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Spurious correlation #3,754 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Renewable energy production in Bhutan and the second variable is Total number of live births in Australia.  The chart goes from 1980 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

The surplus of renewable energy in Bhutan created a ripple effect of positivity across the globe, leading to an unexpected surge in the kangaroo population in Australia. It turns out, the joeys just couldn't help but be energized by the eco-friendly vibes wafting their way. As a result, Australia experienced a baby boom unlike any other, with the adorable little ones bringing a whole new meaning to the term 'joey pouch'! It seems that when it comes to renewable energy and baby boom, the connection is truly hopping!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie where in a picturesque landscape, a vibrant wind farm in Bhutan stretches across the rolling hills, harnessing the power of nature. The wind turbines turn gracefully, sending out waves of positive energy. Meanwhile, in Australia, the atmosphere is filled with joy as a multitude of storks take flight, carrying bundles of joy to eager Australian families, symbolizing a remarkable increase in live births. The pure energy from Bhutan weaves through the sky, sparking joy and new beginnings, as the winds carry the renewable energy from one land to another, resulting in a heartwarming surge of new life. Improved Visual Depiction: A colorful and lively landscape with a sparkling wind farm in Bhutan amidst rolling hills, while cheerful storks fly overhead carrying bundles of joy to Australian families. The scene is filled with positive energy, showcasing the seamless connection between the renewable energy and the new life brought forth. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Steampunk Pop art An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie Data cyber art Glitch art
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia, in the following situation: Because as Bhutan increased renewable energy production, the positive energy vibes radiated across the globe, leading to an unprecedented baby boom in Australia. The clean, green energy wave rode the wind currents straight to the Land Down Under, inspiring Aussies to procreate like never before. It's the ultimate renewable resource: baby love powered by Bhutan's sustainable energy!. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a picturesque landscape, a vibrant wind farm in Bhutan stretches across the rolling hills, harnessing the power of nature. The wind turbines turn gracefully, sending out waves of positive energy. Meanwhile, in Australia, the atmosphere is filled with joy as a multitude of storks take flight, carrying bundles of joy to eager Australian families, symbolizing a remarkable increase in live births. The pure energy from Bhutan weaves through the sky, sparking joy and new beginnings, as the winds carry the renewable energy from one land to another, resulting in a heartwarming surge of new life.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie ] and depicting this scene: In a picturesque landscape, a vibrant wind farm in Bhutan stretches across the rolling hills, harnessing the power of nature. The wind turbines turn gracefully, sending out waves of positive energy. Meanwhile, in Australia, the atmosphere is filled with joy as a multitude of storks take flight, carrying bundles of joy to eager Australian families, symbolizing a remarkable increase in live births. The pure energy from Bhutan weaves through the sky, sparking joy and new beginnings, as the winds carry the renewable energy from one land to another, resulting in a heartwarming surge of new life. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: An image that looks like it is a scene from A Disney Movie where in a picturesque landscape, a vibrant wind farm in Bhutan stretches across the rolling hills, harnessing the power of nature. The wind turbines turn gracefully, sending out waves of positive energy. Meanwhile, in Australia, the atmosphere is filled with joy as a multitude of storks take flight, carrying bundles of joy to eager Australian families, symbolizing a remarkable increase in live births. The pure energy from Bhutan weaves through the sky, sparking joy and new beginnings, as the winds carry the renewable energy from one land to another, resulting in a heartwarming surge of new life. Improved Visual Depiction: A colorful and lively landscape with a sparkling wind farm in Bhutan amidst rolling hills, while cheerful storks fly overhead carrying bundles of joy to Australian families. The scene is filled with positive energy, showcasing the seamless connection between the renewable energy and the new life brought forth.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Renewable energy production in Bhutan caused Total number of live births in Australia to increase.\Make it sound serious until the end.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under

The Journal of Eclectic Energy Studies

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, make it sound serious.

Your research team used data from Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01 for 1980 to 2021.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we investigate the surprising link between the production of renewable energy in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in the vast expanse of Australia. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, our research team sought to unravel this unanticipated association that potentially electrifies the field of energy and demographics. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The implications of this stunning connection raise intriguing questions and spark speculation about the interplay between sustainable energy practices and the fecundity of distant nations. Our study sheds light on an unexpected and amusing twist in the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, hinting at the electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we investigate the surprising link between the production of renewable energy in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in the vast expanse of Australia. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, our research team sought to unravel this unanticipated association that potentially electrifies the field of energy and demographics. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The implications of this stunning connection raise intriguing questions and spark speculation about the interplay between sustainable energy practices and the fecundity of distant nations. Our study sheds light on an unexpected and amusing twist in the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, hinting at the electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
INTRODUCTION

The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a topic of increasing interest and importance in today's world. As the global community grapples with the challenges of climate change and sustainable development, the quest to understand and harness the forces driving population growth and energy consumption has taken on added significance. In this endeavor, researchers have explored a wide range of factors, from social and economic conditions to environmental and technological influences. However, the unearthing of unexpected correlations between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a source of continual fascination and conjecture within scholarly circles.

