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AI explanation
As the name Ruby gained popularity, more parents were subtly influenced to choose eco-friendly baby products in shades of green, sparking a surprising demand for renewable energy sources like biomass power. This led to a domino effect in Hungary, where the sudden surge in green energy usage was affectionately dubbed "The Ruby Effect" by local environmentalists. It just go to show, when it comes to making a difference, every little Ruby counts!
Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a bustling Hungarian cityscape where a towering biomass power plant, named "Ruby," stands amidst golden wheat fields. The plant exudes sustainability and draws crowds of locals who gather to witness the generation of clean energy. The scene should capture the vibrancy of the city and the prominence of the Ruby power plant, signifying its growing popularity and impact on the community. The imagery should embody the spirit of innovation and environmental consciousness. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Hyper-realistic Cute cartoon A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s A Discovery magazine cover image Vaporwave
ChatGPT: A Discovery magazine cover image
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling city in Hungary, a biomass power plant named "Ruby" stands tall and proud, surrounded by fields of golden wheat. The name "Ruby" is emblazoned on the building, and people from all over the city gather to witness the sustainable energy being generated, making the name "Ruby" increasingly popular among the locals.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A Discovery magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling city in Hungary, a biomass power plant named "Ruby" stands tall and proud, surrounded by fields of golden wheat. The name "Ruby" is emblazoned on the building, and people from all over the city gather to witness the sustainable energy being generated, making the name "Ruby" increasingly popular among the locals. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a bustling Hungarian cityscape where a towering biomass power plant, named "Ruby," stands amidst golden wheat fields. The plant exudes sustainability and draws crowds of locals who gather to witness the generation of clean energy. The scene should capture the vibrancy of the city and the prominence of the Ruby power plant, signifying its growing popularity and impact on the community. The imagery should embody the spirit of innovation and environmental consciousness.
*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.
I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Popularity of the first name Ruby caused Biomass power generated in Hungary to increase. Make it feel plausible.
AI academic paper
 |
A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary The Journal of Whimsical Linguistics Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real! |
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, make it sound serious.
Your research team used data from US Social Security Administration and Energy Information Administration to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 and p < 0.01 for 1990 to 2021.
Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)
[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we set out to explore the intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Using meticulous data analysis encompassing the years 1990 to 2021, we employed information sourced from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration. The results revealed a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust association between the two variables. While the findings may initially appear whimsical, our study unearths a veritable gem of information and prompts further investigation into the curious confluence of nomenclature and energy generation. Our paper showcases the unpredictability and charm found within the realm of empirical research, lending credence to the adage that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we set out to explore the intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Using meticulous data analysis encompassing the years 1990 to 2021, we employed information sourced from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration. The results revealed a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust association between the two variables. While the findings may initially appear whimsical, our study unearths a veritable gem of information and prompts further investigation into the curious confluence of nomenclature and energy generation. Our paper showcases the unpredictability and charm found within the realm of empirical research, lending credence to the adage that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The interplay between nomenclature and societal phenomena has long piqued the interest of researchers across various disciplines. From the classic "Rose by any other name" paradox to the more contemporary "Apple" brand saga, there exists an intriguing synergy between names and cultural trends. In this vein, we turn our attention to the enigmatic connection between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the dynamic landscape of biomass power generation in Hungary.
The choice of name has historically been a reflection of cultural trends, personal preferences, and the enduring influence of popular figures. Similarly, the development of sustainable energy sources has garnered increased attention in recent decades, as the world grapples with the imperative of environmental conservation. Yet, the intersection of these two seemingly disparate entities may appear, at first glance, to be akin to comparing apples and oranges – or perhaps, more fittingly, rubies and wood chips.
The allure of the name Ruby, with its rich historical significance and connotations of vitality and preciousness, has been a perennial favorite among hopeful parents. Meanwhile, biomass power generation, characterized by the conversion of organic materials into renewable energy, embodies the essence of sustainable progress and innovation. The juxtaposition of these realms has thus captured the curiosity of empirically-minded scholars, prompting the present investigation into their potential correlation.
Through a meticulous examination of data spanning over three decades, this study endeavors to shed light on the enigmatic nexus between the aforementioned variables. By delving into the archives of the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration, we sought to elucidate the phenomenon that has hitherto remained concealed beneath the surface of conventional scientific inquiry. The subsequent revelations serve to dispel the notion that empirical research is a purely dreary affair, as we unravel a captivating tale of statistical intrigue and sociocultural resonance.
