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Spurious correlation #3,430 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Master's degrees awarded in gender studies and the second variable is The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington.  The chart goes from 2012 to 2021, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As the number of Master's degrees in those studies decreased, there were less people who could "think outside the box" to come up with tree-mendous conservation ideas. This led to a lack of qualified individuals to branch out into the field, and ultimately resulted in a forest of job vacancies. It seems like the root of the problem was a failure to see the big picture, and now the situation has gone out on a limb!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image that illustrates a stunning parallax art scene in a lush forest in Washington. In this scene, a group of conservation workers are surrounded by the rich foliage and towering trees. As they struggle to communicate with the animals, showcase the quieter atmosphere that has descended upon the forest due to the decline in specific expertise. Emphasize the harmonious connection that has diminished, leaving a noticeable impact on the once vibrant environment. The declining number of Master's degrees in area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies should be subtly conveyed through the visual composition. Capture the workers' efforts to connect with the animals and the unique beauty of the forest to create a visually engaging and thought-provoking scene. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: a funny image macro Cutsy graphics Cyberpunk Cubism Parallax art
ChatGPT: Parallax art

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington, in the following situation: As the number of Master's degrees in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies decreased, fewer experts were available to communicate with the woodland creatures, leading to a decline in job satisfaction for forest and conservation workers who relied on the animals for moral support during their shifts.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a lush forest in Washington, there's a group of conservation workers. As the number of Master's degrees in area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies declined, the forest became quieter. The workers struggled to communicate with the animals, who were vital for their morale. The diminishing expertise left a noticeable impact on the once vibrant and harmonious atmosphere of the forest.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Parallax art ] and depicting this scene: In a lush forest in Washington, there's a group of conservation workers. As the number of Master's degrees in area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies declined, the forest became quieter. The workers struggled to communicate with the animals, who were vital for their morale. The diminishing expertise left a noticeable impact on the once vibrant and harmonious atmosphere of the forest. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image that illustrates a stunning parallax art scene in a lush forest in Washington. In this scene, a group of conservation workers are surrounded by the rich foliage and towering trees. As they struggle to communicate with the animals, showcase the quieter atmosphere that has descended upon the forest due to the decline in specific expertise. Emphasize the harmonious connection that has diminished, leaving a noticeable impact on the once vibrant environment. The declining number of Master's degrees in area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies should be subtly conveyed through the visual composition. Capture the workers' efforts to connect with the animals and the unique beauty of the forest to create a visually engaging and thought-provoking scene.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies caused The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington to decrease. Make it feel plausible.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers

The Journal of Ecological Studies and Social Sciences

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, just make it sound clever.

Your research team used data from National Center for Education Statistics and Bureau of Larbor Statistics to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and p < 0.01 for 2012 to 2021.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. While our research may seem like comparing apples to oranges, we aimed to unearth any correlation between these seemingly disparate fields. Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2012 to 2021, our analysis revealed a ripe correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Strapping on our academic hiking boots, we traversed through the tangled underbrush of data to uncover the tangled relationship between these unlikely bedfellows. So, come along for the academic adventure, as we chop through statistical underbrush and plant the seeds of knowledge in this fertile ground.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. While our research may seem like comparing apples to oranges, we aimed to unearth any correlation between these seemingly disparate fields. Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2012 to 2021, our analysis revealed a ripe correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Strapping on our academic hiking boots, we traversed through the tangled underbrush of data to uncover the tangled relationship between these unlikely bedfellows. So, come along for the academic adventure, as we chop through statistical underbrush and plant the seeds of knowledge in this fertile ground.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
Ah, good day, fellow scholars and esteemed readers, and welcome to the wild and wacky world of academic research! In this paper, we embark on a journey through the tangled forest of statistics and data to explore the curious relationship between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in the state of Washington. Sounds like a whimsical quest, doesn't it? Like venturing into the enchanted forest armed with regression analyses and bar charts instead of swords and shields.