Amidst this backdrop, our study embarks on a journey to unravel a peculiar and, some might say, electrifying connection between the remote Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the sprawling expanse of Australia. At first glance, these two nations may appear to have little in common beyond their geographical remoteness – one known for its majestic landscapes and the other for its iconic wildlife. Yet, our investigation has uncovered an astonishing correlation between the production of renewable energy in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia.

The unearthing of this connection piqued our curiosity and triggered a wave of incredulity within our research team. After all, it is not every day that one discovers a potential link between the generation of hydroelectric power from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the advent of a baby boom down under. However, as we delved deeper into the data, a striking pattern emerged, one that hinted at a relationship more shocking than a bolt of lightning on a stormy night.

Before delving into the methodological approach and findings of our investigation, it is paramount to acknowledge the inherent complexity of studying correlations that transcend national borders and span diverse domains of human activity. The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a multifaceted puzzle, characterized by a myriad of interconnected variables and potential confounders. As such, our research endeavors to shed light on this unexpected nexus, not with the intent of providing a definitive answer, but rather to ignite a spark of curiosity and contemplation within the academic community.

In the following sections, we will embark on a journey through the landscapes of energy production and demographic trends, traversing the realms of statistical analysis and theoretical speculation. Our findings promise to illuminate an electrifying new dimension in the discourse on global dynamics, infusing a surge of energy into the dialogue on sustainable development and population studies. Welcome to the electrifying world of Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under – a shockingly captivating tale of interconnectedness and illumination.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading the backs of shampoo bottles.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we investigate the surprising link between the production of renewable energy in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in the vast expanse of Australia. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, our research team sought to unravel this unanticipated association that potentially electrifies the field of energy and demographics. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The implications of this stunning connection raise intriguing questions and spark speculation about the interplay between sustainable energy practices and the fecundity of distant nations. Our study sheds light on an unexpected and amusing twist in the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, hinting at the electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a topic of increasing interest and importance in today's world. As the global community grapples with the challenges of climate change and sustainable development, the quest to understand and harness the forces driving population growth and energy consumption has taken on added significance. In this endeavor, researchers have explored a wide range of factors, from social and economic conditions to environmental and technological influences. However, the unearthing of unexpected correlations between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a source of continual fascination and conjecture within scholarly circles.
Amidst this backdrop, our study embarks on a journey to unravel a peculiar and, some might say, electrifying connection between the remote Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the sprawling expanse of Australia. At first glance, these two nations may appear to have little in common beyond their geographical remoteness – one known for its majestic landscapes and the other for its iconic wildlife. Yet, our investigation has uncovered an astonishing correlation between the production of renewable energy in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia.
The unearthing of this connection piqued our curiosity and triggered a wave of incredulity within our research team. After all, it is not every day that one discovers a potential link between the generation of hydroelectric power from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the advent of a baby boom down under. However, as we delved deeper into the data, a striking pattern emerged, one that hinted at a relationship more shocking than a bolt of lightning on a stormy night.
Before delving into the methodological approach and findings of our investigation, it is paramount to acknowledge the inherent complexity of studying correlations that transcend national borders and span diverse domains of human activity. The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a multifaceted puzzle, characterized by a myriad of interconnected variables and potential confounders. As such, our research endeavors to shed light on this unexpected nexus, not with the intent of providing a definitive answer, but rather to ignite a spark of curiosity and contemplation within the academic community.
In the following sections, we will embark on a journey through the landscapes of energy production and demographic trends, traversing the realms of statistical analysis and theoretical speculation. Our findings promise to illuminate an electrifying new dimension in the discourse on global dynamics, infusing a surge of energy into the dialogue on sustainable development and population studies. Welcome to the electrifying world of Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under – a shockingly captivating tale of interconnectedness and illumination.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The investigation of the unexpected connection between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia has prompted a survey of existing literature that spans the domains of environmental science, demography, and unanticipated correlations. Our pursuit of relevant scholarly works led us to explore a diverse array of publications that shed light on the interplay between renewable energy sources and population dynamics.

