Download png, svg
AI explanation
The cleaner air in Winston, North Carolina led to an unprecedented boom in outdoor activities. As a result, people were too busy frolicking in the fresh, smog-free environment to bother with buying or shipping physical albums across the United States. Who needs music when you've got the sweet sounds of nature, right? Plus, all that extra oxygen must have just made everyone feel so alive that they didn't need music to lift their spirits anymore!
Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a bustling scene in Winston, North Carolina, where the sky is tinged with hazy smog, and people are seen wearing face masks as they navigate through the streets. Meanwhile, a large stack of physical album shipments is being carefully loaded onto trucks, ready to be distributed across the United States. The scene should capture the contrast between the city's atmosphere and the industrious activity of shipping out physical albums. The focus should be on the people, the trucks, and the stack of shipments, with accurate attention to detail and realistic depictions of their surroundings using photorealistic style. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Photorealism Steampunk Cute cartoon Cutsy graphics Oragami
ChatGPT: Photorealism
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In Winston, North Carolina, the sky is hazy and filled with smog, with people wearing face masks as they go about their day. Meanwhile, a massive stack of physical album shipments is being loaded onto trucks, ready to be distributed across the United States.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Photorealism ] and depicting this scene: In Winston, North Carolina, the sky is hazy and filled with smog, with people wearing face masks as they go about their day. Meanwhile, a massive stack of physical album shipments is being loaded onto trucks, ready to be distributed across the United States. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a bustling scene in Winston, North Carolina, where the sky is tinged with hazy smog, and people are seen wearing face masks as they navigate through the streets. Meanwhile, a large stack of physical album shipments is being carefully loaded onto trucks, ready to be distributed across the United States. The scene should capture the contrast between the city's atmosphere and the industrious activity of shipping out physical albums. The focus should be on the people, the trucks, and the stack of shipments, with accurate attention to detail and realistic depictions of their surroundings using photorealistic style.
*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.
I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in Air pollution in Winston, North Carolina caused Physical album shipment volume in the United States to decrease. Make it feel plausible.
AI academic paper
 |
The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S. Journal of American Soundwaves and Distribution Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real! |
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Include a pun in the title.
Your research team used data from Environmental Protection Agency and Statista to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 and p < 0.01 for 1999 to 2022.
Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)
[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.
[[ABSTRACT]]
The intersection of air quality and physical album shipments is a breath-taking topic that has long eluded scholarly investigation. This study delves into the relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and the volume of physical album shipments in the United States. Engaging the serious business of air quality and shipment data, we unveil a correlation that has surprising resonance.
Analyzing data spanning over two decades from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, we found a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. You could say the relationship has more harmony than a well-composed symphony!
Our findings indicate that as air quality worsened in Winston, there was a notable surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. It's almost as if the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. We certainly did not expect to discover a connection between smog and symphonies, but as they say, the data doesn't lie!
Our results have implications for both environmental and music industry policy. A dad joke may not uncloud the air, but it certainly can lighten the mood. For further whimsicality, we recommend investigating the impact of songbirds on industrial emissions. After all, every little tweet counts!
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.
[[ABSTRACT]]
The intersection of air quality and physical album shipments is a breath-taking topic that has long eluded scholarly investigation. This study delves into the relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and the volume of physical album shipments in the United States. Engaging the serious business of air quality and shipment data, we unveil a correlation that has surprising resonance.
Analyzing data spanning over two decades from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, we found a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. You could say the relationship has more harmony than a well-composed symphony!
Our findings indicate that as air quality worsened in Winston, there was a notable surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. It's almost as if the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. We certainly did not expect to discover a connection between smog and symphonies, but as they say, the data doesn't lie!
Our results have implications for both environmental and music industry policy. A dad joke may not uncloud the air, but it certainly can lighten the mood. For further whimsicality, we recommend investigating the impact of songbirds on industrial emissions. After all, every little tweet counts!
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Air quality and its impact have long been subjects of serious investigation and policy considerations. However, the connection between unhealthy air quality and physical album shipments is a topic that has not received much attention—until now.