Now, I know what you're thinking - "What in the world do AECGGS degrees have to do with forest workers in Washington?" Believe me, dear reader, I had the same perplexed look on my face when the idea for this study first sprouted in my mind. But as the saying goes, "There are no small parts in science, only small p-values." So, armed with curiosity and an insatiable thirst for knowledge, we delved into this uncharted territory with the hope of untangling the root systems of these seemingly unrelated variables.

As we venture forth, don't worry, I promise not to "leaf" you in the dark when it comes to the methods and findings of our research. Together, we'll navigate the dense thicket of statistical analyses, uncovering not just correlation coefficients and p-values, but also the quirks and surprises that come with exploring uncharted academic terrain.

So, without further ado, let's grab our compasses, gather our academic provisions, and set off into the underbrush of this scholarly exploration. It's time to shed light on the surprising connections between the world of AECGGS degrees and the green, leafy realm of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Onward, to the heart of the statistical wilderness we go!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some cartoons and childrens' shows that you watched that are related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. While our research may seem like comparing apples to oranges, we aimed to unearth any correlation between these seemingly disparate fields. Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2012 to 2021, our analysis revealed a ripe correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Strapping on our academic hiking boots, we traversed through the tangled underbrush of data to uncover the tangled relationship between these unlikely bedfellows. So, come along for the academic adventure, as we chop through statistical underbrush and plant the seeds of knowledge in this fertile ground.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Ah, good day, fellow scholars and esteemed readers, and welcome to the wild and wacky world of academic research! In this paper, we embark on a journey through the tangled forest of statistics and data to explore the curious relationship between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in the state of Washington. Sounds like a whimsical quest, doesn't it? Like venturing into the enchanted forest armed with regression analyses and bar charts instead of swords and shields.
Now, I know what you're thinking - "What in the world do AECGGS degrees have to do with forest workers in Washington?" Believe me, dear reader, I had the same perplexed look on my face when the idea for this study first sprouted in my mind. But as the saying goes, "There are no small parts in science, only small p-values." So, armed with curiosity and an insatiable thirst for knowledge, we delved into this uncharted territory with the hope of untangling the root systems of these seemingly unrelated variables.
As we venture forth, don't worry, I promise not to "leaf" you in the dark when it comes to the methods and findings of our research. Together, we'll navigate the dense thicket of statistical analyses, uncovering not just correlation coefficients and p-values, but also the quirks and surprises that come with exploring uncharted academic terrain.
So, without further ado, let's grab our compasses, gather our academic provisions, and set off into the underbrush of this scholarly exploration. It's time to shed light on the surprising connections between the world of AECGGS degrees and the green, leafy realm of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Onward, to the heart of the statistical wilderness we go!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In their seminal work, Smith and Doe (2015) examined the trends in Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and its potential impact on various industries. They unearthed some substantial findings, but nothing that would prepare them for the bountiful and bizarre connections our study has discovered. Jones (2018) further delved into the sociocultural implications of AECGGS degrees, shedding light on the complexities of the field.

Moving onto the more whimsical side, "Cultural Conversations" by Garcia explores the intricate dynamics of cultural studies with a touch of flair. Who knew those cultural conversations would one day lead us to the forested landscapes of Washington? "Gender and Geography" by Patel and "Ethnic Explorations" by Kim provide valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of gender and ethnic studies, but little did they know that their work could sprout connections to the leafy domain of conservation workers.

On a more fictional note, "The Secret Life of Trees" by Johnson and "Into the Woods" by Adams might sound like bedtime stories, but they contain elements that resonate with the unexpected twists and turns of our own research journey. And who could forget the classic "Where the Wild Things Are" by Sendak, which, though a book for children, hint at the untamed world of statistics and data exploration that await us.

Of course, let's not overlook the influence of popular culture on our understanding of this topic. The cartoons "FernGully: The Last Rainforest" and "Captain Planet and the Planeteers" may have instilled in us a sense of environmental consciousness and the delicate balance of nature, factors that undoubtedly play a role in the intersection of AECGGS degrees and forest and conservation workers in Washington.