Smith et al. (2018) provide a comprehensive analysis of renewable energy policies and their impact on sustainable development, focusing on the potential influence of energy transitions on demographic trends. Moreover, Doe's study (2020) delves into the socioeconomic implications of renewable energy adoption, underscoring the intricate relationship between energy availability and societal structures. These seminal works laid the foundation for our inquiry into the electrifying nexus between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the birth rates in Australia.

In "The Energy of Nations" by Jones (2012), the author examines the geopolitical ramifications of diversifying energy sources, offering insights into the broader repercussions of national energy strategies on global dynamics. Similarly, "Renewable Realities" by Brown (2016) delves into the practical realities of renewable energy implementation, addressing the challenges and opportunities associated with sustainable energy transitions. While these texts do not specifically touch upon the relationship between renewable energy production and birth rates, their exploration of the broader implications of renewable energy adoption proved to be illuminating.

Turning to fictional literature, the epic tale of "Electric Dreams" by Rivers (2009) takes the reader on a speculative journey through a world powered entirely by renewable energy, conjuring visions of futuristic societies shaped by sustainable power sources. In a similar vein, "Watts Up Down Under" by Sparks (2014) paints a whimsical picture of an alternative universe where the generation of renewable energy sparks a literal baby boom in the vast expanse of Australia. While these imaginative works do not offer empirical evidence, they exemplify the captivating allure of speculative fables woven around the themes of energy and population dynamics.

Beyond traditional scholarly sources and fictional narratives, our research team ventured into unconventional territory, poring over an eclectic assortment of materials. In an unexpected turn of events, the back covers of shampoo bottles proved to hold surprisingly compelling insights, albeit of a tangential nature. The fine print revealed a trove of electrifying descriptions, promising to revitalize hair and invigorate the senses – an unintended yet amusing parallel to the charged nature of our investigation.

As we navigate through the labyrinthine corridors of literature, it becomes evident that the quest for understanding the connection between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia has sparked a journey through the realms of scholarly rigor, fanciful storytelling, and serendipitous discoveries. Our review of the literature has illuminated the unforeseen paths that intersect amidst the domains of sustainability and demographics, infusing our research endeavor with a current of unexpected humor and curiosity.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia . You used data from 1980 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we investigate the surprising link between the production of renewable energy in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in the vast expanse of Australia. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, our research team sought to unravel this unanticipated association that potentially electrifies the field of energy and demographics. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The implications of this stunning connection raise intriguing questions and spark speculation about the interplay between sustainable energy practices and the fecundity of distant nations. Our study sheds light on an unexpected and amusing twist in the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, hinting at the electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a topic of increasing interest and importance in today's world. As the global community grapples with the challenges of climate change and sustainable development, the quest to understand and harness the forces driving population growth and energy consumption has taken on added significance. In this endeavor, researchers have explored a wide range of factors, from social and economic conditions to environmental and technological influences. However, the unearthing of unexpected correlations between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a source of continual fascination and conjecture within scholarly circles.
Amidst this backdrop, our study embarks on a journey to unravel a peculiar and, some might say, electrifying connection between the remote Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the sprawling expanse of Australia. At first glance, these two nations may appear to have little in common beyond their geographical remoteness – one known for its majestic landscapes and the other for its iconic wildlife. Yet, our investigation has uncovered an astonishing correlation between the production of renewable energy in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia.
The unearthing of this connection piqued our curiosity and triggered a wave of incredulity within our research team. After all, it is not every day that one discovers a potential link between the generation of hydroelectric power from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the advent of a baby boom down under. However, as we delved deeper into the data, a striking pattern emerged, one that hinted at a relationship more shocking than a bolt of lightning on a stormy night.
Before delving into the methodological approach and findings of our investigation, it is paramount to acknowledge the inherent complexity of studying correlations that transcend national borders and span diverse domains of human activity. The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a multifaceted puzzle, characterized by a myriad of interconnected variables and potential confounders. As such, our research endeavors to shed light on this unexpected nexus, not with the intent of providing a definitive answer, but rather to ignite a spark of curiosity and contemplation within the academic community.
In the following sections, we will embark on a journey through the landscapes of energy production and demographic trends, traversing the realms of statistical analysis and theoretical speculation. Our findings promise to illuminate an electrifying new dimension in the discourse on global dynamics, infusing a surge of energy into the dialogue on sustainable development and population studies. Welcome to the electrifying world of Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under – a shockingly captivating tale of interconnectedness and illumination.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

METHODOLOGY

In our quest to untangle the electrifying association between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia, our research team adopted a rigorous approach that balanced statistical analysis with a touch of whimsy. The data utilized in this investigation spanned the years 1980 to 2021 and were primarily sourced from the Energy Information Administration and the ever-reliable bastion of information, Wikipedia.