As we embark on this scholarly endeavor, we invite the reader to join us in navigating the labyrinth of unexpected correlations and improbable associations. While the amalgamation of a gemstone-inspired name and the utilitarian domain of biomass power may at first seem implausible, our findings promise to unravel a narrative that sparkles with both statistical significance and sociolinguistic fascination. In this endeavor, we embrace the captivating unpredictability that lies at the heart of empirical inquiry, reminding ourselves that in the realm of research, as in life, serendipity often holds the key to remarkable discoveries.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.
Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.
Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading the backs of shampoo bottles.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we set out to explore the intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Using meticulous data analysis encompassing the years 1990 to 2021, we employed information sourced from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration. The results revealed a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust association between the two variables. While the findings may initially appear whimsical, our study unearths a veritable gem of information and prompts further investigation into the curious confluence of nomenclature and energy generation. Our paper showcases the unpredictability and charm found within the realm of empirical research, lending credence to the adage that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.
-------
And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The interplay between nomenclature and societal phenomena has long piqued the interest of researchers across various disciplines. From the classic "Rose by any other name" paradox to the more contemporary "Apple" brand saga, there exists an intriguing synergy between names and cultural trends. In this vein, we turn our attention to the enigmatic connection between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the dynamic landscape of biomass power generation in Hungary.
The choice of name has historically been a reflection of cultural trends, personal preferences, and the enduring influence of popular figures. Similarly, the development of sustainable energy sources has garnered increased attention in recent decades, as the world grapples with the imperative of environmental conservation. Yet, the intersection of these two seemingly disparate entities may appear, at first glance, to be akin to comparing apples and oranges – or perhaps, more fittingly, rubies and wood chips.
The allure of the name Ruby, with its rich historical significance and connotations of vitality and preciousness, has been a perennial favorite among hopeful parents. Meanwhile, biomass power generation, characterized by the conversion of organic materials into renewable energy, embodies the essence of sustainable progress and innovation. The juxtaposition of these realms has thus captured the curiosity of empirically-minded scholars, prompting the present investigation into their potential correlation.
Through a meticulous examination of data spanning over three decades, this study endeavors to shed light on the enigmatic nexus between the aforementioned variables. By delving into the archives of the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration, we sought to elucidate the phenomenon that has hitherto remained concealed beneath the surface of conventional scientific inquiry. The subsequent revelations serve to dispel the notion that empirical research is a purely dreary affair, as we unravel a captivating tale of statistical intrigue and sociocultural resonance.
As we embark on this scholarly endeavor, we invite the reader to join us in navigating the labyrinth of unexpected correlations and improbable associations. While the amalgamation of a gemstone-inspired name and the utilitarian domain of biomass power may at first seem implausible, our findings promise to unravel a narrative that sparkles with both statistical significance and sociolinguistic fascination. In this endeavor, we embrace the captivating unpredictability that lies at the heart of empirical inquiry, reminding ourselves that in the realm of research, as in life, serendipity often holds the key to remarkable discoveries.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In their study "The Name Game: Exploring the Impact of Names on Societal Trends," Smith and Doe delve into the intricate relationship between nomenclature and cultural phenomena, offering profound insights into the subtle yet pervasive influence of names on various aspects of human behavior. Similarly, Jones’ research in "Naming Conventions: A Sociolinguistic Analysis" elucidates the multifaceted nature of names and their capacity to reflect and perpetuate societal trends and values. These seminal works lay the groundwork for our investigation into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary.
Expanding our review beyond traditional academic literature, we turn our attention to non-fictional works that have captivated readers with their exploration of sustainable energy sources and sociolinguistic phenomena. "Biomass for Renewable Energy, Fuels, and Chemicals" by Sherrard explores the practical applications of biomass as a renewable energy source, providing an in-depth analysis of its potential in mitigating environmental challenges. On a tangentially related note, "Ruby: A Biography" by Jacobsen offers a fascinating account of the historical and cultural significance of the eponymous gemstone, shedding light on the enduring allure of the name Ruby and its symbolic resonance.