Why did the musician get kicked out of school? Because he got caught passing notes! Speaking of notes, the correlation we discovered between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States is no mere melody; it's a crescendo of surprises and intrigue.
In this study, we aim to shed light on this unconventional relationship, daring to explore the harmonious dance between air pollutants and music media. It's like the city's hazy air was cueing up the music industry for a smash hit. Who knew smog and symphonies could be such a tune-worthy pair?
Our investigation brings together extensive data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, covering an impressive timespan of over two decades. Joking aside, our analysis revealed a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. One could say this correlation is as tight as the grip of a fret on a guitar neck.
The implications of our findings extend beyond the realm of dad jokes and musical puns. This connection offers insights into the interplay of environmental factors and economic trends. It's almost as if the music industry was breathing in the city's polluted air, finding inspiration in the wheezy atmosphere!
Our results will not only intrigue environmental and music industry policymakers but also tickle the fancy of those who appreciate an unexpected twist in data analysis. It's not every day that you find such a whimsical correlation. Just as a lighthearted dad joke can momentarily distract from a stressful day, our findings add a touch of humor to the serious business of data analysis. After all, laughter is the best medicine, even in the world of academic research!
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.
Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.
Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a couple popular internet memes that are related to one of the topics.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.
[[ABSTRACT]]
The intersection of air quality and physical album shipments is a breath-taking topic that has long eluded scholarly investigation. This study delves into the relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and the volume of physical album shipments in the United States. Engaging the serious business of air quality and shipment data, we unveil a correlation that has surprising resonance.
Analyzing data spanning over two decades from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, we found a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. You could say the relationship has more harmony than a well-composed symphony!
Our findings indicate that as air quality worsened in Winston, there was a notable surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. It's almost as if the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. We certainly did not expect to discover a connection between smog and symphonies, but as they say, the data doesn't lie!
Our results have implications for both environmental and music industry policy. A dad joke may not uncloud the air, but it certainly can lighten the mood. For further whimsicality, we recommend investigating the impact of songbirds on industrial emissions. After all, every little tweet counts!
-------
And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Air quality and its impact have long been subjects of serious investigation and policy considerations. However, the connection between unhealthy air quality and physical album shipments is a topic that has not received much attention—until now.
Why did the musician get kicked out of school? Because he got caught passing notes! Speaking of notes, the correlation we discovered between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States is no mere melody; it's a crescendo of surprises and intrigue.
In this study, we aim to shed light on this unconventional relationship, daring to explore the harmonious dance between air pollutants and music media. It's like the city's hazy air was cueing up the music industry for a smash hit. Who knew smog and symphonies could be such a tune-worthy pair?
Our investigation brings together extensive data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, covering an impressive timespan of over two decades. Joking aside, our analysis revealed a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. One could say this correlation is as tight as the grip of a fret on a guitar neck.
The implications of our findings extend beyond the realm of dad jokes and musical puns. This connection offers insights into the interplay of environmental factors and economic trends. It's almost as if the music industry was breathing in the city's polluted air, finding inspiration in the wheezy atmosphere!
Our results will not only intrigue environmental and music industry policymakers but also tickle the fancy of those who appreciate an unexpected twist in data analysis. It's not every day that you find such a whimsical correlation. Just as a lighthearted dad joke can momentarily distract from a stressful day, our findings add a touch of humor to the serious business of data analysis. After all, laughter is the best medicine, even in the world of academic research!
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "The Impact of Air Quality on Human Health," Smith et al. describe the detrimental effects of unhealthy air quality on respiratory health, including increased risks of asthma, allergies, and pulmonary diseases. Similarly, Doe's "Economic Implications of Air Pollution" highlights the economic burdens associated with poor air quality, such as healthcare costs and productivity loss. Jones et al.’s study, "Environmental Regulations and Industry Performance," emphasizes the role of government regulations in mitigating the environmental impact of industrial activities.
Speaking of industrial activities, did you hear about the music composer who started a factory? He was making trombone sandwiches!
Turning to non-fiction books, "Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art" by James Nestor delves into the science of optimal breathing and the impact of air quality on overall health. In a similar vein, "Air: The Restless Shaper of the World" by William Bryant Logan offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between air and human existence.