To commence our study, we adopted a multidimensional approach that could rival the convoluted pathways of a mountain trek in the Himalayas. Our first step involved an extensive exploration of global databases, where we scoured the digital landscape for comprehensive records of renewable energy production in Bhutan and live birth statistics in Australia. As we traversed through the myriad of online repositories, we encountered data in formats as diverse as the flora and fauna of Bhutan and Australia.

With a treasure trove of data at our disposal, we embarked on the perilous journey of data cleaning – a task that required a level of precision akin to navigating the turbulent waters of a hydroelectric dam. Our team painstakingly combed through the datasets, ensuring that each data point was pristine and devoid of any impurities that might introduce perturbations into our analysis. Much like extracting the essence of renewable energy from nature's bountiful resources, this process demanded meticulous attention to detail.

Subsequently, we delved into the realm of statistical analysis, wielding the formidable tools of correlation and regression analysis with the finesse of master craftsmen. The correlation coefficient, akin to the harmonious synergy between renewable energy and sustainable development, served as our guiding light, illuminating the strength and direction of the relationship between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia.

As we navigated through the statistical labyrinth, we also delved into the intricacies of time series analysis, unraveling the temporal dynamics of the interplay between renewable energy production and demographic trends. This allowed us to capture the undulating waves of influence that coursed through the years, akin to the undulating terrain of the Himalayan kingdom.

Our methodological odyssey was further enriched by the incorporation of robust sensitivity analysis, akin to the resilience of renewable energy systems, which enabled us to gauge the robustness of our findings against potential confounders and outliers.

In summary, our methodological approach encapsulated the tenacity of a mountain goat scaling the heights of a peak and the illuminating insight of a lightning strike in a stormy sky, culminating in a rigorous yet astonishingly delightful exploration of the electrifying connection between renewable energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a baby boom Down Under.

-----------
I hope you find my approach "shockingly" rigorous and electrifying!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia .

For the time period 1980 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.9559949, r-squared of 0.9139262, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we investigate the surprising link between the production of renewable energy in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in the vast expanse of Australia. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, our research team sought to unravel this unanticipated association that potentially electrifies the field of energy and demographics. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The implications of this stunning connection raise intriguing questions and spark speculation about the interplay between sustainable energy practices and the fecundity of distant nations. Our study sheds light on an unexpected and amusing twist in the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, hinting at the electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
INTRODUCTION
The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a topic of increasing interest and importance in today's world. As the global community grapples with the challenges of climate change and sustainable development, the quest to understand and harness the forces driving population growth and energy consumption has taken on added significance. In this endeavor, researchers have explored a wide range of factors, from social and economic conditions to environmental and technological influences. However, the unearthing of unexpected correlations between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a source of continual fascination and conjecture within scholarly circles.
Amidst this backdrop, our study embarks on a journey to unravel a peculiar and, some might say, electrifying connection between the remote Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the sprawling expanse of Australia. At first glance, these two nations may appear to have little in common beyond their geographical remoteness – one known for its majestic landscapes and the other for its iconic wildlife. Yet, our investigation has uncovered an astonishing correlation between the production of renewable energy in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia.
The unearthing of this connection piqued our curiosity and triggered a wave of incredulity within our research team. After all, it is not every day that one discovers a potential link between the generation of hydroelectric power from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the advent of a baby boom down under. However, as we delved deeper into the data, a striking pattern emerged, one that hinted at a relationship more shocking than a bolt of lightning on a stormy night.
Before delving into the methodological approach and findings of our investigation, it is paramount to acknowledge the inherent complexity of studying correlations that transcend national borders and span diverse domains of human activity. The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a multifaceted puzzle, characterized by a myriad of interconnected variables and potential confounders. As such, our research endeavors to shed light on this unexpected nexus, not with the intent of providing a definitive answer, but rather to ignite a spark of curiosity and contemplation within the academic community.
In the following sections, we will embark on a journey through the landscapes of energy production and demographic trends, traversing the realms of statistical analysis and theoretical speculation. Our findings promise to illuminate an electrifying new dimension in the discourse on global dynamics, infusing a surge of energy into the dialogue on sustainable development and population studies. Welcome to the electrifying world of Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under – a shockingly captivating tale of interconnectedness and illumination.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

RESULTS

The statistical analysis unveiled a striking correlation between the production of renewable energy in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. Our investigation revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949, indicating a robust positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. Additionally, the calculated r-squared value of 0.9139262 further attests to the strength of this relationship.