Venturing into the realm of fiction, the works of literature both classic and contemporary have often employed names as a device to convey deeper meanings and themes. "The Ruby Circle" by Mead explores the intertwining destinies of its protagonists in a supernatural world, potentially alluding to hidden connections akin to those within our own empirical investigation. Furthermore, in "Biomass: A Love Story" by Green, we encounter a whimsical narrative that amusingly anthropomorphizes biomass materials while weaving a tale of unlikely romance and sustainable energy production.
In our quest for comprehensive understanding, we extend our purview beyond conventional sources of academic authority to uncover unexpected sources of insight. Notably, our inquiry took an unanticipated turn when, in a moment of light-hearted curiosity, we found ourselves perusing the labels on various household items. To our amusement, the nutritional information on a box of cereal and the whimsical anecdotes on the backs of shampoo bottles merely served to underscore the pervasive nature of our investigation into the correlation between the name Ruby and biomass power generation. While these unconventional sources may elicit a chuckle, they underscore the adage that knowledge can often be found in the most unexpected of places.
As we navigate the diverse landscapes of literature and unconventional sources, our inquiry into the intersection of the name Ruby and the realm of biomass power generation has unearthed unexpected connections and delightful curiosities. It is within this spirit of open-minded exploration that we draw inspiration and forge ahead in our quest to unravel the enigmatic nexus between nomenclature and sustainable energy – for, as we unveil, truth is often entwined with the threads of humor and whimsy.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and Energy Information Administration . You used data from 1990 to 2021
Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.
Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we set out to explore the intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Using meticulous data analysis encompassing the years 1990 to 2021, we employed information sourced from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration. The results revealed a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust association between the two variables. While the findings may initially appear whimsical, our study unearths a veritable gem of information and prompts further investigation into the curious confluence of nomenclature and energy generation. Our paper showcases the unpredictability and charm found within the realm of empirical research, lending credence to the adage that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The interplay between nomenclature and societal phenomena has long piqued the interest of researchers across various disciplines. From the classic "Rose by any other name" paradox to the more contemporary "Apple" brand saga, there exists an intriguing synergy between names and cultural trends. In this vein, we turn our attention to the enigmatic connection between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the dynamic landscape of biomass power generation in Hungary.
The choice of name has historically been a reflection of cultural trends, personal preferences, and the enduring influence of popular figures. Similarly, the development of sustainable energy sources has garnered increased attention in recent decades, as the world grapples with the imperative of environmental conservation. Yet, the intersection of these two seemingly disparate entities may appear, at first glance, to be akin to comparing apples and oranges – or perhaps, more fittingly, rubies and wood chips.
The allure of the name Ruby, with its rich historical significance and connotations of vitality and preciousness, has been a perennial favorite among hopeful parents. Meanwhile, biomass power generation, characterized by the conversion of organic materials into renewable energy, embodies the essence of sustainable progress and innovation. The juxtaposition of these realms has thus captured the curiosity of empirically-minded scholars, prompting the present investigation into their potential correlation.
Through a meticulous examination of data spanning over three decades, this study endeavors to shed light on the enigmatic nexus between the aforementioned variables. By delving into the archives of the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration, we sought to elucidate the phenomenon that has hitherto remained concealed beneath the surface of conventional scientific inquiry. The subsequent revelations serve to dispel the notion that empirical research is a purely dreary affair, as we unravel a captivating tale of statistical intrigue and sociocultural resonance.
As we embark on this scholarly endeavor, we invite the reader to join us in navigating the labyrinth of unexpected correlations and improbable associations. While the amalgamation of a gemstone-inspired name and the utilitarian domain of biomass power may at first seem implausible, our findings promise to unravel a narrative that sparkles with both statistical significance and sociolinguistic fascination. In this endeavor, we embrace the captivating unpredictability that lies at the heart of empirical inquiry, reminding ourselves that in the realm of research, as in life, serendipity often holds the key to remarkable discoveries.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
ChatGPT:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The methodology employed in this research endeavor sought to navigate the labyrinth of data sources, statistical analyses, and serendipitous discoveries in an effort to illuminate the elusive connection between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the realm of biomass power generation in Hungary. With precision and a hint of scholarly whimsy, our approach aimed to marry the rigor of empirical inquiry with the intrigue of unexpected correlations.