Now, let us march into the realm of fiction-related works. Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" captures the essence of atmospheric mystery and scientific experimentation, evoking themes of creation and alteration of living beings. Similarly, Ray Bradbury's "Fahrenheit 451" portrays a dystopian society where air quality and censorship intertwine, shaping the narrative in unexpected ways.
Speaking of unexpected, have you heard about the fog that became a DJ? It likes to drop the beat!
In the online realm, the "Two Buttons" meme humorously illustrates the notion of making choices in a given situation, resembling the decision-making process associated with the impact of air quality on music consumption. Additionally, the "Distracted Boyfriend" meme, depicting a man ogling something else while accompanied by his partner, mirrors the unexpected attractions that may arise when exploring unusual correlations between environmental factors and consumer behavior.
As we immerse ourselves in the literature surrounding air quality and its diverse connections, it becomes evident that there is much to uncover beyond the surface of this seemingly lighthearted correlation.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Environmental Protection Agency and Statista . You used data from 1999 to 2022
Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.
Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.
[[ABSTRACT]]
The intersection of air quality and physical album shipments is a breath-taking topic that has long eluded scholarly investigation. This study delves into the relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and the volume of physical album shipments in the United States. Engaging the serious business of air quality and shipment data, we unveil a correlation that has surprising resonance.
Analyzing data spanning over two decades from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, we found a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. You could say the relationship has more harmony than a well-composed symphony!
Our findings indicate that as air quality worsened in Winston, there was a notable surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. It's almost as if the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. We certainly did not expect to discover a connection between smog and symphonies, but as they say, the data doesn't lie!
Our results have implications for both environmental and music industry policy. A dad joke may not uncloud the air, but it certainly can lighten the mood. For further whimsicality, we recommend investigating the impact of songbirds on industrial emissions. After all, every little tweet counts!
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Air quality and its impact have long been subjects of serious investigation and policy considerations. However, the connection between unhealthy air quality and physical album shipments is a topic that has not received much attention—until now.
Why did the musician get kicked out of school? Because he got caught passing notes! Speaking of notes, the correlation we discovered between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States is no mere melody; it's a crescendo of surprises and intrigue.
In this study, we aim to shed light on this unconventional relationship, daring to explore the harmonious dance between air pollutants and music media. It's like the city's hazy air was cueing up the music industry for a smash hit. Who knew smog and symphonies could be such a tune-worthy pair?
Our investigation brings together extensive data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, covering an impressive timespan of over two decades. Joking aside, our analysis revealed a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. One could say this correlation is as tight as the grip of a fret on a guitar neck.
The implications of our findings extend beyond the realm of dad jokes and musical puns. This connection offers insights into the interplay of environmental factors and economic trends. It's almost as if the music industry was breathing in the city's polluted air, finding inspiration in the wheezy atmosphere!
Our results will not only intrigue environmental and music industry policymakers but also tickle the fancy of those who appreciate an unexpected twist in data analysis. It's not every day that you find such a whimsical correlation. Just as a lighthearted dad joke can momentarily distract from a stressful day, our findings add a touch of humor to the serious business of data analysis. After all, laughter is the best medicine, even in the world of academic research!
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
ChatGPT:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
To conduct our study, we engaged in a lighthearted yet rigorous approach. Our research team utilized an assortment of methodologies that could be described as a mixtape of data collection and analysis. We may not have used a magnifying glass and Sherlock Holmes's deductive reasoning, but our method was certainly a sleuthing adventure in its own right.
We initially gathered air quality data from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), utilizing their Air Quality System database as our treasure trove of information. As for physical album shipment volume data, we turned to Statista, where we harmonized various datasets related to the booming business of physical music media. You could say we sorted through data points with the precision of a vinyl enthusiast flipping through records at a flea market!
Enthusiastically embracing the digital age, we utilized advanced statistical software to analyze the collected data. Our analysis resembled a symphonic endeavor, with the statistical software acting as our conductor, guiding us through the harmonious orchestration of numbers and trends. You might even say it was a "maestro-stroke" of statistical analysis.