The p-value of less than 0.01 underscores the statistical significance of this correlation, providing compelling evidence for the unexpected interplay between renewable energy generation in Bhutan and the population dynamics of Australia. This finding prompts further contemplation of the potential mechanisms underlying this intriguing connection, teasing the imagination with the enthralling prospect of sustainability influencing fecundity across geopolitical boundaries.

To visually portray this electrifying correlation, we present a scatterplot (Fig. 1) that vividly illustrates the strong relationship between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia. The tightly clustered data points in the scatterplot emphasize the coherence of the association, akin to the harmonious synergy of a well-choreographed dance between diverse partners.

The implications of these results extend beyond the confines of traditional energy and demographic analyses, offering a whimsical twist to the narrative of global interconnectedness. The striking convergence of renewable energy production in the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the birth rates in the land Down Under impart a sense of astonishment that electrifies the discourse on sustainable development and population dynamics.

This unexpected correlation fuels the imagination, sparking reflections on the potential influence of environmental practices on population trends across distant nations. The unanticipated synergy between renewable energy production and the birth rates in Australia beckons researchers to delve deeper into the underlying causal pathways, ushering in a new era of contemplation and mirth in the realm of global dynamics.

The notable strength of this correlation raises intriguing questions and promises to kindle animated discussions within scholarly circles. As we unpack the implications of this empirical link, the electrifying forces of sustainable energy practices and demographic trends emerge as an enthralling subject for further inquiry and speculation.

In summary, our discovery of this potent and unexpected correlation between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia animates the scholarly discourse with an unexpected twist, adding an element of whimsy and surprise to the contemplation of global dynamics. The electrifying revelation of this connection urges the academic community to embrace a spirit of curiosity and wonder, as we venture further into the captivating realms of interconnectedness and illumination.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we investigate the surprising link between the production of renewable energy in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in the vast expanse of Australia. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, our research team sought to unravel this unanticipated association that potentially electrifies the field of energy and demographics. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The implications of this stunning connection raise intriguing questions and spark speculation about the interplay between sustainable energy practices and the fecundity of distant nations. Our study sheds light on an unexpected and amusing twist in the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, hinting at the electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The investigation of the unexpected connection between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia has prompted a survey of existing literature that spans the domains of environmental science, demography, and unanticipated correlations. Our pursuit of relevant scholarly works led us to explore a diverse array of publications that shed light on the interplay between renewable energy sources and population dynamics.
Smith et al. (2018) provide a comprehensive analysis of renewable energy policies and their impact on sustainable development, focusing on the potential influence of energy transitions on demographic trends. Moreover, Doe's study (2020) delves into the socioeconomic implications of renewable energy adoption, underscoring the intricate relationship between energy availability and societal structures. These seminal works laid the foundation for our inquiry into the electrifying nexus between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the birth rates in Australia.
In "The Energy of Nations" by Jones (2012), the author examines the geopolitical ramifications of diversifying energy sources, offering insights into the broader repercussions of national energy strategies on global dynamics. Similarly, "Renewable Realities" by Brown (2016) delves into the practical realities of renewable energy implementation, addressing the challenges and opportunities associated with sustainable energy transitions. While these texts do not specifically touch upon the relationship between renewable energy production and birth rates, their exploration of the broader implications of renewable energy adoption proved to be illuminating.
Turning to fictional literature, the epic tale of "Electric Dreams" by Rivers (2009) takes the reader on a speculative journey through a world powered entirely by renewable energy, conjuring visions of futuristic societies shaped by sustainable power sources. In a similar vein, "Watts Up Down Under" by Sparks (2014) paints a whimsical picture of an alternative universe where the generation of renewable energy sparks a literal baby boom in the vast expanse of Australia. While these imaginative works do not offer empirical evidence, they exemplify the captivating allure of speculative fables woven around the themes of energy and population dynamics.
Beyond traditional scholarly sources and fictional narratives, our research team ventured into unconventional territory, poring over an eclectic assortment of materials. In an unexpected turn of events, the back covers of shampoo bottles proved to hold surprisingly compelling insights, albeit of a tangential nature. The fine print revealed a trove of electrifying descriptions, promising to revitalize hair and invigorate the senses – an unintended yet amusing parallel to the charged nature of our investigation.
As we navigate through the labyrinthine corridors of literature, it becomes evident that the quest for understanding the connection between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia has sparked a journey through the realms of scholarly rigor, fanciful storytelling, and serendipitous discoveries. Our review of the literature has illuminated the unforeseen paths that intersect amidst the domains of sustainability and demographics, infusing our research endeavor with a current of unexpected humor and curiosity.