The primary source of data pertaining to the popularity of the first name Ruby was the US Social Security Administration's comprehensive records, encompassing nationwide birth registrations from 1990 to 2021. The collection of this data involved cunning sleuthing through myriad demographic archives, akin to scouring for hidden treasures in a vast chamber of birth certificates and monikers. To ascertain the ebb and flow of Ruby's popularity as a given name, we meticulously analyzed these records, sifting through the enchanting tapestry of infant nomenclature to discern patterns and trends.
Similarly, the investigation into biomass power generation in Hungary was informed by data obtained from the Energy Information Administration, capturing the evolution of renewable energy sources over the same temporal span. This phase of the data collection process required a keen eye and an indefatigable spirit, akin to the tireless quest of unearthing buried fossils within the stratigraphy of statistical records. Through a rigorous examination of biomass power generation figures, we sought to chart the undulating landscape of sustainable energy practices in Hungary, allowing the statistical narrative to unfold like a captivating saga of societal evolution.
Subsequent to the acquisition of the primary data, the statistical analyses were conducted with meticulous precision and an underlying current of scholarly awe. The examination of temporal trends involved robust time-series analyses, akin to detecting the subtle rhythms of a symphony within the numerical sequences. Meanwhile, correlation analyses were employed to discern the elusive dance of association between the two variables, treating the statistical measures as protagonists in an enthralling plot of numeric interplay.
Notably, the quirky idiosyncrasies of our data sources necessitated the application of innovative analytical methodologies. From the standpoint of studying the popularity of the name Ruby, we ventured into the somewhat uncharted waters of computational linguistics, grappling with the nuances of name popularity trends and interdisciplinary intersections. By contrast, the analysis of biomass power generation figures demanded a grasp of ecological economics, invoking the spirit of interdisciplinary inquiry and affording us a glimpse into the multifaceted nature of empirical scholarship.
In summary, the methodology employed in this investigation blended the precision of statistical analyses with the charm of interdisciplinary exploration, forging a path towards uncovering the captivating link between the name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary. Through a judicious balance of data sleuthing and analytical ingenuity, our methodology sought to traverse the terrain of empirical inquiry, beckoning forth the serendipitous discoveries that lie in wait amidst the labyrinthine expanse of sociolinguistic and energy-related data.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and Energy Information Administration .
For the time period 1990 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.9682680, r-squared of 0.9375430, and p < 0.01.
One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we set out to explore the intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Using meticulous data analysis encompassing the years 1990 to 2021, we employed information sourced from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration. The results revealed a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust association between the two variables. While the findings may initially appear whimsical, our study unearths a veritable gem of information and prompts further investigation into the curious confluence of nomenclature and energy generation. Our paper showcases the unpredictability and charm found within the realm of empirical research, lending credence to the adage that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.
-------
And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The interplay between nomenclature and societal phenomena has long piqued the interest of researchers across various disciplines. From the classic "Rose by any other name" paradox to the more contemporary "Apple" brand saga, there exists an intriguing synergy between names and cultural trends. In this vein, we turn our attention to the enigmatic connection between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the dynamic landscape of biomass power generation in Hungary.
The choice of name has historically been a reflection of cultural trends, personal preferences, and the enduring influence of popular figures. Similarly, the development of sustainable energy sources has garnered increased attention in recent decades, as the world grapples with the imperative of environmental conservation. Yet, the intersection of these two seemingly disparate entities may appear, at first glance, to be akin to comparing apples and oranges – or perhaps, more fittingly, rubies and wood chips.
The allure of the name Ruby, with its rich historical significance and connotations of vitality and preciousness, has been a perennial favorite among hopeful parents. Meanwhile, biomass power generation, characterized by the conversion of organic materials into renewable energy, embodies the essence of sustainable progress and innovation. The juxtaposition of these realms has thus captured the curiosity of empirically-minded scholars, prompting the present investigation into their potential correlation.
Through a meticulous examination of data spanning over three decades, this study endeavors to shed light on the enigmatic nexus between the aforementioned variables. By delving into the archives of the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration, we sought to elucidate the phenomenon that has hitherto remained concealed beneath the surface of conventional scientific inquiry. The subsequent revelations serve to dispel the notion that empirical research is a purely dreary affair, as we unravel a captivating tale of statistical intrigue and sociocultural resonance.
