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Data details
The number of movies Johnny Depp appeared inSource: The Movie DB
Additional Info: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006); Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005); Edward Scissorhands (1990); Ed Wood (1994); The Ninth Gate (1999); From Hell (2001); Finding Neverland (2004); Dead Man (1995); Secret Window (2004); What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993); Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011); Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (1998); Don Juan DeMarco (1994); Nick of Time (1995); Sleepy Hollow (1999); The Astronaut's Wife (1999); Corpse Bride (2005); Benny & Joon (1993); Blow (2001); Arizona Dream (1993); Public Enemies (2009); The Rum Diary (2011); The Libertine (2004); Donnie Brasco (1997); Cry-Baby (1990); The Brave (1997); Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007); The Tourist (2010); Dark Shadows (2012); Rango (2011); The Lone Ranger (2013); Transcendence (2014); Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017); Mortdecai (2015); Black Mass (2015); Sherlock Gnomes (2018); Donald Trump's The Art of the Deal: The Movie (2016); Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003); Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007); City of Lies (2018); The Professor (2018); Gonzo: The Life and Work of Dr. Hunter S. Thompson (2008); When You're Strange (2010); The Source (1999); Minamata (2020); Rock and a Hard Place: Another Night at the Agora (2008); Johnny Depp: The Love of the Bizarre (2023); TMZ Presents Johnny Vs. Amber: From Love to Hate (2022); Depp Vs. Heard: Winners & Losers (2022); Johnny Depp: King of Cult (2021); Scab Vendor (2022); Lost in La Mancha (2002); Alice in Wonderland (2010); The Man Who Cried (2000); Private Resort (1985); Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016); Hunter Goes to Hollywood (2003); Deep Sea 3D (2006); Waiting for the Barbarians (2019); It Came from... Baltimore!! (2005); Dark Shadows: The Collinses - Every Family Has Its Demons (2012); Alice in Wonderland: The Mad Hatter (2010); The Making of Edward Scissorhands (1990); Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street - Burton + Carter + Depp = Todd (2008); Ed Wood: Let's Shoot This @#!% (2004); Ed Wood: Pie Plates Over Hollywood (2004); Spotlight on Location: Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (1998); Crock of Gold: A Few Rounds with Shane MacGowan (2020); Jeanne du Barry (2023); An Epic At Sea: The Making of Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003); Paul McCartney: My Valentine (2012); Depp vs Heard: The Verdict (2022); Chocolat (2000); Once Upon a Time in Mexico (2003); Before Night Falls (2000); A Tour of the Inferno: Revisiting 'Platoon' (2001); Hollywood Vampires Live at Hellfest 2018 (2018); Sleepy Hollow: Behind the Legend (2000); Alice in Wonderland: Finding Alice (2010); Charlie and the Chocolate Factory: Becoming Oompa-Loompa (2005); Brothers in Arms (2018); Real Creatures of Dirt (2011); Murder on the Orient Express (2017); Gypsy Caravan: When the Road Bends (2006); Ed Wood: Making Bela (2004); The Buried Secret of M. Night Shyamalan (2004); I Am a Mutoid: A Glastonbury Hero (2021); The Nightmare (2015); According to Plan: The Making of 'Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest' (2006); Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald (2018); London Fields (2018); Kreka: Dreamcatcher (2021); A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984); Tusk (2014); The Black Ghiandola (2017); For No Good Reason (2012); Buy the Ticket, Take the Ride (2006); Breakfast with Hunter (2003); In Bad Taste (1999); Michael Mann: Making 'Public Enemies' (2009); Tell Me Iggy (2022); SpongeBob vs. the Big One (2009); Radioman (2012); The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus (2009); Lucky Them (2013); Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016); Don't Say No Until I Finish Talking: The Story of Richard D. Zanuck (2013); Hollywood Vampires - Rock in Rio 2015 (2015); Ballybrando (2009); Showbiz Kids (2020); Paradise Lost 3: Purgatory (2012); Kusturica - Balkan's Bad Boy (2012); Brando (2007); Winona Ryder: The Ghosts She Called (2022); Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991); Platoon (1986); Voom Portraits (2007); Pirates of the Caribbean: Tales of the Code: Wedlocked (2011); SpongeBob SquarePants vs. The Big One (2009); Slow Burn (1986); Close Up (2012); Don Rickles: One Night Only (2014); Charlie: The Life and Art of Charles Chaplin (2003); Inside the Two Worlds of 'The Corpse Bride' (2006); Yoga Hosers (2016); Cannes Man (1997); All the Love You Cannes! (2002); David Blaine: Beyond Magic (2016); Into the Woods (2014); Happily Ever After (2004); Joe Strummer: The Future Is Unwritten (2007); Sunset Strip (2012); L.A. Without a Map (1999); Julian Schnabel: A Private Portrait (2017); Never Sleep Again: The Elm Street Legacy (2010); Help! War Child (1995); kid 90 (2021); The 90s: Ten Years That Changed the World (2015); 21 Jump Street (2012); Savage X Fenty Show Vol. 4 (2022); Jack and Jill (2011); Final Cut: Ladies and Gentlemen (2012)
See what else correlates with The number of movies Johnny Depp appeared in
Votes for Libertarian Senators in Montana
Detailed data title: Total number of votes cast for Federal Libertarian Senate candidates in Montana
Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse
See what else correlates with Votes for Libertarian Senators in Montana
![](scatterplot/10468_the-number-of-movies-johnny-depp-appeared-in_correlates-with_votes-for-libertarian-senators-in-montana_scatterplot.png)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.7465984 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 74.7% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Votes for Libertarian Senators in Montana) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., The number of movies Johnny Depp appeared in) over the 7 years from 1984 through 2018.
p < 0.05, which statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 0.012. 0.0121463119196090620000000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.86 in 1.2% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 82 random variables Which I absolutely did.
with the same 6 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 6 because we have two variables measured over a period of 7 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ 0.32, 0.98 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
1984 | 1990 | 2002 | 2006 | 2012 | 2014 | 2018 | |
The number of movies Johnny Depp appeared in (Movie appearances) | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 11 | 4 | 7 |
Votes for Libertarian Senators in Montana (Total votes) | 9143 | 7937 | 10420 | 10377 | 31892 | 7933 | 14545 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,237 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 636,906,169 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is. - Very low n: There are not many data points included in this analysis. Even if the p-value is high, we should be suspicious of using so few datapoints in a correlation.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([1,3,2,6,11,4,7,])
array_2 = np.array([9143,7937,10420,10377,31892,7933,14545,])
array_1_name = "The number of movies Johnny Depp appeared in"
array_2_name = "Votes for Libertarian Senators in Montana"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)
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Hats off to you for rating!
Correlation ID: 10468 · Black Variable ID: 26604 · Red Variable ID: 26270