the attribution of causality to the detected association. While the correlation tantalizingly dangles before us, the mechanistic underpinnings remain shrouded in cosmic mist, prompting a call for cautious interpretation and restrained exuberance.

Moreover, the inherent limitations of our dataset preclude a comprehensive consideration of all conceivable confounding factors. The cosmic ballet of influences at play in the link between motorsport achievements and otherworldly sightings might yet elude our finite grasp, beckoning future explorers to delve deeper into this celestial conundrum.

Notwithstanding these judiciously articulated limitations, the findings of this study serve as a point of departure for further inquisitive forays into the interplay of championship point margins and unexplained phenomena. The cautious embrace of anomalous correlations and the fervent pursuit of scientific enigma lay the groundwork for an era of scholarly pursuit that we hope will ignite the constellations of future research endeavors.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Wikipedia and National UFO Reporting Center .

For the time period 1975 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.6690522, r-squared of 0.4476308, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study empirically examines the puzzling association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming. Leveraging data compiled from Wikipedia's comprehensive records of World Drivers' Champions' point differentials and the National UFO Reporting Center's database of reported sightings in Wyoming, a correlational analysis was conducted for the years 1975 through 2021. The results yielded a statistically significant correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 (p < 0.01), suggesting a discernible relationship between the two variables that warrants further investigation. Through a multivariate analysis, we also investigated potential confounding factors such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, and local tourism patterns. The findings pose intriguing questions about the underlying mechanisms linking the world of high-octane racing to unexplained phenomena in the skies of the Cowboy State, opening fertile ground for further interdisciplinary exploration and raising intriguing implications for both the fields of astrophysics and motorsports.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The curious relationship between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point differentials and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming has long perplexed researchers and enthusiasts alike. At first glance, one might dismiss such a correlation as mere happenstance or as statistically insignificant noise in the data. However, the striking findings of our study suggest that there may indeed be more than meets the eye – or the telescope, for that matter. While it is customary to expect earthly factors to influence championship outcomes and extraterrestrial activity to remain aloof, our investigation has unearthed a connection that defies conventional wisdom and challenges the boundaries of our understanding of both motorsport statistics and cosmic phenomena.
The sport of Formula One racing has historically been associated with exhilarating speed, cutting-edge technology, and a fervent global fanbase. In contrast, UFO sightings conjure images of enigmatic lights dancing across the night sky, leaving puzzled witnesses in their wake. The juxtaposition of these seemingly disparate realms forms the backdrop against which we set out to probe the enigmatic bond that has emerged from our analysis. Could it be that the thrill of high-speed competition on the racetrack resonates with celestial beings in the remote corners of Wyoming? Or might there be an underlying cosmic force at play, exerting its gravitational pull on both the outcome of motorsport championships and the frequency of unexplained sightings? These are the questions that propelled our inquiry, infused with equal parts scientific curiosity and a touch of whimsy.
As we embark on this research journey, it is crucial to underscore the gravitas of our findings. The statistically significant correlation coefficient that emerged from our analysis hints at a relationship that demands sober attention, even as it compels one to look skyward with a twinge of wonder. Furthermore, the study does not discount the potential influence of extraneous variables such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, or the possibility of tourists mistaking earthly spectacles for interstellar incursions. In acknowledging these complexities, we underline the need for a cautious interpretation of our results, even as we nudge the door ajar to the captivating prospect of a cosmic underpinning to the dynamics of high-performance racing.
Within the annals of empirical research, this study marks a departure from the ordinary, beckoning researchers to extend their gaze beyond the terrestrial and into the mysteries of the cosmos. In doing so, we hope to ignite fresh dialogue among astrophysicists, statisticians, and motorsport enthusiasts, ushering in an era of interdisciplinary collaboration that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. With each turn of the statistician's wheel and each enigmatic blip on the astrophysicist's radar, we inch closer to unraveling the cosmic code that binds championship point differentials to the unexplained sightings that grace Wyoming's celestial canvas.
In light of these revelations, it is with equal parts scientific rigor and a hint of wonder that we invite the reader to embark on this voyage of discovery, traversing the intersecting orbits of motorsport statistics and celestial marvels. Our findings promise to propel scholarly inquiry to new heights, and perhaps, to plunge the depths of the cosmos with a nod to the speed and the spirit of the Grand Prix.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]

ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The results of the correlational analysis revealed a significant and somewhat surprising association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. The correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 indicated a moderately strong positive relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. This finding was further supported by an r-squared value of 0.4476308, suggesting that approximately 44.76% of the variation in UFO sightings in Wyoming could be explained by the point differentials of World Drivers' Champions. The p-value of less than 0.01 underscored the statistical significance of this relationship, compelling us to take this unearthly connection seriously, even though it may seem to defy earthly logic.

The scatterplot (Fig. 1), which will be provided separately, vividly portrays the robust correlation between the two variables. As the point differentials of World Drivers' Champions increase, so too do the reported UFO sightings in Wyoming, painting a picture that challenges traditional notions of cause and effect and launches us into the stratosphere of unconventional research findings.

These results fuel speculation about the possible mechanisms underlying this peculiar bond. Could it be that the roar of powerful engines and the thrill of victory in Formula One racing reverberate through the cosmos, catching the attention of extraterrestrial spectators? Or might there be a more down-to-earth explanation, such as tourists confusing high-speed cars for unidentified flying objects? These are questions that beg for further scrutiny, inviting us to contemplate the mysteries that unfold at the intersection of motorsport triumph and otherworldly apparitions.

The statistical robustness of the correlation, combined with the sheer peculiarity of its implications, beckons for an expanded scope of inquiry and raises the tantalizing prospect of interdisciplinary collaboration between the fields of ufology and motorsport analytics. Such non-traditional convergence promises to steer research into uncharted territories, blending the rigor of statistical analysis with the intrigue of cosmic enigmas.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study empirically examines the puzzling association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming. Leveraging data compiled from Wikipedia's comprehensive records of World Drivers' Champions' point differentials and the National UFO Reporting Center's database of reported sightings in Wyoming, a correlational analysis was conducted for the years 1975 through 2021. The results yielded a statistically significant correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 (p < 0.01), suggesting a discernible relationship between the two variables that warrants further investigation. Through a multivariate analysis, we also investigated potential confounding factors such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, and local tourism patterns. The findings pose intriguing questions about the underlying mechanisms linking the world of high-octane racing to unexplained phenomena in the skies of the Cowboy State, opening fertile ground for further interdisciplinary exploration and raising intriguing implications for both the fields of astrophysics and motorsports.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Several prior studies have delved into the enigmatic relationship between seemingly unrelated phenomena, paving the way for our exploratory investigation at the intersection of Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point differentials and UFO sightings in Wyoming. Smith et al. (2017) investigated the potential linkage between high-stakes athletic competitions and extraterrestrial interventions, positing a novel framework to examine the unanticipated confluence of human achievement and celestial uncertainties. Doe and Jones (2015) conducted a comprehensive analysis of anomalous correlation patterns, striking a chord with our own pursuit to unravel the mysterious bond that transcends the boundaries of empirical explanation.
Turning to the broader field of psychospatial confluences, "The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry" by Hynek (1973) provides invaluable insights into the human psyche's engagement with otherworldly encounters, shedding light on the contextual intricacies that underpin the perception and interpretation of unexplained aerial activities. The astute observations offered by Hynek set the stage for a nuanced understanding of the nuanced interplay between human perception and the cosmic unknown, a dynamic which may intersect with the gripping world of Formula One racing.
On a more speculative note, "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" by Adams (1979) beckons readers to contemplate the boundless possibilities of the universe, infusing a touch of interstellar whimsy into our quest to decipher the peculiar association between motorsport prowess and extraterrestrial visitations. In a similar vein, the literary work "Contact" by Sagan (1985) conjures captivating scenarios of cosmic encounters, inviting us to ponder whether the allure of otherworldly communication may extend to the realms of high-speed competition, potentially manifesting in UFO sightings against the backdrop of Wyoming's serene skies.
In the realm of popular culture, the internet meme "Aliens Guy" humorously encapsulates the zeitgeist of contemplating the inexplicable, serving as a lighthearted nod to the persistent allure of extraterrestrial phenomena and their convergence with human endeavors. The ubiquitous presence of such culturally pervasive themes underscores the enduring fascination with the mystical and the unknown, beckoning us to entertain the prospect of an unseen cosmic force that weaves the tapestry of championship point differentials and celestial sightings.
These diverse strands of inquiry converge to inspire our pursuit of untangling the intricate threads linking the domains of Formula One racing and UFO sightings in Wyoming, providing a rich and tantalizing backdrop against which our empirical analysis unfolds.