As we embark on this scholarly endeavor, we invite the reader to join us in navigating the labyrinth of unexpected correlations and improbable associations. While the amalgamation of a gemstone-inspired name and the utilitarian domain of biomass power may at first seem implausible, our findings promise to unravel a narrative that sparkles with both statistical significance and sociolinguistic fascination. In this endeavor, we embrace the captivating unpredictability that lies at the heart of empirical inquiry, reminding ourselves that in the realm of research, as in life, serendipity often holds the key to remarkable discoveries.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[RESULTS]]
ChatGPT:
[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration yielded compelling results regarding the relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary. Our findings revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 and an r-squared value of 0.9375430, underscoring the robust nature of the association between these seemingly incongruous variables. The p-value of less than 0.01 further corroborates the statistical significance of this correlation, providing strong evidence in support of our initial hypothesis.
Fig. 1 illustrates the scatterplot, vividly capturing the strong positive correlation between the incidence of the name Ruby and the magnitude of biomass power generated in Hungary. The unmistakable trend depicted in the graph serves as a visual testament to the remarkable synchronicity between the eponymous gemstone and the renewable energy landscape in Hungary. The unmistakable rise and fall of both variables bear striking resemblance, akin to the undulating facets of a finely cut ruby.
This compelling correlation is not merely a facet of statistical curiosity, but also prompts further contemplation on the intricate interplay between cultural phenomena and tangible environmental practices. While we tread cautiously in not extrapolating causality from correlation, the undeniable resonance between the popularity of the name Ruby and the growth of biomass power generation in Hungary beckons us to speculate on the extent of cultural influence on energy-related decisions. Perhaps there is more to a name than mere nomenclature; it may very well bear an indelible imprint on the societal currents that shape our environmental choices.
In conclusion, our study not only underscores the unexpected congruence between the popularity of the name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary but also underscores the inherent charm and wonder enshrined in empirical research. The serendipitous confluence of these disparate entities beckons us to explore the uncharted territories of nomenclature and its ramifications, reminding us that truth, indeed, resides in the most unlikely of places.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Limit your response to 500 tokens.
Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.
Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.
[[TITLE]]
"A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we set out to explore the intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Using meticulous data analysis encompassing the years 1990 to 2021, we employed information sourced from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration. The results revealed a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust association between the two variables. While the findings may initially appear whimsical, our study unearths a veritable gem of information and prompts further investigation into the curious confluence of nomenclature and energy generation. Our paper showcases the unpredictability and charm found within the realm of empirical research, lending credence to the adage that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In their study "The Name Game: Exploring the Impact of Names on Societal Trends," Smith and Doe delve into the intricate relationship between nomenclature and cultural phenomena, offering profound insights into the subtle yet pervasive influence of names on various aspects of human behavior. Similarly, Jones’ research in "Naming Conventions: A Sociolinguistic Analysis" elucidates the multifaceted nature of names and their capacity to reflect and perpetuate societal trends and values. These seminal works lay the groundwork for our investigation into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary.
Expanding our review beyond traditional academic literature, we turn our attention to non-fictional works that have captivated readers with their exploration of sustainable energy sources and sociolinguistic phenomena. "Biomass for Renewable Energy, Fuels, and Chemicals" by Sherrard explores the practical applications of biomass as a renewable energy source, providing an in-depth analysis of its potential in mitigating environmental challenges. On a tangentially related note, "Ruby: A Biography" by Jacobsen offers a fascinating account of the historical and cultural significance of the eponymous gemstone, shedding light on the enduring allure of the name Ruby and its symbolic resonance.
Venturing into the realm of fiction, the works of literature both classic and contemporary have often employed names as a device to convey deeper meanings and themes. "The Ruby Circle" by Mead explores the intertwining destinies of its protagonists in a supernatural world, potentially alluding to hidden connections akin to those within our own empirical investigation. Furthermore, in "Biomass: A Love Story" by Green, we encounter a whimsical narrative that amusingly anthropomorphizes biomass materials while weaving a tale of unlikely romance and sustainable energy production.
In our quest for comprehensive understanding, we extend our purview beyond conventional sources of academic authority to uncover unexpected sources of insight. Notably, our inquiry took an unanticipated turn when, in a moment of light-hearted curiosity, we found ourselves perusing the labels on various household items. To our amusement, the nutritional information on a box of cereal and the whimsical anecdotes on the backs of shampoo bottles merely served to underscore the pervasive nature of our investigation into the correlation between the name Ruby and biomass power generation. While these unconventional sources may elicit a chuckle, they underscore the adage that knowledge can often be found in the most unexpected of places.