As we navigate the dialogue between scholarly works, fiction, and childhood influences, it becomes abundantly clear that the intersection of AECGGS degrees and the realm of forest and conservation workers is a journey fraught with unexpected connections and quirky parallels. But fear not, fellow researchers, for we shall continue our academic exploration with a lighthearted spirit, unearthing the marvelous, the whimsical, and the downright comical correlations that await us.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and Bureau of Larbor Statistics . You used data from 2012 to 2021

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. While our research may seem like comparing apples to oranges, we aimed to unearth any correlation between these seemingly disparate fields. Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2012 to 2021, our analysis revealed a ripe correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Strapping on our academic hiking boots, we traversed through the tangled underbrush of data to uncover the tangled relationship between these unlikely bedfellows. So, come along for the academic adventure, as we chop through statistical underbrush and plant the seeds of knowledge in this fertile ground.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
Ah, good day, fellow scholars and esteemed readers, and welcome to the wild and wacky world of academic research! In this paper, we embark on a journey through the tangled forest of statistics and data to explore the curious relationship between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in the state of Washington. Sounds like a whimsical quest, doesn't it? Like venturing into the enchanted forest armed with regression analyses and bar charts instead of swords and shields.
Now, I know what you're thinking - "What in the world do AECGGS degrees have to do with forest workers in Washington?" Believe me, dear reader, I had the same perplexed look on my face when the idea for this study first sprouted in my mind. But as the saying goes, "There are no small parts in science, only small p-values." So, armed with curiosity and an insatiable thirst for knowledge, we delved into this uncharted territory with the hope of untangling the root systems of these seemingly unrelated variables.
As we venture forth, don't worry, I promise not to "leaf" you in the dark when it comes to the methods and findings of our research. Together, we'll navigate the dense thicket of statistical analyses, uncovering not just correlation coefficients and p-values, but also the quirks and surprises that come with exploring uncharted academic terrain.
So, without further ado, let's grab our compasses, gather our academic provisions, and set off into the underbrush of this scholarly exploration. It's time to shed light on the surprising connections between the world of AECGGS degrees and the green, leafy realm of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Onward, to the heart of the statistical wilderness we go!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To dissect the intricate relationship between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington, our research team embarked on a data-driven odyssey filled with statistical perils and scholarly serendipity. Our methodology, like a well-honed machete, was designed to hack through the dense foliage of information and unearth the hidden pathways that led to our findings.

First, we scoured the ethereal lands of the internet, drawing upon the bountiful databases of the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Armed with spreadsheets and formulas as our trusty companions, we navigated the tangled vines of data from the years 2012 to 2021, carefully selecting our variables like intrepid botanists searching for rare orchids.

With our voluminous dataset in hand, we utilized a smorgasbord of statistical techniques to wrangle our variables into submission and extract meaningful insights. Employing multiple regression analysis, we sought to disentangle the interwoven roots of AECGGS degrees and the number of forest and conservation workers, adjusting for confounding factors like employment trends, environmental policies, and educational patterns.

Additionally, we employed scatter plots and correlation analyses to map out the topography of our data, uncovering the peaks and valleys of association between AECGGS degrees and the labor force sowing seeds in Washington's forests. These graphical representations served as our compasses, guiding us through the treacherous terrain of statistical significance and giving us glimpses of the hidden patterns that lay beneath the foliage of raw numbers.

As seasoned explorers of statistical hinterlands, we also conducted sensitivity analyses and robustness checks to ensure the resilience of our findings in the face of potential data hazards and lurking confounders. Our goal was to avoid the statistical quicksand and pitfalls that often ensnare unwary researchers, striving to provide a sturdy bridge of evidence across the chasm of uncertainty.

Furthermore, we incorporated Monte Carlo simulations with the zest of adventurers crafting maps of uncharted territories, generating virtual landscapes of potential scenarios and evaluating the stability of our results under varying conditions. By harnessing the power of simulated exploration, we fortified the veracity of our empirical discoveries and painted a clearer picture of the relationship between our seemingly incongruous variables.

In summary, our methodological approach resembled a daring expedition into the terra incognita of statistics and data analysis, braving the tempestuous seas of uncertainty to uncover the buried treasures of academic inquiry. With these tools and techniques at our disposal, we ventured forth, forging a scholarly path through the statistical underbrush and emerging triumphant with our findings.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National Center for Education Statistics and Bureau of Larbor Statistics .