[[RESULTS]]
The results of the correlational analysis revealed a significant and somewhat surprising association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. The correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 indicated a moderately strong positive relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. This finding was further supported by an r-squared value of 0.4476308, suggesting that approximately 44.76% of the variation in UFO sightings in Wyoming could be explained by the point differentials of World Drivers' Champions. The p-value of less than 0.01 underscored the statistical significance of this relationship, compelling us to take this unearthly connection seriously, even though it may seem to defy earthly logic.
The scatterplot (Fig. 1), which will be provided separately, vividly portrays the robust correlation between the two variables. As the point differentials of World Drivers' Champions increase, so too do the reported UFO sightings in Wyoming, painting a picture that challenges traditional notions of cause and effect and launches us into the stratosphere of unconventional research findings.
These results fuel speculation about the possible mechanisms underlying this peculiar bond. Could it be that the roar of powerful engines and the thrill of victory in Formula One racing reverberate through the cosmos, catching the attention of extraterrestrial spectators? Or might there be a more down-to-earth explanation, such as tourists confusing high-speed cars for unidentified flying objects? These are questions that beg for further scrutiny, inviting us to contemplate the mysteries that unfold at the intersection of motorsport triumph and otherworldly apparitions.
The statistical robustness of the correlation, combined with the sheer peculiarity of its implications, beckons for an expanded scope of inquiry and raises the tantalizing prospect of interdisciplinary collaboration between the fields of ufology and motorsport analytics. Such non-traditional convergence promises to steer research into uncharted territories, blending the rigor of statistical analysis with the intrigue of cosmic enigmas.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of this study have uncovered a statistically significant correlation between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming, providing an undoubtedly intriguing avenue for future investigation. The substantial correlation coefficient of 0.6690522, which was found to be statistically significant at the p < 0.01 level, lends support to the prior research conducted by Smith et al. (2017) and Doe and Jones (2015), who hinted at the potential interconnectedness between extraordinary athletic achievements and inexplicable extraterrestrial visitations. Furthermore, this finding echoes the offbeat insights of Adams (1979) and Sagan (1985), elevating the discussion beyond the confines of empirical data and into the realms of cosmic contemplation.

The postulated confounding factors, such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, and local tourism patterns, were robustly examined in a multivariate analysis, which revealed that the observed correlation between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming withstood the statistical control of these variables. This underscores the resilience of the unearthly connection, indicating that it is not solely driven by environmental or tourist-related influences, but rather hints at a deeper underlying mechanism that beckons for further exploration.

The results of this study also evoke questions about the potential causative mechanisms underpinning this unforeseen relationship. Could it be that the adrenaline-fueled fervor of high-speed racing stimulates extraterrestrial curiosity, leading to an increased frequency of UFO sightings in Wyoming, or is the correlation driven by the quirk of human perception, with spectators mistaking F1 cars for celestial visitors? The postulated explanations open the door to a whimsical array of possibilities, transcending the boundaries of conventional empirical inquiry and prompting us to ponder the profound interplay between human achievement and cosmic conundrums.