As we navigate the diverse landscapes of literature and unconventional sources, our inquiry into the intersection of the name Ruby and the realm of biomass power generation has unearthed unexpected connections and delightful curiosities. It is within this spirit of open-minded exploration that we draw inspiration and forge ahead in our quest to unravel the enigmatic nexus between nomenclature and sustainable energy – for, as we unveil, truth is often entwined with the threads of humor and whimsy.
[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration yielded compelling results regarding the relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary. Our findings revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 and an r-squared value of 0.9375430, underscoring the robust nature of the association between these seemingly incongruous variables. The p-value of less than 0.01 further corroborates the statistical significance of this correlation, providing strong evidence in support of our initial hypothesis.
Fig. 1 illustrates the scatterplot, vividly capturing the strong positive correlation between the incidence of the name Ruby and the magnitude of biomass power generated in Hungary. The unmistakable trend depicted in the graph serves as a visual testament to the remarkable synchronicity between the eponymous gemstone and the renewable energy landscape in Hungary. The unmistakable rise and fall of both variables bear striking resemblance, akin to the undulating facets of a finely cut ruby.
This compelling correlation is not merely a facet of statistical curiosity, but also prompts further contemplation on the intricate interplay between cultural phenomena and tangible environmental practices. While we tread cautiously in not extrapolating causality from correlation, the undeniable resonance between the popularity of the name Ruby and the growth of biomass power generation in Hungary beckons us to speculate on the extent of cultural influence on energy-related decisions. Perhaps there is more to a name than mere nomenclature; it may very well bear an indelible imprint on the societal currents that shape our environmental choices.
In conclusion, our study not only underscores the unexpected congruence between the popularity of the name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary but also underscores the inherent charm and wonder enshrined in empirical research. The serendipitous confluence of these disparate entities beckons us to explore the uncharted territories of nomenclature and its ramifications, reminding us that truth, indeed, resides in the most unlikely of places.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[DISCUSSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[DISCUSSION]]
The striking correlation between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the biomass power generation in Hungary unveiled by our study raises a multitude of intriguing and, frankly, unexpectedly amusing implications. The robust statistical significance of the association, as indicated by the correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 and the statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, not only reinforces our findings but also brings forth the rather inexplicable link between nomenclature and sustainable energy practices.
Firstly, our results empirically support the whimsical yet insightful musings from the literature review. The parallels between the rise and fall of both the name Ruby's popularity and the generation of biomass power in Hungary exhibited in our scatterplot are reminiscent of the undulating facets of a finely cut ruby, echoing the hidden connections alluded to in fictional works such as "Biomass: A Love Story" by Green and "The Ruby Circle" by Mead. Who knew that statistical analysis could reveal such a gem of a connection between these seemingly disparate realms?
Furthermore, the undeniable resonance between the popularity of the name Ruby and the growth of biomass power generation prompts contemplation on the interplay between cultural phenomena and tangible environmental practices. Let us not forget the potential influence of societal trends and values, as expounded by Smith and Doe, in their study "The Name Game."
Remarkably, the seemingly frivolous trajectory of our research – from traditional academic literature to the back of shampoo bottles – has led to verifiable evidence of a connection that holds water, or should we say, holds biomass. Alas, it seems that even in the most unconventional of sources, there lies a kernel of truth waiting to be discovered.
In conclusion, our findings prompt a reevaluation of the significance and influence of names on societal trends, cultural phenomena, and, as we have uncovered, even environmental practices. The whimsical nature of our subjects aside, the unexpected syntheses of name popularity and sustainable energy generation underscore the unpredictable charm and wonder nestled in empirical research – a transmutation of information into a bonanza of discovery. Truly, amidst the dense empiricism, a sparkle of whimsy can emerge as an integral component of scientific inquiry.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Ruby and Biomass power generated in Hungary. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.
Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.
Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary"
[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we set out to explore the intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Using meticulous data analysis encompassing the years 1990 to 2021, we employed information sourced from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration. The results revealed a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust association between the two variables. While the findings may initially appear whimsical, our study unearths a veritable gem of information and prompts further investigation into the curious confluence of nomenclature and energy generation. Our paper showcases the unpredictability and charm found within the realm of empirical research, lending credence to the adage that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.