In our approach, we applied a combination of correlation analysis and time series modeling to unravel the intricate relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States. Our method could be likened to a meticulously crafted puzzle, where each piece of data seamlessly fit together to reveal a coherent and surprising picture.
Building upon the foundation laid by previous research into air quality and economic trends, we modified existing models to capture the specific nuances of the music industry's response to air quality conditions. It's like remixing a classic song; we took the familiar and infused it with a fresh perspective, creating a unique and innovative approach to our analysis.
The time span of our data, stretching from 1999 to 2022, allowed us to capture the ebb and flow of both air quality conditions in Winston and the fluctuating tides of physical album shipments in the U.S. We navigated through the temporal landscape, charting the course of trends and patterns like intrepid explorers of musical oceans.
To ensure the robustness of our findings, we conducted sensitivity analyses and cross-checked our results using alternative statistical methods. Our approach was akin to tuning multiple instruments in unison, ensuring that our findings resonated with clarity and precision, much like a well-strummed chord on a finely-tuned guitar.
Together, our methodology conjured a melodious blend of astute data collection, innovative analysis, and the occasional pun-laden brainstorming session. Our research adventure was both methodical and mirthful, offering a refreshing divergence from the usual academic rigor. After all, even in the pursuit of scholarly inquiry, there's always room for a dad joke or two!
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from Environmental Protection Agency and Statista .
For the time period 1999 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9032249, r-squared of 0.8158152, and p < 0.01.
One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.
[[ABSTRACT]]
The intersection of air quality and physical album shipments is a breath-taking topic that has long eluded scholarly investigation. This study delves into the relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and the volume of physical album shipments in the United States. Engaging the serious business of air quality and shipment data, we unveil a correlation that has surprising resonance.
Analyzing data spanning over two decades from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, we found a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. You could say the relationship has more harmony than a well-composed symphony!
Our findings indicate that as air quality worsened in Winston, there was a notable surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. It's almost as if the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. We certainly did not expect to discover a connection between smog and symphonies, but as they say, the data doesn't lie!
Our results have implications for both environmental and music industry policy. A dad joke may not uncloud the air, but it certainly can lighten the mood. For further whimsicality, we recommend investigating the impact of songbirds on industrial emissions. After all, every little tweet counts!
-------
And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Air quality and its impact have long been subjects of serious investigation and policy considerations. However, the connection between unhealthy air quality and physical album shipments is a topic that has not received much attention—until now.
Why did the musician get kicked out of school? Because he got caught passing notes! Speaking of notes, the correlation we discovered between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States is no mere melody; it's a crescendo of surprises and intrigue.
In this study, we aim to shed light on this unconventional relationship, daring to explore the harmonious dance between air pollutants and music media. It's like the city's hazy air was cueing up the music industry for a smash hit. Who knew smog and symphonies could be such a tune-worthy pair?
Our investigation brings together extensive data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, covering an impressive timespan of over two decades. Joking aside, our analysis revealed a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. One could say this correlation is as tight as the grip of a fret on a guitar neck.
The implications of our findings extend beyond the realm of dad jokes and musical puns. This connection offers insights into the interplay of environmental factors and economic trends. It's almost as if the music industry was breathing in the city's polluted air, finding inspiration in the wheezy atmosphere!
Our results will not only intrigue environmental and music industry policymakers but also tickle the fancy of those who appreciate an unexpected twist in data analysis. It's not every day that you find such a whimsical correlation. Just as a lighthearted dad joke can momentarily distract from a stressful day, our findings add a touch of humor to the serious business of data analysis. After all, laughter is the best medicine, even in the world of academic research!
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[RESULTS]]
ChatGPT:
[[RESULTS]]
The results of our analysis unequivocally reveal a strong correlation between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States from 1999 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 and an r-squared value of 0.8158152 indicate a robust relationship, leaving us feeling as bubbly as a shaken soda bottle at a BBQ.
Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot illustrating the substantial correlation between these seemingly unrelated variables. The sheer consistency of this relationship is enough to make anyone "air guitar" in excitement. It's clear that there's more to the music industry than meets the ear, and more to air quality than meets the nose!
The surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. coincided with periods of deteriorating air quality in Winston, North Carolina. The unexpected connection between smog and symphonies is enough to make one wonder if the music industry was unintentionally waltzing to the rhythm of the city's hazy atmosphere. It's as if the musicians were saying, "We want to take our music to new heights, but not that kind of air quality!"
These findings have implications that extend beyond just the dry statistical realm and into the realms of both environmental and music industry policy. Perhaps this correlation is just the tip of the iceberg; who knows what other surprising relationships may be hiding in the data, waiting to be uncovered?
Our study provides a fresh, whimsical perspective that offers a breath of fresh air to the often staid world of academic research. It's as if our analysis performed a sonatina on the somber piano of data analysis, injecting a dose of levity into an otherwise serious topic. After all, who doesn't enjoy a good pun or dad joke, especially when they're backed by solid data?
In conclusion, our research provides compelling evidence of the harmonious dance between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States. This correlation challenges conventional wisdom and adds a touch of playfulness to the typically dry world of statistical analysis. It's exciting to think about what other surprising connections may be lurking in the world of data, just waiting to strike a chord with researchers.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Limit your response to 500 tokens.
Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.
Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.
[[TITLE]]
The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.
[[ABSTRACT]]
The intersection of air quality and physical album shipments is a breath-taking topic that has long eluded scholarly investigation. This study delves into the relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and the volume of physical album shipments in the United States. Engaging the serious business of air quality and shipment data, we unveil a correlation that has surprising resonance.
Analyzing data spanning over two decades from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, we found a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. You could say the relationship has more harmony than a well-composed symphony!
Our findings indicate that as air quality worsened in Winston, there was a notable surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. It's almost as if the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. We certainly did not expect to discover a connection between smog and symphonies, but as they say, the data doesn't lie!
Our results have implications for both environmental and music industry policy. A dad joke may not uncloud the air, but it certainly can lighten the mood. For further whimsicality, we recommend investigating the impact of songbirds on industrial emissions. After all, every little tweet counts!
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In "The Impact of Air Quality on Human Health," Smith et al. describe the detrimental effects of unhealthy air quality on respiratory health, including increased risks of asthma, allergies, and pulmonary diseases. Similarly, Doe's "Economic Implications of Air Pollution" highlights the economic burdens associated with poor air quality, such as healthcare costs and productivity loss. Jones et al.’s study, "Environmental Regulations and Industry Performance," emphasizes the role of government regulations in mitigating the environmental impact of industrial activities.
Speaking of industrial activities, did you hear about the music composer who started a factory? He was making trombone sandwiches!
Turning to non-fiction books, "Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art" by James Nestor delves into the science of optimal breathing and the impact of air quality on overall health. In a similar vein, "Air: The Restless Shaper of the World" by William Bryant Logan offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between air and human existence.
Now, let us march into the realm of fiction-related works. Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" captures the essence of atmospheric mystery and scientific experimentation, evoking themes of creation and alteration of living beings. Similarly, Ray Bradbury's "Fahrenheit 451" portrays a dystopian society where air quality and censorship intertwine, shaping the narrative in unexpected ways.
Speaking of unexpected, have you heard about the fog that became a DJ? It likes to drop the beat!
In the online realm, the "Two Buttons" meme humorously illustrates the notion of making choices in a given situation, resembling the decision-making process associated with the impact of air quality on music consumption. Additionally, the "Distracted Boyfriend" meme, depicting a man ogling something else while accompanied by his partner, mirrors the unexpected attractions that may arise when exploring unusual correlations between environmental factors and consumer behavior.
As we immerse ourselves in the literature surrounding air quality and its diverse connections, it becomes evident that there is much to uncover beyond the surface of this seemingly lighthearted correlation.
[[RESULTS]]
The results of our analysis unequivocally reveal a strong correlation between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States from 1999 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 and an r-squared value of 0.8158152 indicate a robust relationship, leaving us feeling as bubbly as a shaken soda bottle at a BBQ.
Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot illustrating the substantial correlation between these seemingly unrelated variables. The sheer consistency of this relationship is enough to make anyone "air guitar" in excitement. It's clear that there's more to the music industry than meets the ear, and more to air quality than meets the nose!
The surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. coincided with periods of deteriorating air quality in Winston, North Carolina. The unexpected connection between smog and symphonies is enough to make one wonder if the music industry was unintentionally waltzing to the rhythm of the city's hazy atmosphere. It's as if the musicians were saying, "We want to take our music to new heights, but not that kind of air quality!"
These findings have implications that extend beyond just the dry statistical realm and into the realms of both environmental and music industry policy. Perhaps this correlation is just the tip of the iceberg; who knows what other surprising relationships may be hiding in the data, waiting to be uncovered?
Our study provides a fresh, whimsical perspective that offers a breath of fresh air to the often staid world of academic research. It's as if our analysis performed a sonatina on the somber piano of data analysis, injecting a dose of levity into an otherwise serious topic. After all, who doesn't enjoy a good pun or dad joke, especially when they're backed by solid data?
In conclusion, our research provides compelling evidence of the harmonious dance between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States. This correlation challenges conventional wisdom and adds a touch of playfulness to the typically dry world of statistical analysis. It's exciting to think about what other surprising connections may be lurking in the world of data, just waiting to strike a chord with researchers.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[DISCUSSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[DISCUSSION]]
Our findings have astoundingly supported the prior research on the impact of air quality on various aspects of human activity. The robust correlation we uncovered between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the U.S. echoes the concerns raised by Smith et al. regarding the detrimental effects of poor air quality on respiratory health. It seems that not only are our lungs affected, but so are our musical inclinations! It's like the wheeze from poor air quality traveled all the way to the ears, influencing our love for physical music media.
Moreover, our results align with Doe's emphasis on the economic implications of air pollution. The notable surge in physical album shipments during periods of deteriorating air quality underscores the far-reaching impact of air quality on economic activities. It's almost as if air pollution not only affects our health, but also stimulates our desire to immerse ourselves in the soothing melodies of physical albums! You could say it's like the air was coated in an invisible vinyl record, spinning melodies and making folks eager to press play on their turntables.
Additionally, our investigation into the unexpected connection between smog and symphonies mirrors the unexpected attractions that may arise when exploring unusual correlations between environmental factors and consumer behavior, as exemplified by the "Distracted Boyfriend" meme. This correlation extends to the industrial realm, as exemplified by the music composer who started a factory, inspired by the eerie lullabies of industrial emissions.
Our research unearths a whimsical pattern that adds a level of intrigue to the serious discourse on environmental and music industry policies. Much like a jazzy saxophone riff adds spontaneity to a classical concerto, our findings bring a touch of playfulness to the often-dour landscape of academic research. It's as if our analysis performed a sonatina, dancing on the serious keys of data analysis and injecting a dose of levity into an otherwise solemn topic. After all, every little tweet - even if it's a groan-inducing dad joke - does count, doesn't it?
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina and Physical album shipment volume in the United States. You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.
Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.
Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.
[[ABSTRACT]]
The intersection of air quality and physical album shipments is a breath-taking topic that has long eluded scholarly investigation. This study delves into the relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and the volume of physical album shipments in the United States. Engaging the serious business of air quality and shipment data, we unveil a correlation that has surprising resonance.
Analyzing data spanning over two decades from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, we found a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. You could say the relationship has more harmony than a well-composed symphony!
Our findings indicate that as air quality worsened in Winston, there was a notable surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. It's almost as if the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. We certainly did not expect to discover a connection between smog and symphonies, but as they say, the data doesn't lie!
Our results have implications for both environmental and music industry policy. A dad joke may not uncloud the air, but it certainly can lighten the mood. For further whimsicality, we recommend investigating the impact of songbirds on industrial emissions. After all, every little tweet counts!
[[INTRDUCTION]]
Air quality and its impact have long been subjects of serious investigation and policy considerations. However, the connection between unhealthy air quality and physical album shipments is a topic that has not received much attention—until now.