While the findings of this study hold promise for expanding the frontiers of interdisciplinary exploration, they also serve as a gentle reminder of the enthralling unpredictability that lies at the heart of scientific inquiry. As we navigate the uncharted territories of statistical analysis and cosmic speculation, it is imperative to embrace the unexpected, and perhaps even the whimsical, with an open mind.

The robustness of the correlation between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming challenges preconceived notions and expands the scope of inquiry, inviting future collaborative endeavors that blend the rigor of statistical analytics with the enigmatic allure of otherworldly phenomena. This unanticipated linkage urges researchers to step beyond the commonplace and delve into the unexplored domains of ufology and motorsport analytics, offering a humorous yet profound reminder of the captivating enigma that permeates the fabric of scientific discovery.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This study empirically examines the puzzling association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming. Leveraging data compiled from Wikipedia's comprehensive records of World Drivers' Champions' point differentials and the National UFO Reporting Center's database of reported sightings in Wyoming, a correlational analysis was conducted for the years 1975 through 2021. The results yielded a statistically significant correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 (p < 0.01), suggesting a discernible relationship between the two variables that warrants further investigation. Through a multivariate analysis, we also investigated potential confounding factors such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, and local tourism patterns. The findings pose intriguing questions about the underlying mechanisms linking the world of high-octane racing to unexplained phenomena in the skies of the Cowboy State, opening fertile ground for further interdisciplinary exploration and raising intriguing implications for both the fields of astrophysics and motorsports.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The curious relationship between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point differentials and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming has long perplexed researchers and enthusiasts alike. At first glance, one might dismiss such a correlation as mere happenstance or as statistically insignificant noise in the data. However, the striking findings of our study suggest that there may indeed be more than meets the eye – or the telescope, for that matter. While it is customary to expect earthly factors to influence championship outcomes and extraterrestrial activity to remain aloof, our investigation has unearthed a connection that defies conventional wisdom and challenges the boundaries of our understanding of both motorsport statistics and cosmic phenomena.
The sport of Formula One racing has historically been associated with exhilarating speed, cutting-edge technology, and a fervent global fanbase. In contrast, UFO sightings conjure images of enigmatic lights dancing across the night sky, leaving puzzled witnesses in their wake. The juxtaposition of these seemingly disparate realms forms the backdrop against which we set out to probe the enigmatic bond that has emerged from our analysis. Could it be that the thrill of high-speed competition on the racetrack resonates with celestial beings in the remote corners of Wyoming? Or might there be an underlying cosmic force at play, exerting its gravitational pull on both the outcome of motorsport championships and the frequency of unexplained sightings? These are the questions that propelled our inquiry, infused with equal parts scientific curiosity and a touch of whimsy.
As we embark on this research journey, it is crucial to underscore the gravitas of our findings. The statistically significant correlation coefficient that emerged from our analysis hints at a relationship that demands sober attention, even as it compels one to look skyward with a twinge of wonder. Furthermore, the study does not discount the potential influence of extraneous variables such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, or the possibility of tourists mistaking earthly spectacles for interstellar incursions. In acknowledging these complexities, we underline the need for a cautious interpretation of our results, even as we nudge the door ajar to the captivating prospect of a cosmic underpinning to the dynamics of high-performance racing.
Within the annals of empirical research, this study marks a departure from the ordinary, beckoning researchers to extend their gaze beyond the terrestrial and into the mysteries of the cosmos. In doing so, we hope to ignite fresh dialogue among astrophysicists, statisticians, and motorsport enthusiasts, ushering in an era of interdisciplinary collaboration that transcends traditional disciplinary boundaries. With each turn of the statistician's wheel and each enigmatic blip on the astrophysicist's radar, we inch closer to unraveling the cosmic code that binds championship point differentials to the unexplained sightings that grace Wyoming's celestial canvas.
In light of these revelations, it is with equal parts scientific rigor and a hint of wonder that we invite the reader to embark on this voyage of discovery, traversing the intersecting orbits of motorsport statistics and celestial marvels. Our findings promise to propel scholarly inquiry to new heights, and perhaps, to plunge the depths of the cosmos with a nod to the speed and the spirit of the Grand Prix.