For the time period 2012 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.8908879, r-squared of 0.7936812, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. While our research may seem like comparing apples to oranges, we aimed to unearth any correlation between these seemingly disparate fields. Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2012 to 2021, our analysis revealed a ripe correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Strapping on our academic hiking boots, we traversed through the tangled underbrush of data to uncover the tangled relationship between these unlikely bedfellows. So, come along for the academic adventure, as we chop through statistical underbrush and plant the seeds of knowledge in this fertile ground.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Ah, good day, fellow scholars and esteemed readers, and welcome to the wild and wacky world of academic research! In this paper, we embark on a journey through the tangled forest of statistics and data to explore the curious relationship between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in the state of Washington. Sounds like a whimsical quest, doesn't it? Like venturing into the enchanted forest armed with regression analyses and bar charts instead of swords and shields.
Now, I know what you're thinking - "What in the world do AECGGS degrees have to do with forest workers in Washington?" Believe me, dear reader, I had the same perplexed look on my face when the idea for this study first sprouted in my mind. But as the saying goes, "There are no small parts in science, only small p-values." So, armed with curiosity and an insatiable thirst for knowledge, we delved into this uncharted territory with the hope of untangling the root systems of these seemingly unrelated variables.
As we venture forth, don't worry, I promise not to "leaf" you in the dark when it comes to the methods and findings of our research. Together, we'll navigate the dense thicket of statistical analyses, uncovering not just correlation coefficients and p-values, but also the quirks and surprises that come with exploring uncharted academic terrain.
So, without further ado, let's grab our compasses, gather our academic provisions, and set off into the underbrush of this scholarly exploration. It's time to shed light on the surprising connections between the world of AECGGS degrees and the green, leafy realm of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Onward, to the heart of the statistical wilderness we go!

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

In the spirit of true academic rigor (and a dash of whimsy), our research has unveiled a striking relationship between the number of Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies and the population of forest and conservation workers in the evergreen state of Washington. Our data, diligently collected from the hallowed halls of the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8908879, an r-squared of 0.7936812, and a p-value that proved to be as rare as an elusive woodland creature – less than 0.01, to be precise! It's safe to say that our findings branched out far beyond our expectations.

As depicted in the illustrious Fig. 1, our scatterplot showcases a veritable tapestry of data points, beautifully encapsulating the robust relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. If a picture is worth a thousand words, then this figure eloquently weaves a tale of academic intrigue, where the vines of AECGGS degrees entangle with the roots of forest and conservation workers in a dance of statistical significance.

But what does this all mean, you might ask? Well, hold onto your sunhats, because it appears that as the number of AECGGS degrees blossomed and bloomed, so too did the population of forest and conservation workers in the great state of Washington. It's as if the academic and arboreal worlds are engaged in a silent, harmonious waltz, with each step of the statistical dance revealing a connection that is not just statistically significant, but positively delightful.

So, grab your binoculars and your bar charts, dear readers! Our findings paint a picture of unexpected synchronicity between the pursuit of knowledge in AECGGS and the captivating domain of forest and conservation work. It seems that in the forest of statistical inquiry, the roots of correlation run deep, and the branches of significance reach out to intertwine with the foliage of academic exploration.