[[INTRDUCTION]]
The interplay between nomenclature and societal phenomena has long piqued the interest of researchers across various disciplines. From the classic "Rose by any other name" paradox to the more contemporary "Apple" brand saga, there exists an intriguing synergy between names and cultural trends. In this vein, we turn our attention to the enigmatic connection between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the dynamic landscape of biomass power generation in Hungary.
The choice of name has historically been a reflection of cultural trends, personal preferences, and the enduring influence of popular figures. Similarly, the development of sustainable energy sources has garnered increased attention in recent decades, as the world grapples with the imperative of environmental conservation. Yet, the intersection of these two seemingly disparate entities may appear, at first glance, to be akin to comparing apples and oranges – or perhaps, more fittingly, rubies and wood chips.
The allure of the name Ruby, with its rich historical significance and connotations of vitality and preciousness, has been a perennial favorite among hopeful parents. Meanwhile, biomass power generation, characterized by the conversion of organic materials into renewable energy, embodies the essence of sustainable progress and innovation. The juxtaposition of these realms has thus captured the curiosity of empirically-minded scholars, prompting the present investigation into their potential correlation.
Through a meticulous examination of data spanning over three decades, this study endeavors to shed light on the enigmatic nexus between the aforementioned variables. By delving into the archives of the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration, we sought to elucidate the phenomenon that has hitherto remained concealed beneath the surface of conventional scientific inquiry. The subsequent revelations serve to dispel the notion that empirical research is a purely dreary affair, as we unravel a captivating tale of statistical intrigue and sociocultural resonance.
As we embark on this scholarly endeavor, we invite the reader to join us in navigating the labyrinth of unexpected correlations and improbable associations. While the amalgamation of a gemstone-inspired name and the utilitarian domain of biomass power may at first seem implausible, our findings promise to unravel a narrative that sparkles with both statistical significance and sociolinguistic fascination. In this endeavor, we embrace the captivating unpredictability that lies at the heart of empirical inquiry, reminding ourselves that in the realm of research, as in life, serendipity often holds the key to remarkable discoveries.
[[RESULTS]]
The statistical analysis of the data collected from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration yielded compelling results regarding the relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary. Our findings revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 and an r-squared value of 0.9375430, underscoring the robust nature of the association between these seemingly incongruous variables. The p-value of less than 0.01 further corroborates the statistical significance of this correlation, providing strong evidence in support of our initial hypothesis.
Fig. 1 illustrates the scatterplot, vividly capturing the strong positive correlation between the incidence of the name Ruby and the magnitude of biomass power generated in Hungary. The unmistakable trend depicted in the graph serves as a visual testament to the remarkable synchronicity between the eponymous gemstone and the renewable energy landscape in Hungary. The unmistakable rise and fall of both variables bear striking resemblance, akin to the undulating facets of a finely cut ruby.
This compelling correlation is not merely a facet of statistical curiosity, but also prompts further contemplation on the intricate interplay between cultural phenomena and tangible environmental practices. While we tread cautiously in not extrapolating causality from correlation, the undeniable resonance between the popularity of the name Ruby and the growth of biomass power generation in Hungary beckons us to speculate on the extent of cultural influence on energy-related decisions. Perhaps there is more to a name than mere nomenclature; it may very well bear an indelible imprint on the societal currents that shape our environmental choices.
In conclusion, our study not only underscores the unexpected congruence between the popularity of the name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary but also underscores the inherent charm and wonder enshrined in empirical research. The serendipitous confluence of these disparate entities beckons us to explore the uncharted territories of nomenclature and its ramifications, reminding us that truth, indeed, resides in the most unlikely of places.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[CONCLUSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[CONCLUSION]]
In this study, we have elucidated a striking association between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Our findings suggest that the correlation between these variables surpasses mere statistical happenstance and may offer a glimpse into the intriguing interplay between nomenclature and environmental practices. The unmistakable syncopation between the undulating facets of the name Ruby's popularity and the growth of biomass power generation echoes the timeless allure of a finely cut gemstone. While we must exercise caution in not hastily attributing causality to this correlation, the resonance of these variables encourages contemplation on the potential cultural influences on energy-related decisions. The tale of our empirical inquiry serves as an enduring testament to the capricious and captivating nature of research, reminding us that truth often resides in the most unexpected of places. As we polish the facets of this narrative, we conclude that no further excavation into the whimsical connection between the name Ruby and biomass power generation in Hungary is needed – for, after all, some mysteries are best left to sparkle in their enigmatic splendor.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.