[[RESULTS]]
The results of the correlational analysis revealed a significant and somewhat surprising association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in Wyoming. The correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 indicated a moderately strong positive relationship between these two seemingly unrelated variables. This finding was further supported by an r-squared value of 0.4476308, suggesting that approximately 44.76% of the variation in UFO sightings in Wyoming could be explained by the point differentials of World Drivers' Champions. The p-value of less than 0.01 underscored the statistical significance of this relationship, compelling us to take this unearthly connection seriously, even though it may seem to defy earthly logic.
The scatterplot (Fig. 1), which will be provided separately, vividly portrays the robust correlation between the two variables. As the point differentials of World Drivers' Champions increase, so too do the reported UFO sightings in Wyoming, painting a picture that challenges traditional notions of cause and effect and launches us into the stratosphere of unconventional research findings.
These results fuel speculation about the possible mechanisms underlying this peculiar bond. Could it be that the roar of powerful engines and the thrill of victory in Formula One racing reverberate through the cosmos, catching the attention of extraterrestrial spectators? Or might there be a more down-to-earth explanation, such as tourists confusing high-speed cars for unidentified flying objects? These are questions that beg for further scrutiny, inviting us to contemplate the mysteries that unfold at the intersection of motorsport triumph and otherworldly apparitions.
The statistical robustness of the correlation, combined with the sheer peculiarity of its implications, beckons for an expanded scope of inquiry and raises the tantalizing prospect of interdisciplinary collaboration between the fields of ufology and motorsport analytics. Such non-traditional convergence promises to steer research into uncharted territories, blending the rigor of statistical analysis with the intrigue of cosmic enigmas.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]

ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our empirical investigation has unveiled an unexpected and statistically significant association between the point margin of the Formula One World Drivers' Champion and the frequency of UFO sightings in Wyoming. The robust correlation coefficient and the compelling r-squared value, though at first glance seemingly out of this world, demand serious consideration by researchers and enthusiasts alike. While the data have spoken, the underlying mechanisms driving this unearthly linkage remain shrouded in mystery, evoking both scholarly fascination and a touch of cosmic awe.

The implications of our findings reverberate through the stratosphere of empirical research, challenging conventional boundaries and beckoning us to explore the uncharted terrain of astral influences on motorsport dynamics. The juxtaposition of high-speed racing prowess and otherworldly incursions invites us to contemplate the cosmic dance between terrestrial achievements and celestial sightings, prompting whimsical musings about the interplay of earthly triumphs and unexplained sightings in the skies of Wyoming.

As our study propels the dialogue between motorsport statisticians and ufologists into uncharted territories, it uncovers a cosmos of possibilities for interdisciplinary collaboration. The statistical robustness of the relationship, underscored by the resounding p-value, leaves little room for skepticism, even as it injects a dash of cosmic intrigue into the realm of empirical inquiry.

Ultimately, our findings tantalize us with the prospect of peering into the celestial grandstands of Wyoming, where the cosmically curious eyes may turn their gaze toward the thrill of motorsport triumphs. As our research journey draws to a close, we are left with a celestial enigma that, while firmly rooted in empirical rigor, unveils a tapestry of mystery that transcends the confines of traditional statistical paradigms.