In conclusion, our results have plucked a ripe fruit from the tree of knowledge, offering a delicious taste of the unexpected connections that permeate the underbrush of statistical investigation. So, let's celebrate this revelatory symphony of data and continue to explore the hidden harmonies between the academic pursuit of AECGGS degrees and the vibrant world of forest and conservation work.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. While our research may seem like comparing apples to oranges, we aimed to unearth any correlation between these seemingly disparate fields. Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2012 to 2021, our analysis revealed a ripe correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Strapping on our academic hiking boots, we traversed through the tangled underbrush of data to uncover the tangled relationship between these unlikely bedfellows. So, come along for the academic adventure, as we chop through statistical underbrush and plant the seeds of knowledge in this fertile ground.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In their seminal work, Smith and Doe (2015) examined the trends in Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and its potential impact on various industries. They unearthed some substantial findings, but nothing that would prepare them for the bountiful and bizarre connections our study has discovered. Jones (2018) further delved into the sociocultural implications of AECGGS degrees, shedding light on the complexities of the field.
Moving onto the more whimsical side, "Cultural Conversations" by Garcia explores the intricate dynamics of cultural studies with a touch of flair. Who knew those cultural conversations would one day lead us to the forested landscapes of Washington? "Gender and Geography" by Patel and "Ethnic Explorations" by Kim provide valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of gender and ethnic studies, but little did they know that their work could sprout connections to the leafy domain of conservation workers.
On a more fictional note, "The Secret Life of Trees" by Johnson and "Into the Woods" by Adams might sound like bedtime stories, but they contain elements that resonate with the unexpected twists and turns of our own research journey. And who could forget the classic "Where the Wild Things Are" by Sendak, which, though a book for children, hint at the untamed world of statistics and data exploration that await us.
Of course, let's not overlook the influence of popular culture on our understanding of this topic. The cartoons "FernGully: The Last Rainforest" and "Captain Planet and the Planeteers" may have instilled in us a sense of environmental consciousness and the delicate balance of nature, factors that undoubtedly play a role in the intersection of AECGGS degrees and forest and conservation workers in Washington.
As we navigate the dialogue between scholarly works, fiction, and childhood influences, it becomes abundantly clear that the intersection of AECGGS degrees and the realm of forest and conservation workers is a journey fraught with unexpected connections and quirky parallels. But fear not, fellow researchers, for we shall continue our academic exploration with a lighthearted spirit, unearthing the marvelous, the whimsical, and the downright comical correlations that await us.

[[RESULTS]]
In the spirit of true academic rigor (and a dash of whimsy), our research has unveiled a striking relationship between the number of Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies and the population of forest and conservation workers in the evergreen state of Washington. Our data, diligently collected from the hallowed halls of the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8908879, an r-squared of 0.7936812, and a p-value that proved to be as rare as an elusive woodland creature – less than 0.01, to be precise! It's safe to say that our findings branched out far beyond our expectations.
As depicted in the illustrious Fig. 1, our scatterplot showcases a veritable tapestry of data points, beautifully encapsulating the robust relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. If a picture is worth a thousand words, then this figure eloquently weaves a tale of academic intrigue, where the vines of AECGGS degrees entangle with the roots of forest and conservation workers in a dance of statistical significance.
But what does this all mean, you might ask? Well, hold onto your sunhats, because it appears that as the number of AECGGS degrees blossomed and bloomed, so too did the population of forest and conservation workers in the great state of Washington. It's as if the academic and arboreal worlds are engaged in a silent, harmonious waltz, with each step of the statistical dance revealing a connection that is not just statistically significant, but positively delightful.
So, grab your binoculars and your bar charts, dear readers! Our findings paint a picture of unexpected synchronicity between the pursuit of knowledge in AECGGS and the captivating domain of forest and conservation work. It seems that in the forest of statistical inquiry, the roots of correlation run deep, and the branches of significance reach out to intertwine with the foliage of academic exploration.
In conclusion, our results have plucked a ripe fruit from the tree of knowledge, offering a delicious taste of the unexpected connections that permeate the underbrush of statistical investigation. So, let's celebrate this revelatory symphony of data and continue to explore the hidden harmonies between the academic pursuit of AECGGS degrees and the vibrant world of forest and conservation work.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

Ah, the moment we've all been waiting for—the discussion section, where we don our metaphorical hiking boots and dive deep into the tangled underbrush of our findings! Allow us to leaf through the pages of our data-driven adventure and ponder the quirky, quirky implications of our research.

To start, let's leaf through our literature review and give a nod to the whimsical elements we touched upon. Who would have thought that "Cultural Conversations", "Gender and Geography", and "Ethnic Explorations" would lead us on a scholarly expedition through the forested landscapes of Washington, uncovering the roots of correlation between AECGGS degrees and the world of conservation work? It's as if we've stumbled upon a scientific fairy tale, affirming the old adage that truth is often stranger than fiction.

Now, let's turn over a new leaf and delve into the heart of our results. Our data, akin to a rare woodland creature, revealed a striking correlation coefficient and a p-value as elusive as an enchanting forest sprite. It's clear that our findings are not just statistically significant, but positively enchanting, illuminating the unexpected harmony between the pursuit of knowledge in AECGGS and the captivating realm of forest and conservation work.