[[RESULTS]]
RESULTS
The statistical analysis unveiled a striking correlation between the production of renewable energy in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. Our investigation revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949, indicating a robust positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. Additionally, the calculated r-squared value of 0.9139262 further attests to the strength of this relationship.
The p-value of less than 0.01 underscores the statistical significance of this correlation, providing compelling evidence for the unexpected interplay between renewable energy generation in Bhutan and the population dynamics of Australia. This finding prompts further contemplation of the potential mechanisms underlying this intriguing connection, teasing the imagination with the enthralling prospect of sustainability influencing fecundity across geopolitical boundaries.
To visually portray this electrifying correlation, we present a scatterplot (Fig. 1) that vividly illustrates the strong relationship between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia. The tightly clustered data points in the scatterplot emphasize the coherence of the association, akin to the harmonious synergy of a well-choreographed dance between diverse partners.
The implications of these results extend beyond the confines of traditional energy and demographic analyses, offering a whimsical twist to the narrative of global interconnectedness. The striking convergence of renewable energy production in the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the birth rates in the land Down Under impart a sense of astonishment that electrifies the discourse on sustainable development and population dynamics.
This unexpected correlation fuels the imagination, sparking reflections on the potential influence of environmental practices on population trends across distant nations. The unanticipated synergy between renewable energy production and the birth rates in Australia beckons researchers to delve deeper into the underlying causal pathways, ushering in a new era of contemplation and mirth in the realm of global dynamics.
The notable strength of this correlation raises intriguing questions and promises to kindle animated discussions within scholarly circles. As we unpack the implications of this empirical link, the electrifying forces of sustainable energy practices and demographic trends emerge as an enthralling subject for further inquiry and speculation.
In summary, our discovery of this potent and unexpected correlation between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia animates the scholarly discourse with an unexpected twist, adding an element of whimsy and surprise to the contemplation of global dynamics. The electrifying revelation of this connection urges the academic community to embrace a spirit of curiosity and wonder, as we venture further into the captivating realms of interconnectedness and illumination.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The undeniable correlation between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia, as uncovered in this study, is nothing short of an electrifying revelation. Our findings not only endorse previous research pointing to unexpected associations in global dynamics, but also lead us to ponder the whimsical and comical aspects of this unexpected connection.

Harking back to the literary works referenced in our review, the unusual correlation we have uncovered can be seen as a realization of the imaginative visions depicted in "Electric Dreams" by Rivers and "Watts Up Down Under" by Sparks. While these fictional narratives might have seemed far-fetched, our empirical evidence now breathes life into the whimsical tales of renewable energy sparking a baby boom. This amuses and bemuses in equal measure, echoing in a playful resonance with "Electric Dreams."

It is also worth noting that, in the realm of literature, the back covers of shampoo bottles, with their unintentional parallels to our study, have unexpectedly enriched our understanding of the interplay between sustainability and demography. Who would have thought that the oft-overlooked realm of beauty products could provide a tangentially enlightening perspective on the forces shaping global dynamics? Such unexpected discoveries add a layer of whimsy to the serious pursuit of knowledge.

Our statistical analysis not only validates the earlier conceptual and speculative explorations of the role of renewable energy in population trends but brings the enchanting element of surprise to the forefront. The tightly clustered data points in the scatterplot, akin to a well-choreographed dance, playfully illustrate the coherence of the association, reflecting the harmonious synergy of a seemingly unlikely partnership.

The magnetic allure of this unexpected correlation invites contemplation of unconventional mechanisms through which sustainable energy practices may influence demographic trends across distant nations. This amuses and intrigues in equal measure, drawing scholars into a realm of unexpected humor and curiosity. The revelation of this potent and unexpected correlation urges the academic community to embrace a spirit of wonder and whimsy as we delve further into the captivating realms of interconnectedness and illumination.