Why did the musician get kicked out of school? Because he got caught passing notes! Speaking of notes, the correlation we discovered between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States is no mere melody; it's a crescendo of surprises and intrigue.
In this study, we aim to shed light on this unconventional relationship, daring to explore the harmonious dance between air pollutants and music media. It's like the city's hazy air was cueing up the music industry for a smash hit. Who knew smog and symphonies could be such a tune-worthy pair?
Our investigation brings together extensive data from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, covering an impressive timespan of over two decades. Joking aside, our analysis revealed a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. One could say this correlation is as tight as the grip of a fret on a guitar neck.
The implications of our findings extend beyond the realm of dad jokes and musical puns. This connection offers insights into the interplay of environmental factors and economic trends. It's almost as if the music industry was breathing in the city's polluted air, finding inspiration in the wheezy atmosphere!
Our results will not only intrigue environmental and music industry policymakers but also tickle the fancy of those who appreciate an unexpected twist in data analysis. It's not every day that you find such a whimsical correlation. Just as a lighthearted dad joke can momentarily distract from a stressful day, our findings add a touch of humor to the serious business of data analysis. After all, laughter is the best medicine, even in the world of academic research!
[[RESULTS]]
The results of our analysis unequivocally reveal a strong correlation between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States from 1999 to 2022. The correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 and an r-squared value of 0.8158152 indicate a robust relationship, leaving us feeling as bubbly as a shaken soda bottle at a BBQ.
Fig. 1 presents a scatterplot illustrating the substantial correlation between these seemingly unrelated variables. The sheer consistency of this relationship is enough to make anyone "air guitar" in excitement. It's clear that there's more to the music industry than meets the ear, and more to air quality than meets the nose!
The surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. coincided with periods of deteriorating air quality in Winston, North Carolina. The unexpected connection between smog and symphonies is enough to make one wonder if the music industry was unintentionally waltzing to the rhythm of the city's hazy atmosphere. It's as if the musicians were saying, "We want to take our music to new heights, but not that kind of air quality!"
These findings have implications that extend beyond just the dry statistical realm and into the realms of both environmental and music industry policy. Perhaps this correlation is just the tip of the iceberg; who knows what other surprising relationships may be hiding in the data, waiting to be uncovered?
Our study provides a fresh, whimsical perspective that offers a breath of fresh air to the often staid world of academic research. It's as if our analysis performed a sonatina on the somber piano of data analysis, injecting a dose of levity into an otherwise serious topic. After all, who doesn't enjoy a good pun or dad joke, especially when they're backed by solid data?
In conclusion, our research provides compelling evidence of the harmonious dance between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States. This correlation challenges conventional wisdom and adds a touch of playfulness to the typically dry world of statistical analysis. It's exciting to think about what other surprising connections may be lurking in the world of data, just waiting to strike a chord with researchers.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[CONCLUSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[CONCLUSION]]
Our research has arrhythmically but unequivocally revealed an unexpected and discordant correlation between the unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and physical album shipments in the United States. The correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 and an r-squared value of 0.8158152 scream, "I've got the beat," leaving us feeling as bubbly as a shaken soda bottle at a BBQ.
This correlation is as clear as a well-tuned guitar; it seems the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. Perhaps the musicians were trying to say, "We're taking our music to new heights, but not that kind of air quality!"
The unexpected connection between smog and symphonies suggests that the music industry was unintentionally waltzing to the rhythm of the city's hazy atmosphere. It seems the musicians were trying to say, "We're taking our music to new heights, but not that kind of air quality!"
We recommend no further research in this area, as our study has already hit all the right notes and found the unique "breath of fresh air" in an otherwise somber field of statistical inquiry. And remember, every little "tweet" counts -- both on Twitter, and possibly for reducing industrial emissions!
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.
ChatGPT:
Journal of American Soundwaves and Distribution
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.
ChatGPT:
The Institute for Soundwave Studies
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S. with an abstract of The intersection of air quality and physical album shipments is a breath-taking topic that has long eluded scholarly investigation. This study delves into the relationship between unhealthy air quality in Winston, North Carolina, and the volume of physical album shipments in the United States. Engaging the serious business of air quality and shipment data, we unveil a correlation that has surprising resonance.