As we traverse these statistical woodlands, let's not overlook the multifaceted nature of our results. We've uncovered a correlation as solid as the mighty oak and as captivating as the whispering willow, demonstrating that the academic and arboreal worlds are engaged in a silent, harmonious waltz. It's a symphony of data that resonates with the unexpected connections permeating the underbrush of statistical investigation. The data might seem like comparing apples to oranges, but our findings reveal a correlation that is as real as the bark on a tree.

In the end, our research has borne fruit, offering a delightful taste of the unexpected connections that intertwine the pursuit of AECGGS degrees with the vibrant world of forest and conservation work. So, let's continue to celebrate this revelatory symphony of data and uncover the hidden harmonies between the academic pursuit of AECGGS degrees and the wondrous world of conservation work. After all, who knew that the forest of statistical inquiry held such delightful secrets?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies and The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers

[[ABSTRACT]]
In this study, we delve into the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. While our research may seem like comparing apples to oranges, we aimed to unearth any correlation between these seemingly disparate fields. Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2012 to 2021, our analysis revealed a ripe correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Strapping on our academic hiking boots, we traversed through the tangled underbrush of data to uncover the tangled relationship between these unlikely bedfellows. So, come along for the academic adventure, as we chop through statistical underbrush and plant the seeds of knowledge in this fertile ground.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Ah, good day, fellow scholars and esteemed readers, and welcome to the wild and wacky world of academic research! In this paper, we embark on a journey through the tangled forest of statistics and data to explore the curious relationship between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in the state of Washington. Sounds like a whimsical quest, doesn't it? Like venturing into the enchanted forest armed with regression analyses and bar charts instead of swords and shields.
Now, I know what you're thinking - "What in the world do AECGGS degrees have to do with forest workers in Washington?" Believe me, dear reader, I had the same perplexed look on my face when the idea for this study first sprouted in my mind. But as the saying goes, "There are no small parts in science, only small p-values." So, armed with curiosity and an insatiable thirst for knowledge, we delved into this uncharted territory with the hope of untangling the root systems of these seemingly unrelated variables.
As we venture forth, don't worry, I promise not to "leaf" you in the dark when it comes to the methods and findings of our research. Together, we'll navigate the dense thicket of statistical analyses, uncovering not just correlation coefficients and p-values, but also the quirks and surprises that come with exploring uncharted academic terrain.
So, without further ado, let's grab our compasses, gather our academic provisions, and set off into the underbrush of this scholarly exploration. It's time to shed light on the surprising connections between the world of AECGGS degrees and the green, leafy realm of forest and conservation workers in Washington. Onward, to the heart of the statistical wilderness we go!

[[RESULTS]]
In the spirit of true academic rigor (and a dash of whimsy), our research has unveiled a striking relationship between the number of Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies and the population of forest and conservation workers in the evergreen state of Washington. Our data, diligently collected from the hallowed halls of the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.8908879, an r-squared of 0.7936812, and a p-value that proved to be as rare as an elusive woodland creature – less than 0.01, to be precise! It's safe to say that our findings branched out far beyond our expectations.
As depicted in the illustrious Fig. 1, our scatterplot showcases a veritable tapestry of data points, beautifully encapsulating the robust relationship between these seemingly incongruous variables. If a picture is worth a thousand words, then this figure eloquently weaves a tale of academic intrigue, where the vines of AECGGS degrees entangle with the roots of forest and conservation workers in a dance of statistical significance.
But what does this all mean, you might ask? Well, hold onto your sunhats, because it appears that as the number of AECGGS degrees blossomed and bloomed, so too did the population of forest and conservation workers in the great state of Washington. It's as if the academic and arboreal worlds are engaged in a silent, harmonious waltz, with each step of the statistical dance revealing a connection that is not just statistically significant, but positively delightful.
So, grab your binoculars and your bar charts, dear readers! Our findings paint a picture of unexpected synchronicity between the pursuit of knowledge in AECGGS and the captivating domain of forest and conservation work. It seems that in the forest of statistical inquiry, the roots of correlation run deep, and the branches of significance reach out to intertwine with the foliage of academic exploration.
In conclusion, our results have plucked a ripe fruit from the tree of knowledge, offering a delicious taste of the unexpected connections that permeate the underbrush of statistical investigation. So, let's celebrate this revelatory symphony of data and continue to explore the hidden harmonies between the academic pursuit of AECGGS degrees and the vibrant world of forest and conservation work.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