In essence, our findings not only affirm the robustness of the connection between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the birth rates in Australia but also infuse the scholarly discourse with a lighthearted twist, reminding us of the unexpectedly amusing facets of rigorous research. The electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends reveal an enthralling subject for further inquiry—one that is accompanied by a current of unexpected humor and curiosity.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Renewable energy production in Bhutan and Total number of live births in Australia. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we investigate the surprising link between the production of renewable energy in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in the vast expanse of Australia. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, our research team sought to unravel this unanticipated association that potentially electrifies the field of energy and demographics. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The implications of this stunning connection raise intriguing questions and spark speculation about the interplay between sustainable energy practices and the fecundity of distant nations. Our study sheds light on an unexpected and amusing twist in the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, hinting at the electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a topic of increasing interest and importance in today's world. As the global community grapples with the challenges of climate change and sustainable development, the quest to understand and harness the forces driving population growth and energy consumption has taken on added significance. In this endeavor, researchers have explored a wide range of factors, from social and economic conditions to environmental and technological influences. However, the unearthing of unexpected correlations between seemingly unrelated phenomena has been a source of continual fascination and conjecture within scholarly circles.
Amidst this backdrop, our study embarks on a journey to unravel a peculiar and, some might say, electrifying connection between the remote Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the sprawling expanse of Australia. At first glance, these two nations may appear to have little in common beyond their geographical remoteness – one known for its majestic landscapes and the other for its iconic wildlife. Yet, our investigation has uncovered an astonishing correlation between the production of renewable energy in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia.
The unearthing of this connection piqued our curiosity and triggered a wave of incredulity within our research team. After all, it is not every day that one discovers a potential link between the generation of hydroelectric power from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the advent of a baby boom down under. However, as we delved deeper into the data, a striking pattern emerged, one that hinted at a relationship more shocking than a bolt of lightning on a stormy night.
Before delving into the methodological approach and findings of our investigation, it is paramount to acknowledge the inherent complexity of studying correlations that transcend national borders and span diverse domains of human activity. The intersection of renewable energy production and population dynamics is a multifaceted puzzle, characterized by a myriad of interconnected variables and potential confounders. As such, our research endeavors to shed light on this unexpected nexus, not with the intent of providing a definitive answer, but rather to ignite a spark of curiosity and contemplation within the academic community.
In the following sections, we will embark on a journey through the landscapes of energy production and demographic trends, traversing the realms of statistical analysis and theoretical speculation. Our findings promise to illuminate an electrifying new dimension in the discourse on global dynamics, infusing a surge of energy into the dialogue on sustainable development and population studies. Welcome to the electrifying world of Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under – a shockingly captivating tale of interconnectedness and illumination.

[[RESULTS]]
RESULTS
The statistical analysis unveiled a striking correlation between the production of renewable energy in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. Our investigation revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949, indicating a robust positive association between these seemingly disparate variables. Additionally, the calculated r-squared value of 0.9139262 further attests to the strength of this relationship.
The p-value of less than 0.01 underscores the statistical significance of this correlation, providing compelling evidence for the unexpected interplay between renewable energy generation in Bhutan and the population dynamics of Australia. This finding prompts further contemplation of the potential mechanisms underlying this intriguing connection, teasing the imagination with the enthralling prospect of sustainability influencing fecundity across geopolitical boundaries.
To visually portray this electrifying correlation, we present a scatterplot (Fig. 1) that vividly illustrates the strong relationship between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia. The tightly clustered data points in the scatterplot emphasize the coherence of the association, akin to the harmonious synergy of a well-choreographed dance between diverse partners.
The implications of these results extend beyond the confines of traditional energy and demographic analyses, offering a whimsical twist to the narrative of global interconnectedness. The striking convergence of renewable energy production in the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the birth rates in the land Down Under impart a sense of astonishment that electrifies the discourse on sustainable development and population dynamics.
This unexpected correlation fuels the imagination, sparking reflections on the potential influence of environmental practices on population trends across distant nations. The unanticipated synergy between renewable energy production and the birth rates in Australia beckons researchers to delve deeper into the underlying causal pathways, ushering in a new era of contemplation and mirth in the realm of global dynamics.
The notable strength of this correlation raises intriguing questions and promises to kindle animated discussions within scholarly circles. As we unpack the implications of this empirical link, the electrifying forces of sustainable energy practices and demographic trends emerge as an enthralling subject for further inquiry and speculation.
In summary, our discovery of this potent and unexpected correlation between renewable energy production in Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia animates the scholarly discourse with an unexpected twist, adding an element of whimsy and surprise to the contemplation of global dynamics. The electrifying revelation of this connection urges the academic community to embrace a spirit of curiosity and wonder, as we venture further into the captivating realms of interconnectedness and illumination.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our investigation into the unexpected correlation between renewable energy production in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in Australia has illuminated an electrifying dimension in the discourse on global dynamics. The remarkably high correlation coefficient and statistical significance of this association not only captivate the scholarly community but also prompt a surge of curiosity and contemplation regarding the interplay between sustainable energy practices and population trends.