In light of these remarkable revelations, we assert with scholarly confidence and a touch of celestial whimsy that no further empirical scrutiny of this unearthly linkage is required. The cosmos have spoken, and the racing spirit echoes through Wyoming's celestial expanse in ways that elude earthly logic, leaving us to marvel at the cosmic dance between championship point differentials and UFO sightings.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Extraterrestrial Motorsports and Anomalies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The International Institute for Parapsychological Studies

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming with an abstract of This study empirically examines the puzzling association between the Formula One World Drivers' Champion's point margin and UFO sightings in the state of Wyoming. Leveraging data compiled from Wikipedia's comprehensive records of World Drivers' Champions' point differentials and the National UFO Reporting Center's database of reported sightings in Wyoming, a correlational analysis was conducted for the years 1975 through 2021. The results yielded a statistically significant correlation coefficient of 0.6690522 (p < 0.01), suggesting a discernible relationship between the two variables that warrants further investigation. Through a multivariate analysis, we also investigated potential confounding factors such as atmospheric conditions, celestial events, and local tourism patterns. The findings pose intriguing questions about the underlying mechanisms linking the world of high-octane racing to unexplained phenomena in the skies of the Cowboy State, opening fertile ground for further interdisciplinary exploration and raising intriguing implications for both the fields of astrophysics and motorsports.

ChatGPT:

Formula One World Drivers' Champion, point margin, UFO sightings, Wyoming, correlational analysis, Wikipedia, National UFO Reporting Center, statistical correlation, multivariate analysis, atmospheric conditions, celestial events, local tourism patterns, high-octane racing, unexplained phenomena, astrophysics, motorsports, interdisciplinary exploration

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.

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Data details

Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin

UFO sightings in Wyoming
Detailed data title: UFO sightings reported in Wyoming
Source: National UFO Reporting Center
See what else correlates with UFO sightings in Wyoming

Correlation r = 0.6690522 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r² = 0.4476308 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 44.8% of the change in the one variable (i.e., UFO sightings in Wyoming) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin) over the 47 years from 1975 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 2.7E-7.^Show 0.0000002734388524303298000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme.^Note More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.67 in 2.7E-5% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 3,657,125 random variables^Note You don't actually need 3 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 46 degrees of freedom, ^Note Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 46 because we have two variables measured over a period of 47 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.47, 0.8 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
^{Read more about the confidence interval} The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!

All values for the years included above: ^Note If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.

	1975	1976	1977	1978	1979	1980	1981	1982	1983	1984	1985	1986	1987	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin (Points)	19.5	1	17	13	4	13	1	5	2	0.5	20	2	12	3	16	7	24	52	26	1	33	19	39	14	2	19	58	67	2	34	21	13	1	1	11	4	122	3	155	67	59	5	46	88	87	124	8
UFO sightings in Wyoming (UFO sightings)	1	2	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	2	0	2	0	3	0	0	1	4	4	0	2	2	8	12	7	15	16	9	5	10	11	8	11	4	12	21	14	16	20	20	16	18	15	20	26	3

Why this works

Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
Lack of causal connection: There is probably^Note Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple^Note Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Confounding variable: 2020 is particularly different from the other years on this graph. Confounding variables (like global pandemics) will cause two variables to look connected when in fact a "sneaky third" variable is influencing both of them behind the scenes.

Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. ^{Show the steps to do this.} Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."

# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([19.5,1,17,13,4,13,1,5,2,0.5,20,2,12,3,16,7,24,52,26,1,33,19,39,14,2,19,58,67,2,34,21,13,1,1,11,4,122,3,155,67,59,5,46,88,87,124,8,])
array_2 = np.array([1,2,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,2,0,2,0,3,0,0,1,4,4,0,2,2,8,12,7,15,16,9,5,10,11,8,11,4,12,21,14,16,20,20,16,18,15,20,26,3,])
array_1_name = "Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin"
array_2_name = "UFO sightings in Wyoming"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)

Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. ^Note Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:

High resolution line chart ^Note The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.

If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.

Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape.
High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
Alternative high resolution line chart
Scatterplot
Portable line chart (png)
Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
Line chart for only Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin
Line chart for only UFO sightings in Wyoming
AI-generated correlation image
The spurious research paper: Driving Forces: The Unearthly Link Between Formula One World Drivers' Champion's Point Margin and UFO Sightings in Wyoming

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Correlation ID: 1695 · Black Variable ID: 103 · Red Variable ID: 1194


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