ChatGPT:
The Journal of Whimsical Linguistics
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.
ChatGPT:
The Institute for Gemstone Linguistics and Sustainable Energy Solutions
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary with an abstract of In this study, we set out to explore the intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name Ruby and the amount of biomass power generated in Hungary. Using meticulous data analysis encompassing the years 1990 to 2021, we employed information sourced from the US Social Security Administration and the Energy Information Administration. The results revealed a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9682680 with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, indicating a robust association between the two variables. While the findings may initially appear whimsical, our study unearths a veritable gem of information and prompts further investigation into the curious confluence of nomenclature and energy generation. Our paper showcases the unpredictability and charm found within the realm of empirical research, lending credence to the adage that sometimes, truth is indeed stranger than fiction.
ChatGPT:
"Ruby name popularity," "biomass power generation in Hungary," "relationship between names and energy generation," "US Social Security Administration data analysis," "Hungary biomass power statistics," "correlation between name popularity and energy production," "nomenclature and energy generation," "empirical research on name phenomenon," "unusual correlations in data analysis"
*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.
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Data details
Popularity of the first name RubyDetailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Ruby
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Ruby
Biomass power generated in Hungary
Detailed data title: Total biomass power generated in Hungary in billion kWh
Source: Energy Information Administration
See what else correlates with Biomass power generated in Hungary
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.9375430 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 93.8% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Biomass power generated in Hungary) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Ruby) over the 32 years from 1990 through 2021.
p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.3E-19. 0.0000000000000000001278158406
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.97 in 1.3E-17% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 7,823,756,392,836,335,616 random variables You don't actually need 7 quintillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.
p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.
In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.
Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 31 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 31 because we have two variables measured over a period of 32 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ 0.94, 0.98 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
| 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
| Popularity of the first name Ruby (Babies born) | 975 | 1021 | 1056 | 1056 | 1046 | 1066 | 995 | 1045 | 1218 | 1215 | 1272 | 1372 | 1579 | 1717 | 2120 | 2471 | 2591 | 2906 | 3025 | 3024 | 2801 | 2774 | 2923 | 3329 | 3427 | 3467 | 3852 | 3588 | 3590 | 3741 | 3341 | 3602 |
| Biomass power generated in Hungary (Billion kWh) | 0.034 | 0.048 | 0.091 | 0.077 | 0.09 | 0.103 | 0.091 | 0.095 | 0.112 | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.126 | 0.071 | 0.194 | 0.751 | 1.73 | 1.396 | 1.709 | 2.052 | 2.452 | 2.449 | 1.994 | 1.773 | 1.933 | 2.244 | 2.302 | 2.283 | 2.356 | 2.518 | 2.472 | 2.393 | 2.233 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([975,1021,1056,1056,1046,1066,995,1045,1218,1215,1272,1372,1579,1717,2120,2471,2591,2906,3025,3024,2801,2774,2923,3329,3427,3467,3852,3588,3590,3741,3341,3602,])
array_2 = np.array([0.034,0.048,0.091,0.077,0.09,0.103,0.091,0.095,0.112,0.12,0.12,0.126,0.071,0.194,0.751,1.73,1.396,1.709,2.052,2.452,2.449,1.994,1.773,1.933,2.244,2.302,2.283,2.356,2.518,2.472,2.393,2.233,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Ruby"
array_2_name = "Biomass power generated in Hungary"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)Reuseable content
You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.
For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."
When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.
Full license details.
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Download images for these variables:
- High resolution line chart
The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape. - High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
- Alternative high resolution line chart
- Scatterplot
- Portable line chart (png)
- Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
- Line chart for only Popularity of the first name Ruby
- Line chart for only Biomass power generated in Hungary
- AI-generated correlation image
- The spurious research paper: A Sparkling Connection: The Ruby Name Phenomenon and Biomass Power Generation in Hungary
You're the rating guru we've been waiting for!
Correlation ID: 1492 · Black Variable ID: 2542 · Red Variable ID: 23730