The striking pattern revealed in our findings hints at a relationship more shocking than a bolt of lightning on a stormy night, offering an electrifying twist to the narrative of global interconnectedness. The whimsical convergence of renewable energy production in the Land of the Thunder Dragon and the birth rates in the land Down Under sparks reflections on the potential influence of environmental practices on population trends across distant nations.

As we unpack the implications of this empirical link, the astonishing correlation between renewable energy production and birth rates in Australia beckons researchers to delve deeper into the underlying causal pathways, embarking on a journey to unravel the shockingly captivating tale of interconnectedness and illumination.

However, it is important for us to exercise caution in interpreting these findings and resist the temptation to leap to electrifying conclusions. While our study sheds light on this startling association, it is imperative to acknowledge the inherent complexity of studying correlations that span diverse domains of human activity. As such, no more research is needed in this area, leaving this electrifying mystery to linger in the scholarly circles.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Eclectic Energy Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Renewable Energy Institute for Ecological Studies


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Shocking Connections: Renewable Energy from the Land of the Thunder Dragon and a Baby Boom Down Under with an abstract of In this study, we investigate the surprising link between the production of renewable energy in the Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan and the total number of live births in the vast expanse of Australia. Utilizing data from the Energy Information Administration and Wikipedia, our research team sought to unravel this unanticipated association that potentially electrifies the field of energy and demographics. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9559949 and p < 0.01, spanning the years 1980 to 2021. The implications of this stunning connection raise intriguing questions and spark speculation about the interplay between sustainable energy practices and the fecundity of distant nations. Our study sheds light on an unexpected and amusing twist in the intricate tapestry of global dynamics, hinting at the electrifying forces at play in shaping population trends.

ChatGPT:

renewable energy, Bhutan, Australia, live births, correlation, energy production, demographics, sustainable energy, population trends

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Renewable energy production in Bhutan
Detailed data title: Total renewable energy production in Bhutan in billion kWh
Source: Energy Information Administration
See what else correlates with Renewable energy production in Bhutan

Total number of live births in Australia
Source: Wikipedia
See what else correlates with Total number of live births in Australia

Correlation r = 0.9559949 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9139262 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 91.4% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Total number of live births in Australia) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Renewable energy production in Bhutan) over the 42 years from 1980 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 6.5E-23. 0.0000000000000000000000651915
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.96 in 6.5E-21% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 15,339,423,084,297,798,549,504 random variables You don't actually need 15 sextillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 41 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 41 because we have two variables measured over a period of 42 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.92, 0.98 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
198019811982198319841985198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Renewable energy production in Bhutan (Billion kWh)0.0060.0070.0080.0080.0080.0080.31.1681.5291.5291.5411.5571.6041.6041.6581.7151.8521.821.7831.7821.7921.9212.1782.5022.3292.624.4746.4946.8916.9287.2556.9756.7457.5317.157.7327.887.6516.898.9518.9519.001
Total number of live births in Australia (Live births per year)223664230920237076241764240544241814239115242977246200250155257521261158259186259959258314258210250438253660249105249965249310247500250988246663249082255934263540274330302300295700297900301617309582308065299697305377311104309142315147305832294369309996




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
    Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([0.006,0.007,0.008,0.008,0.008,0.008,0.3,1.168,1.529,1.529,1.541,1.557,1.604,1.604,1.658,1.715,1.852,1.82,1.783,1.782,1.792,1.921,2.178,2.502,2.329,2.62,4.474,6.494,6.891,6.928,7.255,6.975,6.745,7.531,7.15,7.732,7.88,7.651,6.89,8.951,8.951,9.001,])
array_2 = np.array([223664,230920,237076,241764,240544,241814,239115,242977,246200,250155,257521,261158,259186,259959,258314,258210,250438,253660,249105,249965,249310,247500,250988,246663,249082,255934,263540,274330,302300,295700,297900,301617,309582,308065,299697,305377,311104,309142,315147,305832,294369,309996,])
array_1_name = "Renewable energy production in Bhutan"
array_2_name = "Total number of live births in Australia"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 3754 · Black Variable ID: 23521 · Red Variable ID: 51
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