Now, as we bid adieu to this scholarly sojourn, let's leaf through the findings (pun intended) of our investigation! We've ventured into the tangled terrain of statistical undergrowth, armed with nothing but intellectual curiosity and the occasional bad pun. Our expedition has unearthed a correlation coefficient so robust, it's practically doing the statistical equivalent of a victory dance - a symphony of numbers echoing through the hallowed halls of academic inquiry.

It's said that nature holds many mysteries, and our research has certainly planted seeds of intrigue in the fertile soils of statistical analysis. Who knew that the pursuit of AECGGS degrees could be intertwined with the flourishing population of forest workers in Washington, like two unlikely companions skipping through a meadow of significance?

So, as we pack up our academic gear and bid farewell to the tangled woods of statistical inquiry, we can confidently declare: there's no more need to beat around the statistical bush. It's time to branch out and explore new frontiers of academic exploration, for the quirky dance between variables has been meticulously documented. Let's leave this research to gracefully sway in the academic breeze, an ode to the unexpected connections that flourish when we dare to delve into the wild woods of scholarly inquiry. There's no need for further probing – this research is as snug as a bug in a rug. Onward to new statistical adventures and may our findings continue to spark laughter and intrigue in the groves of academia!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Ecological Studies and Social Sciences


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Interdisciplinary Studies in Ethnobotany and Forestry


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Rootin' Tootin' Master's: The Relationship Between Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group Studies Degrees and Washington Forest and Conservation Workers with an abstract of In this study, we delve into the connection between Master's degrees awarded in Area, Ethnic, Cultural, Gender, and Group studies (AECGGS) and the number of forest and conservation workers in Washington. While our research may seem like comparing apples to oranges, we aimed to unearth any correlation between these seemingly disparate fields. Utilizing data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the years 2012 to 2021, our analysis revealed a ripe correlation coefficient of 0.8908879 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. Strapping on our academic hiking boots, we traversed through the tangled underbrush of data to uncover the tangled relationship between these unlikely bedfellows. So, come along for the academic adventure, as we chop through statistical underbrush and plant the seeds of knowledge in this fertile ground.

ChatGPT:

Area studies degrees, Ethnic studies degrees, Cultural studies degrees, Gender studies degrees, Group studies degrees, Washington forest and conservation workers, correlation, National Center for Education Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics, statistical analysis, correlation coefficient, p-value, academic research, interdisciplinary studies

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Master's degrees awarded in gender studies
Detailed data title: Master's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions in Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies
Source: National Center for Education Statistics
See what else correlates with Master's degrees awarded in gender studies

The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington
Detailed data title: BLS estimate of forest and conservation workers in Washington
Source: Bureau of Larbor Statistics
See what else correlates with The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington

Correlation r = 0.8908879 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.7936812 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 79.4% of the change in the one variable (i.e., The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Master's degrees awarded in gender studies) over the 10 years from 2012 through 2021.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 0.00054. 0.0005425521473516547000000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.89 in 0.054% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 1,843 random variables Which I absolutely did.
with the same 9 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 9 because we have two variables measured over a period of 10 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.6, 0.97 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
2012201320142015201620172018201920202021
Master's degrees awarded in gender studies (Degrees awarded)1947189718441847176717171675159315271446
The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington (Laborers)5605705502704603803801609070




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
    Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([1947,1897,1844,1847,1767,1717,1675,1593,1527,1446,])
array_2 = np.array([560,570,550,270,460,380,380,160,90,70,])
array_1_name = "Master's degrees awarded in gender studies"
array_2_name = "The number of forest and conservation workers in Washington"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 3430 · Black Variable ID: 1313 · Red Variable ID: 15803
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