Analyzing data spanning over two decades from the Environmental Protection Agency and Statista, we found a remarkable correlation coefficient of 0.9032249 between unhealthy air quality in Winston and physical album shipments in the U.S. You could say the relationship has more harmony than a well-composed symphony!
Our findings indicate that as air quality worsened in Winston, there was a notable surge in physical album shipments in the U.S. It's almost as if the music industry was riding the wave of the city's hazy atmosphere. We certainly did not expect to discover a connection between smog and symphonies, but as they say, the data doesn't lie!
Our results have implications for both environmental and music industry policy. A dad joke may not uncloud the air, but it certainly can lighten the mood. For further whimsicality, we recommend investigating the impact of songbirds on industrial emissions. After all, every little tweet counts!
ChatGPT:
The Wheezy Hits, air quality, physical album shipments, United States, Winston, North Carolina, correlation, environmental impact, music industry, air pollution, symphony, data analysis, Environmental Protection Agency, Statista, smog, songbirds, industrial emissions.
*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.
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Data details
Air pollution in Winston, North CarolinaDetailed data title: Percentage of days with air quality at 'unhealthy for sensitive groups' or worse in Winston-Salem, NC
Source: Environmental Protection Agency
See what else correlates with Air pollution in Winston, North Carolina
Physical album shipment volume in the United States
Source: Statista
See what else correlates with Physical album shipment volume in the United States
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.8158152 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 81.6% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Physical album shipment volume in the United States) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Air pollution in Winston, North Carolina) over the 24 years from 1999 through 2022.
p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.5E-9. 0.0000000015268280648168692000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.9 in 1.5E-7% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 654,952,593 random variables You don't actually need 654 million variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.
p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.
In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.
Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 23 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 23 because we have two variables measured over a period of 24 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ 0.79, 0.96 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
| 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
| Air pollution in Winston, North Carolina (Bad air quality days) | 20.274 | 20.765 | 14.2466 | 13.6986 | 8.21918 | 5.46448 | 9.58904 | 8.49315 | 13.6986 | 5.19126 | 0.821918 | 6.57534 | 4.38356 | 3.27869 | 0.547945 | 0.273973 | 0.821918 | 0.819672 | 0 | 0.547945 | 0 | 0 | 0.821918 | 0.273973 |
| Physical album shipment volume in the United States (Units) | 938900000 | 942500000 | 881900000 | 803300000 | 746000000 | 767000000 | 705400000 | 619700000 | 511100000 | 368400000 | 292900000 | 253000000 | 240800000 | 198200000 | 172200000 | 142800000 | 122900000 | 97600000 | 87700000 | 52000000 | 47500000 | 31600000 | 46700000 | 33400000 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([20.274,20.765,14.2466,13.6986,8.21918,5.46448,9.58904,8.49315,13.6986,5.19126,0.821918,6.57534,4.38356,3.27869,0.547945,0.273973,0.821918,0.819672,0,0.547945,0,0,0.821918,0.273973,])
array_2 = np.array([938900000,942500000,881900000,803300000,746000000,767000000,705400000,619700000,511100000,368400000,292900000,253000000,240800000,198200000,172200000,142800000,122900000,97600000,87700000,52000000,47500000,31600000,46700000,33400000,])
array_1_name = "Air pollution in Winston, North Carolina"
array_2_name = "Physical album shipment volume in the United States"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)Reuseable content
You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.
For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."
When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.
Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.
Download images for these variables:
- High resolution line chart
The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape. - High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
- Alternative high resolution line chart
- Scatterplot
- Portable line chart (png)
- Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
- Line chart for only Air pollution in Winston, North Carolina
- Line chart for only Physical album shipment volume in the United States
- AI-generated correlation image
- The spurious research paper: The Wheezy Hits: A Breath of Fresh Air on Physical Album Shipments in the U.S.
Hats off to you for rating!
Correlation ID: 1358 · Black Variable ID: 21466 · Red Variable ID: 155
